CN115043810A - 一种非金属催化的不对称碳氢键氧化制备手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法 - Google Patents
一种非金属催化的不对称碳氢键氧化制备手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115043810A CN115043810A CN202110257526.8A CN202110257526A CN115043810A CN 115043810 A CN115043810 A CN 115043810A CN 202110257526 A CN202110257526 A CN 202110257526A CN 115043810 A CN115043810 A CN 115043810A
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- aryl
- chiral
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- -1 amide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004428 fluoroalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PGSADBUBUOPOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N neutral red Chemical group Cl.C1=C(C)C(N)=CC2=NC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 PGSADBUBUOPOJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CBDKQYKMCICBOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CS1 CBDKQYKMCICBOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=N1 GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- QNNHQVPFZIFNFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=N1 QNNHQVPFZIFNFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZKOGUIGAVNCCKH-QMMMGPOBSA-N (4r)-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical class O1C(=O)OC[C@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKOGUIGAVNCCKH-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEUULUMEYIPECD-VIFPVBQESA-N (5s)-5-phenyloxolan-2-one Chemical class O1C(=O)CC[C@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 AEUULUMEYIPECD-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ARILQDNHZGKJBK-QMMMGPOBSA-N (5r)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)NC[C@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 ARILQDNHZGKJBK-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEJJHQNACJXSKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)N1C1CCC(=O)NC1=O UEJJHQNACJXSKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAKMMQSMEDJRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride Chemical class FC(F)(F)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 WAKMMQSMEDJRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZVKSFBOPQYWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole;pyridine Chemical compound C1CN=CO1.C1=CC=NC=C1 PZVKSFBOPQYWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRGSXVMWDLUSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazole;pyridine Chemical compound C1CN=CN1.C1=CC=NC=C1 VRGSXVMWDLUSIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXZYBOLWRXENKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chloride Chemical class FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 OXZYBOLWRXENKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 1
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004199 4-trifluoromethylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JHKXZYLNVJRAAJ-WDSKDSINSA-N Met-Ala Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O JHKXZYLNVJRAAJ-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical class ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006664 bond formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960003433 thalidomide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/34—Oxygen atoms
- C07D317/36—Alkylene carbonates; Substituted alkylene carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D263/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D263/18—Oxygen atoms
- C07D263/20—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2
- C07D263/22—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D307/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/32—Oxygen atoms
- C07D307/33—Oxygen atoms in position 2, the oxygen atom being in its keto or unsubstituted enol form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种非金属催化的不对称碳氢键氧化制备手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法:以式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物为原料,在可见光源下,有机染料为光催化剂,手性双齿化合物为手性添加剂,在有机碱的作用下,反应制得式Ⅱ所示的手性碳氢键氧化产物。本发明首次提出采用非金属的方法来合成手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法,可以无金属的条件下制备具有光学活性的手性二醇衍生物,原料来源易得,节约成本,反应条件温和,操作简便,原子经济性高。且反应的转化率也较好,一般均可达到80%,对映体选择性也较高,一般为80%~95%。
Description
技术领域
本方法涉及一种非金属催化的C(sp3)-H氧化制备手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法,尤其是通过该方法可以无金属的条件下制备具有光学活性的手性二醇衍生物。
背景技术
手性是自然界的一种基本属性,“沙利度胺事件”使人们逐渐认识到了手性的重要性。邻二醇结构广泛存在于天然产物、生物活性化合物中,在合成化学中的也起到了重要作用。[a)Kagan,H.B.;Riant,O. Chem.Rev.1992,92,1007;b)Sakai,K.;Suemune,H.Tetrahedron: Asymm.1993,4,2109;c)Bhowmick,K.C.;Joshi,N.N.Tetrahedron:Asymm.2006,17,1901;d)Song,Z.-L.;Fan,C.-A.;Tu,Y.-Q.Chem.Rev. 2011,111,7523;e)Díaz-de-Villegas,M.D.;Gálvez,R.Badorrey,J.A.; López-Ram-de-Víu,M.P.Chem.Eur.J.2012,18,13920.]在大多数情况下,这些化合物的立体结构可以影响它们的转化和生物活性。
[Sekhon,B.S.J.Mod.Med.Chem.2013,1,10.]
