CN115051652A - High-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on double Y-shaped on-chip antennas and mixing method - Google Patents
High-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on double Y-shaped on-chip antennas and mixing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on double Y-shaped on-chip antennas and a mixing method, and relates to the technical field of mixers, wherein the subharmonic mixer comprises a medium substrate, a lens, a double Y-shaped slot circuit and a high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction; local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals enter a high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction through coupling of an antenna formed by a lens and a double Y-shaped slot circuit to carry out frequency mixing, and intermediate frequency signals generated by the frequency mixing are output through a cascade filter network. The subharmonic mixer based on the high-temperature superconducting technology is manufactured through the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna with a simple structure and the related filter network, and the frequency mixing processing function of the subharmonic mixer is realized, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of harmonic mixers, in particular to a high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna and a mixing method.
Background
Compared with the conventional semiconductor mixer, the high-temperature superconducting mixer has lower noise, higher frequency conversion gain and particularly lower requirement on local oscillation power by two orders of magnitude and three orders of magnitude. Compared with a low-temperature superconducting mixer, the high-temperature superconducting mixer has the advantages that the requirement on the refrigeration temperature is easier to achieve, and the required refrigerator is small in size, light in weight, low in cost and easy to apply in space fields such as aerospace aviation. Therefore, the research of the high-temperature superconducting mixer is of great significance.
Harmonic mixers generally have poorer performance than fundamental mixers, but the local oscillator frequency requirements are reduced by a factor of two. In addition, the local oscillation and the radio frequency signal are difficult to be isolated by fundamental wave mixing, and the isolation of the local oscillation and the radio frequency signal is generally realized by using a beam splitter, but larger radio frequency loss is brought, and the frequency selective surface can be used for replacing the beam splitter in harmonic mixing, so that the loss and the performance deterioration caused by radio frequency coupling are avoided. The subharmonic mixer is comprehensively considered, wherein the noise is lowest and the frequency conversion gain is highest in harmonic mixing, and the design of the high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer is very important. Although the dual-frequency matching and second harmonic terahertz frequency mixer based on the high-temperature superconducting technology can realize subharmonic frequency mixing based on the high-temperature superconducting technology in the prior art, the existing frequency mixer is complex in structure, large in manufacturing difficulty and high in manufacturing cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double Y-shaped on-chip antenna and a mixing method thereof, aiming at reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the mixer, the specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a dual Y-type on-chip antenna based high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer, the subharmonic mixer comprising a dielectric substrate, a lens, a dual Y-type slot circuit, and a high temperature superconducting josephson junction; the lens is mounted on one side of the medium substrate, and the double Y-type slot circuit and the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction are mounted on the opposite side of the medium substrate from the lens; the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal are coupled to enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction through an antenna formed by a lens and the double Y-shaped slot circuit, and are subjected to frequency mixing processing by using a frequency mixing algorithm to generate an intermediate frequency signal.
Optionally, the double Y-shaped slot circuit includes a double Y-shaped on-chip antenna, the lengths of four branch slots of the double Y-shaped on-chip antenna are all one fourth of the wavelength of the radio frequency signal, and an included angle between every two adjacent branch slots of the four branch slots is 90 degrees.
Optionally, the double Y-slot circuit further comprises a middle slot, and the length of the middle slot is 2 to 5 microns.
Optionally, the dual Y-slot circuit further includes a stepped high-low impedance line disposed on one side of a symmetry center of the dual Y-slot of the antenna on the dual Y-plate.
Optionally, the stepped high-low impedance line includes a first-order impedance line and a second-order impedance line, and a gap width between the first-order impedance line and the second-order impedance line is a quarter of a wavelength of the radio frequency signal.
Optionally, the double Y-shaped slot circuit comprises a cascaded filter network disposed on one side of a symmetry center of the double Y-shaped slot opposite to the stepped high and low impedance line.
Optionally, the cascaded filter network comprises coplanar waveguide low and high impedance lines.
In a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a frequency mixing method applied to the dual Y-type on-chip antenna-based high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer of the first aspect, the subharmonic mixer including a dielectric substrate, a lens, a dual Y-type slot circuit and a high temperature superconducting josephson junction, the lens being mounted on one side of the dielectric substrate, the dual Y-type slot circuit and the high temperature superconducting josephson junction being mounted on an opposite side of the dielectric substrate from the lens, the method comprising: and controlling local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals to enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction through coupling of an antenna formed by the lens and the double Y-shaped slot circuit, and generating intermediate frequency signals after frequency mixing processing is carried out on the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction by using a frequency mixing algorithm.
