CN115039692A - Method for breeding dry land wheat variety through crossing between paddy and dry land - Google Patents
Method for breeding dry land wheat variety through crossing between paddy and dry land Download PDFInfo
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- CN115039692A CN115039692A CN202210734806.8A CN202210734806A CN115039692A CN 115039692 A CN115039692 A CN 115039692A CN 202210734806 A CN202210734806 A CN 202210734806A CN 115039692 A CN115039692 A CN 115039692A
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
- A01H1/1225—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for drought, cold or salt resistance
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding a dry land wheat variety by shuttling between paddy and dry land, which comprises the following steps: selecting single plants from wheat F1 generation, synchronously sowing seeds in different places in water-fertilizer land and dry land to obtain seeds of excellent single plants in water-fertilizer land and dry land F2 generation; planting seeds of the excellent single plants in the F2 generation in the water and fertilizer field in the allopatric dry land to obtain seeds of the excellent single plants in the F3 generation in the dry land; planting seeds of the excellent single plant of the dry land F2 in a water-fertilizer land in different places to obtain seeds of the excellent single plant of the F3 generation of the water-fertilizer land; seeds of the excellent single plants in the dry land F3 generation are planted in the dry land, so that seeds of excellent F4 generation strains which are selected alternately in a paddy field and a dry field and have outstanding dry expression are obtained; planting seeds of the excellent single plants of the F3 generation in the water and fertilizer land to obtain seeds of excellent F4 generation plants which express outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the water and fertilizer land; seeds of excellent F4 generation strains which are expressed remarkably on dry land and water fertilizer in a paddy-upland rotation way and dry land wheat varieties which are bred in a shuttling and selective way in the paddy-upland non-land are obtained after the seeds are planted in the dry land and selfed. The invention accelerates the breeding process and is beneficial to the breeding of paddy-upland wheat varieties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding, and particularly relates to a method for breeding a dry land wheat variety through shuttling in different paddy and dry fields.
Background
At present, the breeding of new wheat varieties in dry land is mainly carried out in the same ecological area under single drought conditions for matched hybridization and progeny selection, although the drought resistance of breeding materials is outstanding, the selected varieties have poor adaptability, and the breeding of dry land varieties with high yield, stable yield and strong comprehensive stress resistance is not easy.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for breeding dry land wheat varieties through shuttling between different places in a paddy and dry way aiming at the defects of the prior art. Quickens the breeding process and is beneficial to the breeding of new wheat varieties used for both paddy and dry fields.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for breeding a dry land wheat variety by shuttling between paddy and dry lands comprises the following steps:
s1, hybridizing the female parent wheat and the male parent wheat to obtain F1 generation seeds;
s2, sowing the seeds of the F1 generation obtained in the S1 on a field block with irrigation conditions according to the plant spacing of 10cm, planting to obtain F1 generation single plants, selecting F1 generation single plants with excellent comprehensive properties to obtain F1 generation preferred single plants, dividing the F1 generation preferred single plants into two parts, selfing, respectively obtaining a first part of seeds of the F1 generation preferred single plant threshing and a second part of seeds of the F1 generation preferred single plant threshing, and synchronously sowing in different places, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
sowing the first F1 generation preferable single plant threshed seeds in a water field according to the plant spacing of 10cm, dibbling to obtain water and fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants, and selfing to obtain water and fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plant seeds;
dibbling the second F1 generation preferably single-plant threshed seeds on a dry land according to the plant spacing of 10cm to obtain a dry-land F2 excellent single plant, and selfing to obtain seeds of a dry-land F2 excellent single plant;
s3, planting the seeds of the water-fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants obtained in S2 in the allopatric dry land, selecting the single plants with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters to obtain F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land, and selfing to obtain seeds of F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land;
planting the seeds of the dry land F2 excellent single plants obtained in the S2 in a different water and fertilizer land, selecting the single plants with excellent comprehensive properties to obtain F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land, and selfing to obtain seeds of F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land;
s4, planting the seeds of the F3 generation excellent single plants obtained in the S3 in the dry land to obtain F4 generation excellent plant lines in the dry land, selecting plant lines with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters in the dry land, and performing selfing to obtain seeds of the F4 generation excellent plant lines which show outstanding paddy and dry land on the dry land in a rotation manner;
planting the seeds of the F3 generation excellent single plants of the water and fertilizer land obtained in the S3 in the water and fertilizer land to obtain F4 generation single plants of the water and fertilizer land, selecting a plant line with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters of the water and fertilizer land, and selfing to obtain seeds of a plant line of the F4 generation excellent in paddy-upland field rotation and outstanding in water and fertilizer surface;
s5, planting the seeds of the excellent F4 generation strain which is obtained in S4 and shows the outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the dry land and the seeds of the excellent F4 generation strain which is obtained in S4 and shows the outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the water and fertilizer on the dry land in the dry land to obtain an F5 generation strain, and after selfing, selecting the seeds of the F5 generation strain which has excellent agronomic characters, namely the dry land wheat variety which is shuttle-bred on the paddy and dry land in different places.