不对称碳氢键氧化反应由于具有原子经济性,操作简单,底物适用范围广等优点,是最有效的获得手性羟基化合物的方法之一。控制碳氢键氧化反应的选择性很有挑战性,目前已经建立了两种C-O键形成的反应模式,各种手性过渡金属配合物或酶催化的C(sp3)-H键的金属氧插入C-H键被报道用于C-O键的合成。[a)Milan,M.;Bietti,M.;CostasM.Chem.Commun.2018,54,9559;b)Zheng,C.;You,S.-L.RSC Adv.,2014,4,6173]
上述反应中都涉及金属的参与,非金属的不对称碳氢键氧化反应还未见报道。因此,发展非金属的不对称氧化体系,实现高对映体选择性的非活化C-H的不对称氧化反应具有重要的研究价值和意义。
发明内容
现有技术中已有报道的方法中,如果要合成特定构型的手性C-H 键氧化化合物,催化方法必须含有金属或者用到含金属的酶,目前尚没有采用非金属体系实现不对称C-H键氧化的报道。
本发明通过使用已知的手性双齿配体与有机小分子光催化剂催化不对称C(sp3)-H氧化反应,可以获得很好的转化率与对映体选择性,本方法的使用底物范围广,具有很好的官能团容忍性,且通过该方法可以简单的合成有用的药物分子中间体。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种非金属催化的不对称碳氢键氧化制备手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法,所述方法为:以式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物为原料,在可见光源下,有机染料为光催化剂,手性双齿化合物为手性添加剂,在有机碱的作用下,反应制得式Ⅱ所示的手性碳氢键氧化产物;
式Ⅱ中,*代表手性碳原子。
本发明的反应式可用下式表示:
式Ⅰ和式Ⅱ中,R1为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基或环烯基、 C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基,
R2、R3、R4任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12 的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
R1、R2是不同的取代基。
所述R1、R2、R3、R4中,所述C1~C12的的烷基上的H不被取代或被1个以上的取代基A取代,所述取代基A为C1~C6的烷氧基、C1~C6的硅氧基、C1-C4氟烷氧基、卤素、羟基、C1~C3的醛基、C1~C3的羧基、氨基、C1~C3的酯基、酰胺基、苯基或萘基。
所述R1、R2、R3中,所述C3~C12的环烷基或环烯基、C6~C20 的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基上的H不被取代或被一个以上的取代基B取代,所述取代基B为C1~C6的烷基、C1~C6 的烷氧基、C1~C6的硅氧基、C1-C4氟烷基、C1-C4氟烷氧基、卤素、羟基、C1~C3的醛基、C1~C3的羧基、氨基、C1~C3的酯基、酰胺基、苯基或萘基。
或R1、R3连接成环,形成C5~C8的环烷基,优选R1、R3连接成环,形成环己烷。
X任选自CR5R6、NR7、O原子;所述R5、R6各自独立为H、C1~C6 的烷基或苯基,优选R5、R6均为H;所述R7为H、C1~C6的烷基或苯基,优选为H或苯基。
进一步,所述R1优选为C1~C6的烷基、C3~C6的环烷基或环烯基、苯基、萘基、噻吩基、吡啶基或苯基上有1~3个取代基B的取代苯基;所述取代苯基上的取代基B优选为C1~C6的烷基、C1~ C6的烷氧基、C1~C6的硅氧基、C1-C4氟烷基、C1-C4氟烷氧基或卤素。进一步优选R1为叔丁基、环己烯基、苯基、萘基、2,6-二甲基苯基、对氟苯基、对溴苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、4-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基-苯基、对甲基苯基、次甲基苯基、邻甲基苯基、4-苯并噻吩基或噻吩基。
进一步,所述R2、R3、R4优选为氢、C1~C6的烷基、苯基或萘基;更优选为氢或C1~C6的烷基,更优选为H、甲基或乙基。
式Ⅰ中的保护基Pg为苯甲酰基、对三氟甲基苯甲酰基、3,5-二三氟甲基苯甲酰基、对甲苯磺酰基或乙酰基,优选对三氟甲基苯甲酰基。
所述光催化剂为有机染料,所述有机染料优选为中性红、DPZ(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2015,54,11443)或孟加拉玫瑰红,更优选中性红。
所述手性添加剂为手性双齿化合物,如式III所示的双齿噁唑啉或双齿噻唑啉、式IV所示的联噁唑啉、式V所示联咪唑啉、式VI 所示的吡啶噁唑啉、式VII所示的吡啶咪唑啉等含氮的化合物。
式Ⅲ中,Y任选自O、S原子。Y为O原子时,式III所示即为双齿噁唑啉,Y为S原子时,式III所示即为双齿噻唑啉。*代表手性碳原子。
式Ⅲ中,R8、R9任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基。 R10为C1~C12的烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基。
优选R8为氢或C1~C12的烷基,更优选为C1~C6的烷基。
优选R9为H。
优选R10为C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基,更优选为苯基、苄基或异丙基。
式Ⅳ中,R11为氢或C1~C12的烷基。R12为C1~C12的烷基、 C3~C12的环烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基。*代表手性碳原子。
