CN115039623A - Replace grassland rail and reduce discharging solid novel plant protection protective screen of carbon - Google Patents

Replace grassland rail and reduce discharging solid novel plant protection protective screen of carbon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115039623A
CN115039623A CN202210741143.2A CN202210741143A CN115039623A CN 115039623 A CN115039623 A CN 115039623A CN 202210741143 A CN202210741143 A CN 202210741143A CN 115039623 A CN115039623 A CN 115039623A
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grassland
caragana microphylla
spacing
adjacent
chenopodium
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Inventor
张文浩
任立飞
王天佐
杨安
侯龙鱼
顾雪莹
任丽昀
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K3/00Pasturing equipment, e.g. tethering devices; Grids for preventing cattle from straying; Electrified wire fencing

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon, wherein when a rainy season comes, two or four lines of caragana microphylla are fixedly planted along the boundary of a grassland area, two lines of caltrops are fixedly planted on the two sides of each caragana microphylla, two lines of kochia scoparia is fixedly planted on the outer sides of the caltrops, and alfalfa is scattered among plant strips; in the first year and the second year, crops are allowed to grow freely, and grazing and feeding are forbidden; in the third year, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium camelina and the kochia scoparia form a stable community and biomass, so that the effect of high-density barrier is achieved; in three years, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium hamatum and the wood and broom skin form a strip-shaped enclosure, so that the functions of limiting the grazing area, grazing time and grazing strength of livestock by the regional management of the grassland enclosure are achieved, the free shuttling of wild animals is guaranteed, the phenomenon that the livestock are injured or dead due to the collision of the enclosure and the hanging of the enclosure is avoided, wind and sand can be prevented, the natural landscape of the grassland is kept, the 'life-saving' forage grass is provided for cattle and sheep in winter and early spring, and the economic and ecological values are high.

