CN115039634A - Indoor mushroom planting method and special fertilizer spreading device thereof - Google Patents
Indoor mushroom planting method and special fertilizer spreading device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115039634A CN115039634A CN202210598129.1A CN202210598129A CN115039634A CN 115039634 A CN115039634 A CN 115039634A CN 202210598129 A CN202210598129 A CN 202210598129A CN 115039634 A CN115039634 A CN 115039634A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, in particular to an indoor mushroom planting method and a special fertilizer spreading device thereof. The method aims to solve the technical problems that the workload of the processing step of carrying out the fertilizer spreading work on the hypha of the mushroom is huge, and the fertilizer accumulated on the soil heap during the fertilizer spreading period damages the air permeability of the soil heap and influences the growth of the mushroom. The invention provides an indoor mushroom planting and fertilizer spreading device, which comprises a fertilizer spreading unit, a membrane smoothing unit and the like; the front side of the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with a membrane smoothing unit. During this technical scheme is in proper order taking off each region of heat preservation rete, by spreading fertilizer part and spreading fertilizer on the mound of soil through the even mode that the wind sent, smooth out the membrane part simultaneously and strain the heat preservation rete, smash the pine unit by being equipped with and remove the fertilizer of adhesion on the heat preservation rete to mix fertilizer and the earth on mound top layer, smash the pine unit simultaneously and prick the pine processing with earth to the fertilizer of mixing, improve the air permeability of mound of soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, in particular to an indoor mushroom planting method and a special fertilizer spreading device thereof.
Background
The mushroom is edible and medicinal, rich in nutrition, a tonic for human nutrition, widely planted all over the world, and can be divided into three types, namely clinker bag-removing cultivation, outdoor bag-removing cultivation and outdoor raw material cultivation, wherein the most common clinker bag-removing cultivation method is a clinker bag-removing cultivation method.
The hypha is in the growth period, need regularly to spread fertile work to the hypha, make the hypha can grow fast, because the soil heap of cultivation hypha is spread the one deck heat preservation rete, need all reveal this rete before spreading fertile work, spread fertile work again, still need spread the heat preservation rete again after accomplishing to spread fertile work and back to the soil heap, to the farmland that has the fungus mushroom of large tracts of land cultivation, this processing step work load is huge, and in spreading fertile period, still need pay attention to spread the fertilizer evenly, and make full contact between fertilizer and the soil heap, if certain department on the soil heap is piled up a large amount of fertilizers, will destroy the air permeability of this soil heap, influence the growth of fungus mushroom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an indoor mushroom planting method and a special fertilizer spreading device thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects that the workload of processing steps for regularly spreading the fertilizer on the hypha of mushroom is huge, and if a large amount of fertilizer is accumulated at a certain position on a soil pile during the fertilizer spreading period, the air permeability of the soil pile is damaged, and the growth of the mushroom is influenced.
An indoor mushroom planting method comprises the following working steps:
s1: processing fertilizer, namely mixing plant cereal shells, dry poultry manure, poultry eggshells, urea and gypsum in a proportion of 40: 30: 10: 2: 1, drying at high temperature, and then uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a fertilizer;
s2: sterilizing, namely cooking the obtained fertilizer at high temperature under high pressure to finish sterilization;
s3: scattering, grinding the agglomerated fertilizer into fine powder, and sieving by using a screen mesh to ensure that the particle size of the fertilizer is uniform, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lumping of massive fertilizer;
s4: spreading fertilizer, uncovering the heat preservation film layer laid on the soil heap, uniformly spreading the scattered fertilizer on the surface layer of the soil heap cultivated with hypha, and mixing the scattered fertilizer with soil on the surface layer of the soil heap;
s5: the soil pile is loosened by smashing, and air flow is blown downwards from the top of the soil pile mixed with the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer and the soil mixture on the surface layer of the soil pile are blown away all around, the phenomenon of large-area accumulation of the fertilizer is avoided, and meanwhile, the knocking rod with the bur structure is used for knocking the fertilizer and the soil mixture on the surface layer of the soil pile, so that a large number of air holes are reserved between the fertilizer and the soil, and the air permeability of the soil pile is improved.