进一步,优选R11为H。
优选R12为C1~C12的烷基或C3~C12的环烷基,更优选为异丙基或环己基。
式V中,R13、R14任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基或C6~C20的芳基。R15为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基、 C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基。*代表手性碳原子。
进一步,优选R13为C3~C12的环烷基或C6~C20的芳基,更优选为3,5-二叔丁基苯基、苯基、3-叔丁基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、3,5- 二甲基苯基、3,5-二氯苯基、3,5-二(对丁基苯基)苯基、联苯基、 3,5-二(苯基)苯基或环己基,最优选为3,5-二叔丁基苯基。
优选R14为H。
优选R15为C1~C12的烷基或C3~C12的环烷基,更优选为环己基。
进一步,优选所述式V为下列式V-10所示的化合物。
所述式VI中,R16、R17、R18、R19、R20任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基。R21为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基、 C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基。*代表手性碳原子。
进一步,优选R16为H或C1~C6的烷基;R17、R18、R19优选为 H。
优选R20为H。
优选R21为C1~C12的烷基或C3~C12的环烷基,更优选为异丙基或环己基。
所述式VII中,R22、R23、R24、R25、R27、R28任选自氢、C1~C12 的烷基或C6~C20的芳基。R26为C1~C12的烷基、C6~C20的芳基或 C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基。*代表手性碳原子。
进一步,优选R22为H或C1~C6的烷基;R23、R24、R25优选为 H。
优选R27为H。
优选R26为C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基,更优选为异丙基或苯基。
优选R28为C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基,更优选为甲基或苯基。
本发明方法中,采用的光源为可见光,包括单色光源或白色复色光源。优选5W蓝色LED为光源。
本发明方法中,所述的有机碱为胺类化合物,可以为伯胺化合物 RaNH2、仲胺化合物RbRcNH或叔胺化合物RdReRfN,其中Ra、Rb、 Rc、Rd、Re、Rf各自独立为C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基,优选为C1~C6的烷基。进一步,优选所述有机碱为叔胺化合物RdReRfN,更优选为二异丙基乙基胺。
本发明所述的所述合成方法中加入有机溶剂,所述的有机溶剂是苯、四氯化碳、甲苯、四氢呋喃、乙醚、二氯甲烷、乙腈、二氧六环、石油醚、环己烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、三氯甲烷、N,N-二甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二氯乙烷、全氟苯、三氟甲苯中的任意一种,优选为三氟甲苯。所述有机溶剂的用量一般以式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物的物质的量计为20-100mL/mmol。
作为进一步地改进,本发明所述的式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物、手性添加剂、有机碱、光催化剂的物质的量之比为1:0.05-0.2:0.2-1:0.02,优选为1:0.1~0.15:1:0.02。
作为进一步地改进,本发明反应温度为-15-40℃,优选-15~0℃,更优选-15℃。
所述反应时间为4小时到12小时,由TLC检测原料反应完全后,表示反应结束。作为进一步地改进,本发明反应结束后,所得粗产物加入盐酸水解后,再经过后处理制得式II所示的手性碳氢键氧化产物,所述后处理手段包括柱层析或重结晶,优选柱层析。所述盐酸为1M 浓度的盐酸。
与现有方法相比,该方法适用于多种不同类型的底物,底物合成方法简便,本发明首次提出采用非金属的方法来合成手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法,原料来源易得,节约成本。
本发明方法反应条件温和,操作简便,原子经济性高。反应无需其他任何的有毒过渡金属(如钌、铑、钯等)盐类的加入,在药物和材料合成上具有较大的实际应用价值。且反应的转化率也较好,一般均可达到80%,对映体选择性也较高,一般为80%~95%。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步地具体说明,但本发明的保护范围不限于此。
实施例中所用的底物中的保护基Pg为对苯甲酰基、三氟甲基苯甲酰基或3,5-二三氟甲基苯甲酰基,由如下所示方法合成。
羟胺可参考文献来合成:Org.Lett.2019,21,880–884。室温下,在一反应瓶中加入羟胺(10mmol),THF(40mL),三乙胺(10mmol),冷却至0℃,滴加对苯甲酰氯或有取代基的苯甲酰氯或对三氟甲基苯甲酰氯或3,5-二三氟甲基苯甲酰氯(10mmol)。在室温反应2小时后加入水淬灭,DCM萃取三次,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。柱层析后得到相应原料。
