CN115026320A - Hydraulic axial vibration main shaft - Google Patents
Hydraulic axial vibration main shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115026320A CN115026320A CN202210709420.1A CN202210709420A CN115026320A CN 115026320 A CN115026320 A CN 115026320A CN 202210709420 A CN202210709420 A CN 202210709420A CN 115026320 A CN115026320 A CN 115026320A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- main shaft
- outer circular
- vibration
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic axial vibration main shaft which comprises a main shaft, a left end cover, a right end cover, a gasket, a left linear bearing, a right linear bearing, a left sleeve, a right sleeve, a left spring, a right spring, an outer circular sleeve, a screw, a pre-tightening spring and a steel ball. The outer circle sleeve is provided with a left liquid inlet hole A, a right liquid inlet hole B and a liquid outlet hole C which are respectively opposite to circumferential rectangular ring grooves on the outer circle surface of the left sleeve, the outer circle surface of the right sleeve and the outer circle surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft. The vibration source can be used for vibration grinding or drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration application control, in particular to the technical field of machining such as vibration grinding and drilling.
Background
With the development of science and technology, various new materials and composite materials which are difficult to process are increasingly widely applied in industry, and particularly, hard and brittle materials such as optical glass, artificial crystals, engineering ceramics and the like are also widely applied. The high hardness and brittleness of the material and the complexity of the structure of the part make the processing very difficult, thereby limiting the further expansion of the application range of new materials and new structures. The vibration cutting technology has unique cutting principle and excellent technological effect, and can raise the quality of machined surface, machining precision and machining efficiency obviously. Especially has unique superiority to the precision processing of hard and brittle difficult-to-process materials such as engineering ceramics and nonferrous metals, thereby causing wide attention of scholars at home and abroad.
At present, the vibration source of the vibration cutting process, particularly vibration grinding and vibration drilling, is mainly a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic excitation device, the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic excitation device has the defects of small amplitude and sometimes unstable work, and the ultrasonic excitation device of the vibration grinding and vibration drilling has to input an electric signal to the piezoelectric ceramic through an electric brush, so the practical popularization and application are limited to a certain extent. The low-frequency vibration cutting can also play a role in improving the processing technology, and the hydraulic vibration device has the characteristics of high energy utilization rate, large output power, long service life, simple structure, reliable operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of a vibration cutting process, particularly vibration grinding and vibration drilling of a piezoelectric ceramic vibration source, the invention provides a hydraulic axial vibration main shaft structure, through alternately inputting liquid with certain pressure into liquid inlet holes A and B on an outer circular sleeve respectively, the main shaft is enabled to generate axial reciprocating vibration under the support of a linear bearing, and the vibration frequency and amplitude can be realized through adjusting the alternate conversion frequency of the input liquid inlet holes A and B and the liquid pressure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a hydraulic axial vibration main shaft comprises a main shaft (7), a left end cover (1), a left linear bearing (4), a left sleeve (5), a left spring (6), a right spring (8), an outer circular sleeve (10), a right sleeve (9), a right linear bearing (15), a right end cover (13), a screw (16), a pre-tightening spring (17) and a round-head pin ball (18). The main shaft sleeve and the end cover are sealed by sealing rings (2 and 14); the outer circular sleeve (10) is tightly connected with the adjusting gaskets (3, 12) and the left end cover and the right end cover through bolts (11). The outer circular sleeve (10) is provided with a left liquid inlet hole A, a right liquid inlet hole B and a liquid return hole C which respectively face circumferential rectangular ring grooves on the outer circular surface of the left sleeve (5), the outer circular surface of the right sleeve (9) and the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7), and the circumferential rectangular ring grooves on the outer circular surfaces of the left sleeve (5) and the right sleeve (9) are respectively communicated with four liquid containing cavities on the right end surface of the left sleeve (5) and four liquid containing cavities on the left end surface of the right sleeve (9) through four holes which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction. When liquid with certain pressure is respectively and alternately input into the left liquid inlet hole A and the right liquid inlet hole B on the outer circular sleeve (10), the main shaft (7) generates axial reciprocating vibration under the support of the linear bearings (4) and (15), and the vibration frequency and amplitude can be respectively realized by adjusting the alternating conversion frequency of the input liquid inlet hole A and the hole B and the liquid pressure.
