CN115046446A - Large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging presplitting blasting method - Google Patents
Large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging presplitting blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115046446A CN115046446A CN202210753555.8A CN202210753555A CN115046446A CN 115046446 A CN115046446 A CN 115046446A CN 202210753555 A CN202210753555 A CN 202210753555A CN 115046446 A CN115046446 A CN 115046446A
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- Prior art keywords
- hole
- explosive
- blast
- blasting
- charge
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000009537 plain noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging presplitting blasting method, which comprises the following steps: step 1: the construction of opening a buffer hole, a main blast hole and a smooth surface hole is carried out on the pre-explosion site; step 2: transporting the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive and manufacturing a blasting charge; and step 3: preassemble No. 2 rock emulsion explosive about 1 meter at the smooth surface hole bottom, install PVC tube to the hole bottom and connect with direct joint. Has the advantages that: the invention adopts a PVC pipe continuous non-coupling explosive charging structure, only uses two electronic detonators to detonate the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in the pipe, replaces the traditional explosive cord discontinuous non-coupling explosive charging structure, greatly reduces the blasting material and labor cost, and achieves the expected blasting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strip mine mining pre-splitting blasting, in particular to a large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging pre-splitting blasting method.
Background
When the target strip mine is mined to the final stage, the blasting operation relates to the problem of protecting the slope stability, the presplitting blasting is to drill a row of parallel deep holes with small hole distance along the designed excavation outline, the explosive loading amount is reduced, a non-coupling explosive loading structure is adopted, the blasting is simultaneously carried out before the blasting of main blasting holes in an excavation area, a flat presplitting is formed in the direction of a connecting line between the row of presplitting holes, and after the presplitting is formed, the main blasting holes and the buffering blasting holes are blasted.
However, the current blasting method has the following problems: 1. the joint between the previous blasting smooth surface hole and the next blasting smooth surface hole is easy to generate crack, so that the rock wall is uneven and even overexcavable; 2. when the cannon area is uneven, especially the altitude difference is too large, the opening direction of the drill hole is inaccurate, so that the deviation of the drill hole angle is large, and the hole bottom is not on the same straight line; 3. the last row of smooth surface holes are easy to punch and are not safe; 4. the drillers have different proficiency and technical levels, so that the drilling angle cannot meet the design requirement, the forward inclination of part of blast holes after blasting is large, and the step width is insufficient; 5. the bottom of the smooth hole and the cushion hole is not enough to strengthen the explosive charge, and root bottom is easy to generate; 6. the excessive hole distance causes overbreak, and the unevenness exceeds 30 cm; 7. the width of the shot area is insufficient, so that a main shot hole and a buffer hole cannot be locally arranged, and the block rate is increased after blasting by only arranging a smooth hole; 8. when the rock mass is broken, the half-porosity of the blasting is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method for large-aperture continuous uncoupled charge presplitting blasting.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging presplitting blasting method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the construction of opening a buffer hole, a main blast hole and a smooth surface hole is carried out on the pre-explosion site;
step 2: transporting the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive and manufacturing a blasting charge;
and step 3: preassembling No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with the bottom of the smooth hole being about 1 meter, mounting a PVC pipe to the bottom of the hole and connecting the PVC pipe with the PVC pipe by using a direct connector;
and 4, step 4: filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a blast hole of 1/3 by using a funnel, then putting a detonating cartridge bag, and continuously filling the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a blast hole of 2/3;
and 5: putting a second initiating explosive bag, filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a position 1.8 meters away from the orifice of the blast hole, filling the bag outside the pipe and weaving the bag to a position 1.8 meters away from the orifice of the blast hole;
step 6: and (4) filling the drill cuttings into the hole openings in the pipe and outside the pipe, and then connecting, warning and detonating.
Furthermore, when arranging the blast holes in step 1, 5 smooth holes are reserved without arranging a buffer hole and a main blast hole in front, and the next blast hole is tightly connected, so that the problem that the joint between the previous blast smooth hole and the next blast smooth hole is easy to crack, and the rock wall is uneven and even overexcavable is solved.
Furthermore, the breaker is used for assisting in cleaning the blast positions in the step 1, the flatness of a blast area is improved, the height difference is reduced, and meanwhile, when the main blast body is thick and the rows of blast holes are large, smooth blasting is used, and presplitting blasting is used when the rows are small and the integrity of rock mass is poor, so that the final detonation quality can be effectively ensured, and the expected detonation effect is achieved.
