CN101803524A - Hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia - Google Patents
Hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000003617 indole-3-acetic acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种四倍体刺槐硬枝扦插繁殖方法，属于园林植物领域。本发明方法包括对四倍体刺槐插穗进行两次植物生长调节剂的浸泡处理，其中选择植物生长调节剂吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸、生根粉中的一种或多种浸泡处理插穗。采用本发明方法繁殖的四倍体刺槐生根率高，插穗成活率显著提高，缩短了插穗生根时间，解决了四倍体刺槐硬枝扦插繁殖的技术难题。The invention discloses a cutting propagation method of tetraploid black locust hard branch, which belongs to the field of garden plants. The method of the invention comprises that the cuttings of the tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia are soaked twice in plant growth regulators, wherein one or more of the plant growth regulators indole acetic acid, naphthalene acetic acid and rooting powder are selected for soaking the cuttings. The tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia propagated by the method of the invention has a high rooting rate, the survival rate of the cuttings is significantly improved, the rooting time of the cuttings is shortened, and the technical problem of hard branch cutting propagation of the tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the asexual reproduction method of a kind of deciduous tree plant, particularly a kind of locust tree cuttage propagation method belongs to the ornamental plant field.
Background technology
Locust tree, the another name acacia is the Papilionaceae deciduous tree, originates in North America, and the height of tree reaches 25 meters, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and reaches 1 meter, and economic worth is higher.At China's north latitude 23 degree～46 degree, the wide geographic area of east longitude 124 degree～86 degree all can be planted.Locust tree happiness light, drought-resistant barren, soil is required not tight, both can grow in the area of the Yellow River middle and lower reaches severe water and soil erosion, be suitable for beach sand ground and salt content again and reach 0.3% saline land, even on the chad soil of slagheap and the weathering of purple shale, can both grow.
The locust tree material is hard, and texture is careful, and is flexible, water-fast wet, anti-rotten, is suitable for doing ore pillar, floor, furniture and various construction timber.The locust tree well developed root system can fixed nitrogen, can improve the soil, and the ability that conserves water and soil is strong, is good the conserving water and soil, check winds and fix drifting sand, improve the soil and the seeds of " four is other " greening in ground such as North China, northwest.Locust tree is to the pernicious gas resistance, is the strongest in all deciduous species to the resistance of sulphur dioxide.Leaf of locust is the higher feed of nutritive value, and its timber, branch, tree root are again good fire woods.Locust tree still is good woody nectar source seeds, and its sweet matter is listed in first-class honey in the international market; Seed oil content 12%～13.8% can be made soap.
The tetraploid locust locust tree choiceness that to be Beijing Forestry University introduce from Korea S has drought-resistant barren, adaptable characteristic, is fit to the popularization of planting of China most of locust tree normal region; And well developed root system, nodule nitrogen fixation can be used as the water and soil conservation seeds of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, improving the soil; Simultaneously, the roomy plumpness of blade, the protein content height, nutritious equilibrium, feeding property of animal is good, belongs to good feed seeds; The flower amount is big, and the florescence is longer, is the good nectar source kind of development apiculture.Tetraploid locust have speed life, salt tolerant alkali, drought-resistant, from characteristics such as numerous power are strong, can on sandy soil, loam, slag beach, chad soil, grow.It can both produce better ecological benefits and economic benefit improving environment, Plain and aspects such as mountain development stable breeding livestock breeding and afforestation.
At present, tetraploid locust has been generalized to more than 20 provinces in the whole nation, is widely used in afforested projects such as feedstuff woods, the deserted mountain desert ecological forest and conceding the land to forestry, has obtained good ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit.
But tetraploid locust is introduced after China, has the low problem of cuttage survival rate always.The modes of reproduction of tetraploid locust generally adopts tissue culture and grafting method to carry out vegetative propagation, the tetraploid locust tissue culture needs the aseptic condition that is used for medium preparation, sterilization, inoculation, cultivation and is used for regulated temperature and the full-automatic greenhouse of relative moisture and the operating technology of specialty of acclimatization and transplants, have high input, survival rate is low, production cost is high, has restricted the popularization of forest improved seeds.Grafting method need be carried and cultivate rootstock seedling the previous year, and growing-seedling period is long, and the nursery stock of cultivating causes windbreak and form not straight because the difference of stock and scion part growth rate forms " little pedopathy " easily after the transplanting.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the low technical problem of cuttage survival rate that exists in the above prior art tetraploid locust that a kind of hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia is provided and obtains by this method.The tetraploid locust plugged ear cuttage root-taking rate height of the inventive method breeding, the plugged ear survival rate significantly improves, and has solved the technical barrier of tetraploid locust cuttage breeding.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia, and this method comprises the immersion treatment of the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust being carried out twice plant growth regulator.