Preferably, the indexes of the F1 generation single plants with excellent comprehensive properties in the S2 comprise plant height of 80-85 cm, plant growth, stalk elasticity and disease resistance.
Preferably, the indexes of the excellent comprehensive agronomic traits of the F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land in S3 comprise drought resistance, cold tolerance, disease resistance and stable yield of the dry land;
the indexes of the water and fertilizer land F3 generation excellent single plants with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits comprise the high yield and the disease resistance of the identified strain in the water and fertilizer land.
Preferably, the indexes of the agronomic characters of the strains with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters in the dry land in the S4 comprise drought resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance, stress resistance, stable yield and comprehensive characters in the dry land;
the agronomic trait indexes of the water-fertilizer land comprehensive agronomic trait excellent strain in the S4 include high yield, goodness, disease resistance and comprehensive traits in the water-fertilizer land.
Preferably, the agronomic traits of the F5 generation strain that are excellent in the agronomic traits described in S5 include high yield, disease resistance, drought resistance and cold tolerance of new strains and comprehensive traits.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method for breeding by shuttling between different areas in paddy and dry fields adopts the organic combination of nature, artificial selection and directional breeding, provides the natural environment required by drought resistance, high yield and resistance expression, and realizes the organic coordination and unification of the breeding target and the natural environment. The genetic characteristics of hybrid genotypes and varieties can be fully expressed, favorable conditions are created for accurate identification and effective selection, and the selection effect of excellent gene expression is improved, so that the method is beneficial to screening out drought-resistant, cold-resistant, multi-resistant and high-quality wheat varieties, accelerating the breeding process and breeding new wheat varieties for both paddy and dry fields.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a technical route chart of the present invention for breeding new varieties of wheat in dry land by the long-distance shuttle breeding in paddy and dry land.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The technical route of the method for breeding the dry land wheat variety by the water-dry land shuttle breeding is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, hybridizing the female parent wheat (Yuanhai 115) and the male parent wheat (Luohan 15) to obtain F1 generation seeds;
wherein the female parent wheat fortune drought 115;
male parent luohan 15;
wherein, the drought transportation 115 has the main characteristic characteristics of stress resistance, disease resistance, high and stable yield, excellent quality and comprehensive agronomic characters, and slightly higher plant height;
the new variety of the Luohan No. 15 dry land wheat has the advantages of drought resistance, water saving, high and stable yield, lower plant height and good comprehensive resistance, and general disease resistance;
s2, sowing the seeds of the F1 generation obtained in the S1 on a field block with irrigation conditions according to the plant spacing of 10cm, planting to obtain F1 generation single plants, selecting F1 generation single plants with excellent comprehensive properties to obtain F1 generation preferred single plants, dividing the F1 generation preferred single plants into two parts, selfing, respectively obtaining a first part of seeds of the F1 generation preferred single plant threshing and a second part of seeds of the F1 generation preferred single plant threshing, and synchronously sowing in different places, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
sowing the first F1 generation preferably single plant threshed seeds in a water field according to the plant spacing of 10cm, dibbling to obtain water and fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants, and selfing to obtain the seeds of water and fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants;
dibbling the second F1 generation preferably single-plant threshed seeds on a dry land according to the plant spacing of 10cm to obtain a dry-land F2 excellent single plant, and selfing to obtain seeds of a dry-land F2 excellent single plant;
the indexes of the F1 generation single plants with excellent comprehensive properties in the S2 comprise plant height of 80-85 cm, plant growth, stalk elasticity and disease resistance;