An indoor mushroom planting and fertilizer spreading device comprises a fertilizer spreading unit, a film smoothing unit, a smashing unit, a main support body, a driving wheel, a balance wheel, a bidirectional air pump, a feeding hopper and a middle fixing frame; the left side and the right side of the main bracket body are respectively provided with a driving wheel; two balance wheels are respectively arranged at the left part and the right part of the lower side of the main bracket body; the upper side of the main bracket body is provided with a bidirectional air pump; the upper side of the bidirectional air pump is fixedly connected with a feed hopper; the middle part of the main bracket body is fixedly connected with a middle part fixing bracket; the middle fixing frame is connected with a fertilizer spreading unit; the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with the two driving wheels; the bidirectional air pump is connected with the fertilizer spreading unit through two feeding pipes; the front side of the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with a film smoothing unit; the lower side of the film smoothing unit is connected with a loosening unit; the fertilizer spreading component sequentially uncovers all areas of the heat preservation film layer, during the uncovering period of the heat preservation film layer, the fertilizer spreading component uniformly spreads the fertilizer on the soil pile in a wind conveying mode, meanwhile, the heat preservation film layer is smoothed out by the film smoothing component, the fertilizer adhered to the heat preservation film layer is removed by the smashing unit, the fertilizer and soil on the surface layer of the soil pile are mixed by the smashing unit, and the mixed fertilizer and soil are loosened by the smashing unit when soil on the surface layer of the soil pile is smashed.
Furthermore, the fertilizer spreading unit comprises a driving motor, a first rotating shaft, a first straight gear, a roller, a hollow rotating shaft, a second straight gear, an elastic steel sheet, a first mounting frame, a second rotating shaft, a material distributing barrel, a C-shaped baffle, a toothed ring and a third straight gear; the left side of the middle fixing frame is connected with a driving motor; the middle part of the middle fixing frame is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft; the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft; the left end and the right end of the first rotating shaft are fixedly connected with a first straight gear respectively; the left side and the right side of the first rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected with a roller; the lower part of the left side of the middle fixing frame and the lower part of the right side of the middle fixing frame are respectively fixedly connected with a first mounting frame; the middle parts of the two first mounting frames are respectively rotatably connected with a hollow rotating shaft; the front sides of the two first mounting frames are fixedly connected with a second mounting frame respectively; the hollow rotating shaft on the left side and the two second mounting frames are connected with the film smoothing unit; the two second mounting frames are connected with the tamping units; the outer ends of the two hollow rotating shafts are respectively fixedly connected with a second straight gear; the two groups of second straight gears are respectively meshed with one first straight gear; a plurality of elastic steel sheets are fixedly connected around the inner ends of the two hollow rotating shafts respectively; the outer end of each elastic steel sheet is provided with a lug structure; the roller is tightly attached to an elastic steel sheet below the roller; the inner sides of the two hollow rotating shafts are respectively and rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft which is of a hollow structure; a material distributing barrel is communicated between the two second rotating shafts, and the two second rotating shafts are fixedly connected with the material distributing barrel; the two-way air pump is communicated with a second rotating shaft through a feeding pipe respectively, and the two feeding pipes are rotatably connected with the second rotating shaft respectively; a C-shaped baffle is fixedly connected between the rear sides of the two second mounting frames; the inner side of the C-shaped baffle is tightly attached to the material separating barrel; the outer ends of the two second rotating shafts are respectively fixedly connected with a third straight gear; the outer ring surfaces of the two driving wheels are respectively fixedly connected with a gear ring; the two groups of toothed rings are respectively meshed with a third straight gear.
Furthermore, the middle part of each elastic steel sheet is provided with a slot with the same width as the roller.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the material separating cylinder is provided with a material separating groove with a spiral structure.
Further, the film smoothing unit comprises a first driving wheel, a third rotating shaft, a second driving wheel, a deflector rod and a support rod; a third rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the front sides of the two second mounting frames; a first driving wheel is fixedly connected with the hollow rotating shaft on the left side; the left end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a second driving wheel; a transmission belt is wound between the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel; a plurality of deflector rods are fixedly connected around the middle part of the outer surface of the third rotating shaft; and the lower sides of the two second mounting frames are fixedly connected with a support rod respectively.
Furthermore, the tamping unit comprises a fourth rotating shaft, a first torsion spring and a soil compacting assembly; a fourth rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the lower sides of the two second mounting frames; a first torsion spring is fixedly connected between the fourth rotating shaft and the two second mounting frames respectively, and the two first torsion springs are sleeved on the outer surface of the fourth rotating shaft; the front side of the fourth rotating shaft is connected with a soil compacting component.
Furthermore, the soil compacting component comprises a pressing plate, a rubber elastic sheet and a rubber rod; the front side of the fourth rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of pressing plates; the front end of each pressure plate is fixedly connected with a rubber elastic sheet; the front end of each rubber elastic sheet is fixedly connected with a rubber rod.
Furthermore, a plurality of protruding structures are respectively arranged on the lower side of each rubber rod.