Wherein, described plant growth regulator is selected one or more in heteroauxin, methyl, the root-inducing powder, is preferably heteroauxin or root-inducing powder.
Particularly, the concentration of plant growth regulator is 100-1000mg/kg, is preferably 400-600mg/kg.
Wherein, the immersion treatment of described plant growth regulator is that the lower end with the hard stem cutting fringe of described tetraploid locust is immersed in the plant growth regulator, and soak time is 30-40min, soaking depth 〉=2cm.
Particularly, soak time is preferably 30min, and soaking depth is preferably 2cm.
The present invention provides a kind of hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia on the other hand, comprises following step in sequence: 1) choose and prune the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust; 2) plant growth regulator is handled plugged ear for the first time; 3) winter, sand was hidden; 4) plant growth regulator is handled plugged ear for the second time; 5) cuttage and culture of rootage are handled.
Wherein, hard stem cutting fringe is a tetraploid locust branch of choosing annual stalwartness, no damage by disease and insect described in the step 1), prunes growth 12-15cm, lower end shape of a hoof scarf, and the upper end is a side grain, upper and lower otch is apart from bud 0.5cm.
Particularly, the diameter of described plugged ear is 10-20mm.
Especially, at annual 10 the end of month, treat annual tetraploid locust fallen leaves after, choose and prune the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust.
Wherein, step 2) it is that lower end with the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust is immersed in the plant growth regulator that plant growth regulator described in is handled plugged ear for the first time, and soak time is 30-40min, soaking depth 〉=2cm.
Particularly, the lower end soaking depth of hard stem cutting fringe is preferably 2cm, and soak time is preferably 30min.
Wherein, it is that the lower end through the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust after the husky Tibetan processing in winter is immersed in the plant growth regulator that the plant growth regulator described in the step 4) is handled plugged ear for the second time, soaks 30-40min, soaking depth 〉=2cm.
Particularly, the degree of depth that the lower end of hard stem cutting fringe is immersed in the plant growth regulator is preferably 2cm, and soak time is preferably 30min.
Especially, in mid-April, second plugged ear is carried out the described plant growth regulator processing second time.
Particularly, adopt in the step 4) and step 2) in identical plant growth regulator carry out the plant growth regulator processing second time of described plugged ear.
Wherein, plant growth regulator is selected one or more in heteroauxin, methyl, the root-inducing powder, is preferably heteroauxin or root-inducing powder.
Particularly, the concentration of plant growth regulator is 100-1000mg/kg, is preferably 400-600mg/kg.
Wherein, the winter described in the step 3), husky Tibetan was the winter in every year, will be stored among the Sha Zangchi through the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust of plant growth regulator processing for the first time, and the preservation of surviving the winter, wherein, the preservation temperature is 0-7 ℃, relative moisture is 70%-80%.
Particularly, described winter the husky early March of being meant of hiding the processing time from late October to the second in every year year.
Particularly, the lower end of the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust that will handle through plant growth regulator for the first time, is vertically put in Sha Zangchi the preservation of surviving the winter up upside down.
Especially, also be included in after husky Tibetan the in winter, regulate temperature in the Sha Zang pond in mid-March, second, carry out husky Tibetan the in spring, preservation is to mid-April, and wherein, the preservation temperature is 10-28 ℃, and relative moisture is 70%-80%.
Wherein, described Sha Zang pond is that the bottom is covered with crushed stone and wet rough sand, the heatable adobe sleeping platform that the top covers with wet rough sand.
Particularly, described crushed stone, wet rough sand adopt carbendazim solution to carry out sterilization.