Optionally, the mixing algorithm is: and f ═ fi +/-2 fL, wherein fo is the frequency of the output intermediate frequency signal, fi is the frequency of the radio frequency signal, and fL is the frequency of the local oscillator signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna and a mixing method, and the mixer has the following beneficial effects:
the subharmonic mixer comprises a medium substrate, a lens, a double Y-shaped slot circuit and a high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction; the lens is arranged on one side of the medium substrate, the double Y-shaped slot circuit and the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction are arranged on one side of the medium substrate opposite to the lens, the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal are coupled into the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction through the antenna formed by the lens and the double Y-shaped slot circuit to be subjected to frequency mixing processing, then an intermediate frequency signal is generated, the high-temperature superconducting technology-based subharmonic mixer is manufactured through the double Y-shaped chip antenna with a simple structure and the related filter network, the frequency mixing processing function of the subharmonic mixer is realized, and the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can also be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1(a) shows a schematic structural diagram of a dual-Y-shaped on-chip antenna-based high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1(b) is a side view of a dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna based HTS subharmonic mixer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1(c) is a partial schematic diagram of a dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna based HTS subharmonic mixer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1(d) is a partial schematic diagram of a dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna based HTS subharmonic mixer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph of input impedance versus radiation efficiency for a dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna;
FIG. 3 is a plot of surface current versus electric field;
FIG. 4 is a scattering parameter plot for an antenna on a dual Y-shaped patch;
FIG. 5 is a length optimization diagram of a transition section CPW of the first-stage filter network connected with a double Y-shaped slot;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the length optimization of the transition CPW between the first and second filter networks;
FIG. 7 is a directional diagram of an antenna on a dual Y-shaped patch at a local oscillator frequency;
fig. 8 is a pattern of the dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna at radio frequency.
Reference numerals: 1-dielectric substrate, 2-double Y-type slot circuit, 3-Josephson junction and 4-lens.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Compared with the conventional semiconductor mixer, the high-temperature superconducting mixer has lower noise, higher frequency conversion gain and particularly lower requirement on local oscillation power by two orders of magnitude and three orders of magnitude. Compared with a low-temperature superconducting mixer, the high-temperature superconducting mixer has the advantages that the requirement on the refrigeration temperature is easier to achieve, and the required refrigerator is small in size, light in weight, low in cost and easy to apply in space fields such as aerospace aviation. Therefore, the research of the high-temperature superconducting mixer is of great significance.
The performance of harmonic mixers is generally worse than that of fundamental mixers, but the local oscillator frequency requirements are reduced by a factor. In addition, the local oscillation and the radio frequency signal are difficult to be isolated by fundamental wave mixing, and the isolation of the local oscillation and the radio frequency signal is generally realized by using a beam splitter, but larger radio frequency loss is brought, and the frequency selective surface can be used for replacing the beam splitter in harmonic mixing, so that the loss and the performance deterioration caused by radio frequency coupling are avoided. The subharmonic mixer has the lowest noise and the highest frequency conversion gain in harmonic mixing, and the design of the high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer is very important. Although a double-frequency matching and second harmonic terahertz frequency mixer based on a high-temperature superconducting technology can realize subharmonic frequency mixing based on the high-temperature superconducting technology in the prior art, the existing frequency mixer is complex in structure, high in manufacturing difficulty and high in manufacturing cost.
In order to solve the above problems, the inventors have long studied and proposed a high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer and a mixing method based on a dual Y-type on-chip antenna, in which the subharmonic mixer is manufactured by a dual Y-type on-chip antenna with a simple structure to realize a mixing processing function of the subharmonic mixer, so as to reduce the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost. As follows, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double Y-type on-chip antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, and please refer to fig. 1, the subharmonic mixer includes a dielectric substrate 1, a double Y-type slot circuit 2, a high-temperature superconducting josephson junction 3, and a lens 4.