实施例中所用的催化剂化学式如下所示:
所用有机催化剂中性红为市售药品,所用双齿联咪唑啉(V-10),简称BiIM,可通过参考文献来合成:X.Cheng,H.Lu,Z.LuNature Comm.2019,10,3549。
催化剂V-10的制备方法如下:
式中二氯化合物可按Nature Comm.2019,10,3549步骤合成。在氮气气氛下,将二氯中间体(1.0当量,1.35mmol)和五氯化磷(2.4 当量,3.23mmol)加入10mL甲苯中。让反应在85℃搅拌4.5小时,然后冷却到室温。在减压下蒸干甲苯,加入20mL CH3CN中Et3N(11.2 当量,15.2mmol)和胺(6.0当量,8.1mmol)。反应在N2下加热回流,直到TLC显示起始原料完全消耗。冷却至室温后,加水,用DCM 对水层进行三次分离提取。有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压浓缩。用柱层析(PE/EA/Et3N=50/10/1)纯化得到V-10。白色固体,m.p.78-80 ℃(PE/EA).IR(neat,cm-1):2923,2853,1592,1478,1449.Optical Rotation:[α]D 20=-44.6(c1.04,CHCl3).1H NMR(399.9MHz,CDCl3)δ 6.95(s,2H),6.63-6.56(m,4H),3.99-3.82(m,4H),3.57(dd,J=7.8,8.2 Hz,2H),2.15(d,J=12.6Hz,2H),1.80-1.71(m,4H),1.71-1.62(m,4H), 1.62-1.52(m,2H),1.30-1.10(m,46H);13C NMR(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ 153.3,150.8,139.4,117.1,113.8,69.9,54.8,43.2,34.7,31.5,30.0,29.2, 26.6,26.1,26.0;HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C46H70N4Na]+(M+Na+) requires m/z 701.5493,found:m/z701.5495.
实施例1:非金属催化的C-H键的不对称胺化反应
反应条件如下所示:
标准条件:
室温下,在一干燥的氮气保护反应试管中加入手性双齿噁唑啉双齿联咪唑啉BiIMV-10(0.02mmol),底物(0.2mmol,不标记情况下默认为对三氟甲基苯甲酰基保护的底物),有机光催化剂中性红 (0.004mmol),溶剂三氟甲苯(8mL),再加入二异丙基乙基胺(0.2mmol),然后在-15℃,5w的蓝色LED的照射下反应12小时后加入 0.2mL HCl(1M)水解,柱层析分离得到产物。
Ⅱ-1:(R)-4-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
Hz,1H),4.29(dd,J=6.8,8.6Hz,1H);HRMS(EI)calculated for [C9H8O3]+requires m/z 164.0468,found m/z 164.0469.
Ⅱ-2:(R)-5-苯基-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
3H),1.02(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.0,133.3,129.2, 128.8,125.4,86.2,85.3,26.5,22.8;HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C11H13O3]+(M+H+)requires m/z 193.0859,found:m/z 193.0870.
Ⅱ-3:(R)-5-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮(R)-5-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
2.55-2.20(m,6H),1.72(s,3H),1.13(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz, CDCl3)δ154.3,131.2,131.1,128.9,128.7,84.5,84.1,30.0,23.4, 21.7-20.7(m);HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C13H16NaO3]+(M+Na+) requires m/z 243.0992,found:m/z 243.0993.
Ⅱ-4:(R)-5-(1-萘基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4,4-dimethyl-5-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
7.65(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.61-7.51(m,3H),6.23(s,1H),1.85(s,3H), 0.97(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.2,133.6,130.1,129.7, 129.5,129.4,126.9,126.0,125.3,123.6,121.9,85.4,83.0,27.7,23.0; HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C15H14NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 265.0835,found:m/z 265.0836.
