CN115027114A - 一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板 - Google Patents
一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本专利公开了一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板,包括上下表面柔性层、三维机织间隔织物层、侧面密封层。上下表面柔性层通过相向转动并加热的滚筒,滚压挤成薄膜,然后与三维机织间隔织物织物上下表面叠合轧压成叠层产品。侧面密封层是利用高频电流并施加一定的压力将柔性PVC透明膜复合到由高强涤纶织制的机织物表面形成的PVC膜材。将侧面密封层用糊状聚氯乙烯树脂粘在上下表面复合柔性层的三维机织间隔织物的四周,使其形成一个密封体。通过气嘴向内冲入适量气体,使内部具有一定的气压,形成一个抗冲击缓冲充气垫。本发明将三维机织间隔结构与充气相结合,结构简单,使用安全,形成的新型抗冲击缓冲材料不易变形,且充气层可将局部受力转化为整体受力分摊到间隔丝上,将局部大凹陷转变为整体的小位移,增强对人体胸腔、腹部的保护。其抗冲击缓冲能力强,可减少防弹层的金属或复合材料层数,从而减轻整体防弹衣的重量,能循环利用,节省成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗冲击缓冲材料,具体涉及一种可传递应力且不易变形的轻质新型机织间隔织物充气抗冲击缓冲材料。
背景技术
在军工和防护领域,防弹层通常是由金属或纺织复合材料制成的单一或复合型防护结构,子弹冲击硬质抗冲击缓冲材料,两者发生形变或断裂,消耗了枪弹、破片的大部分能量,用于防护弹头或弹片对人体的伤害。然而由金属或纺织复合材料制成的抗冲击缓冲材料不仅厚重,穿着舒适性差,且子弹冲击带来的材料局部凹陷对人体胸、腹部仍有巨大的伤害。
发明内容
本发明为解决目前抗冲击缓冲材料受冲击局部凹陷大、质量重的问题,提出了一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板,可置于防弹层后面,将子弹冲击带来的应力传递到整个缓冲材料上,此种缓冲材料不易变形,可将子弹冲击金属或复合材料板造成的局部大凹陷转变为整体小位移,大大减少局部材料凹陷对人体胸、腹部的伤害,同时可替金属或复合材料板承担一部分冲击力,减轻防弹层的重量。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板,包括:上下表面柔性层、三维机织间隔织物层、侧面密封层。
上下表面柔性层通过相向转动并有一定温度的滚筒,滚压挤成薄膜,然后与三维机织间隔织物织物上下表面叠合轧压成叠层产品,侧面密封层是利用高频电流并施加一定的压力将柔性PVC透明膜复合到由高强涤纶织制的机织物表面形成的PVC膜材,将侧面密封层用糊状聚氯乙烯作为黏合剂粘在在三维机织间隔织物的四周,通过气嘴向内冲入适量气体,使其内部具有一定的气压,形成一个轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板。
本发明传递应力、将局部大凹陷转变为整体小位移的原理:此轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板上表面受到局部冲击时,内部空气处于密封状态,空气被压缩,则内部气压增大,使得气体对表面有反向作用力,表面有向外扩张的变形趋势,然而内部的三维机织间隔层的间隔丝连接上下两机织面层,牵制其上下表面产生向外扩张的形变,局部冲击部位以外的间隔丝都会受到拉伸力以分担局部的冲击能量,因此材料受到的局部冲击能量被整体间隔丝承受掉了。局部的冲击力和压应力就会传递到间隔丝上转变为拉应力,且气体层的存在为上表面的变形提供了有效的空间,使得变形不会波及到下表面,因此局部大凹陷转变为了整体的小位移。
所述上下表面柔性层为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体或柔性聚氯乙烯树脂与增塑剂、稳定剂等助剂混合制成,具有防水性、增强、增韧、耐老化等优点。
所述上下表面柔性层通过相向转动并有一定温度的滚筒前,会先涂上一层糊状聚氯乙烯树脂,糊状聚氯乙烯树脂起粘合剂的作用,可以将上下表面柔性层与三维机织间隔织物复合的更加紧密。
所述上下表面柔性层通过加热的滚筒后,滚压挤成薄膜,然后与三维机织间隔织物织物上下表面叠合轧压成叠层产品,具有密封、防水、耐腐蚀等优点。
所述侧面密封层为PVC膜材,使用高频焊接工艺,利用高频电流并施加一定的压力将柔性PVC透明膜复合到由高强涤纶织制的机织物表面,具有强力高、缓冲性能好、防水、密封性能好等优点。
所述糊状聚氯乙烯树脂由柔性聚氯乙烯树脂构成,固化后为柔性透明状,起粘合剂的作用,具有密封性,可将侧面密封层与上下表面复合了柔性层的三维间隔机织物黏合起来,形成一个密封结构。
所述三维机织间隔织物的上下两表面采用尼龙织制,呈现机织物的特性,具有一定的防刺、抗冲击性能,具有不易变形、强力高等优点。间隔丝采用高强涤纶纤维织制,在自然状态下因间隔丝不起支撑作用,只起连接作用,所以整体呈现扁平的柔性平面状态,具有质量轻、不易变形、强度高等优点。
本发明的优点:
本发明提供一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板,由上下表面柔性层、三维机织间隔织物层、侧面密封层构成,所用的纤维均为强度高、刚度小的柔性高性能纤维,即使材料在受到冲击破坏后,材料本身也不会给人体带来伤害。所用的三维机织间隔结构与充气相结合,形成的轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板不易变形,充气层可将局部受力传递到整体上,将上表面的压应力转变为间隔丝的拉应力,将局部大凹陷转变为整体的小位移,增强对人体胸腔、腹部的保护。因其抗冲击缓冲能力强,可减少防弹层的金属或复合材料层数,减轻整体防弹衣的重量。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板的结构示意图。