The feeding hopper is provided with a bulk cargo unit, and the bulk cargo unit comprises a third driving wheel, a shaft seat, a fifth rotating shaft, a fourth driving wheel, a missing gear, a sixth rotating shaft, a fourth straight gear, a second torsion spring and a toothed plate; a third driving wheel is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating shaft; the upper side of the main bracket body is fixedly connected with a shaft seat; a fifth rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the shaft seat and the feed hopper; the left end of the fifth rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a fourth driving wheel; a transmission belt is wound between the third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel; a gear lack wheel is fixedly connected to the right end of the fifth rotating shaft; the front side and the rear side of the feed hopper are respectively and rotatably connected with a sixth rotating shaft; the left ends of the two sixth rotating shafts are respectively fixedly connected with a fourth straight gear; a second torsion spring is fixedly connected between the two fourth straight gears and the feed hopper support respectively, and the two second torsion springs are sleeved on the outer surface of a sixth rotating shaft respectively; a toothed plate is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two sixth rotating shafts respectively; the teeth of the two toothed plates are staggered with each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the technical problems that the workload of processing steps for regularly carrying out fertilizer spreading work on hypha of the mushroom is huge, and if a large amount of fertilizer is accumulated at a certain position on a soil pile during the fertilizer spreading period, the air permeability of the soil pile is damaged, and the growth of the mushroom is influenced are solved; the technical scheme provides an indoor mushroom planting method and a special fertilizer spreading device thereof, wherein the fertilizer spreading device is combined with the indoor mushroom planting method and is provided with a fertilizer spreading part capable of automatically uncovering a film and uniformly spreading fertilizer, the fertilizer spreading part sequentially uncovers all areas of a heat insulation film layer and sequentially puts the heat insulation film layer back to a soil pile in the process of moving transversely along the soil pile, the fertilizer is uniformly spread on the soil pile by the fertilizer spreading part in an air conveying mode during the period that the heat insulation film layer is uncovered, the heat insulation film layer is filtered by the arranged film smoothing part, the fertilizer adhered on the heat insulation film layer is flicked by the arranged ramming unit, the flicked fertilizer falls back to the soil pile, the fertilizer is mixed with soil on the surface layer of the soil pile by the ramming unit, the ramming unit performs ramming treatment on the mixed fertilizer and the soil when the ramming unit smashes the soil on the surface layer of the soil pile, so that a large number of air holes are reserved between the fertilizer and the soil, improve the air permeability of the soil heap and realize the intelligent and efficient automatic fertilizer spreading work.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial perspective view of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a fertilizer spreading unit of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the elastic steel sheet of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a C-shaped baffle of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a material separating cylinder according to the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a film smoothing unit according to the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a tamping unit according to the present application;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the V region of the tamper unit of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a rubber pole of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a bulk unit according to the present application;
fig. 13 is a fragmentary section of the bulk unit of the present application.
In the above drawings: 1-main support body, 2-driving wheel, 3-balance wheel, 4-bidirectional air pump, 41-feeding pipe, 5-feeding hopper, 6-middle fixing frame, 7-soil pile, 8-heat preservation film layer, 101-driving motor, 102-first rotating shaft, 103-first straight gear, 104-roller, 105-hollow rotating shaft, 106-second straight gear, 107-elastic steel sheet, 1081-first mounting frame, 1082-second mounting frame, 109-second rotating shaft, 110-material separating barrel, 111-C-shaped baffle, 112-toothed ring, 113-third straight gear, 201-first driving wheel, 202-third rotating shaft, 203-second driving wheel, 204-driving rod, 205-supporting rod, 301-fourth rotating shaft, 302-first torsion spring, 303-a pressing plate, 304-a rubber elastic sheet, 305-a rubber rod, 401-a third driving wheel, 402-a shaft seat, 403-a fifth rotating shaft, 404-a fourth driving wheel, 405-a missing gear, 406-a sixth rotating shaft, 407-a fourth straight gear, 408-a second torsion spring and 409-a toothed plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The plant hulls used in the examples of the present invention are sorghum grains.
An indoor cultivation method for mushrooms comprises the following working steps:
s1: processing fertilizer, namely mixing plant cereal shells, dry poultry manure, poultry eggshells, urea and gypsum in a proportion of 40: 30: 10: 2: 1, drying at high temperature, and then uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a fertilizer;
s2: sterilizing, and cooking the obtained fertilizer at high temperature under high pressure to finish sterilization;
s3: scattering, grinding the agglomerated fertilizer into fine powder, and sieving by using a screen mesh to ensure that the particle size of the fertilizer is uniform, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lumping of massive fertilizer;
s4: spreading fertilizer, uncovering the heat preservation film layer laid on the soil heap, uniformly spreading the scattered fertilizer on the surface layer of the soil heap cultivated with hypha, and mixing the scattered fertilizer with soil on the surface layer of the soil heap;
s5: the soil pile is loosened by smashing, and air flow is blown downwards from the top of the soil pile mixed with the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer and the soil mixture on the surface layer of the soil pile are blown away all around, the phenomenon of large-area accumulation of the fertilizer is avoided, and meanwhile, the knocking rod with the bur structure is used for knocking the fertilizer and the soil mixture on the surface layer of the soil pile, so that a large number of air holes are reserved between the fertilizer and the soil, and the air permeability of the soil pile is improved.