Furthermore, in the step 1, the old belt is adopted when the holes are formed, so that the technical training of drillers is enhanced, the drilling quality is strictly required, the drilling process is strictly controlled, and the excavation quality of the holes can be effectively ensured.
Further, the basic parameters of blasting are as follows: the hole diameter of a main gun hole is 121mm, the step height is 20m, the hole depth is 22m, the ultra-deep is 2m, the charge length is 20.2m, the charge amount is 16.2kg, the packing length is 1.8m, the smooth hole pitch is 2.2m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.4m, the smooth hole and buffer hole row pitch is 2m, the main gun hole pitch is 6.5m, the row pitch is 4.5m, the buffer hole row pitch is 4.5m, the drilling angle is 80 degrees, the outer diameter of a PVC pipe is 50mm, the inner diameter is 46mm, the decoupling coefficient is 2.6, the linear charge density is 0.8kg/m, a pre-splitting hole is firstly detonated, the time delay time difference with the main gun hole is more than or equal to 100ms, the time delay between the main gun hole and the buffer hole is followed by detonation, the hole time delay is 17ms, the row time delay is 42ms, and the expected effect of the detonation can be improved on the premise of ensuring the detonation safety by strictly controlling the initiation parameters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a PVC pipe continuous non-coupling charging structure, only uses two electronic detonators to detonate the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive in the pipe, replaces the traditional explosive cord discontinuous non-coupling charging structure, greatly reduces the blasting material and labor cost, and achieves the expected blasting effect.
Detailed Description
The large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging presplitting blasting method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out construction on a buffer hole, a main shot hole and a smooth hole on a pre-explosion site;
step 2: transporting the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive and manufacturing an initiating explosive package;
and step 3: preassembling No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with the bottom of the smooth hole being about 1 meter, mounting a PVC pipe to the bottom of the hole and connecting the PVC pipe with the PVC pipe by using a direct connector;
and 4, step 4: filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a blast hole of 1/3 by using a funnel, then putting a detonating cartridge bag, and continuously filling the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a blast hole of 2/3;
and 5: putting a second initiating explosive bag, filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a position 1.8 meters away from the orifice of the blast hole, filling the bag outside the pipe and weaving the bag to a position 1.8 meters away from the orifice of the blast hole;
step 6: and (4) filling the drill cuttings into the hole openings in the pipe and outside the pipe, and then connecting, warning and detonating.
In this embodiment, when arranging the big gun hole in step 1, reserve 5 preceding buffer holes and the main big gun hole of not arranging of plain noodles hole, link up closely when next big gun cloth hole, can effectively avoid the junction between preceding big gun plain noodles hole and the next big gun plain noodles hole to produce the spalling like this, cause the rock-wall unevenness even to surpass to dig too big problem.
In this embodiment, the breaker is used for assisting in cleaning the blast position in step 1, so that the flatness of the blast area is improved, the height difference is reduced, and meanwhile, when the main blast body is thick and the rows of blast holes are large, smooth blasting is used, and presplitting blasting is used when the rows are small and the integrity of the rock body is poor, so that the final detonation quality can be effectively ensured, and the expected detonation effect can be achieved.
In this embodiment, in step 1, when the hole is opened, the old belt is adopted, so that the technical training of a driller is enhanced, the drilling quality is strictly required, the drilling process is strictly controlled, and the excavation quality of the hole can be effectively ensured.