In fig. 1, the lens 4 is mounted on the same side of the dielectric substrate 1 as the high temperature superconducting josephson junction 3, and the double Y-type slot circuit 2 is mounted on the side of the dielectric substrate 1 opposite to the lens 2, it being understood that the double Y-type slot circuit 2 is mounted on the back side of the lens 4. The local oscillator signal and the radio frequency signal are coupled in sequence through the lens 4 and the double Y-shaped slot circuit 2 and enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction 3 for frequency mixing processing, and then an intermediate frequency signal is generated, wherein the Josephson junction carries out frequency mixing by using a frequency mixing algorithm.
In which, the dielectric substrate 1 in fig. 1(a), 1(b), 1(c) and 1(d) is used to mount (or carry) the double Y-type slot circuit 2, the high temperature superconducting josephson junction 3, the lens 4 and so on. The material of the dielectric substrate 1 may be magnesium oxide (MgO), the relative dielectric constant of which is 9.8, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate may be between 200 and 1000 μm, and depending on the number of devices mounted thereon, if the number of devices mounted thereon is large, the dielectric substrate may be set to be thicker, for example, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 800 μm, whereas if the number of devices mounted thereon is small, the dielectric substrate may be set to be thinner, for example, the dielectric substrate may be 300 μm.
Referring to fig. 1, the lens 4 is shaped like a hemisphere to increase the antenna gain, so as to increase the coupling efficiency of the antenna to the local oscillator signal and the radio frequency signal, where the local oscillator signal may adopt a signal with a local oscillator frequency of 300GHz and a corresponding wavelength of 400 microns, and the radio frequency signal may adopt a signal with a radio frequency of 600GHz and a corresponding wavelength of 200 microns. The material of the lens 4 may be, but is not limited to, silicon (si). Optionally, the diameter of the lens 4 is larger than the size of the antenna on the double Y-shaped patch of the double Y-shaped slot circuit.
Alternatively, the double Y-shaped slit circuit 2 in fig. 1(a) is composed of two symmetrical gold films in which slits are formed. The double Y-slot circuit 2 includes: a dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna. The lengths of four branch gaps of the double-Y-shaped chip upper antenna are all one fourth of the wavelength of the radio-frequency signal, so that the double-Y-shaped chip upper antenna can simultaneously perform resonant radiation at two frequencies of the local oscillator and the radio-frequency signal. The included angle between every two adjacent branch gaps of the four branch gaps is 90 degrees, so that the directional diagram of the antenna on the double-Y-shaped sheet has good symmetry. The double-Y slot circuit 2 further includes a middle slot as shown in fig. 1(d), the middle slot is located at position L5 in fig. 1(d), the length of the middle slot is generally as small as possible, the middle slot can be selected from 2 to 5 micrometers, and the smaller middle slot can reduce the influence on the radiation characteristic and symmetry of the antenna on the double-Y type chip, thereby ensuring that the antenna on the double-Y type chip has good radiation characteristic and symmetry.
Optionally, the double-Y slot circuit further includes a stepped high-low impedance line disposed on one side of a symmetric center of the double-Y slot of the antenna on the double-Y sheet, and the impedance line adopts a coplanar waveguide, where the coplanar waveguide is a microwave planar transmission line with superior performance and convenient processing, and is used for transmitting wave signals.
Wherein the stepped high and low impedance lines comprise first and second step impedance lines. The width of a gap between the first-order impedance line and the second-order impedance line is one fourth of the wavelength of the radio-frequency signal, and the width of the gap and the width of a central conduction bandThe same, i.e. the central conduction band width is also a quarter of the wavelength of the radio frequency signal. The slot width is generally the same as the width of the double Y-shaped slot, and the slot width of the second-order impedance line is related to the input impedance of the antenna on the double Y-shaped chip, the input impedance Z of the antenna on the double Y-shaped chip in Can be obtained by the following formula:
z in the formula (1a) in1 Substituting the formula (1b), calculating to obtain the input impedance Z of the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna in Wherein Z is slot Input impedance of double Y-shaped slot, Z 01 Is the impedance of the first-order impedance line (typically 50 ohms), Z 02 Is the impedance of the second order impedance line, Z in For the input impedance of the final double-Y on-chip antenna, L 3 Is the length of the first-order impedance line, L 4 λ g is the wavelength of the radio frequency signal, which is the length of the second order impedance line.
The formula (1) can obtain a formula (2) after derivation and approximate calculation:
in the above formula Z in | RF For the input impedance, Z, of the dual Y-shaped on-chip antenna at radio frequency slot | RF Is the impedance of the double Y-shaped slot at radio frequencies.