Example 1
An indoor mushroom planting and fertilizer spreading device is shown in figures 1-11 and comprises a fertilizer spreading unit, a membrane smoothing unit, a loosening unit, a main bracket body 1, a driving wheel 2, a balance wheel 3, a bidirectional air pump 4, a feed hopper 5 and a middle fixing frame 6; the left side and the right side of the main bracket body 1 are respectively provided with a driving wheel 2; two balance wheels 3 are respectively arranged at the left part and the right part of the lower side of the main bracket body 1; the upper side of the main bracket body 1 is provided with a bidirectional air pump 4; the upper side of the bidirectional air pump 4 is fixedly connected with a feed hopper 5; the middle part of the main bracket body 1 is fixedly connected with a middle part fixing bracket 6; the middle fixing frame 6 is connected with a fertilizer spreading unit; the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with the two driving wheels 2; the bidirectional air pump 4 is connected with the fertilizer spreading unit through two feeding pipes 41; the front side of the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with a film smoothing unit; the lower side of the film smoothing unit is connected with a loosening unit.
As shown in fig. 3-7, the fertilizer spreading unit 001 includes a driving motor 101, a first rotating shaft 102, a first spur gear 103, a roller 104, a hollow rotating shaft 105, a second spur gear 106, an elastic steel sheet 107, a first mounting bracket 1081, a second mounting bracket 1082, a second rotating shaft 109, a distributing cylinder 110, a C-shaped baffle 111, a toothed ring 112 and a third spur gear 113; the left side of the middle fixing frame 6 is connected with a driving motor 101; the middle part of the middle fixing frame 6 is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft 102; an output shaft of the driving motor 101 is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft 102; a first straight gear 103 is fixedly connected to the left end and the right end of the first rotating shaft 102 respectively; a roller 104 is fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the first rotating shaft 102; the lower part of the left side and the lower part of the right side of the middle fixing frame 6 are respectively connected with a first mounting frame 1081 through bolts; the middle parts of the two first mounting frames 1081 are respectively and rotatably connected with a hollow rotating shaft 105; a second mounting bracket 1082 is welded on the front side of each of the two first mounting brackets 1081; the hollow rotating shaft 105 on the left side and the two second mounting frames 1082 are connected with the film smoothing unit 002; the two second mounting brackets 1082 are both connected with the tamping unit 003; the outer ends of the two hollow rotating shafts 105 are respectively fixedly connected with a second straight gear 106; two groups of second straight gears 106 are respectively meshed with one first straight gear 103; a plurality of elastic steel sheets 107 are fixedly connected around the inner ends of the two hollow rotating shafts 105; the middle part of each elastic steel sheet 107 is provided with a slot with the same width as the roller 104; the outer end of each elastic steel sheet 107 is provided with a lug structure; the roller 104 is tightly attached to an elastic steel sheet 107 below the roller; the inner sides of the two hollow rotating shafts 105 are respectively and rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft 109, and the second rotating shafts 109 are of hollow structures; a material separating barrel 110 is communicated between the two second rotating shafts 109, and the two second rotating shafts 109 are fixedly connected with the material separating barrel 110; the outer surface of the material separating barrel 110 is provided with a material separating groove with a spiral structure; the bidirectional air pump 4 is respectively communicated with a second rotating shaft 109 through a feeding pipe 41, and the two feeding pipes 41 are respectively connected with the second rotating shaft 109 in a rotating way; a C-shaped baffle 111 is bolted between the rear sides of the two second mounting brackets 1082; the inner side of the C-shaped baffle 111 is tightly attached to the material separating barrel 110; the outer ends of the two second rotating shafts 109 are respectively fixedly connected with a third straight gear 113; the outer ring surfaces of the two driving wheels 2 are respectively fixedly connected with a gear ring 112; the two sets of toothed rings 112 are each engaged with a third spur gear 113.
As shown in fig. 3, 8 and 9, the film smoothing unit 002 includes a first driving wheel 201, a third rotating shaft 202, a second driving wheel 203, a deflector rod 204 and a support rod 205; a third rotating shaft 202 is rotatably connected between the front sides of the two second mounting brackets 1082; a first driving wheel 201 is fixedly connected with the left hollow rotating shaft 105; the left end of the third rotating shaft 202 is fixedly connected with a second driving wheel 203; a transmission belt is wound between the first transmission wheel 201 and the second transmission wheel 203; a plurality of shift levers 204 are fixedly connected around the middle part of the outer surface of the third rotating shaft 202; one brace 205 is welded to the underside of each of the two second mounts 1082.
As shown in fig. 3, and fig. 8-11, the tamper unit 003 includes a fourth shaft 301, a first torsion spring 302 and a soil compacting assembly; a fourth rotating shaft 301 is rotatably connected between the lower sides of the two second mounting brackets 1082; a first torsion spring 302 is fixedly connected between the fourth rotating shaft 301 and the two second mounting brackets 1082, and the two first torsion springs 302 are sleeved on the outer surface of the fourth rotating shaft 301; the front side of the fourth rotating shaft 301 is connected with a soil compacting assembly.