In this example, the basic parameters of blasting were as follows: the hole diameter of a main gun hole is 121mm, the step height is 20m, the hole depth is 22m, the ultra-deep is 2m, the charge length is 20.2m, the charge amount is 16.2kg, the packing length is 1.8m, the smooth hole pitch is 2.2m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.4m, the smooth hole and buffer hole row pitch is 2m, the main gun hole pitch is 6.5m, the row pitch is 4.5m, the buffer hole row pitch is 4.5m, the drilling angle is 80 degrees, the outer diameter of a PVC pipe is 50mm, the inner diameter is 46mm, the decoupling coefficient is 2.6, the linear charge density is 0.8kg/m, a pre-splitting hole is firstly detonated, the time delay time difference with the main gun hole is more than or equal to 100ms, the time delay between the main gun hole and the buffer hole is followed by detonation, the hole time delay is 17ms, the row time delay is 42ms, and the expected effect of the detonation can be improved on the premise of ensuring the detonation safety by strictly controlling the initiation parameters.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. The large-aperture continuous non-coupling charging presplitting blasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: the construction of opening a buffer hole, a main blast hole and a smooth surface hole is carried out on the pre-explosion site;
step 2: transporting the explosive and the detonator to the site, distributing the explosive and manufacturing a blasting charge;
and step 3: preassembling No. 2 rock emulsion explosive with the bottom of the smooth hole being about 1 meter, mounting a PVC pipe to the bottom of the hole and connecting the PVC pipe with the PVC pipe by using a direct connector;
and 4, step 4: filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a blast hole of 1/3 by using a funnel, then putting a detonating cartridge bag, and continuously filling the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a blast hole of 2/3;
and 5: putting a second initiating explosive bag, filling expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to a position 1.8 meters away from the orifice of the blast hole, filling the bag outside the pipe and weaving the bag to a position 1.8 meters away from the orifice of the blast hole;
step 6: and (4) filling the drill cuttings into the hole openings in the pipe and outside the pipe, and then connecting, warning and detonating.
2. The method of large aperture continuous uncoupled charge presplitting blasting of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, when arranging blast holes, 5 smooth holes are reserved in front of which no buffer hole and no main blast hole are arranged, and the next blast holes are tightly connected.
3. The method of large aperture continuous uncoupled charge presplitting blasting of claim 1, wherein: and (2) assisting by using a crusher when cleaning the blast positions in the step (1), improving the flatness of a blast area, reducing the height difference, and simultaneously using smooth blasting when the main blast body is thick and the rows of blast holes are more, and using presplitting blasting when the rows are less and the integrity of a rock body is poorer.
4. The method of large aperture continuous uncoupled charge presplitting blasting of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the old belt is adopted when the holes are formed, so that the technical training of drillers is enhanced, the drilling quality is strictly required, and the drilling process is strictly controlled.
5. The method of large aperture continuous uncoupled charge presplitting blasting of claim 1, wherein: the basic parameters of blasting are as follows: the hole diameter of a main gun hole is 121mm, the step height is 20m, the hole depth is 22m, the ultra-deep is 2m, the charge length is 20.2m, the charge amount is 16.2kg, the packing length is 1.8m, the smooth hole pitch is 2.2m, the buffer hole pitch is 4.4m, the smooth hole and buffer hole row pitch is 2m, the main gun hole pitch is 6.5m, the row pitch is 4.5m, the buffer hole row pitch is 4.5m, the drilling angle is 80 degrees, the outer diameter of a PVC pipe is 50mm, the inner diameter is 46mm, the decoupling coefficient is 2.6, the linear charge density is 0.8kg/m, a pre-split hole is firstly detonated, the time delay time of the pre-split hole is greater than or equal to 100ms, the time delay time of the main gun hole and the buffer hole is then detonated, the hole delay time is 17ms, and the row delay time is 42 ms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210753555.8A CN115046446B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210753555.8A CN115046446B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115046446A true CN115046446A (en) | 2022-09-13 |
| CN115046446B CN115046446B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN202210753555.8A Active CN115046446B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Large-aperture continuous uncoupled charging pre-splitting blasting method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110779403A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-02-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Hole-by-hole initiation presplitting blasting crack forming method for open-air deep hole step presplitting hole under complex environment |
| CN113670150A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-19 | 苏州中车建设工程有限公司 | Safe and efficient composite blasting method for urban railway tunnel |
| CN214950943U (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中铁五局集团贵州工程有限公司 | A all round hole loaded constitution for plain noodles control blasting |
| CN215864925U (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-02-18 | 中核华辰建筑工程有限公司 | Deep hole blasting base plane protection device |
-
2022
- 2022-06-28 CN CN202210753555.8A patent/CN115046446B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110779403A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-02-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Hole-by-hole initiation presplitting blasting crack forming method for open-air deep hole step presplitting hole under complex environment |
| CN113670150A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-19 | 苏州中车建设工程有限公司 | Safe and efficient composite blasting method for urban railway tunnel |
| CN215864925U (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-02-18 | 中核华辰建筑工程有限公司 | Deep hole blasting base plane protection device |
| CN214950943U (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中铁五局集团贵州工程有限公司 | A all round hole loaded constitution for plain noodles control blasting |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张震宇: "刚果（金）"露天金属矿预裂爆破技术", 现代矿业, no. 5, pages 238 - 240 * |
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| CN115046446B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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