CN115041690B - Preparation method of cutter high-speed steel and matched atomizing device - Google Patents
Preparation method of cutter high-speed steel and matched atomizing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115041690B CN115041690B CN202210662504.4A CN202210662504A CN115041690B CN 115041690 B CN115041690 B CN 115041690B CN 202210662504 A CN202210662504 A CN 202210662504A CN 115041690 B CN115041690 B CN 115041690B
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
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- B22F3/10—Sintering only
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- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
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- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/007—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Co
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- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
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- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
- B22F2009/0828—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid with water
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps: adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid; under the protection of nitrogen, introducing the alloy liquid into an atomization device, and preparing the powder by adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to obtain alloy powder; adding a binder into the alloy powder, uniformly mixing, and performing compression molding by adopting hot isostatic pressing; presintering the green body to remove the binder in the green body; sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology; the high speed steel blank is heat treated. The high-speed steel prepared by the method has excellent mechanical properties, and the hardness, impact energy and red hardness of the high-speed steel meet the processing requirements of the cutter high-speed steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed steel processing, in particular to a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel and a matched atomizing device.
Background
The high-speed steel, also called Feng steel, belongs to one of tool steels, is an alloy steel with very complex components, and generally mainly contains W, mo, cr, V and other strong carbide forming elements, and the total amount of the alloy steel can occupy 10-25% of the mass fraction. Because the high-speed steel has higher alloy elements, the quenching can be realized and the quenching is very sharp even if an air cooling mode is adopted during quenching. The high-speed steel contains a higher W, mo element, so that even if high-speed cutting generates higher heat (500-600 ℃) under the working condition, the high-speed steel can still keep the hardness of the high-speed steel above 60HRC, and the property is also called the main characteristic of the high-speed steel, namely the high-speed steel has higher red hardness. In contrast, the carbon tool steel can obtain higher hardness at room temperature after quenching and low-temperature tempering, but when the temperature is increased to more than 200 ℃, the mechanical property begins to drop sharply to more than 500 ℃ so that the carbon tool steel loses the capability of cutting metal, and the hardness is equivalent to that of the annealed carbon tool steel. The high-speed steel has good red hardness, so that the fatal defect of the carbon tool steel is overcome, and the high-speed steel is generally used for manufacturing various cutting tools such as turning tools, cobalt heads, hob cutters, machine saw bars, high-requirement dies and the like.
The powder metallurgy high-speed steel has the important position in a high-quality cutting tool due to the excellent mechanical property, no segregation and small structure, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing large broaches, end mills, hob cutters and gear shaving cutters. The powder high-speed steel is prepared by adopting a powder metallurgy method to prepare a compact steel billet, and then carrying out thermal deformation and heat treatment, wherein the hot isostatic pressing is a key process step in the preparation process of the high-speed steel, and if the alloy powder prepared in the previous step is good in fine powder yield and tissue uniformity, the powder is poor in compactibility after annealing, and the sintering densification of the subsequent sintering process is unfavorable. In addition, boron is generally added to the alloy composition to increase the firing activity and lower the sintering temperature, thereby improving the hardenability of the steel. In addition, the rare earth element has the effects of purifying grain boundaries, optimizing the distribution state of steel impurities, improving the hot working state and the like, so boride of the rare earth element is often added, but excessive addition of boride can lead to generation of network-shaped brittle compounds, thereby causing the whole brittleness of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, and aims to solve the problem of poor alloy powder compressibility in the existing preparation process of powder high-speed steel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, and sequentially acting on an alloy column flow through two media, namely negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder;
(3) Adding binder into alloy powder, mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing at 700-800 deg.C under 200-300MPa for 5-10min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3) to remove the binder in the green body;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1120-1140 ℃, preserving heat for 40-80min, wherein the sintering pressure is 20-35MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of more than 99.3%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1170-1190 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 20-30min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 530-550 ℃, and tempering is carried out for three times each time for 1.5-3h.
Wherein the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas in the step (2) is 2-8KPa, and the speed is 1-5 Mach.
Wherein the spraying pressure of the high-pressure atomized water in the step (2) is 80-100MP a, and the flow is 200-300L/min.
Wherein the average grain diameter D50 of the alloy powder prepared in the step (2) is 8.45-9.55 mu m.
Wherein the binder is rosin resin, maleated rosin or polyacrylate.
Wherein the presintering temperature in the step (4) is 700-800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8-12 hours.
Wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components: the alloy powder comprises the following components: c:0.2-0.4wt.%, ti:1.5-2.5 wt%, W:9.0-11.0wt.%, mo:2.0-4.0wt.%, cr:4.0-6.0wt.%, co:8.0-9.0wt.%, V:4.0-6.0wt.%, si:0.2-0.5wt.%, laB6:0.05-0.15 wt%, B 4 C:0.02-0.05 wt%, BN:0.01-0.02 wt%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt.%, P: less than or equal to 0.02wt.% and the balance of Fe.
The atomizing device comprises a melting furnace and an atomizing furnace, wherein the melting furnace is arranged above the atomizing furnace, a heating crucible is arranged in the melting furnace, a transferring crucible is arranged below the heating crucible, the bottom of the transferring crucible is connected with an atomizing nozzle, an atomizing furnace cover body is arranged at the top of the atomizing furnace, an atomizing hole is formed in the center of the atomizing furnace cover body, and the atomizing nozzle is positioned in the atomizing hole; the cover body of the atomizing furnace is provided with a negative pressure overspeed gas nozzle and a high pressure atomized water nozzle device.
The high-pressure atomized water spray head device comprises a high-pressure atomized water spray head, a rotary drum fixing block and a pull rod, wherein the high-pressure atomized water spray head is arranged on the rotary drum, the rotary drum fixing block is fixedly connected with an atomized furnace cover body, one end of the rotary drum is rotationally connected with the rotary drum fixing block, a gear is arranged at the other end of the rotary drum, the lower part of the pull rod penetrates through the atomized furnace cover body and is in sliding sealing connection with the atomized furnace cover body, a rack meshed with the gear is arranged at the lower part of the pull rod, and a reverse stop block is arranged at the top end of the pull rod.
The lower part of the atomizing nozzle is provided with a receiving device, the receiving device comprises two receiving crucibles, two sliding rods and a connecting rod, the receiving crucibles are positioned below the nozzle, the lower part of the receiving crucibles is provided with a connecting rod installation rod, the sliding rods penetrate through the furnace body of the atomizing furnace and are in sliding sealing connection with the furnace body of the atomizing furnace, the upper ends of the sliding rods are connected with piston rods of hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the sliding rods are provided with connecting rod installation plates, and the two ends of the two connecting rods are respectively hinged with the connecting rod installation rods and the connecting rod installation plates.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the powder is prepared by adopting a water-gas combined atomization process, the average grain diameter of the prepared powder is 8.45-9.55 mu m, and compared with the existing gas atomized powder, the fine powder yield and the tissue uniformity are greatly improved. The optimal sintering temperature of the water-gas combined atomized powder is 1130 ℃, the compactness can reach 99.3%, and the carbide is only 1-2 mu m.
(2) According to the invention, rosin resin, maleic rosin or polyacrylate is added as an adhesive in the hot isostatic pressing process, so that the compressibility of the alloy powder prepared by the water-gas combined atomization process is improved, the presintering temperature is higher than 500 ℃, the adhesive does not remain, and the structure and performance of the high-speed steel are not affected.
(3) The invention is realized by adding LaB 6 、B 4 The three borides of C and BN, the addition of which improves the sintering activity, reduces the sintering temperature and also avoids the problem of the whole brittleness of the material.
(4) The high-speed steel prepared by the method has excellent mechanical properties, and the hardness, impact energy and red hardness of the high-speed steel meet the processing requirements of the cutter high-speed steel.
(5) According to the atomizing device, two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water sequentially act on the alloy column flow, and the angle of the high pressure atomized water nozzle is adjustable, so that the angle of spray of water mist is adjustable, and the atomizing effect is further improved; the material receiving crucible is arranged below the atomizing nozzle, so that the metal molten slurry with poor atomizing effect at the central part directly falls into the material receiving crucible, the uniformity of metal powder is improved, and the recycling of the metal molten slurry is also facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atomizer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the high-pressure atomized water spray device according to the present invention;
in the drawings, 1, a melting furnace, 2, an atomizing furnace, 3, a heating crucible, 4, an atomizing furnace cover, 5, an atomizing hole, 6, a high pressure atomizing water spray head, 7, a rotary drum, 8, a rotary drum fixing block, 9, a pull rod, 10, a gear, 11, a reverse stop, 12, a receiving crucible, 13, a slide rod, 14, a connecting rod, 15, a hydraulic cylinder, 16, a connecting rod mounting rod, 17, a connecting rod mounting plate, 18, an atomizing nozzle, 19, and a transferring crucible.
