CN108754371B - Preparation method of refined α -close high-temperature titanium alloy grains - Google Patents
Preparation method of refined α -close high-temperature titanium alloy grains Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
A method for preparing refined near α high-temperature titanium alloy grains belongs to the technical field of titanium alloys and can solve the problem that the strength-plasticity-toughness matching performance of the existing near α high-temperature titanium alloy is low, low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angle rolling is carried out on an as-cast blank, a sample is cut out from the obtained forged blank and is subjected to rapid heat treatment in a α phase region or a α + β phase region, and then a near alpha high-temperature titanium alloy with α phase grain size lower than 2 mu m can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy, and particularly relates to a preparation method of refined α -high-temperature titanium alloy grains.
Background
α, which is one of the key materials of modern aircraft engines, is mainly used as compressor disk blades and casings of aircraft engines to reduce the mass of engines and reduce the thrust-weight ratio, the engines have very strict requirements on the performance of high-temperature titanium alloys, which require titanium alloy structural materials to have excellent comprehensive performance matching such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high toughness, high damage tolerance and weldability, because these performance indexes often contradict the requirements on the components and microstructure of the materials, simple improvement of the components cannot meet the crossing development of titanium alloys as structural materials in the directions of high speed, large size, complicated structure, etc., fasteners such as weapon equipment components, force-bearing bolts, etc. for high-strength titanium alloys and ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys, which make the conventional hot working techniques such as forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. gradually applied to titanium alloys to regulate and optimize the structural properties of the titanium alloys, to achieve optimization of strength and shaping to a certain extent, but a great deal of research proves that the hot working techniques such as forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. are gradually applied to titanium alloys to improve the structural properties of the titanium alloys in a short-time, and the defects of the hot working property development of titanium alloys such as the crystal grain size, the research of titanium alloys, the research of the heat treatment of the crystal grain size, the development of the crystal grain size of titanium alloys, the heat treatment, the research of the development of the research of the heat treatment of the titanium alloys, the research of the crystal grain size of the titanium alloys, the heat treatment, the research of the crystal grain size of the research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method for refining high-temperature titanium alloy grains close to α, aiming at the problem that the strength-plasticity-toughness matching performance of the existing high-temperature titanium alloy close to α is low.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of refined high-temperature titanium alloy grains close to α comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the α + β/β transformation point of a nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy by a metallographic method;
secondly, low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, namely rapidly forging α high-temperature titanium alloy with the deformation amount of 70% at the temperature of 300-;
and thirdly, rapid heat treatment near the phase transformation point of α + β/β 0, namely cutting a sample with a certain size by using a wire-cut electric discharge machine after the low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, preserving the temperature for 2min at the temperature of 15 ℃ above the phase transformation point of α + β 1/β, at the phase transformation point of α + β/β and at the temperature of 15 ℃ below the phase transformation point of α + β/β, and then quenching the sample by water to the room temperature.
Firstly, performing annular shearing deformation on a rolled high-temperature titanium alloy sheet close to α in a high-pressure twisting machine, wherein the initial thickness of the sample is 1mm, the thickness of the sample after the annular shearing deformation is 0.96mm, then performing equal channel angular extrusion on the sample, the channel height is 1mm, namely the thickness of the sample after the equal channel angular extrusion is still 1mm, and the annular shearing deformation and the equal channel angular extrusion on the sample are performed in succession in the high-pressure twisting machine.
The size of the cut specimens in the third step was 60mm 15mm 1 mm.
As the deformation passes have influence on the microstructure and the mechanical property of the sample, 3 passes of single-roll angular rolling are adopted to avoid excessive variables.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. on the basis of being different from the traditional hot deformation process, the invention obtains more twin crystals and dislocations in the crystal grains through low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, the defects can store more distortion energy, thereby obviously reducing the recrystallization temperature and promoting the recrystallization, and further retains refined recrystallized grains through rapid heat treatment in a β phase region or a α + β phase region so as to enable the refined recrystallized grains not to grow so as to refine β crystal grains.