Four liquid containing cavities on the right end face of the left sleeve (5) on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) and four liquid containing cavities on the left end face of the right sleeve (9) are fan-shaped grooves which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and have the same shape, four radial through holes on the left sleeve (5) and the right sleeve (9) are communicated with the fan-shaped grooves and the rectangular annular grooves, and the central lines of the radial through holes are positioned on the central symmetrical plane of the fan-shaped grooves.
The right end face of the left sleeve (5) and the left end face of the right sleeve (9) are respectively and uniformly distributed with four same axial blind holes, are positioned on a circle with the same diameter, and are positioned between two adjacent fan-shaped grooves. The same springs (6, 8) are arranged in each blind hole, and the pre-tightening force of the springs can be adjusted through the thicknesses of the left and right gaskets (3, 12) and the tightening force of the bolts (11). Meanwhile, the adjacent end surfaces of the left and right sleeves (5, 9) on the two side surfaces of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) are ensured to have proper gaps.
Two axisymmetric radial screw holes are formed in the outer circular sleeve (10), the surface of the steel ball (18) is always contacted with two side faces of the axial V-shaped guide groove on the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) through a screw (16) through a pre-tightening spring (17), and acting force between the surface of the steel ball (18) and the two side faces of the V-shaped guide groove can be adjusted through the screwing-in depth change of the screw (16). Thus, the main shaft (7) only carries out axial movement and can not have rotary movement.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a hydraulic axial vibration main shaft structure suitable for low-frequency vibration grinding and vibration drilling cutting, which has the characteristics of high output power, simple structure, reliable operation and the like and can overcome the defects of vibration grinding and vibration drilling piezoelectric ceramic vibration sources.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an axial vibration machining shaft structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the left sleeve.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the right sleeve.
The specific implementation measures are as follows:
the invention is further described by the implementation process and the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a hydraulic axial vibration spindle comprises a spindle (7), sealing rings (2, 14), a left end cover (1), a left linear bearing (4), a left sleeve (5), a left spring (6), a right spring (8), an outer circular sleeve (10), a right sleeve (9), adjusting gaskets (3, 12), a bolt (11), a right linear bearing (15), a right end cover (13), a screw (16), a pre-tightening spring (17) and a steel ball (18).
Referring to fig. 2, a rectangular annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the outer circular surface of the left sleeve (5), four fan-shaped grooves with the same shape are uniformly distributed on the right end surface of the sleeve, the central lines of four radial through holes in the sleeve are located on the central symmetry plane of the fan-shaped grooves, and the four fan-shaped grooves are ensured to be communicated with the rectangular annular groove in the circumferential direction of the outer circular surface. The right end face of the left sleeve (5) is also uniformly distributed with four same axial blind holes which are positioned on a circle with the same diameter and are arranged between two adjacent fan-shaped grooves.
Referring to fig. 3, a rectangular annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the outer circular surface of the right sleeve (9), four fan-shaped grooves with the same shape are uniformly distributed on the left end surface of the sleeve, the central lines of four radial through holes in the sleeve are located on the central symmetry plane of the fan-shaped grooves, and the four fan-shaped grooves are ensured to be communicated with the rectangular annular groove in the circumferential direction of the outer circular surface. The left end face of the right sleeve (9) is also uniformly distributed with four same axial blind holes which are positioned on a circle with the same diameter and are arranged between two adjacent fan-shaped grooves.
Referring to fig. 1, two symmetrical radial screw holes are formed in the outer circular sleeve (10), the surface of the steel ball (18) is always contacted with two side faces of the axial V-shaped guide groove on the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) through a screw (16) through a pre-tightening spring (17), and acting force between the surface of the steel ball (18) and the two side faces of the V-shaped guide groove can be adjusted through the change of the screwing-in depth of the screw (16). Thus, the main shaft (7) is ensured to only move axially and not rotate.