As shown in fig. 8 and 11, the soil compacting assembly includes a pressing plate 303, a rubber spring 304 and a rubber rod 305; a plurality of pressing plates 303 are welded on the front side of the fourth rotating shaft 301; the front end of each pressure plate 303 is fixedly connected with a rubber elastic sheet 304; the front end of each rubber elastic sheet 304 is fixedly connected with a rubber rod 305; the underside of each rubber rod 305 is provided with a plurality of barbed structures.
The mushroom indoor planting and fertilizer spreading device is transversely arranged above a soil pile 7, then a driving wheel 2 pushes a balance wheel 3 to drive the whole device to move along the soil pile 7, so that a fertilizer spreading unit sequentially passes through each area of a heat preservation film layer 8 above the soil pile 7 and is sequentially lifted by the fertilizer spreading unit, meanwhile, an operator sequentially pours fertilizer containing plant cereal shells into a feed hopper 5, the fertilizer drops down along the feed hopper 5 and is respectively fed into the fertilizer spreading unit along two feed pipes 41 by a bidirectional air pump 4, the fertilizer spreading unit uniformly spreads the fertilizer on the soil pile 7, meanwhile, a film smoothing unit filters the area where the heat preservation film layer 8 is lifted, a smashing unit flicks the fertilizer adhered on the heat preservation film layer 8, the flicked fertilizer falls back to the soil pile 7, the smashing unit mixes the fertilizer with soil on the surface layer of the soil pile 7, and when the smashing unit smashes soil on the surface layer of the soil pile 7, and (3) the mixed fertilizer and soil are subjected to loosening treatment, so that a large number of air holes are reserved between the fertilizer and the soil, the air permeability of the soil pile 7 is improved, and the fertilizer spreading work is completed.
In the process that the driving wheel 2 pushes the balance wheel 3 to drive the whole device to move along the soil heap 7, firstly, the output shaft of the driving motor 101 drives the first rotating shaft 102 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 102 drives the first straight gear 103 and the roller 104 to rotate, the first straight gear 103 is meshed with the second straight gear 106 to drive the hollow rotating shaft 105 and the elastic steel sheet 107 to rotate, during the process, the end part of the heat insulation film layer 8 on the soil heap 7 is upwards uncovered by the elastic steel sheet 107 which upwards rises through the convex block structure at the outer end of the elastic steel sheet 107, so that the end part of the heat insulation film layer 8 is upwards uncovered between the roller 104 and the elastic steel sheet 107, then, as the whole device continues to move along the soil heap 7, the continuously rotating elastic steel sheets 107 cooperate with the rollers 104 to sequentially uncover each region of the heat insulation film layer 8, and the uncovered regions of the heat insulation film layer 8 are placed back onto the soil heap 7 after passing through the two support rods 205, so that spaces for fertilizer spreading work sequentially appear between the heat insulation film layer 8 and the soil heap 7.
During the period that each area of the heat preservation film layer 8 is uncovered, the bidirectional air pump 4 respectively feeds the fertilizer into the second rotating shaft 109 and the distributing cylinder 110 along the two feeding pipes 41, so that the fertilizer is flushed into the distributing cylinder 110 along with the air flow, the rotating driving wheel 2 simultaneously drives the toothed ring 112 to rotate, the toothed ring 112 is meshed with the third spur gear 113 to drive the second rotating shaft 109 and the distributing cylinder 110 to rotate, all areas of the spiral distributing groove of the distributing cylinder 110 are sequentially exposed from the lower side notch of the C-shaped baffle 111, the fertilizer is sequentially paved on the soil heap 7 from outside to inside along the distributing groove of the distributing cylinder 110 along with the air flow, and during the period that the fertilizer falls on the soil heap 7, the air flow blown out of the distributing groove of the distributing cylinder 110 blows the fertilizer all around, the local accumulation phenomenon of the fertilizer on the soil heap 7 is avoided, and the fertilizer paving uniformity is improved.
During the work period of spreading the fertilizer, the hollow rotating shaft 105 on the left side of the material distributing barrel 110 drives the first driving wheel 201 to rotate, the first driving wheel 201 drives the second driving wheel 203 to rotate through the driving belt, the second driving wheel 203 drives the third rotating shaft 202 and the shifting rod 204 to rotate, the rotating shifting rod 204 performs smoothing work from the middle of the region where the heat preservation film layer 8 is uncovered, and the phenomenon that the heat preservation film layer 8 is folded in a large area when being placed back to the soil pile 7 is avoided.