Ⅱ-5:(R)-5-(4-氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
CDCl3)δ7.41(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.25(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.34(s,1H), 1.66(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ153.6,135.2, 131.9,129.1,126.8,85.6,85.1,26.5,22.8;HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C11H11ClNaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 249.0289,found:m/z 242.0291. Ⅱ-6:(R)-5-(4-溴苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮 (R)-5-(4-bromophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
MHz,CDCl3)δ153.6,132.4,132.0,127.0,123.3,85.6,85.1,26.5,22.8; HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C11H11BrNaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 292.9784,found:m/z292.9784.
Ⅱ-7:(R)-5-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮 (R)-4,4-dimethyl-5-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ153.5,137.3,131.5(q,J=32.1Hz),125.9(q,J= 3.7Hz),125.8,123.6(q,J=270.5Hz),85.4,85.1,26.6,22.9;19F NMR: (376.5MHz,CDCl3)δ-62.8;HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C12H11F3NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 283.0552,found:m/z283.0552.
Ⅱ-8:(R)-5-(4-叔丁基二甲基硅氧基苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2- 酮
(R)-5-(4-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)phenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan -2-one
1.00-0.95(m,9H),0.20(s,6H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ156.4, 154.1,126.8,125.9,120.3,86.3,85.3,26.5,25.6,22.7,18.2,-4.46,-4.48; HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C17H26NaO4Si]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 345.1493,found:m/z 345.1493.
Ⅱ-9:(R)-5-(4-甲基苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮 (R)-4,4-dimethyl-5-(p-tolyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
5.33(s,1H),2.37(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.1,139.1,130.3,129.4,125.4,86.3, 85.3,26.5,22.8,21.2;HRMS(ESI)calculatedfor[C12H14NaO3]+(M+Na+) requires m/z 229.0835,found:m/z 229.0834.
Ⅱ-10:(R)-5-(3-甲基苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4,4-dimethyl-5-(m-tolyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
7.6Hz,1H),7.12-7.05(m,2H),5.32(s,1H),2.38(s,3H),1.66(s,3H), 1.02(s,3H);13CNMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.1,138.6,133.3,129.9, 128.6,125.9,122.5,86.3,85.3,26.6,22.8,21.4;HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C12H14NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z229.0835,found:m/z 229.0836. Ⅱ-11:(R)-5-(2-甲基苯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮 (R)-4,4-dimethyl-5-(o-tolyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
1H),5.63(s,1H),2.32(s,3H),1.70(s,3H),1.05(s,3H);13C NMR: (100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.3,134.4,132.4,130.9,128.9,126.5,125.5, 85.0,83.2,28.0,23.1,19.5;HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C12H14NaO3]+ (M+Na+)requires m/z 229.0835,found:m/z229.0835.
Ⅱ-12:(R)-5-(4-苯并噻吩)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-5-(benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
MHz,CDCl3)δ7.96-7.89(m,1H),7.59(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),7.46-7.38(m, 2H),7.33(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.89(s,1H),1.76(s,3H),1.01(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.0,140.7,136.3,128.3,128.2,124.2, 123.3,121.5,120.2,85.4,84.8,27.3,22.9;HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C13H12NaO3S]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 271.0399,found:m/z271.0401.
Ⅱ-13:(R)-5-苯基-4,4-二乙基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4,4-diethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
1H),2.08-1.96(m,1H),1.93-1.81(m,1H),1.47-1.35(m,1H),1.24-1.13 (m,1H),1.10(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),0.73(t,J=7.4Hz,3H);13C NMR: (100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ154.4,133.8,129.1,128.6,126.0,89.4,84.0,28.6, 26.8,7.4,7.3;HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C13H16NaO3]+(M+Na+) requires m/z 243.0992,found:m/z 243.0992.
Ⅱ-14:(R)-5-叔丁基-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-5-(tert-butyl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
1H),1.55(s,3H),1.51(s,3H),1.09(s,9H);13C NMR:(100.6 MHz,CDCl3)δ154.2,92.1,85.7,33.3,28.0,26.4,22.7;HRMS(ESI) calculated for[C9H16NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 195.0997,found m/z 195.1000.