Referring to fig. 1-3, four same shaft blind holes are respectively and uniformly distributed on the right end face of a left sleeve (5) and the left end face of a right sleeve (9), the same springs (6 and 8) are installed in each blind hole, the pre-tightening force of the springs can be adjusted through the thicknesses of left and right gaskets (3 and 12) and the fastening force of a bolt (11), and meanwhile, a proper gap is ensured between the adjacent end faces of the left and right sleeves (5 and 9) on the two side faces of a shaft shoulder of a main shaft (7).
Referring to fig. 1, the outer circular sleeve (10) is provided with a left liquid inlet hole a, a right liquid inlet hole B and a liquid return hole C which are respectively opposite to circumferential rectangular annular grooves on the outer circular surface of the left sleeve (5), the outer circular surface of the right sleeve (9) and the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7). The left liquid inlet hole A is communicated with the four fan-shaped solution cavities of the left sleeve (5), the right liquid inlet hole B is communicated with the four fan-shaped solution cavities of the right sleeve (9), and a circumferential rectangular annular groove on the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) is communicated with the liquid return hole C, so that an external liquid tank is ensured to return liquid into the liquid tank.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in operation, when a left hole a is supplied with liquid (such as hydraulic oil) under a certain pressure, a right hole B and a hole C are connected with a liquid tank, at the moment, the liquid enters four fan-shaped grooves of a left sleeve (5), and a main shaft (7) moves to the right side under the action of the pressure. Similarly, when the hole B is supplied with liquid (such as hydraulic oil) with certain pressure, the hole A and the hole C are connected with a liquid tank, and at the moment, the hydraulic oil enters the four fan-shaped grooves of the right sleeve (9) and moves towards the left side of the main shaft (7) under the action of the pressure. If the working processes of the first and the second are alternately executed, the main shaft (7) vibrates in a reciprocating manner along the axial direction. Because the outer circular sleeve (10) is provided with the steel balls (18) in the two axisymmetric radial screw holes to act on the axial V-shaped guide groove on the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder, the main shaft (7) is ensured to carry out axial reciprocating vibration only and cannot do rotary motion. The vibration frequency and amplitude can be respectively realized by adjusting the alternating conversion frequency of the input hole A and the hole B and the pressure of the hydraulic oil. If the main shaft (7) does not need to axially reciprocate, liquid with certain pressure can be simultaneously supplied to the hole A and the hole B so as to improve the axial rigidity of the main shaft (7).
If an electric main shaft grinding head or an electric main shaft drill bit is fixedly arranged in an axial inner hole of the main shaft (7), vibration grinding and vibration drilling can be realized.
Claims (4)
1. A hydraulic axial vibration main shaft comprises a main shaft (7), a left end cover (1), a left linear bearing (4), a left sleeve (5), a left spring (6), a right spring (8), an outer circular sleeve (10), a right sleeve (9), a right linear bearing (15), a right end cover (13), a screw (16), a pre-tightening spring (17) and a steel ball (18), wherein the main shaft sleeve and the end cover are sealed through sealing rings (2 and 14); the outer circular sleeve (10) is tightly connected with the adjusting gaskets (3, 12) and the left and right end covers through bolts (11), a left liquid inlet hole A, a right liquid inlet hole B and a liquid return hole C are arranged on the outer circular sleeve (10), and are respectively opposite to circumferential rectangular annular grooves on the outer circular surface of the left sleeve (5), the outer circular surface of the right sleeve (9) and the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the spindle (7), the circumferential annular grooves on the outer circular surfaces of the left sleeve (5) and the right sleeve (9) are respectively communicated with four liquid containing cavities on the right end surface of the left sleeve (5) and the left end surface of the right sleeve (9) through four holes uniformly distributed in the radial direction, when liquid with certain pressure is respectively and alternately input to the left and right liquid inlet holes A and B on the outer circular sleeve (10), the pressure of the liquid containing cavities alternately acts on two side surfaces of the shaft shoulder (7), the spindle (7) can generate axial reciprocating vibration under the support of the linear bearings (4) and (15), the vibration frequency and amplitude can be realized by adjusting the alternating conversion frequency of the input liquid inlet hole A and the hole B and the liquid pressure.