Wherein, adopt cutting bed to carry out described cuttage in step 5), the cuttage temperature is 20-28 ℃, and relative moisture is 〉=70%, is preferably 20-25 ℃; Relative moisture is 80%-85%.
Particularly, the matrix of cutting bed is wet rough sand, the particle diameter 〉=2mm of wet rough sand, the thickness 25cm of wet rough sand.
Especially, the rough sand of described wet rough sand for sterilizing through carbendazim solution.
Particularly, below wet coarse sand, be the cow dung of adopting the carbendazim solution sterilization, wherein, the thickness of cow dung is 5cm.
Wherein, the ratio of water and the quality of carbendazim is 2000: 1 in the carbendazim solution.
The advantage of cuttage breeding method of the present invention is as follows:
1, hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia of the present invention has the rooting rate height, rooting efficiency is good, and seedling growth is rapid, the transplanting survival rate advantages of higher.In addition, than existing cuttage breeding method, the inventive method plugged ear survival rate reaches 60%-71.11%, has improved more than 1 times than the cuttage survival rate before improving, and has solved the low problem of tetraploid locust cuttage survival rate.
2, propagation method of the present invention is through husky Tibetan the in winter, promoted the material in the plugged ear to transform and the accumulation of the material of taking root, and improved cuttage root-taking rate and survival rate.
3, propagation method husky Tibetan the in winter of the present invention combines with the plant growth regulator immersion treatment, improved the moisture content of plugged ear, promoted the conversion of sugar, nitrogenous compound in the plugged ear cuttage process, reduce the inhibiting substances concentration of taking root in the plugged ear body, significantly improve respiratory intensity, promote the formation of callus and the differentiation of adventitious root primordia, improve the rootability of plugged ear and the survival rate of cuttage, survival rate reaches 60%-71.11%.
4, the hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia cuttage rooting time of the present invention is short, cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, compare with the plugged ear cuttage root-taking time (conventional plugged ear cuttage root-taking approximately needs 60d) of routine, shortened about 10-15 days, improved the regularity of emerging, increased the leading thread and the high amount of growth of cuttage seeding.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage of the present invention and characteristics will be more clear along with description.But these embodiment only are exemplary, scope of the present invention are not constituted any restriction.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and down can make amendment or replace without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacing all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention the details of technical solution of the present invention and form.
The specific embodiment of the invention experimental field be positioned at nursery, flower plants and nursery stock breeding farm, Xianghe County, Hebei province, be located in 117 ° 0 ' of east longitude, 39 ° 45 ' of north latitude, belong to the continental monsoon climate in warm temperate zone, 13.7 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, 42.1 ℃ of the maximum air temperatures, the extreme minimum air temperature-21.3 ℃; Mean annual precipitation 606mm focused mostly in 6-8 month; Year evaporation discharge 1562.8mm, 216 days frost-free seasons.Climatic characteristic is that spring drought is windy, and summer heat is rainy, and refreshing sunshine in autumn is long, and long cold snow short of rain of winter makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, rain same season of heat.This nursery physical features is smooth, and soil is cinnamon soil, soil thickness 63cm, and permeability is good, middle fertility, the content of organic matter 0.85%, pH value 7.2, it is convenient to irrigate.
Experimental field the greenhouse is the full-time smooth greenhouse of can heating, framework of steel reinforcement, and booth is east-west, and one-way slope is to the south, lays automatic sprayer in the greenhouse.
The tetraploid locust plugged ear is picked up from the tetraploid locust cutting orchard in this nursery, is the annual stalwartness of tetraploid locust, no damage by disease and insect branch.The diameter of plugged ear is 10-20mm, and plugged ear is pruned growth 12-15cm, lower end shape of a hoof scarf, and the upper end is a side grain, upper and lower otch is apart from bud 0.5cm.
The wet rough sand of sterilization: the moisture content of wet rough sand is 70%-80%, particle diameter 〉=2mm.Adopt 2000 times of (ratio of water and carbendazim quality is 2000: 1) carbendazim solutions evenly to spray wet rough sand, stir promptly, carbendazim is 1: 10 with the ratio of the quality of wet rough sand, in case the husky plugged ear of hiding of various infection process causes living mycocriny mashed.