When the second transmission wheel 203 drives the third rotation shaft 202 and the shift lever 204 to rotate, when the rotating shift lever 204 passes downward through the pressing plate 303, the shifting lever 204 pushes the pressing plate 303 to drive the fourth rotating shaft 301 and the first torsion spring 302 to twist downwards, so that the pressing plate 303 drives the rubber rod 305 to press in the fertilizer on the soil heap 7 through the rubber elastic sheet 304, the fertilizer is mixed with the soil on the surface layer of the soil heap 7, meanwhile, the rubber rod 305 performs the pricking and loosening treatment on the mixed fertilizer and the soil through the protruding thorn structure at the lower side, so that a large number of air holes are reserved between the fertilizer and the soil, when the rotating shift lever 204 leaves the pressing plate 303, the fourth rotating shaft 301 at the top end of the twisted first torsion spring 302 and the pressing plate 303 bounce upwards to reset, so that the pressing plate 303 drives the rubber rod 305 to bounce and strike the lower surface of the heat preservation film layer 8 through the rubber elastic sheet 304, the fertilizer adhered to the lower surface of the heat-insulating film layer 8 is flicked off, so that the fertilizer which is blown up by the airflow and adhered to the lower surface of the heat-insulating film layer 8 is flicked and falls back to the soil heap 7.
Example 2
The present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3 to 13, the present embodiment further includes a bulk material unit 004, the feed hopper 5 is provided with the bulk material unit 004, and the bulk material unit 004 includes a third transmission wheel 401, a shaft seat 402, a fifth rotation shaft 403, a fourth transmission wheel 404, a third missing gear 405, a sixth rotation shaft 406, a fourth spur gear 407, a second torsion spring 408 and a toothed plate 409; a third driving wheel 401 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 102; the upper side of the main bracket body 1 is connected with a shaft seat 402 through a bolt; a fifth rotating shaft 403 is rotatably connected between the shaft seat 402 and the feed hopper 5; a fourth driving wheel 404 is fixedly connected to the left end of the fifth rotating shaft 403; a transmission belt is wound between the third transmission wheel 401 and the fourth transmission wheel 404; a third gear 405 is fixedly connected to the right end of the fifth rotating shaft 403; the front side and the rear side of the feed hopper 5 are respectively and rotatably connected with a sixth rotating shaft 406; the left ends of the two sixth rotating shafts 406 are respectively fixedly connected with a fourth straight gear 407; a second torsion spring 408 is fixedly connected between each of the two fourth spur gears 407 and the bracket of the feed hopper 5, and each of the two second torsion springs 408 is sleeved on the outer surface of a sixth rotating shaft 406; two toothed plates 409 are welded on the opposite sides of the two sixth rotating shafts 406 respectively; the teeth of the two toothed plates 409 are staggered with respect to each other.
An operator pours fertilizer into the feed hopper 5 in sequence, the rotating first rotating shaft 102 drives the third driving wheel 401 to rotate, the third driving wheel 401 drives the fourth driving wheel 404 to drive the fifth rotating shaft 403 and the gear lacking wheel 405 to rotate through the driving belt, when the gear lacking wheel 405 passes through the fourth straight gear 407, the gear lacking wheel 405 is meshed with the fourth straight gear 407 to drive the sixth rotating shaft 406 and the second torsion spring 408 to twist, the sixth rotating shaft 406 drives the toothed plate 409 to turn over in the feed hopper 5, when the gear lacking wheel 405 leaves the fourth straight gear 407, the twisted second torsion spring 408 drives the sixth rotating shaft 406 and the toothed plate 409 to turn over and reset, so that the two toothed plates 409 can swing back and forth in a crossed manner, fertilizer falling into the feed hopper 5 can be scattered by the two toothed plates 409 when being hit between the two toothed plates 409, and the passing efficiency of the fertilizer in the feed pipe 41, the second rotating shaft 109 and the sub-barrel 110 is improved.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An indoor mushroom planting method is characterized by comprising the following working steps:
s1: processing fertilizer, namely mixing plant cereal shells, dry poultry manure, poultry eggshells, urea and gypsum in a proportion of 40: 30: 10: 2: 1, drying at high temperature, and then uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a fertilizer;
s2: sterilizing, and cooking the obtained fertilizer at high temperature under high pressure to finish sterilization;
s3: scattering, grinding the agglomerated fertilizer into fine powder, and sieving by using a screen mesh to ensure that the particle size of the fertilizer is uniform, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lumping of massive fertilizer;
s4: spreading fertilizer, uncovering the heat preservation film layer laid on the soil heap, uniformly spreading the scattered fertilizer on the surface layer of the soil heap cultivated with hypha, and mixing the scattered fertilizer with soil on the surface layer of the soil heap;
s5: the soil pile is loosened by smashing, and airflow is blown downwards from the top of the soil pile mixed with the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer and the soil mixture on the surface layer of the soil pile are blown away all around, the phenomenon of large-area accumulation of the fertilizer is avoided, and meanwhile, the knocking rod with the bur structure is used for knocking the fertilizer and the soil mixture on the surface layer of the soil pile, so that a large number of air holes are reserved between the fertilizer and the soil, and the air permeability of the soil pile is improved.