s3, planting the seeds of the water-fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants obtained in S2 in the allopatric dry land, selecting the single plants with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters to obtain F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land, and selfing to obtain seeds of F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land;
planting the seeds of the dry land F2 excellent single plants obtained in the S2 in a different water and fertilizer land, selecting the single plants with excellent comprehensive properties to obtain F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land, and selfing to obtain seeds of F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land;
the indexes of the excellent comprehensive agronomic traits of the F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land in S3 comprise drought resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance and stable yield of the dry land;
the indexes of the excellent comprehensive agronomic traits of the F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land comprise the high yield and the disease resistance of the identified strain in the water and fertilizer land;
s4, planting the seeds of the F3 generation excellent individual plants of the dry land obtained in the S3 in the dry land to obtain F4 generation excellent plant lines of the dry land, selecting plant lines with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters of the dry land, and obtaining seeds of F4 generation excellent plant lines which are selected in a paddy-dry rotation mode and show outstanding dry land appearance after selfing;
planting the seeds of the F3 generation excellent single plants of the water and fertilizer land obtained in the S3 in the water and fertilizer land to obtain F4 generation single plants of the water and fertilizer land, selecting a plant line with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters of the water and fertilizer land, and selfing to obtain seeds of a plant line of the F4 generation excellent in paddy-upland field rotation and outstanding in water and fertilizer surface;
the indexes of the strains with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters in the dry land in the S4 comprise drought resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance, stress resistance, stable yield and comprehensive characters in the dry land;
the indexes of the excellent agronomic characters of the water-fertilizer land comprehensive agronomic character strain in the S4 comprise high yield, high quality, disease resistance and comprehensive characters in the water-fertilizer land;
s5, planting the seeds of the excellent F4 generation strain which is obtained in S4 and shows the outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the dry land and the seeds of the excellent F4 generation strain which is obtained in S4 and shows the outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the water and fertilizer on the dry land in the dry land to obtain an F5 generation strain, and after selfing, selecting the seeds of the F5 generation strain which has excellent agronomic characters, namely the dry land wheat variety which is shuttle-bred on the paddy and dry land in different places;
the agronomic traits of the F5 generation strain with excellent agronomic traits in S5 comprise the high yield, disease resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance and comprehensive traits of a new strain.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for breeding a dry land wheat variety by shuttling between paddy and dry lands is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, hybridizing the female parent wheat and the male parent wheat to obtain F1 generation seeds;
s2, sowing the seeds of the F1 generation obtained in the S1 on a field block with irrigation conditions according to the plant spacing of 10cm, planting to obtain F1 generation single plants, selecting F1 generation single plants with excellent comprehensive properties to obtain F1 generation preferred single plants, dividing the F1 generation preferred single plants into two parts, selfing, respectively obtaining a first part of seeds of the F1 generation preferred single plant threshing and a second part of seeds of the F1 generation preferred single plant threshing, and synchronously sowing in different places, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
sowing the first F1 generation preferably single plant threshed seeds in a water field according to the plant spacing of 10cm, dibbling to obtain water and fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants, and selfing to obtain the seeds of water and fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants;
dibbling the second F1 generation preferably single-plant threshed seeds on a dry land according to the plant spacing of 10cm to obtain a dry-land F2 excellent single plant, and selfing to obtain seeds of a dry-land F2 excellent single plant;