Sterilization crushed stone: adopt 2000 times of (ratio of water and carbendazim quality is 2000: 1) carbendazim evenly to spray the crushed stone surface treatment, till the crushed stone surface evenly covers carbendazim solution.
Sterilization maize straw: adopt 2000 times of (ratio of water and carbendazim quality is 2000: 1) carbendazim evenly to spray the maize straw surface treatment, till the maize straw surface evenly covers carbendazim solution.
No. 1, the root-inducing powder (ABT) of homemade indolebutyric acid (IBA), methyl (NAA) and the Chinese Academy of Forestry that plant growth regulating substance adopts.
Embodiment 1
1, plugged ear collection and growth regulator processing for the first time
1) 10 the end of month then, treat annual tetraploid locust fallen leaves after, its acrial part branch of clip is made plugged ear, the diameter of plugged ear is 10-20mm, length is 15cm, the plugged ear lower end is trimmed to shape of a hoof scarf, the upper end is trimmed to side grain, upper and lower otch is apart from bud 0.5cm;
2) per 30 of plugged ear after will pruning is tied up into a bundle, forms the plugged ear bundle, and wherein, the lower end of plugged ear separate with the upper end is strict in the plugged ear bundle, and promptly the lower end of all plugged ears is positioned at the end that plugged ear is tied, and the upper end of all plugged ears is positioned at the other end that plugged ear is tied;
3) lower end of the plugged ear that plugged ear is tied is soaked in growth regulator indolebutyric acid (IBA) solution, carries out the growth regulator processing first time, and plugged ear is taken out after soaking 30min, and the plugged ear lower end is soaked in height 2cm in the growth regulating agent solution; The concentration of growth regulating agent solution is 500mg/kg;
2, winter, sand was hidden
1) experimental field selecting leeward area without shade to cut the earth the hole as plugged ear Sha Zang pond, the about deeply 1m of Sha Zangchi, area is decided according to plugged ear quantity, and the orlop shop thickness of Sha Zangchi is the sterilization crushed stone layer of 5-10cm; Repaving a layer thickness then on metalling is the wet rough sand of the sterilization through the carbendazim processing of 10cm;
2) up, vertically put upside down above the wet rough sand of Sha Zangchi in the lower end of the plugged ear that will handle through growth regulator for the first time, on four angles of Sha Zangchi, distinguish a branch of sterilization maize straw of vertical placement with the central authorities of Sha Zangchi, the plugged ear of burying can be ventilated with the external world, prevent that the plugged ear heating from causing mildew and rot;
3) the wet rough sand of sterilization that covering one deck is handled through carbendazim on the plugged ear bundle, compacting is patted with spade in wet rough sand surface, do not interspace, the thickness of wet rough sand layer is 20cm, then at the superiors' covered with plastic film of Sha Zangchi, with heat and moisture preserving, wherein, the temperature of Sha Zangchi remains 0-7 ℃, and relative moisture is 70%-80%.
3, growth regulator immersion treatment for the second time
1) 1 year mid-March in spring, open the plastic film of the Sha Zang pond the superiors, then the wet rough sand above the plugged ear is removed about 10cm, continue husky the Tibetan, it is 10-28 ℃ that sand is hidden temperature, and relative moisture is 70-80%.
2) early April, plugged ear is taken out from Sha Zangchi, carry out growth regulator processing second time immersion treatment, the lower end of plugged ear is soaked in growth regulator indolebutyric acid (IBA) solution, take out after soaking 30min, wherein, the plugged ear lower end is soaked in degree of depth 2cm in the growth regulating agent solution; The concentration of growth regulating agent solution is 500mg/kg;
4, cuttage, culture of rootage
1) on the ground in the greenhouse experimental field, arranges husky bed, the cow dung that smash to pieces the orlop shop of husky bed, the thickness of cow dung layer is 5cm, the wet rough sand of the sterilization through the carbendazim processing of the thick 25cm in shop on the cow dung layer, wherein, before the cuttage earlier with cow dung with the spraying of 2000 times of carbendazim (ratio of water and carbendazim quality is 2000: 1) solution, stir, 2000 times of carbendazim solutions are 1: 10 with the ratio of the quality of cow dung.