Ⅱ-15:顺-3a-六氢化苯[d]-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
4.0Hz,1H),2.11-2.02(m,1H),1.86-1.80(m,2H),1.77-1.65(m,2H), 1.60-1.50(m,2H),1.48(s,3H),1.38-1.27(m,1H);13C NMR:(100.6 MHz,CDCl3)δ154.8,82.7,81.0,33.6,25.8,23.2,20.3,18.6;HRMS(EI) calculated for[C8H12O3]+(M+)requires m/z 156.0786,found m/z 156.0784.
Ⅱ-16:(R)-5-(1-环己烯基)-4,4-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-5-(cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
1.70-1.58(m,4H),1.55(s,3H),1.31(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz, CDCl3)δ154.2,130.6,126.8,87.9,84.5,27.3,25.0,24.7,22.0,21.8; HRMS(ESI)calculated for[C11H16NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 219.0992,found:m/z 219.0993.
Ⅱ-17:(R)-5-苯基噁唑啉酮
(R)-5-phenyloxazolidin-2-one
CHCl3),90.3%ee.1H NMR:(400.1MHz,CDCl3)δ3.55(t,J=8.4Hz, 1H),3.99(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.62(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.08(brs,1H), 7.35-7.43(m,5H);13C NMR(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ160.1,138.4,128.9, 125.6,77.8,48.2.
Ⅱ-18:(S)-5-苯基二氢呋喃烷酮
(S)-5-phenyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
(s,1H),2.58(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),2.47(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),1.29(s,3H), 0.72(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ176.0,135.1,128.3,128.2, 125.7,89.4,44.4,41.1,25.4,22.4;HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C12H14NaO2]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 213.0886,found:m/z 213.0887.
Ⅱ-19:(R)-4,4,5-三甲基-5-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4,4,5-trimethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ153.5,138.5,128.7,128.3, 124.1,89.0,86.9,25.0,23.9,21.9;HRMS(ESI)calculated for [C12H14NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z229.0835,found:m/z 229.0834.
Ⅱ-20:(R)5,5-二甲基-4-乙基-5-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮
(R)-4-ethyl-5,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
0.98(s,3H),0.78(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR:(100.6MHz,CDCl3)δ 153.5,136.4,128.7,128.1,124.6,91.8,87.2,28.9,25.5,21.4,7.7;HRMS (ESI)calculated for[C13H16NaO3]+(M+Na+)requires m/z 243.0992, found:m/z 243.0990.
实施例2:手性二醇的合成
反应条件如下所示:
条件:
室温下,在一干燥的氮气保护反应试管中加入II-12(0.2mmol), NaOH(6mL,1N),二氧六环(6mL),搅拌12小时。之后加水乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,硅胶过柱得二醇VIII。
VIII:(R)-2-甲基-1-(4-苯并噻吩)-1,2-丙二醇
(R)-1-(benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)-2-methylpropane-1,2-diol
无色液体,78%产率,[α]20 D=-44.1(c 1.02,CHCl3),94.2%ee.1H NMR:(400.1MHz,CDCl3)δ7.82(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=5.6Hz,1H), 7.50-7.42(m,2H),7.34(dd,J=7.6,7.8Hz,1H),5.07(s,1H),3.08-2.70 (br,1H),2.48-2.00(br,1H),1.23(s,3H),1.15(s,3H);13C NMR:(100.6 MHz,CDCl3)δ140.0,138.0,135.6,126.3,123.9,123.1,122.5,122.0, 78.6,74.3,26.7,24.3;HRMS(EI)calculated for[C12H14NNaO2S]+requires m/z 245.0607,found m/z 245.0607.