2. A fluid pressure type axial vibration spindle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: four liquid containing cavities on the right end face of the left sleeve (5) and four liquid containing cavities on the left end face of the right sleeve (9) on the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) are fan-shaped grooves which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and have the same shape, four radial through holes on the left sleeve (5) and the right sleeve (9) are communicated with the fan-shaped grooves and the rectangular annular grooves, and the central lines of the radial through holes are positioned on the central symmetrical plane of the fan-shaped grooves.
3. A fluid pressure type axial vibration spindle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the right end face of the left sleeve (5) and the left end face of the right sleeve (9) are respectively and uniformly distributed with four same axial blind holes, the blind holes are located on a circle with the same diameter, the same springs (6 and 8) are mounted in every blind hole between every two adjacent fan-shaped grooves, the pre-tightening force of the springs can be adjusted through the thickness of left and right gaskets (3 and 12) and the fastening force of bolts (11), and meanwhile, the adjacent end faces of the left and right sleeves (5 and 9) on the two side faces of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) are guaranteed to have proper gaps.
4. A fluid pressure type axial vibration spindle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: two axisymmetric radial screw holes are formed in the outer circular sleeve (10), the surface of the steel ball (18) is always contacted with two side faces of the axial V-shaped guide groove on the outer circular surface of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (7) through a screw (16) through a pre-tightening spring (17), acting force between the surface of the steel ball (18) and the two side faces of the V-shaped guide groove can be adjusted through the screwing-in depth change of the screw (16), and therefore the main shaft (7) is guaranteed to only perform axial motion and cannot perform rotary motion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210709420.1A CN115026320B (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Hydraulic axial vibration main shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210709420.1A CN115026320B (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Hydraulic axial vibration main shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115026320A true CN115026320A (en) | 2022-09-09 |
| CN115026320B CN115026320B (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210709420.1A Active CN115026320B (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Hydraulic axial vibration main shaft |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115026320B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU966330A1 (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-15 | Красноярский Политехнический Институт | Spindle assembly |
| US20100139984A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-06-10 | Gregory Donald West | Rotary drive for applying rotary torque to a shaft to be axially vibrated |
| CN102189277A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-09-21 | 天津大学 | Dynamic and static pressure main shaft device |
| CN103862070A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Small-sized hydraulic vibrating main shaft structure |
| CN204036045U (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江西菱股份有限公司 | A kind of positioning fixture of axial workpiece |
| CN209875062U (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-12-31 | 德州联合石油科技股份有限公司 | Anti-falling structure for hydraulic oscillation system and hydraulic oscillation system |
| CN210189449U (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-03-27 | 安阳工学院 | Horizontal permanent magnet synchronous dynamic and static piezoelectric main shaft |
| CN113458429A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-01 | 长春工业大学 | Axial bidirectional vibration electric spindle |
-
2022
- 2022-06-22 CN CN202210709420.1A patent/CN115026320B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU966330A1 (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-15 | Красноярский Политехнический Институт | Spindle assembly |
| US20100139984A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-06-10 | Gregory Donald West | Rotary drive for applying rotary torque to a shaft to be axially vibrated |
| CN102189277A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-09-21 | 天津大学 | Dynamic and static pressure main shaft device |
| CN103862070A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Small-sized hydraulic vibrating main shaft structure |
| CN204036045U (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江西菱股份有限公司 | A kind of positioning fixture of axial workpiece |
| CN209875062U (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-12-31 | 德州联合石油科技股份有限公司 | Anti-falling structure for hydraulic oscillation system and hydraulic oscillation system |
| CN210189449U (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-03-27 | 安阳工学院 | Horizontal permanent magnet synchronous dynamic and static piezoelectric main shaft |
| CN113458429A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-01 | 长春工业大学 | Axial bidirectional vibration electric spindle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115026320B (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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