图2为本发明一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板的内部结构视图。
图3为本发明一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板的侧面密封层结构视图。
图中标记及对应的装置名称:A为图2所示的一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板的内部结构、B为图3所示的侧面密封层、1为充气嘴、2为复合在三维机织间隔织物表面的柔性层、3为高强涤纶所制的机织间隔织物的间隔丝、4为机织间隔织物的下表面、5为普通机织物、6为柔性透明PVC膜。
具体实施方式
一种轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板,包括上下表面柔性层复合的三维机织间隔织物(A)和柔性透明PVC膜复合机织物形成的侧面密封层(B),将PVC复合机织物形成的侧面密封层(B)用特制胶糊状聚氯乙烯树脂水粘在上下表面柔性层复合的三维机织间隔织物(A)的侧面,使其形成一个密封的充气材料。
PVC复合机织物形成的侧面密封层(B)表面安有可向内部冲入气体的充气嘴(1)。上下表面柔性层复合的三维机织间隔织物(A)包括间隔丝(3)、间隔织物上下表面层(4)和复合在上下表面层的柔性层(2)。侧面密封层(B)包括普通机织物(5)和复合在普通机织物(5)上的柔性透明PVC膜(6)。
本发明当通过充气嘴(1)向抗冲击缓冲材料内部冲入一定压力气体时,PVC复合的三维机织间隔织物(A)和PVC复合机织物形成的侧面密封层(B)会受到向外扩张的压力,同时PVC复合的三维机织间隔织物(A)内部的间隔丝(3)也会限制三维机织间隔织物上下表面层(4)向外扩张,使得新型抗冲击缓冲材料上下表面保持平面状态。由于侧面密封层(B)是由机织物(5)和柔性透明PVC膜(6)高频焊接而成,织物的结构会限制侧面密封层向外扩张,使得轻质充气机织间隔织物抗冲击缓冲板充气后能保持一定的形状。
本发明当受到冲击力时,内部气压增大。受冲击部位的间隔丝(3)因材料内陷而呈现松弛状态。旁边的间隔丝(3)因材料内陷导致的内压力变大而产生拉力,处于拉伸状态,从而阻止材料的进一步形变。最终将局部大凹陷转变为整体的小位移。
所述三维机织间隔织物的上下两表面(4)采用尼龙织制,上下两表面呈现机织物的特性,具有一定的防刺、抗冲击性能不易变形、强力高等优点。间隔丝(3)采用高强涤纶纤维织制,在自然状态下因间隔丝不起支撑作用,只起连接作用,所以整体呈现扁平的柔性平面状态,具有质量轻、不易变形、强度高等优点。
所述的充气嘴(1)可连接充气装置,充气装置为此种新型抗冲击缓冲材料提供一定的内部气压。
所述上下表面柔性层(2)为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体或柔性聚氯乙烯树脂与增塑剂、稳定剂等助剂混合制成,具有防水性、增强、增韧、耐老化等优点。
所述柔性透明PVC膜(6)由柔性聚氯乙烯树脂加增塑剂、稳定剂等填料构成,使用高频焊接工艺,利用高频电流并施加一定的压力将柔性PVC透明膜复合到由高强涤纶织制的机织物表面,形成具有强力高、缓冲性能好、防水、密封性能好等优点。
所述糊状聚氯乙烯树脂由柔性聚氯乙烯树脂构成,固化后为柔性透明装,起粘合剂的作用,具有密封性,因此此种新型抗冲击缓冲材料放气后可以这折叠收纳。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种新型抗冲击缓冲材料,包括上下表面复合柔性层的三维机织间隔织物(A)和柔性透明PVC膜复合机织物形成的侧面密封层(B)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,PVC复合的三维机织间隔织物(A)包括连接机织间隔织物上下表面层的间隔丝(3)、机织间隔织物上下表面层(4)和复合在上下表面层的柔性层(2)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,侧面密封层(B)包括普通机织物(5)和柔性透明PVC膜(6)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,PVC复合机织物形成的侧面密封层(B)表面安有可向内部冲入气体的充气嘴(1),可通过充气嘴(1)向抗冲击缓冲材料内部冲入一定压力气体。
5.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,所述的三维机织间隔织物表层和底层(4)纱为尼龙,间隔丝(3)为高强涤纶。
6.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,所述的上下表面柔性层(2)为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体或柔性聚氯乙烯树脂与增塑剂、稳定剂等助剂混合制成,具有防水性、增强、增韧、耐老化等优点。
7.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,所述的上下表面柔性层(2)通过相向转动且加热的滚筒,滚压挤成薄膜,后与三维机织间隔织物织物上下表面叠合轧压成叠层产品,具有密封、防水、耐腐蚀等优点。
8.根据权利要求1所述的新型抗冲击缓冲材料,其特征在于,使用高频焊接工艺,利用高频电流并施加一定的压力将柔性PVC透明膜(6)复合到由高强涤纶织制的机织物(5)表面,具有强力高、缓冲性能好、防水、密封性能好等优点。
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