Taking into account Z slot Impedance Z at local oscillator frequency slot | LO Generally above 300 ohms and much greater than Z 01 And Z 02 (generally, 40-50 ohms), equation (1) can also be approximately derived to obtain equation (3):
in the above formula Z in | LO For the input impedance, Z, of the antenna on the double Y-type chip at the local oscillator frequency slot | LO The impedance of the double Y-shaped gaps at the local oscillation frequency is shown.
Because of Z 02 Less than Z 01 From the formula (2), Z in | RF Less than Z slot | RF Thereby realizing low impedance matching (close to josephson junction impedance, its impedance is about 5-15 ohm) of the input impedance of the antenna on the double Y-type chip at radio frequency. And because of Z slot | LO Generally above 300 ohms and much greater than Z 01 And Z 02 (may be 40-50 ohms) and Z is shown by the formula (3) in | LO The imaginary part of the (A) is close to 0-5 ohm, and the real part is less than Z slot | LO And low impedance matching (which is close to the impedance of the Josephson junction and can be 5-15 ohms) of the input impedance of the antenna on the double Y-shaped chip at the local oscillation frequency is also realized. Therefore, the impedance matching mode can enable the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna to simultaneously realize low-impedance matching at radio frequency and local oscillator two signal frequencies.
Alternatively, the double Y-slot circuit includes a cascaded filter network, which may be composed of slots Lf1, Lf2, Lf3, as shown in fig. 1(c), and the cascaded filter network is disposed on one side of the symmetric center of the double Y-slot opposite to the stepped high-low impedance line. The cascade filter network comprises a coplanar waveguide low-impedance line and a coplanar waveguide high-impedance line, wherein the coplanar waveguide low-impedance line can be an n-order coplanar waveguide low-impedance line, and n can be an integer from 3 to 8.
The first stage filter network is mainly used for preventing radio frequency signals from passing through, the impedance of a transition section CPW connected with the symmetrical center of the double Y-shaped slot generally takes 50 ohms, the slot width of the transition section CPW is consistent with the width of the double Y-shaped slot, and the length of the transition section CPW is determined by optimizing the impedance of the filter network at the radio frequency at the symmetrical center of the double Y-shaped slot to be 0 ohm (generally close to a quarter wavelength of the radio frequency signals); the length of each order of CPW of the first-stage filter network is one-quarter wavelength of a radio frequency signal, and the total width of each order of CPW is consistent; the impedance of the first-order CPW of the first-order filter network is low, the impedance of the second-order CPW is high, the impedance of the third-order CPW is low, the impedance of the fourth-order CPW is high, and the like, so that the low-high impedance choking filter network is formed.
The second-stage filter network is mainly used for preventing local oscillation signals from passing through, a transition section connected with the first-stage filter network is a CPW impedance gradual change line of 50 ohms, and the length of the CPW impedance gradual change line is determined by optimizing the impedance of the cascade filter network at the local oscillation frequency at the symmetrical center of the double Y-shaped gap to be 0 ohm; the length of each order of CPW of the second-stage filter network is one-quarter wavelength of the local oscillation signal, and the total width of each order of CPW is consistent; the impedance of the first-order CPW of the second-stage filter network is low impedance, the impedance of the second-order CPW is high impedance, the impedance of the third-order CPW is low impedance, the impedance of the fourth-order CPW is high impedance, and the like, so that the low-high impedance choke filter network is formed similarly.
Therefore, the cascade filter network can prevent radio frequency and local oscillator signals from passing through, and simultaneously, the impedances of the local oscillator at the symmetric center of the double Y-shaped gap and the radio frequency are both close to 0 ohm, so that the intermediate frequency signals can be led out under the condition that the radiation characteristics of the antenna on the double Y-shaped sheet are not influenced.
The double-Y-shaped slot circuit consists of the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna, the step high-low impedance line and the cascade filter network.
The high temperature superconducting josephson junction 3 in fig. 1 is used to perform the mixing process.
The working principle of the high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna is as follows:
the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal are transmitted to the lens at the same angle by adjusting the angles of the reflector and the frequency selection surface, projecting the signal by the reflector and refracting the signal by the frequency selection surface, so that the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal can reach the lens at the same time, are coupled by an antenna consisting of the lens and the double Y-shaped slot circuit and enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction to be mixed by a mixing algorithm, and an intermediate frequency signal is generated.