2. The invention can prepare nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy with fine β grain structure and excellent strength-plasticity-toughness matching, and the processing method is suitable for industrial production.
3. The nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy obtained by the invention can refine the grain size of α phase to 1.2 mu m, and the alloy under the size can obtain the optimal comprehensive mechanical property, the tensile strength can reach 1126.3MPa, the yield strength can reach 1097.5MPa, and the elongation can reach 18.6%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of a sample of example 1 of the present invention at a rapid thermal processing temperature of 1030 ℃;
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of a sample of example 2 of the present invention at a rapid thermal processing temperature of 1030 ℃;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of a sample of example 3 of the present invention at a rapid thermal processing temperature of 1030 ℃.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Firstly, the phase transformation point of nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-1100 (Ti-6 Al-2.75 Sn-4 Zr-0.4 Mo-0.45 Si) α + β/β is 1015 ℃ measured by a metallographic method;
secondly, performing low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, namely performing first-step rapid forging on a nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-1100 cast ingot (phi 60mm x 40 mm) prepared by adopting a vacuum induction magnetic suspension smelting furnace at 715 ℃, wherein the deformation is 70 percent and the deformation rate is 1mm/s, rolling the sample subjected to rapid forging at 715 ℃, controlling the thickness of the sample to be 1mm, cutting the sample with the length of 200mm and the width of 20mm on the rolled sample by using wire cut electrical discharge machining, putting the sample into a high-pressure torque machine for low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling at 715 ℃, wherein the deformation of 3 steps is called one-round large plastic deformation, and because the deformation passes have influence on the microstructure and the mechanical property of the sample, the experiment adopts 3-pass single-roll angular rolling in order to avoid excessive variables;
and thirdly, performing rapid heat treatment near the phase transformation point of α + β/β, namely cutting a sample with the size of 60mm 15mm 1mm from the sample subjected to low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling by wire cut electrical discharge machining, respectively and rapidly heating the sample to 1030 ℃, 1015 ℃, 1000 ℃ in a vacuum resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2min, and rapidly placing the sample in water to cool the sample to room temperature.
Finally, the mechanical properties of the rapid heat treatment at different temperatures are shown in Table 1, wherein the comprehensive mechanical properties obtained by the rapid heat treatment at 1030 ℃ are better, the tensile strength is 1126.3MPa, the yield strength is 1097.5MPa, the elongation can reach 18.6%, and the grain size of α phase is 1.2 μm.
TABLE 1715 ℃ mechanical Properties of different Heat treatment conditions at deformation temperature
Example 2
Firstly, the phase transformation point of nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-1100 (Ti-6 Al-2.75 Sn-4 Zr-0.4 Mo-0.45 Si) α + β/β is 1015 ℃ measured by a metallographic method;
secondly, performing low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, namely performing first-step rapid forging on a nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-1100 cast ingot (phi 60mm x 40 mm) prepared by adopting a vacuum induction magnetic suspension smelting furnace at 615 ℃, wherein the deformation is 70 percent, the deformation rate is 1mm/s, rolling the sample subjected to rapid forging at 615 ℃, controlling the thickness of the sample to be 1mm, cutting the sample with the length of 200mm and the width of 20mm on the rolled sample by using wire cut electrical discharge machining, putting the sample into a high-pressure twisting machine for low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling at 615 ℃, wherein the deformation of 3 steps is called one-round large plastic deformation, and the deformation passes have influence on the microstructure and the mechanical property of the sample, so as to avoid excessive variables, the experiment adopts 3-pass single-roll angular rolling;
and thirdly, performing rapid heat treatment near the phase transformation point of α + β/β, namely cutting a sample with the size of 60mm 15mm 1mm from the sample subjected to low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling by wire cut electrical discharge machining, respectively and rapidly heating the sample to 1030 ℃, 1015 ℃, 1000 ℃ in a vacuum resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2min, and rapidly placing the sample in water to cool the sample to room temperature.