Description of the embodiments
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, and sequentially acting on alloy column flow through two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder with the average particle diameter D50 of 8.55 mu m; the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas is 5KPa, and the speed is Mach 3; the spraying pressure of the high-pressure atomized water is 90MP a, and the flow is 250L/min;
(3) Adding rosin resin into the alloy powder, uniformly mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing forming, wherein the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 750 ℃, the pressure is 250MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 6min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3), wherein the presintering temperature is 750 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10 hours, and the binder in the green body is removed;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1130 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, wherein the sintering pressure is 28MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of 99.4%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1180 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 25min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 540 ℃, and tempering is carried out for three times each time for 2h.
Wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components: the alloy powder comprises the following components: c:0.3wt.%, ti:2.0wt.%, W:10.0wt.%, mo:3.0wt.%, cr:5.0wt.%, co:8.5wt.%, V:5.0wt.%, si:0.3wt.%, laB6:0.09 wt.%, B 4 C:0.04wt.%, BN:0.015wt.%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt.%, P: less than or equal to 0.02wt.% and the balance of Fe.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the atomizing device of the embodiment comprises a melting furnace 1 and an atomizing furnace 2, wherein the melting furnace 1 is arranged above the atomizing furnace 2, a heating crucible 3 is arranged in the melting furnace 1, a transferring crucible 19 is arranged below the heating crucible 3, an atomizing nozzle 18 is connected to the bottom of the transferring crucible, an atomizing furnace cover body 4 is arranged at the top of the atomizing furnace 2, an atomizing hole 5 is arranged in the center of the atomizing furnace cover body 4, and the atomizing nozzle 18 is positioned in the atomizing hole 5; the cover body 4 of the atomizing furnace is provided with a negative pressure overspeed gas nozzle and a high pressure atomized water nozzle 6. After the metal raw material is thoroughly melted in the heating crucible, the heating crucible is turned over, so that molten metal flows into the transfer crucible, and then the molten metal is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle 18, negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water sequentially act on the alloy column flow, and the alloy column flow is scattered, so that atomized metal powder is obtained, wherein the negative pressure overspeed gas spray head is not shown in the attached drawing of the invention.
Wherein, high pressure atomizing water shower nozzle 6 device includes high pressure atomizing water shower nozzle 6, rotary drum 7, rotary drum fixed block 8 and pull rod 9, high pressure atomizing water shower nozzle 6 establishes on rotary drum 7, rotary drum fixed block 8 and atomizing bell body 4 fixed connection, rotary drum 7's one end and rotary drum fixed block 8 rotate to be connected, rotary drum 7's the other end is equipped with gear 10, the lower part of pull rod 9 passes atomizing bell body 4 to with atomizing bell body 4 sliding seal connection, the lower part of pull rod 9 is equipped with the rack with gear 10 engaged with, the top of pull rod 9 is equipped with reverse dog 11. During operation, the reverse dog 11 of pulling realizes turning to rotary drum 7, and the rotary drum is fixed in rotary drum fixed block 8, is equipped with the liquid pipe in the rotary drum 7 simultaneously and holds the chamber in order to install liquid pipeline, and the pulling in-process, the shape of high pressure atomizing water shower nozzle 6 plays spacing effect to a certain extent, can not endless pull, and design advantage lies in can realizing having water smoke and the conversion regulation that does not have water smoke fast, adjusts the injection angle, and pull rod 9 rack can take out completely, reverse installation, and during reverse installation, reverse dog 11 plays the fixed effect of clamping.
Wherein, the below of atomizing nozzle 18 is equipped with the material receiving arrangement, and the material receiving arrangement includes material receiving crucible 12, slide bar 13 and connecting rod 14, and material receiving crucible 12 is located the below of nozzle, and the below of material receiving crucible 12 is equipped with connecting rod installation pole 16, and slide bar 13 passes the furnace body of atomizing stove 2 to with the furnace body sliding seal connection of atomizing stove 2, the upper end of slide bar 13 is connected with the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, and the lower extreme of slide bar 13 is equipped with connecting rod mounting panel 17, and connecting rod 14 is two, and the both ends of two connecting rods 14 are articulated with connecting rod installation pole 16 and connecting rod mounting panel 17 respectively. The material receiving crucible 12 is arranged below the atomizing nozzle, so that the metal molten slurry with poor atomizing effect at the central part directly falls into the material receiving crucible 12, the uniformity of metal powder is improved, and the recycling of the metal molten slurry is also facilitated.