Alternatively, the principle of the mixing algorithm processing is as follows (4):
fo＝fi±2fL (4)
wherein fo is the frequency of the output intermediate frequency signal, fi is the frequency of the input radio frequency signal (which may be a terahertz radio frequency signal), and fL is the frequency of the local oscillator signal.
And after mixing, generating an intermediate frequency signal fo, transmitting the intermediate frequency signal fo to an intermediate frequency output port through a cascade filter network, and outputting the intermediate frequency signal.
Wherein, the respective dimensions in fig. 1 are: h sub ＝0.5mm,R len ＝1.5mm,W a ＝3μm,L a ＝100
μm,L 3 ＝54μm,w 02 ＝7μm,g 02 ＝3μm,L 4 ＝46μm,g 01 ＝2μm,θ＝90°,L 1 ＝68μm,L f1 ＝
100μm,L f2 ＝50μm,L f2 ＝50μm,L 2 ＝51μm,w 2 ＝38μm,w h2 ＝6μm,g 2 ＝20μm,w h1 ＝8μm,w 1 ＝60μm,g 1 ＝30μm,w 01 ＝36μm,L 5 ＝3.5μm。
Fig. 2 shows that the designed double-Y-shaped chip upper antenna has good radiation efficiency at both local oscillator 300GHz and radio frequency 600GHz, and the impedance is close to 10 ohms, which indicates that the stepped high-low impedance line designed according to the invention can simultaneously realize low impedance matching (5-15 ohms) for the input impedance of the double-Y-shaped chip upper antenna at both radio frequency and local oscillator signal frequencies, so that radio frequency and local oscillator signals can be more efficiently coupled to the josephson junction 3 for frequency mixing.
Fig. 3 shows that the cascaded filter network designed according to step 3 can well prevent signals of local oscillator 300GHz and radio frequency 600GHz from passing through; fig. 4 shows that the cascaded filter network designed according to step 3 allows the intermediate frequency signal generated by mixing to pass through; fig. 5 and fig. 6 show that the length of the transition section CPW can be optimized according to the cascaded filter network designed in step 3, so that the impedances of the cascaded filter network at the positions of the local oscillator 300GHz and the radio frequency 600GHz at the symmetric center of the double Y-shaped slot are both close to 0 ohm, and therefore, under the condition that the radiation characteristics of the antenna on the double Y-shaped chip are not affected, the signals of the local oscillator 300GHz and the radio frequency 600GHz do not pass through, and the intermediate frequency signal generated by frequency mixing is led out from the Port 1.
Fig. 7 and 8 show that the designed double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna has good pattern symmetry at the local oscillator 300GHz and the radio frequency 600GHz, has high gain (about 20dBi), and has 3dB beam widths of 14.8 ° and 10.9 °, respectively, which indicates that the design according to the invention can meet the corresponding design requirements.
The high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna provided by the embodiment comprises a medium substrate, a lens, a double-Y-shaped gap circuit and a high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction; the lens is arranged on one side of the medium substrate, the double Y-shaped slit circuit and the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction are arranged on one side, opposite to the lens, of the medium substrate, the local oscillation signal and the radio-frequency signal are controlled to be coupled through the lens and an antenna formed by the double Y-shaped slit circuit and enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction for frequency mixing, an intermediate-frequency signal is generated, the frequency mixing processing function of the subharmonic frequency mixer is achieved by manufacturing the subharmonic frequency mixer through the double Y-shaped on-chip antenna with a simple structure, and manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost are reduced.
On the basis of the above embodiments, a high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double Y-type on-chip antenna is utilized, the subharmonic mixer includes a dielectric substrate, a lens, a double Y-type slot circuit and a high temperature superconducting josephson junction, the lens and the high temperature superconducting josephson junction are installed on one side of the dielectric substrate, the double Y-type slot circuit is installed on the opposite side of the dielectric substrate from the lens, the present embodiment provides a mixing method, and the mixing method specifically includes the following steps:
and controlling local oscillation signals and radio frequency signals to be coupled into the image high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction for mixing through an antenna formed by the lens and the double Y-shaped slot circuit to generate intermediate frequency signals.
