CN115051444A - Intelligent charging and discharging device and method for storage battery - Google Patents
Intelligent charging and discharging device and method for storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010278 pulse charging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent charging and discharging device and method for a storage battery, which relate to the technical field of storage batteries and comprise the following specific steps: grading the storage batteries based on the charging curves of the storage batteries in the storage battery pack; acquiring the ambient temperature, and performing charging stage division on each storage battery according to the ambient temperature and the division level; the storage batteries of all levels in the same stage are charged in a time-sharing staggered manner, and the charging data of all the storage batteries are monitored in real time; adjusting a charging scheme and monitoring the state of each storage battery according to the charging data of each storage battery; the invention divides the charging process of the storage battery into different stages according to the charging curve of the storage battery, monitors the storage battery in real time through the detection device, automatically changes the charging state, enables the storage battery to be charged reasonably and quickly, and can quickly isolate the damaged battery according to the isolation device, thereby ensuring the stability of the storage battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of storage batteries, in particular to an intelligent storage battery charging and discharging device and method.
Background
The storage battery is used as a chemical power supply with reliable performance and is widely applied to the industrial fields of electric power systems, transportation, portable electronic products and the like. Particularly, in the departments of national defense, telecommunication, finance and the like, a storage battery is one of the key components of the systems as a backup power source of the systems.
However, the battery has a problem of short service life, and as the number of times of charging increases, the service life gradually decreases, and the battery is finally discarded. The charging process of the battery has the greatest influence on the service life of the battery, and the discharging process of the battery has smaller influence. That is, most batteries are not bad, but are "bad" when charged. It can be seen that a good charging method has a significant effect on the service life of the storage battery. Although there are many existing charging methods, there is a disadvantage that the charging and discharging process is lack of intelligent control, so it is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve to design a device for automatically determining the charging and discharging process and automatically switching the charging and discharging stage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an intelligent charging and discharging device and method for a storage battery, which solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an intelligent charging and discharging method for a storage battery comprises the following specific steps:
grading the storage batteries based on the charging curves of the storage batteries in the storage battery pack;
acquiring the ambient temperature, and performing charging stage division on each storage battery according to the ambient temperature and the division level;
the storage batteries of all levels in the same stage are charged in a time-sharing staggered manner, and the charging data of all the storage batteries are monitored in real time;
and adjusting the charging scheme and monitoring the state of each storage battery according to the charging data of each storage battery.
Optionally, the specific steps of the grade division are as follows: and acquiring a charging curve of each storage battery, and dividing each storage battery in the storage battery pack into different grades according to a preset time threshold.
Optionally, each battery charging phase includes: when the ambient temperature is normal, the method comprises the following steps: a constant voltage charging stage, a variable pulse width pulse charging stage and a trickle charging stage; when the ambient temperature is abnormal, the method comprises the following steps: constant current charging stage, variable pulse width pulse charging stage and floating charging stage.
Optionally, the intelligent charging and discharging method for the storage battery further comprises discharge balancing, and the method comprises the following specific steps: in the discharging process, when the voltage difference of the storage battery packs of any two grades is larger than a preset threshold value, any storage battery pack is disconnected until the voltages of the storage battery packs of any two grades are the same, and then any storage battery pack is connected.
Optionally, the specific steps of monitoring the state of the storage battery are as follows:
s41, acquiring the charging data of each storage battery;
s42, judging whether the temperature of the storage battery is normal or not, and if so, executing S41; if the internal resistance of the storage battery is abnormal, calculating the internal resistance of the storage battery;
s43, if the internal resistance of the storage battery is larger than the preset value, judging whether the capacity of the storage battery reaches a scrapping index; if the internal resistance of the storage battery is not greater than the preset value, executing S41;
s44, if the capacity of the storage battery reaches the scrapping index, isolating the storage battery; if the battery capacity does not reach the scrapping index, S41 is executed.
An intelligent charging and discharging device for a storage battery comprises: the system comprises a microcontroller, a storage battery pack, a grade differentiation device, an intelligent charging device, an equalization device, a detection device and a temperature compensation device; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the grade differentiation device, the intelligent charging device, the equalization device, the detection device and the temperature compensation device; and the storage battery pack is respectively connected with the detection device, the intelligent charging device and the equalizing device.
Optionally, the detection device includes a current detection device, a voltage detection device, and a temperature detection device; the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are all controlled by the microcontroller, and the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are all electrically connected with the storage battery pack.
Optionally, the temperature detection device includes an ambient temperature measurement device and a battery temperature measurement device; the environment temperature measuring device is connected with the microcontroller; the battery temperature measuring device is connected with the microcontroller, and the battery temperature measuring device is electrically connected with the storage battery pack.