Finally, the mechanical properties of the rapid heat treatment at different temperatures are measured and shown in Table 2, wherein the comprehensive mechanical properties obtained by the rapid heat treatment at 1015 ℃ are better, the tensile strength is 1197.9MPa, the yield strength is 1142.5MPa, the elongation can reach 17.5 percent, and the α phase crystal grain size is 2.2 mu m.
TABLE 2615 ℃ mechanical properties under different heat treatment conditions at deformation temperature
Example 3
Firstly, the phase transformation point of nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-1100 (Ti-6 Al-2.75 Sn-4 Zr-0.4 Mo-0.45 Si) α + β/β is 1015 ℃ measured by a metallographic method;
secondly, performing low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, namely performing first-step rapid forging on a nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-1100 cast ingot (phi 60mm x 40 mm) prepared by a vacuum induction magnetic suspension smelting furnace at 665 ℃, wherein the deformation is 70 percent and the deformation rate is 1mm/s, rolling the sample subjected to rapid forging at 665 ℃, controlling the thickness of the sample to be 1mm, cutting the sample with the length of 200mm and the width of 20mm on the rolled sample by using wire cut electrical discharge machining, putting the sample into a high-pressure torque machine for low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling at 665 ℃, wherein the deformation of 3 steps is called one-round large plastic deformation, and 3 passes of single-roll angular rolling are adopted in the experiment to avoid excessive variables due to the influence on the microstructure and the mechanical property of the sample;
and thirdly, performing rapid heat treatment near the phase transformation point of α + β/β, namely cutting a sample with the size of 60mm 15mm 1mm from the sample subjected to low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling by wire cut electrical discharge machining, respectively and rapidly heating the sample to 1030 ℃, 1015 ℃, 1000 ℃ in a vacuum resistance furnace, preserving heat for 2min, and rapidly placing the sample in water to cool the sample to room temperature.
Finally, the mechanical properties of the rapid heat treatment at different temperatures are measured and shown in Table 3, wherein the comprehensive mechanical properties obtained by the rapid heat treatment at 1030 ℃ are better, the tensile strength is 1158.4MPa, the yield strength is 1121.6MPa, the elongation can reach 18.2 percent, and the α phase crystal grain size is 1.6 mu m.
TABLE 3665 ℃ mechanical Properties at deformation temperatures under different Heat treatment conditions
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of refined high-temperature titanium alloy grains close to α is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, determining the α + β/β transformation point of a nearly α high-temperature titanium alloy by a metallographic method;
secondly, performing low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling, namely performing rapid forging with the deformation amount of 70% on α high-temperature titanium alloy at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ below the transformation point of α + β/β, adjusting the deformation rate to 1mm/s in order to obtain higher distortion energy and provide more energy for the subsequent precipitation of crystal grains, performing rolling on the rapidly forged sample at the same temperature, controlling the thickness of the sample to be 1mm so as to perform single-roll angular rolling, cutting a sample with the length of 200mm and the width of 20mm on the rolled sample by using wire cut electrical discharge machining, and performing low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ below the transformation point of α + β/β, wherein the low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling is performed by performing annular shear deformation on a nearly α rolled high-temperature titanium alloy sheet in a high-pressure torsion machine, wherein the initial thickness of the sample is 1mm, the thickness of the sample is 0.96mm after the annular shear deformation, and then performing annular shear deformation on the sample in a high-pressure torsion machine, wherein the sample is subjected to the annular shear deformation after the annular shear deformation, and the sample is subjected to the high-pressure torsion machine, and the high-pressure channel angular rolling, and the high-temperature channel angular rolling;
and thirdly, performing rapid heat treatment near the phase transformation point of α + β/β 0, namely cutting a sample subjected to low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling into a sample with the size of 60mm by 15mm by 1mm by wire electric discharge machining, preserving the temperature for 2min at 15 ℃ above the phase transformation point of α + β 1/β, at the phase transformation point of α + β/β and at 15 ℃ below the phase transformation point of α + β/β, and then performing water quenching and cooling to the room temperature.
2. The method for preparing the refined high-temperature titanium alloy with the grain size being nearly α as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-temperature multi-pass single-roll angular rolling in the second step is 3-pass single-roll angular rolling.
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