The performance of the cutter high-speed steel prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bending strength is 4253MPa, the impact energy is 20-26J, and the average Rockwell hardness difference after red hardness test is 3HRC.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, and sequentially acting on alloy column flow through two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder with the average particle diameter D50 of 8.45 mu m; the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas is 8KPa, and the speed is Mach 1; the spraying pressure of the high-pressure atomized water is 100MPa, and the flow is 200L/min;
(3) Adding polyacrylate into the alloy powder, uniformly mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing forming, wherein the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 700 ℃, the pressure is 300MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3), wherein the presintering temperature is 700 ℃, the heat preservation time is 12 hours, and the binder in the green body is removed;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1120 ℃, preserving heat for 80 minutes, keeping the sintering pressure at 20MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of 99.4%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1170 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 30min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 530 ℃, and tempering is carried out for three times each time for 3h.
Wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components: the alloy powder comprises the following components: c:0.2wt.%, ti: 2.5 wt%, W:9.0wt.%, mo: 4.0wt.%, cr:4.0wt.%, co: 9.0wt.%, V:4.0wt.%, si: 0.5wt.%, laB6:0.05wt.%, B 4 C: 0.05 wt%, BN:0.01wt.%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt.%, P: less than or equal to 0.02wt.% and the balance of Fe.
The atomizing device of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
The performance of the cutter high-speed steel prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bending strength is 4225MPa, the impact energy is 20-24J, and the difference value of average Rockwell hardness after red hardness test is 2HRC.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, and sequentially acting on an alloy column flow through two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder with the average particle diameter D50 of 9.55 mu m; the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas is 2KPa, and the speed is Mach 5; the spraying pressure of the high-pressure atomized water is 80MP a, and the flow is 300L/min;
(3) Adding polyacrylate into the alloy powder, uniformly mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing forming, wherein the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 800 ℃, the pressure is 200MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3), wherein the presintering temperature is 800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 8 hours, and the binder in the green body is removed;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1140 ℃, preserving heat for 40min, wherein the sintering pressure is 35MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of 99.8%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1190 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 30min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 550 ℃, and tempering is carried out for three times, each time for 1.5h.
Wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components: the alloy powder comprises the following components: c: 0.4wt.%, ti:1.5wt.%, W: 11.0wt.%, mo:2.0wt.%, cr: 6.0wt.%, co:8.0wt.%, V: 6.0wt.%, si:0.2wt.%, laB6: 0.15 wt.%, B 4 C:0.02 wt.%, BN: 0.02wt%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt.%, P: less than or equal to 0.02wt.% and the balance of Fe.
The atomizing device of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
The performance of the cutter high-speed steel prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bending strength is 4225MPa, the impact energy is 20-25J, and the difference value of average Rockwell hardness after red hardness test is 3HRC.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, and sequentially acting on alloy column flow through two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder with the average particle diameter D50 of 9.12 mu m; the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas is 6KPa, and the speed is Mach 4; the spraying pressure of the high-pressure atomized water is 95MP a, and the flow is 250L/min;
(3) Adding maleic rosin into the alloy powder, uniformly mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing forming, wherein the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 760 ℃, the pressure is 240MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 8min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3), wherein the presintering temperature is 780 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10 hours, and the binder in the green body is removed;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1130 ℃, preserving heat for 55min, keeping the sintering pressure at 30MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of 99.5%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1180 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 25min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 545 ℃, tempering is carried out for three times, the former two times are 1 hour, and the third time is 2 hours.
Wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components: the alloy powder comprises the following components: c:0.25wt.%, ti:2.1wt.%, w9.5wt.%, mo:3.5wt.%, cr:4.5wt.%, co:8.8wt.%, V:4.5wt.%, si:0.25wt.%, laB6:0.012wt.%, B 4 C:0.04wt.%, BN:0.012wt.%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt.%, P: less than or equal to 0.02wt.% and the balance of Fe.
The atomizing device of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
The performance of the cutter high-speed steel prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bending strength is 4218MPa, the impact energy is 20-28J, and the difference value of average Rockwell hardness after red hardness test is 3HRC.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of cutter high-speed steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, and sequentially acting on alloy column flow through two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder with the average particle diameter D50 of 9.35 mu m; the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas is 5KPa, and the speed is Mach 2; the spraying pressure of the high-pressure atomized water is 95MP a, and the flow is 260L/min;
(3) Adding rosin resin into the alloy powder, uniformly mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing forming, wherein the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 750 ℃, the pressure is 250MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 8min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3), wherein the presintering temperature is 760 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10 hours, and the binder in the green body is removed;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1130 ℃, preserving heat for 70min, keeping the sintering pressure at 32MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of 99.3%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1180 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 25min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 540 ℃, and tempering is carried out for three times each time for 3h.
Wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components: the alloy powder comprises the following components: c:0.3wt.%, ti:1.8 wt.%, W:10.1wt.%, mo:3.2wt.%, cr:5.2wt.%, co:8.3wt.%, V:5.5wt.%, si:0.35wt.%, laB6:0.09 wt.%, B 4 C:0.04wt.%, BN:0.012wt.%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt.%, P: less than or equal to 0.02wt.% and the balance of Fe.
The atomizing device of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
The performance of the cutter high-speed steel prepared in the embodiment is detected as follows: the bending strength is 4235MPa, the impact energy is 20-25J, and the difference value of average Rockwell hardness after red hardness test is 3HRC.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the cutter high-speed steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Adding alloy powder into an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and smelting by adopting argon blowing protection to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) Under the protection of nitrogen, introducing alloy liquid into an atomization device, adopting a water-gas combined atomization process to prepare powder, sequentially acting on alloy column flow through two media of negative pressure overspeed gas and high pressure atomized water to obtain alloy powder with average particle diameter D50 of 8.45-9.55 mu m, wherein the pressure of the negative pressure overspeed gas is 2-8KPa, the speed is Mach 1-5, the injection pressure of the high pressure atomized water is 80-100MP a, and the flow is 200-300L/min;
(3) Adding binder into alloy powder, mixing, and performing hot isostatic pressing at 700-800 deg.C under 200-300MPa for 5-10min;
(4) Presintering the green body obtained in the step (3) to remove the binder in the green body;
(5) Sintering the pressed compact in vacuum or inert atmosphere by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology, heating the pressed compact to 1120-1140 ℃, preserving heat for 40-80min, wherein the sintering pressure is 20-35MPa, and cooling to obtain a high-speed steel blank with the density of more than 99.3%;
(6) Heat treating the high speed steel blank: austenitizing temperature is 1170-1190 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 20-30min, oil quenching is carried out, tempering temperature is 530-550 ℃, and tempering is carried out for three times, each time for 1.5-3h;
the alloy powder comprises the following components: c:0.2-0.4wt%, ti: 1.5-2.5. 2.5 wt%，W：9.0-11.0wt%，Mo：2.0-4.0wt%，Cr：4.0-6.0wt%，Co：8.0-9.0wt%，V：4.0-6.0wt%，Si：0.2-0.5wt%，LaB6：0.05-0.15 wt%，B 4 C:0.02-0.05 wt%, BN: 0.01-0.02-wt%, S: less than or equal to 0.02wt percent, P: less than or equal to 0.02 weight percent, and the balance being Fe.
2. The method for preparing the cutter high-speed steel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the binder is rosin resin, maleated rosin or polyacrylate.
3. The method for preparing the cutter high-speed steel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the presintering temperature in the step (4) is 700-800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8-12 hours.
4. An atomizing device matched with the method for preparing the high-speed steel for the cutter, which is characterized in that: the atomizing device comprises a melting furnace and an atomizing furnace, wherein the melting furnace is arranged above the atomizing furnace, a heating crucible is arranged in the melting furnace, a transferring crucible is arranged below the heating crucible, the bottom of the transferring crucible is connected with an atomizing nozzle, an atomizing furnace cover body is arranged at the top of the atomizing furnace, an atomizing hole is formed in the center of the atomizing furnace cover body, and the atomizing nozzle is positioned in the atomizing hole; the cover body of the atomizing furnace is provided with a negative pressure overspeed gas nozzle and a high pressure atomized water nozzle device.
5. An atomizing device according to claim 4, wherein: the high-pressure atomized water spray head device comprises a high-pressure atomized water spray head, a rotary drum fixed block and a pull rod, wherein the high-pressure atomized water spray head is arranged on the rotary drum, the rotary drum fixed block is fixedly connected with an atomized water spray cover body, one end of the rotary drum is rotationally connected with the rotary drum fixed block, a gear is arranged at the other end of the rotary drum, the lower part of the pull rod penetrates through the atomized water spray cover body and is in sliding sealing connection with the atomized water spray cover body, a rack meshed with the gear is arranged at the lower part of the pull rod, and a reverse stop block is arranged at the top end of the pull rod.
6. An atomizing device according to claim 5, wherein: the lower part of atomizing nozzle is equipped with material receiving arrangement, material receiving arrangement includes material receiving crucible, slide bar and connecting rod, material receiving crucible is located the below of nozzle, the below of material receiving crucible is equipped with the connecting rod installation pole, the slide bar passes the furnace body of atomizing stove, and with the furnace body sliding seal connection of atomizing stove, the upper end of slide bar is connected with the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, the lower extreme of slide bar is equipped with the connecting rod mounting panel, the connecting rod is two, two the both ends of connecting rod are articulated with connecting rod installation pole and connecting rod mounting panel respectively.
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