2) on the husky bed of the plugged ear cuttage that will handle through growth regulator for the second time in the greenhouse, spacing in the rows is 10cm, and line-spacing is 15cm.
3) the husky bed spray in time after the cuttage is permeable, builds plastic film then, and plugged ear is carried out culture of rootage, wherein, keep the interior temperature of warm canopy at 20-28 ℃, relative moisture is 70%-90%, nurturing period waters 1 time every 2～3d according to matrix relative moisture in the bed, keeps matrix moistening; Simultaneously, adjust the temperature in the cuttage temperature canopy, when temperature of shed surpasses 28 ℃, in time raise the plastic film at two ends, carry out aeration-cooling.For preventing living contaminants, spray 1 2000 times of carbendazim every 5～7d.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 67.78%.
Embodiment 2
Except for the first time, adopt indolebutyric acid (IBA) as growth regulator in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time, the concentration of IBA is 400mg/kg; Winter, husky temperature of hiding was 0-7 ℃, and relative moisture is outside 70%80%, and all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 63.33%.
Embodiment 3
Except for the first time, adopt indolebutyric acid (IBA) as growth regulator in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time, the concentration of IBA is outside the 600mg/kg, and all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 65.67%.
Embodiment 4
Except for the first time, adopt root-inducing powder No. 1 in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time (ABT, the Chinese Academy of Forestry produces) as growth regulator, the concentration of ABT is outside the 500mg/kg, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 71.11%.
Embodiment 5
Except for the first time, adopt root-inducing powder No. 1 in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time (ABT, the Chinese Academy of Forestry produces) as growth regulator, the concentration of ABT is outside the 400mg/kg, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 64.93%.
Embodiment 6
Except for the first time, adopt root-inducing powder No. 1 in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time (ABT, the Chinese Academy of Forestry produces) as growth regulator, the concentration of ABT is outside the 600mg/kg, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 66.67%.
Embodiment 7
Except for the first time, adopt naa (NAA) as growth regulator in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time, the concentration of NAA is outside the 500mg/kg; All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 66.67%.
Embodiment 8
Except for the first time, adopt naa (NAA) as growth regulator in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time, the concentration of NAA is outside the 400mg/kg; All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 60.00%.
Embodiment 9
Except for the first time, adopt naa (NAA) as growth regulator in the growth regulator processing procedure for the second time, the concentration of NAA is outside the 600mg/kg; All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Cuttage begins to occur the root original hase after 10 days, and take root in a large number after 25 days and begin to generate lateral root, well developed root system after 45 days, survival rate is 61.11%.
Claims (10)
1. a hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia comprises the immersion treatment of the tetraploid locust plugged ear being carried out twice plant growth regulator.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described plant growth regulator selects one or more in heteroauxin, methyl, the root-inducing powder.
3. hardwood cutting propagation method for tetraploid robinia pseudoacacia, comprise following step in sequence: choose and prune the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust, plant growth regulator is handled plugged ear for the first time, and winter, sand was hidden, plant growth regulator is handled plugged ear for the second time, and cuttage and culture of rootage are handled.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that it is that lower end with the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust is immersed in the plant growth regulator soak time 30-40min, soaking depth 〉=2cm that described plant growth regulator is handled plugged ear for the first time.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that it is that the lower end through the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust after the husky Tibetan processing in winter is immersed in the plant growth regulator that described plant growth regulator is handled plugged ear for the second time, soak 30-40min, soaking depth 〉=2cm.
6. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that described plant growth regulator selects one or more in heteroauxin, methyl, the root-inducing powder.
7. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, the concentration that it is characterized in that described plant growth regulator is 400-600mg/kg.
8. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that described winter, husky the Tibetan was in the winter time, will be stored among the Sha Zangchi through the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust of plant growth regulator processing for the first time, the preservation of surviving the winter, wherein, the preservation temperature is 0-7 ℃, relative moisture 70%-80%.
9. the preservation in Sha Zangchi of up, vertically putting upside down of method as claimed in claim 8, the lower end that it is characterized in that the hard stem cutting fringe of tetraploid locust that will handle through plant growth regulator is for the first time survived the winter.
10. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that adopting cutting bed to carry out described cuttage, the cuttage temperature is 20-28 ℃, and relative moisture is 〉=70%.
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