2. An indoor mushroom planting and fertilizer spreading device is suitable for the indoor mushroom planting method according to claim 1, and comprises a main support body (1), a driving wheel (2), a balance wheel (3), a bidirectional air pump (4), a feed hopper (5) and a middle fixing frame (6); the left side and the right side of the main bracket body (1) are respectively provided with a driving wheel (2); two balance wheels (3) are respectively arranged at the left part and the right part of the lower side of the main bracket body (1); the upper side of the main bracket body (1) is provided with a bidirectional air pump (4); a feed hopper (5) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bidirectional air pump (4); a middle fixing frame (6) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the main bracket body (1); it is characterized by also comprising a fertilizer spreading unit, a membrane smoothing unit and a loosening unit; the middle fixing frame (6) is connected with a fertilizer spreading unit; the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with two driving wheels (2); the bidirectional air pump (4) is connected with the fertilizer spreading unit through two feeding pipes (41); the front side of the fertilizer spreading unit is connected with a film smoothing unit; the lower side of the film smoothing unit is connected with a smashing unit; spread fertile part and take off each region that the heat preservation membrane wore (8) in proper order, during heat preservation membrane wore (8) was taken off, spread fertilizer by spreading fertile part through the even mode of wind-force send and spill on mound (7), simultaneously by smoothing out the membrane part and smooth out heat preservation membrane wore (8), and smash the unit and remove the fertilizer that adheres on heat preservation membrane wore (8) by smashing, smash the pine unit and mix fertilizer and the earth on mound (7) top layer, smash the pine unit and when smashing the earth to mound (7) top layer, prick the pine and handle mixed fertilizer and earth.
3. The indoor mushroom planting and fertilizer spreading device according to claim 2, wherein the fertilizer spreading unit (001) comprises a driving motor (101), a first rotating shaft (102), a first straight gear (103), a roller (104), a hollow rotating shaft (105), a second straight gear (106), an elastic steel sheet (107), a first mounting frame (1081), a second mounting frame (1082), a second rotating shaft (109), a material distributing cylinder (110), a C-shaped baffle (111), a toothed ring (112) and a third straight gear (113); the left side of the middle fixing frame (6) is connected with a driving motor (101); the middle part of the middle fixing frame (6) is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft (102); an output shaft of the driving motor (101) is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft (102); the left end and the right end of the first rotating shaft (102) are fixedly connected with a first straight gear (103) respectively; the left side and the right side of the first rotating shaft (102) are respectively fixedly connected with a roller (104); the lower part of the left side and the lower part of the right side of the middle fixing frame (6) are respectively fixedly connected with a first mounting frame (1081); the middle parts of the two first mounting frames (1081) are respectively and rotatably connected with a hollow rotating shaft (105); a second mounting rack (1082) is fixedly connected to the front sides of the two first mounting racks (1081); the hollow rotating shaft (105) on the left side and the two second mounting frames (1082) are connected with the film smoothing unit (002); the two second mounting frames (1082) are connected with the tamping unit (003); the outer ends of the two hollow rotating shafts (105) are respectively fixedly connected with a second straight gear (106); two groups of second straight gears (106) are respectively meshed with one first straight gear (103); a plurality of elastic steel sheets (107) are fixedly connected around the inner ends of the two hollow rotating shafts (105); the outer end of each elastic steel sheet (107) is provided with a lug structure; the roller (104) is tightly attached to an elastic steel sheet (107) below the roller; the inner sides of the two hollow rotating shafts (105) are respectively and rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft (109), and the second rotating shafts (109) are of hollow structures; a material distributing cylinder (110) is communicated between the two second rotating shafts (109), and the two second rotating shafts (109) are fixedly connected with the material distributing cylinder (110); the two-way air pump (4) is communicated with a second rotating shaft (109) through a feeding pipe (41), and the two feeding pipes (41) are respectively in rotating connection with the second rotating shaft (109); a C-shaped baffle (111) is fixedly connected between the rear sides of the two second mounting frames (1082); the inner side of the C-shaped baffle (111) is tightly attached to the material separating barrel (110); the outer ends of the two second rotating shafts (109) are respectively fixedly connected with a third straight gear (113); the outer ring surfaces of the two driving wheels (2) are respectively fixedly connected with a gear ring (112); the two groups of toothed rings (112) are respectively meshed with a third spur gear (113).
4. An indoor mushroom planting and fertilizing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the middle of each elastic steel sheet (107) is provided with a slot with the same width as the roller (104).
5. The indoor mushroom planting and fertilizing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the outer surface of the material separating cylinder (110) is provided with material separating grooves of a spiral structure.