s3, planting the seeds of the water-fertilizer F2 generation excellent single plants obtained in S2 in the allopatric dry land, selecting the single plants with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters to obtain F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land, and selfing to obtain seeds of F3 generation excellent single plants in the dry land;
planting the seeds of the dry land F2 excellent single plants obtained in the S2 in a different water and fertilizer land, selecting the single plants with excellent comprehensive properties to obtain F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land, and selfing to obtain seeds of F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land;
s4, planting the seeds of the F3 generation excellent single plants obtained in the S3 in the dry land to obtain F4 generation excellent plant lines in the dry land, selecting plant lines with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters in the dry land, and performing selfing to obtain seeds of the F4 generation excellent plant lines which show outstanding paddy and dry land on the dry land in a rotation manner;
planting the seeds of the F3 generation excellent single plants of the water and fertilizer land obtained in the S3 in the water and fertilizer land to obtain F4 generation single plants of the water and fertilizer land, selecting a plant line with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters of the water and fertilizer land, and selfing to obtain seeds of a plant line of the F4 generation excellent in paddy-upland field rotation and outstanding in water and fertilizer surface;
s5, planting the seeds of the excellent F4 generation strain which is obtained in S4 and shows the outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the dry land and the seeds of the excellent F4 generation strain which is obtained in S4 and shows the outstanding paddy-upland rotation on the water and fertilizer on the dry land in the dry land to obtain an F5 generation strain, and after selfing, selecting the seeds of the F5 generation strain which has excellent agronomic characters, namely the dry land wheat variety which is shuttle-bred on the paddy and dry land in different places.
2. The method for breeding the dry land wheat variety through the water-dry land shuttle breeding according to claim 1, wherein the indexes of the F1 generation single plant with excellent comprehensive properties in S2 comprise plant height of 80-85 cm, plant growth, stem elasticity and disease resistance.
3. The method for breeding the dry land wheat variety through the allopatric shuttle breeding of claim 1, wherein the indexes of the excellent comprehensive agronomic traits of the individual plants of the F3 generation in the dry land in S3 comprise drought resistance, cold tolerance, disease resistance and stable yield in the dry land;
the indexes of the excellent comprehensive agronomic traits of the F3 generation excellent single plants in the water and fertilizer land comprise the high yield and the disease resistance of the identified strain in the water and fertilizer land.
4. The method for breeding dry land wheat variety by the allopatric shuttle breeding of claim 1, wherein the index of the excellent agronomic character of the strain with excellent comprehensive agronomic character in the dry land in S4 comprises drought resistance, cold tolerance, disease resistance, stress resistance, stable yield and comprehensive character in the dry land;
the agronomic trait indexes of the water-fertilizer land comprehensive agronomic trait-excellent line in the S4 include high yield, high quality, disease resistance and comprehensive traits in the water-fertilizer land.
5. The method for breeding the dry wheat variety through the water-dry land shuttle breeding in the dry land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agronomic traits of the F5 generation strain with excellent agronomic traits in S5 include high yield, disease resistance, drought resistance, cold tolerance and comprehensive traits of the new strain.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102197784A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2011-09-28 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Directed cultivation method for drought-resisting water-saving variety of winter wheat |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102197784A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2011-09-28 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Directed cultivation method for drought-resisting water-saving variety of winter wheat |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 李岩华,张俊灵,孙美荣,田岗,申书珍: "晋麦63号选育方法的探讨" * |
| 杜文军等: "渭北塬区旱地小麦育种进展与育种策略探讨" * |
| 武高潮;陈洁;郭晓晨;侯伟;杜文军;王刚;: "高产广适小麦新品种宝麦8号的选育及栽培技术要点" * |
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Application publication date: 20220913 |