实施例3反应条件筛选:
以式I-2所示化合物为底物(0.2mmol),加入有机光催化剂中性红(0.004mmol)、溶剂三氟甲苯(8mL),二异丙基乙基胺(0.2mmol),手性添加剂(0.02mmol),手性添加剂如表1和化学式所示,然后在 40℃,5w的蓝色LED的照射下反应12小时后加1M盐酸水解,柱层析分离得到产物,产物收率和er值如表1、2、3所示。
表1手性添加剂筛选
表2手性配体V筛选
表3温度筛选
Claims (10)
1.一种非金属催化的不对称碳氢键氧化制备手性碳氢键氧化产物的方法,其特征在于所述方法为:以式Ⅰ所示的酰胺类化合物为原料,在可见光源下,有机染料为光催化剂,手性双齿化合物为手性添加剂,在有机碱的作用下,反应制得式Ⅱ所示的手性碳氢键氧化产物;
式Ⅱ中,*代表手性碳原子;
式Ⅰ和式Ⅱ中,R1为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基或环烯基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
R2、R3、R4任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
R1、R2是不同的取代基;
所述R1、R2、R3、R4中,所述C1~C12的的烷基上的H不被取代或被1个以上的取代基A取代,所述取代基A为C1~C6的烷氧基、C1~C6的硅氧基、C1-C4氟烷氧基、卤素、羟基、C1~C3的醛基、C1~C3的羧基、氨基、C1~C3的酯基、酰胺基、苯基或萘基;
所述R1、R2、R3中,所述C3~C12的环烷基或环烯基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基上的H不被取代或被一个以上的取代基B取代,所述取代基B为C1~C6的烷基、C1~C6的烷氧基、C1~C6的硅氧基、C1-C4氟烷基、C1-C4氟烷氧基、卤素、羟基、C1~C3的醛基、C1~C3的羧基、氨基、C1~C3的酯基、酰胺基、苯基或萘基;
或R1、R3连接成环,形成C5~C8的环烷基;
X任选自CR5R6、NR7或O原子;所述R5、R6各自独立为H、C1~C6的烷基或苯基;所述R7为H、C1~C6的烷基或苯基;
所述式Ⅰ中的保护基Pg为苯甲酰基、对三氟甲基苯甲酰基、3,5-二三氟甲基苯甲酰基、对甲苯磺酰基或乙酰基。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述R1为C1~C6的烷基、C3~C6的环烷基或环烯基、苯基、萘基、噻吩基、吡啶基或苯基上有1~3个取代基B的取代苯基;所述取代苯基上的取代基B为C1~C6的烷基、C1~C6的烷氧基、C1~C6的硅氧基、C1-C4氟烷基、C1-C4氟烷氧基或卤素;所述R2、R3、R4为氢、C1~C6的烷基、苯基或萘基;或R1、R3连接成环,形成环己烷基。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述R5、R6均为H;所述R7为H或苯基;所述式Ⅰ中的保护基Pg为对三氟甲基苯甲酰基。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述有机染料为中性红、DPZ或孟加拉玫瑰红。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述手性添加剂为手性双齿化合物,为如式III所示的双齿噁唑啉或双齿噻唑啉、式IV所示的联噁唑啉、式V所示联咪唑啉、式VI所示的吡啶噁唑啉或式VII所示的吡啶咪唑啉;
式III、IV、V、VI、VII中,*代表手性碳原子;
式Ⅲ中,Y任选自O、S原子;Y为O原子时,式III所示即为双齿噁唑啉,Y为S原子时,式III所示即为双齿噻唑啉;
式Ⅲ中,R8、R9任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基;R10为C1~C12的烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
式Ⅳ中,R11为氢或C1~C12的烷基;R12为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
式V中,R13、R14任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基或C6~C20的芳基;R15为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
式VI中,R16、R17、R18、R19、R20任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基;R21为C1~C12的烷基、C3~C12的环烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基;
式VII中,R22、R23、R24、R25、R27、R28任选自氢、C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基;R26为C1~C12的烷基、C6~C20的芳基或C4~C12的含N、O、S的杂环芳基。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于所述式Ⅲ中,R8为C1~C6的烷基;R9为H;R10为苯基、苄基或异丙基;
所述式IV中,R11为H,R12为异丙基或环己基;
所述式V中,R13为3,5-二叔丁基苯基、苯基、3-叔丁基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、3,5-二氯苯基、3,5-二(对丁基苯基)苯基、联苯基、3,5-二(苯基)苯基或环己基;R14为H;R15为环己基;
所述式VI中,R16为H或C1~C6的烷基;R17、R18、R19为H;R20为H;R21为异丙基或环己基;
所述式VII中,R22为H或C1~C6的烷基;R23、R24、R25为H;R27为H;R26为异丙基或苯基;R28为甲基或苯基。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述的有机碱为胺类化合物,为伯胺化合物RaNH2、仲胺化合物RbRcNH或叔胺化合物RdReRfN,其中Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd、Re、Rf各自独立为C1~C12的烷基或C6~C20的芳基。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述的有机溶剂是苯、四氯化碳、甲苯、四氢呋喃、乙醚、二氯甲烷、乙腈、二氧六环、石油醚、环己烷、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、三氯甲烷、N,N-二甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二氯乙烷、全氟苯、三氟甲苯中的任意一种。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述反应的温度为-15-40℃。
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