6. An indoor mushroom planting and fertilizing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the membrane smoothing unit (002) comprises a first driving wheel (201), a third rotating shaft (202), a second driving wheel (203), a deflector rod (204) and a support rod (205); a third rotating shaft (202) is rotatably connected between the front sides of the two second mounting frames (1082); a first transmission wheel (201) is fixedly connected with the left hollow rotating shaft (105); the left end of the third rotating shaft (202) is fixedly connected with a second driving wheel (203); a transmission belt is wound between the first transmission wheel (201) and the second transmission wheel (203); a plurality of deflector rods (204) are fixedly connected in the middle of the outer surface of the third rotating shaft (202); and a support rod (205) is fixedly connected to the lower sides of the two second mounting frames (1082) respectively.
7. An indoor mushroom cultivation and fertilization device according to claim 3, wherein the tamping unit (003) comprises a fourth rotating shaft (301), a first torsion spring (302) and a soil compacting component; a fourth rotating shaft (301) is rotatably connected between the lower sides of the two second mounting frames (1082); a first torsion spring (302) is fixedly connected between the fourth rotating shaft (301) and the two second mounting frames (1082), and the two first torsion springs (302) are sleeved on the outer surface of the fourth rotating shaft (301); the front side of the fourth rotating shaft (301) is connected with a soil compacting component.
8. A mushroom indoor planting and fertilizing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the soil compacting assembly comprises a pressing plate (303), a rubber spring plate (304) and a rubber rod (305); the front side of the fourth rotating shaft (301) is fixedly connected with a plurality of pressing plates (303); the front end of each pressure plate (303) is fixedly connected with a rubber elastic sheet (304); the front end of each rubber elastic sheet (304) is fixedly connected with a rubber rod (305).
9. A mushroom indoor planting and fertilizing device according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of bur structures are respectively arranged on the lower side of each rubber rod (305).
10. The indoor mushroom planting and fertilizer spreading device according to claim 3, further comprising a bulk material unit (004), wherein the feed hopper (5) is provided with the bulk material unit (004), and the bulk material unit (004) comprises a third transmission wheel (401), a shaft seat (402), a fifth rotating shaft (403), a fourth transmission wheel (404), a missing gear (405), a sixth rotating shaft (406), a fourth spur gear (407), a second torsion spring (408) and a toothed plate (409); a third driving wheel (401) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (102); the upper side of the main bracket body (1) is fixedly connected with a shaft seat (402); a fifth rotating shaft (403) is rotatably connected between the shaft seat (402) and the feed hopper (5); a fourth driving wheel (404) is fixedly connected to the left end of the fifth rotating shaft (403); a transmission belt is wound between the third transmission wheel (401) and the fourth transmission wheel (404); a gear lack wheel (405) is fixedly connected to the right end of the fifth rotating shaft (403); the front side and the rear side of the feed hopper (5) are respectively and rotatably connected with a sixth rotating shaft (406); the left ends of the two sixth rotating shafts (406) are respectively fixedly connected with a fourth straight gear (407); a second torsion spring (408) is fixedly connected between each of the two fourth straight gears (407) and the bracket of the feed hopper (5), and each of the two second torsion springs (408) is sleeved on the outer surface of a sixth rotating shaft (406); a toothed plate (409) is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two sixth rotating shafts (406); the teeth of the two toothed plates (409) are staggered.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210598129.1A CN115039634A (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Indoor mushroom planting method and special fertilizer spreading device thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210598129.1A CN115039634A (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Indoor mushroom planting method and special fertilizer spreading device thereof |
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| KR20010070902A (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2001-07-27 | 이희범 | always available mushroom cultivating house |
| JP2007282560A (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-11-01 | Nippon Kinoko Kenkyusho | Mushroom-bed cultivation method and method and apparatus for producing mushroom bed |
| CN110036824A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-23 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of cultural method of salt-soda soil hickory chick |
| CN111771613A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-16 | 灌南县福田五棵树食用菌有限公司 | Bed cultivation method for pleurotus eryngii |
| CN212232118U (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-12-29 | 阿依姑丽·那买提 | Novel fertilization is planted to maize device |
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2022
- 2022-05-30 CN CN202210598129.1A patent/CN115039634A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010070902A (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2001-07-27 | 이희범 | always available mushroom cultivating house |
| JP2007282560A (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-11-01 | Nippon Kinoko Kenkyusho | Mushroom-bed cultivation method and method and apparatus for producing mushroom bed |
| CN110036824A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-23 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of cultural method of salt-soda soil hickory chick |
| CN212232118U (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-12-29 | 阿依姑丽·那买提 | Novel fertilization is planted to maize device |
| CN111771613A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-16 | 灌南县福田五棵树食用菌有限公司 | Bed cultivation method for pleurotus eryngii |
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