Optionally, the intelligent charging device includes a constant voltage module, a pulse module, and a backflow module; the constant voltage module pulse module the backward flow module all receives microcontroller control, the constant voltage module the pulse module the backward flow module all with storage battery connects.
Optionally, the storage battery pack further comprises an isolation device, the isolation device is controlled by the microcontroller, and the isolation device is connected in parallel to two ends of each storage battery of the storage battery pack
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the intelligent charging and discharging device and the intelligent charging and discharging method for the storage battery are characterized in that different stages are divided in the charging process of the storage battery according to the charging curve of the storage battery, the storage battery is monitored in real time through the detection device, the charging stages are automatically changed, the storage battery is reasonably and quickly charged, meanwhile, the damaged battery can be quickly isolated according to the isolation device, and the stability of the storage battery is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an intelligent charging and discharging method for a storage battery, which comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:
s1, grading the storage batteries based on the charging curves of the storage batteries in the storage battery pack;
s2, acquiring the ambient temperature, and performing charging stage division on each storage battery according to the ambient temperature and the division level;
s3, performing time-sharing staggered charging on the storage batteries of all levels in the same stage, and monitoring the charging data of all the storage batteries in real time;
and S4, adjusting the charging scheme and monitoring the state of each storage battery according to the charging data of each storage battery.
The specific steps of S1 are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a charging curve of each storage battery, and dividing each storage battery in a storage battery pack into different grades according to a preset time threshold or a preset voltage threshold, wherein the time threshold is determined according to the charging voltage of the storage battery.
The specific steps of S1 are as follows:
when the ambient temperature is normal, the method comprises the following steps: the constant voltage charging stage, the variable pulse width pulse charging stage and the trickle charging stage are specifically as follows:
constant voltage charging is adopted in the initial charging stage, so that the storage battery is ensured to be in a recovery process; then, a variable pulse width pulse charging stage is adopted to ensure that the storage batteries can be charged stably and quickly, and meanwhile, the variable pulse width charging is carried out on the storage batteries according to the monitoring data of each storage battery, so that the required rest time is applied to the batteries, the charge acceptance ratio is improved, the quick charging is realized, the polarization effect of the batteries is eliminated, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged; in the final charging stage, a trickle charging mode is adopted to ensure that the battery can be charged to a peak state, and simultaneously, battery parameters are reserved.
When the environmental temperature is abnormal, the method is divided into the following steps: a constant current charging stage, a variable pulse width pulse charging stage and a floating charging stage; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in the initial charging stage, a constant-current charging stage is adopted, and the temperature rise in the battery can be accelerated through large-current charging, so that the battery is not influenced by the ambient temperature, the charging efficiency is improved, and the charging time is shortened; then, in the variable pulse width pulse charging stage, the storage battery is charged in variable pulse width, and the rest time meeting the requirement is applied to the battery so as to improve the charge acceptance ratio, realize quick charging, eliminate the polarization effect of the battery and prolong the service life of the battery; at the end of charging, the battery can reach a fully charged state, and the capacity loss during shelving is compensated.
In the present embodiment, when the ambient temperature is abnormal, the temperature compensation is performed on the battery.
The embodiment also comprises a discharging process, under the condition of no load, the microcontroller intelligently adjusts the discharging process of the storage battery, and the leakage current of the storage battery is controlled within the self-emission range. During the process of the battery slowly releasing the leakage current, the microcontroller will not charge the battery. The charging of the battery is started after the discharging of the storage battery reaches a certain magnitude.
Under the condition of load, the discharge current of the storage battery is controlled within a certain range mainly under the intelligent regulation of the microcontroller; and when the voltage difference of the storage battery packs of any two grades is larger than a preset threshold, disconnecting the storage battery pack with lower voltage until the voltages of the storage battery packs of any two grades are the same, and then connecting the storage battery pack with lower voltage.
The specific steps of monitoring the state of the storage battery in the step S4 are as follows:
s41, acquiring the charging data of each storage battery;
s42, judging whether the temperature of the storage battery is normal or not, and if so, executing S41; if the internal resistance of the storage battery is abnormal, calculating the internal resistance of the storage battery;
s43, if the internal resistance of the storage battery is larger than the preset value, judging whether the capacity of the storage battery reaches a scrapping index; if the internal resistance of the storage battery is not greater than the preset value, executing S41;
s44, if the capacity of the storage battery reaches the scrapping index, isolating the storage battery; if the battery capacity does not reach the scrapping index, S41 is executed.
In another embodiment, the intelligent charging and discharging device for the storage battery is further included, as shown in fig. 2, the intelligent charging and discharging device for the storage battery includes: the system comprises a microcontroller, a storage battery pack, a grade differentiation device, an intelligent charging device, an equalization device, a detection device and a temperature compensation device; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the grade differentiation device, the intelligent charging device, the equalization device, the detection device and the temperature compensation device; and the storage battery pack is respectively connected with the detection device, the intelligent charging device and the equalizing device.