In summary, the present application provides a high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a dual Y-type on-chip antenna and a mixing method, wherein the subharmonic mixer includes a dielectric substrate, a lens, a dual Y-type slot circuit and a high temperature superconducting josephson junction; the lens and the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction are arranged on one side of the medium substrate, the double Y-shaped slot circuit is arranged on one side of the medium substrate opposite to the lens, the local oscillator signal and the radio-frequency signal are controlled to enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction through the coupling of the lens and an antenna formed by the double Y-shaped slot circuit, frequency mixing is carried out, and an intermediate-frequency signal generated by the frequency mixing is output through the cascade filter network. The subharmonic mixer based on the high-temperature superconducting technology is manufactured through the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna with a simple structure and the related filter network, and the mixing processing function of the subharmonic mixer is realized, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the modules/units/sub-units/components in the above-described apparatus may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the modules shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or modules may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode.
In summary, the present application provides a high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a dual Y-type on-chip antenna and a mixing method, wherein the subharmonic mixer includes a dielectric substrate, a lens, a dual Y-type slot circuit and a high temperature superconducting josephson junction; the lens is arranged on one side of the medium substrate, the double Y-type slot circuit and the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction are arranged on one side of the medium substrate opposite to the lens, the local oscillation signal and the radio-frequency signal are controlled to enter the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction through the coupling of the lens and an antenna formed by the double Y-type slot circuit, the frequency mixing is carried out, and the intermediate-frequency signal generated by the frequency mixing is output through the cascade filter network. The subharmonic mixer based on the high-temperature superconducting technology is manufactured through the double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna with a simple structure and the related filter network, and the mixing processing function of the subharmonic mixer is realized, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double-Y-shaped on-chip antenna is characterized by comprising a medium substrate, a lens, a double-Y-shaped slit circuit and a high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction;
the lens is mounted on one side of the medium substrate, and the double Y-type slot circuit and the high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction are mounted on the opposite side of the medium substrate from the lens; the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal are coupled through an antenna formed by a lens and the double Y-shaped slot circuit and enter a high-temperature superconducting Josephson junction to be subjected to frequency mixing processing, and the frequency mixing generates a required intermediate frequency signal.
2. The subharmonic mixer of claim 1 wherein the dual Y-slot circuit comprises a dual Y-slot on-chip antenna, the length of each of the four branch slots of the dual Y-slot on-chip antenna is one quarter of the wavelength of the radio frequency signal, and the included angle between each two adjacent branch slots of the four branch slots is 90 degrees.
3. The subharmonic mixer of claim 2 wherein the double Y-slot circuit further comprises an intermediate slot having a length of 2 to 5 microns.
4. The subharmonic mixer of claim 2 wherein the double Y-slot circuit further comprises a stepped high and low impedance line disposed on one side of the center of symmetry of the double Y-slot of the antenna on the double Y-slice.
5. The subharmonic mixer of claim 4 wherein the stepped high and low impedance lines comprise first and second order impedance lines, the gap width between the first and second order impedance lines being one quarter of the wavelength of the radio frequency signal.
6. The subharmonic mixer of claim 4 wherein the double Y-slot circuit comprises a cascaded filter network disposed on a side of a center of symmetry of the double Y-slot opposite the stepped high and low impedance line.
7. The subharmonic mixer of claim 6 wherein the cascaded filter network comprises coplanar waveguide low and high impedance lines.
8. A mixing method applied to a high temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on a double Y-type on-chip antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the subharmonic mixer comprising a dielectric substrate, a lens mounted on one side of the dielectric substrate, a double Y-type slot circuit and a high temperature superconducting josephson junction mounted on the opposite side of the dielectric substrate from the lens, the method comprising:
and controlling the local oscillation signal and the radio frequency signal to enter a Josephson junction through the coupling of the lens and an antenna formed by the double Y-shaped slot circuit, and mixing the frequency signals by using a frequency mixing algorithm to generate an intermediate frequency signal.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the mixing algorithm is:
fo＝fi±2fL
wherein fo is the frequency of the output intermediate frequency signal, fi is the frequency of the radio frequency signal, and fL is the frequency of the local oscillator signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210553551.5A CN115051652B (en) | 2022-05-20 | 2022-05-20 | High-temperature superconducting subharmonic mixer based on double Y-shaped on-chip antennas and mixing method |
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