Description

Replace grassland rail and reduce discharging solid novel plant protection protective screen of carbon
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grassland enclosure device, in particular to a novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences.
Background
In a grassland area, animals such as grazing horses, cattle, sheep and the like are mostly used for growing, excessive grazing of grassland vegetation is easily caused by a large amount of grazing, and in order to protect ecology and prevent excessive grazing, the grassland needs to be grazed in different areas, namely, the grassland is divided into different areas, grazing is carried out in each area in turn, and the pasture on the grassland is kept for rest; in order to divide a grassland into zones, fences need to be arranged on the grassland, the grassland is divided into mutually independent zones, a common method at present is to separately arrange a circle of cement columns at the boundary of each zone, then to enclose the zones along the cement columns by utilizing a steel wire mesh, and the steel wire mesh is fixed on the cement columns, so that the fences are dangerous in the using process, and animal cubs are easy to block on the steel wire mesh of the fences to cause injury; if the fence is not overhauled in time, the wire netting has larger holes, and adult animals can be clamped on the wire netting; in order to avoid damage, the fence needs to be overhauled manually; and the animals are checked whether to be blocked by the fence or not at intervals when needed, and once the check is not timely, inevitable serious consequences are easily caused. If the meshes of the steel wire mesh are too small, wild animals cannot pass through the steel wire mesh easily, and the phenomenon that the wild animals are injured or die due to hitting and hanging of fences is easy to occur, so that ecological balance is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a novel plant protection barrier which replaces a grassland fence and reduces emission and fixes carbon.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon comprises the following steps:
temporarily planting two or four rows of caragana microphylla along the boundary of a grassland area in rainy seasons, wherein the row spacing between adjacent caragana microphylla is 35-45 cm, and the planting spacing is 75-85 cm;
two rows of caltrops are fixedly planted on two sides of the caragana microphylla respectively, the row spacing between every two adjacent caltrops is 45-55 cm, the row spacing between every two adjacent lines of the caltrops is 25-35 cm, and the plant spacing is 35-45 cm;
respectively planting two rows of wood skin on the outer sides of the chenopodium hamatum, wherein the row spacing between the adjacent wood skin and the chenopodium hamatum is 45-55 cm, the row spacing between the adjacent two rows of wood skin is 35-45 cm, and the plant spacing is 25-35 cm;
step four, sowing alfalfa among strips formed by the plants in a scattered manner;
step five, after planting is finished, enabling crops to grow freely in the first year and the second year, and forbidding grazing and feeding;
and step six, in the third year, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium camellii and the kochia scoparia form a stable community and biomass, so that the effect of a high-density barrier is achieved.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the first step, small holes are punched along the boundary of the grassland area, and the caragana microphylla is planted in the holes.
As a preferred technical solution, in the first step, preferably, the row spacing of adjacent caragana microphylla is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 80 cm.
As a preferable technical solution, in the second step, preferably, the row spacing between adjacent ones of the chenopodium hamatum and the caragana microphylla is 45-55 cm, the row spacing between two adjacent rows of the chenopodium hamatum is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm.
In the third step, preferably, the row spacing between the adjacent wood skin and the caltrop is 45-55 cm, the row spacing between two adjacent rows of the wood skin is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 30 cm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the medicago sativa is medicago sativa of No. 1 of the family Zhongke.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the novel plant protection barrier capable of replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon temporarily in rainy seasons, two or four lines of caragana microphylla are fixedly planted along the boundary of a grassland area, two lines of caltrops are fixedly planted on two sides of each caragana microphylla, two lines of kochia scoparia is are fixedly planted on the outer sides of the caltrops, and alfalfa is scattered among strips of plants; after planting is finished, crops are allowed to grow freely in the first year and the second year, and grazing and feeding are forbidden; in the third year, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium camelina and the kochia scoparia form a stable community and biomass, so that the effect of high-density barrier is achieved; in three years, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium hamatum and the wood and broom skin form a strip-shaped enclosure, so that the functions of limiting the grazing area, grazing time and grazing strength of livestock by the regional management of the grassland enclosure are achieved, the free shuttling of wild animals is guaranteed, the phenomenon that the livestock are injured or dead due to the collision of the enclosure and the hanging of the enclosure is avoided, wind and sand can be prevented, the natural landscape of the grassland is kept, the 'life-saving' forage grass is provided for cattle and sheep in winter and early spring, and the economic and ecological values are high.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art realizes that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the description is illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
A novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon comprises the following steps:
temporarily planting two or four rows of caragana microphylla along the boundary of a grassland area in rainy seasons, wherein the row spacing of adjacent caragana microphylla is 35-45 cm, the row spacing is preferably 40cm, the planting spacing is 75-85 cm, and the planting spacing is preferably 80 cm;
for the situation that a grassland cement column steel wire mesh fence is arranged, the biological protection barrier replaces the original grassland fence, and two lines of caragana microphylla are fixedly planted on each side of the original grassland fence along two sides of the original grassland fence;
two rows of caltrops are fixedly planted on two sides of the caragana microphylla respectively, the row spacing between every two adjacent caltrops is 45-55 cm, preferably 50cm, the row spacing between every two adjacent caltrops is 25-35 cm, preferably 30cm, the plant spacing is 35-45 cm, and the plant spacing is preferably 40 cm;
respectively planting two rows of wooden skins on the outer sides of the chenopodium hamiltonii in a field planting mode, wherein the row spacing between the adjacent wooden skins and the chenopodium hamiltonii is 45-55 cm, preferably 50cm, the row spacing between the adjacent two rows of wooden skins is 35-45 cm, preferably 40cm, the plant spacing is 25-35 cm, and the plant spacing is preferably 30 cm;
step four, sowing alfalfa among strips formed by the plants in a scattered manner; the medicago sativa is medicago sativa of No. 1 of the family Zhongke;
step five, after planting is finished, enabling crops to grow freely in the first year and the second year, and forbidding grazing and feeding;
and step six, in the third year, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium camellii and the kochia scoparia form a stable community and biomass, so that the effect of a high-density barrier is achieved. The existing grassland fence is replaced, and after the plant barrier grows up, the original cement wire mesh grassland fence is dismantled.
In the first step, small holes are punched along two sides of the boundary line position of the grassland area, and the caragana microphylla is fixedly planted in the holes.
Plant selection principle:
caragana microphylla: caragana microphylla grows in semi-fixed and fixed sand, often the dominant species. It is pleasant to light, has strong adaptability, and is cold-resistant and high-temperature resistant. Can grow in barren and arid sandy land, loess hilly area, desert and semi-desert area. And the growth on sandy loam is rapid, and the annual average growth amount reaches 67 cm. Caragana microphylla has rhizobium and nitrogen fixing performance.
Chenopodium camellinum: the high-yield and high-quality half-shrub fine pasture can reach the height of about 1 meter, and can absorb the water on the surface layer of soil and the water in the deep layer due to the developed main lateral roots. When the average water content in the soil layer is 2%, the soil layer can still grow normally. It has the characteristics of early green turning, late withering and yellow and no leaf drop, and the growth period can reach 180-fold 210 days.
Wood and broom cypress: high-quality half-shrub pasture which grows for many years and is 20-80 cm high. The wood stem is generally short, drought-resistant and cold-resistant, has wide application range, and has the most prominent characteristic of strong capability of adapting to drought survival conditions. Because the rejuvenation of the wood Kochia scoparia is early in spring, the stumps are well preserved in winter, and the crude protein content is higher, the wood Kochia scoparia can be utilized early on a pasture, and has great significance for recovering the body fat of livestock and improving the conditions of being thin in winter and being short in spring.
Alfalfa No. 1 of chinese family: the drought-resistant and cold-resistant high-quality perennial pasture can grow semi-vertically or vertically when being densely planted or competing with other plants, has a longer growth period and has a comparable protein content compared with alfalfa.
The caragana microphylla high and large windproof plant protective barrier and the densely planted chenopodium camellinum can play a role of a fence, the two lines of wood and broom cypress can be used as buffer belts and are shorter than the chenopodium camellinum, and the spread alfalfa can increase the coverage and provide high-quality forage grass. The planting belt positioned on the windward side can effectively reduce the ground wind speed, increase the ground temperature of the grassland and has the function of a wind sand barrier.
The novel plant protection barrier is tested on the grassland of inner Mongolia, and the test contents are as follows:
test site
In the grass station of the Cai Mount Mucun in Toronty county of inner Mongolia, the wind is strong in winter and spring, the average wind speed is 7.0-8.5 m/s, and the wind is weak in summer and autumn.
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
in 2016 for 5 months, A, B, C, D, E and F six continuous grassland pens were selected near the grass storage station, each pen being 50m long. One row of caragana microphylla is transplanted along each side of A, C and E fences, the distance between the caragana microphylla and the fences is 20cm, and the plant spacing is 80 cm. Two rows of caltrop with spacing of 30cm are transplanted respectively 50cm away from caragana microphylla on two sides by taking a fence as a center, and the plant spacing is 40 cm. Two lines of wooden broom cypress with the spacing of 40cm are transplanted at the positions 50cm away from the camel hair quinoa from the two sides, and the plant spacing is 30 cm. Finally, the medicago sativa of family 1 is spread among all the transplanted plant strips to form a complete plant protection barrier. B. D and F pens were not treated as controls.
A. B, C, D, E and F six sections of fences, wherein each section is provided with four measuring points, the plant height and the cluster diameter of A, C and E fences of caragana microphylla, chenopodium camellivia and wood skin are measured in the 6 th day of 2018, the wind speeds (50 cm from the ground) at 2.5m and 5m from the edges of the plant protection barriers at two sides, which are vertically corresponding to the four measuring points on A, B, C, D, E and the F fences, are respectively measured, and the wind speed is measured by using a U.S. Kestrel NK3000 handheld meteorological instrument. And the earth temperature was measured using a U.S. Sepctrum TDR150 portable soil moisture temperature conductivity tacheometer.
The experimental results are as follows:
Figure BDA0003715797440000051
Figure BDA0003715797440000052
Figure BDA0003715797440000053
through experiments, compared with a control, the plant protection barrier reduces the wind speed by 50% at a position 2.5m away from the edge of the barrier and reduces the wind speed by 15% at a position 5m away from the edge of the barrier. The ground temperature is obviously improved in early spring, and the pasture close to the plant protection barrier range can be turned green in advance.
The novel plant protection barrier formed integrally has the advantages that the original functions of the grassland fence are replaced, the strip-shaped natural landscape is very characteristic, certain permeability is achieved, the wild animals can freely pass through the novel plant protection barrier, the negative effect of the cement pile wire mesh grassland fence is perfectly avoided, the national policy of energy conservation and emission reduction is responded, and the carbon sink of the grassland is increased really.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. A novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
temporarily planting two or four rows of caragana microphylla along the boundary of a grassland area in rainy seasons, wherein the row spacing between adjacent caragana microphylla is 35-45 cm, and the planting spacing is 75-85 cm;
two rows of caltrops are fixedly planted on two sides of the caragana microphylla respectively, the row spacing between every two adjacent caltrops is 45-55 cm, the row spacing between every two adjacent lines of the caltrops is 25-35 cm, and the plant spacing is 35-45 cm;
respectively planting two rows of wood skin on the outer sides of the chenopodium hamatum, wherein the row spacing between the adjacent wood skin and the chenopodium hamatum is 45-55 cm, the row spacing between the adjacent two rows of wood skin is 35-45 cm, and the plant spacing is 25-35 cm;
step four, sowing alfalfa among strips formed by the plants in a scattered manner;
step five, after planting is finished, enabling crops to grow freely in the first year and the second year, and forbidding grazing and feeding;
and step six, in the third year, the caragana microphylla, the chenopodium camellii and the kochia scoparia form a stable community and biomass, so that the effect of a high-density barrier is achieved.
2. The novel plant protection barrier replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, holes are punched along the boundary of the grassland area, and the caragana microphylla is planted in the holes.
3. The novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and carbon sequestration as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, preferably, the row spacing of adjacent caragana microphylla is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 80 cm.
4. The novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and carbon sequestration as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, preferably, the row spacing between the adjacent chenopodium camellinum and the caragana microphylla is 50cm, the row spacing between two adjacent rows of the chenopodium camellinum is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 40 cm.
5. The novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland fences and reducing emission and fixing carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, preferably, the row spacing between the adjacent wooden skin and the caltrop is 50cm, the row spacing between two adjacent rows of the wooden skin is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 30 cm.
6. The novel plant protection barrier for replacing grassland pens and reducing emissions and carbon sequestration as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein said medicago sativa is medicago sativa No. 1 of the family zhongke.
CN202210741143.2A 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 Replace grassland rail and reduce discharging solid novel plant protection protective screen of carbon Pending CN115039623A (en)

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