The detection device comprises a current detection device, a voltage detection device and a temperature detection device; the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are all controlled by the microcontroller, and the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are all electrically connected with the storage battery pack.
Furthermore, the temperature detection device comprises an environment temperature measuring device and a battery temperature measuring device; the environment temperature measuring device is connected with the microcontroller; the battery temperature measuring device is connected with the microcontroller, and the battery temperature measuring device is electrically connected with the storage battery pack.
The intelligent charging device comprises a constant voltage module, a pulse module and a backflow module; the constant voltage module pulse module the backward flow module all receives microcontroller control, the constant voltage module the pulse module the backward flow module all with storage battery connects.
In another embodiment, the battery pack further comprises an isolation device, wherein the isolation device is controlled by the microcontroller, and the isolation device is connected in parallel to two ends of each storage battery of the battery pack.
In another embodiment, the system further comprises a current supplementing module, and when the voltage difference between any two grades of storage battery packs is larger than a preset threshold, the current supplementing module supplements current for the storage battery pack with low voltage, so that the performance reduction of the whole storage battery pack caused by the over-discharge of the storage battery pack is prevented, and the cyclic utilization of electric energy is realized.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent charging and discharging method for a storage battery is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
grading the storage batteries based on the charging curves of the storage batteries in the storage battery pack;
acquiring the ambient temperature, and performing charging stage division on each storage battery according to the ambient temperature and the division level;
the storage batteries of all levels in the same stage are charged in a time-sharing staggered manner, and the charging data of all the storage batteries are monitored in real time;
and adjusting the charging scheme and monitoring the state of each storage battery according to the charging data of each storage battery.
2. The intelligent charging and discharging method for the storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific steps of grading are as follows: and acquiring a charging curve of each storage battery, and dividing each storage battery in the storage battery pack into different grades according to a preset time threshold.
3. The intelligent charging and discharging method for the storage battery according to claim 1, wherein each storage battery charging stage comprises: when the ambient temperature is normal, the method comprises the following steps: a constant voltage charging stage, a variable pulse width pulse charging stage and a trickle charging stage; when the ambient temperature is abnormal, the method comprises the following steps: constant current charging stage, variable pulse width pulse charging stage and floating charging stage.
4. The intelligent charging and discharging method for the storage battery according to claim 1, further comprising discharge equalization, comprising the specific steps of: in the discharging process, when the voltage difference of the storage battery packs of any two grades is larger than a preset threshold value, any storage battery pack is disconnected until the voltages of the storage battery packs of any two grades are the same, and then any storage battery pack is connected.
5. The intelligent storage battery charging and discharging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage battery state monitoring comprises the following specific steps:
s41, acquiring the charging data of each storage battery;
s42, judging whether the temperature of the storage battery is normal or not, and if so, executing S41; if the internal resistance of the storage battery is abnormal, calculating the internal resistance of the storage battery;
s43, if the internal resistance of the storage battery is larger than the preset value, judging whether the capacity of the storage battery reaches a scrapping index; if the internal resistance of the storage battery is not greater than the preset value, executing S41;
s44, if the capacity of the storage battery reaches the scrapping index, isolating the storage battery; if the battery capacity does not reach the scrapping index, S41 is executed.
6. The utility model provides a battery intelligence charge-discharge device which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a microcontroller, a storage battery pack, a grade differentiation device, an intelligent charging device, an equalization device, a detection device and a temperature compensation device; the microcontroller is respectively connected with the grade differentiation device, the intelligent charging device, the equalization device, the detection device and the temperature compensation device; the storage battery pack is respectively connected with the detection device, the intelligent charging device and the equalizing device.
7. The intelligent charging and discharging device for the storage battery as claimed in claim 6, wherein the detection device comprises a current detection device, a voltage detection device and a temperature detection device; the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are all controlled by the microcontroller, and the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are all electrically connected with the storage battery pack.
8. The intelligent charging and discharging device for the storage battery as claimed in claim 7, wherein the temperature detection device comprises an ambient temperature measurement device and a battery temperature measurement device; the environment temperature measuring device is connected with the microcontroller; the battery temperature measuring device is connected with the microcontroller, and the battery temperature measuring device is electrically connected with the storage battery pack.
9. The intelligent charging and discharging device for the storage battery as claimed in claim 6, wherein the intelligent charging device comprises a constant voltage module, a pulse module and a backflow module; the constant voltage module pulse module the backward flow module all receives microcontroller control, the constant voltage module the pulse module the backward flow module all with storage battery connects.
10. The intelligent storage battery charging and discharging device according to claim 6, further comprising an isolating device, wherein the isolating device is controlled by the microcontroller, and the isolating device is connected in parallel to two ends of each storage battery of the storage battery pack.
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