CN115025175B - 一种清咽润喉含片及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种清咽润喉含片,由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉20‑30份、远志10‑20份、百合20‑30份、麦门冬15‑25份、熟地10‑20份、玄参8‑12份、知母8‑12份、五味子10‑20份、白芍10‑20份、当归15‑25份、益母草10‑16份、杏仁8‑16份、贝母8‑12份、栀子10‑20份、牛膝8‑12份,并公开了其制备方法和用途,本发明能从心、肺、肾等方面来镇心安神、祛痰消肿、清肺利咽,治疗肺肾阴虚型失音效果良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体地说,是一种清咽润喉含片及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
声音嘶哑,甚至完全不能发出声音为主要临床表现的病症。又称作“瘖”。有新久之别,新病多因外感风寒燥热之邪,或痰热内蕴而发病;久病则多属肺肾阴虚。相当于西医的急慢性喉炎、声带病变、癔病性失音、喉头结核等疾病。早在《灵枢》就指出:“喉咙者,气之所以上下者也,会厌者,音声之户也,唇者,音声之扇也,舌者,音声之机也,悬雍垂者,音声之关也。失音应从病之新久、发病缓急及临床表现区分外感或内伤。外感有风寒、风热、痰热之异,内伤有肺虚、肾虚之别,久病则多属肺肾阴虚。本病较多见于女性,大部分病人与精神过度紧张或情绪剧烈波动有关。如发怒、激动、恐怖、忧虑、悲伤等;少数病人发生于睡眠后醒转时或患重病之后;也可见于月经失调者。过去常用强刺激、针灸、心理暗示或手术等方法治疗,效果都不明显。
中国专利申请:CN 201710826578.6,公开了一种治疗中风失音的中药丸剂,其组成原料的重量份为:羌活90-120克、炙甘草45-55克、人参45-55克、牡荆沥180-230克、竹沥180-230克、地黄汁180-210克、炮附子8-12克、冰片14-18克、石菖蒲28-32克、苏合香12-18克、山茱萸28-32克、牡丹皮28-32克、五加皮28-32克、威灵仙28-32克、秦艽20-30克、防己20-30克和蜂蜜470-520克;本发明的中药丸剂精选中药配伍制成,经过了多年的临床试验,具有行气活血、醒脑开窍、养肝益肾、平衡阴阳、养血安神之效,治疗中风失音不语症状疗效显著,本发明具有疗效好、见效快、无毒副作用等优点,治愈率75%,总有效率为100%,没有中医理论的阐述,真实性待考。
中国专利申请:CN 201210467210.2,公开了一种治疗肺肾阴虚造成失音的中药方剂,其特征在于:所述中药方剂由北沙参、海蛤散、生地、五味子、麦门冬、元参、炒知母、淮山药、焙丹皮、天花粉和生甘草组成,各成分的重量为:北沙参10-14克,海蛤散10-14克,生地13-17克,五味子4-8克,麦门冬13-17克,元参8-12克,炒知母8-12克,淮山药15-20克,焙丹皮8-12克,天花粉10-14克,生甘草3-8克。本发明所采用的药材药价低、易推广,所涉及的中草药均为常见中药,价格低廉,便于各地患者取用;本发明配制方便;本中药方剂针对肺肾阴虚造成的失音的治疗具有显著的疗效。没有中医理论和有益效果的阐述,真实性待考。
目前尚未见到与本发明类似的治法治则清咽润喉含片及其制备方法和应用的报道。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种清咽润喉含片。
本发明的第二个目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供如上所述清咽润喉含片的用途。
本发明的第三个目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种治疗失音的药物。
本发明的第四个目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供如上所述药物的制备方法。
为实现上述第一个目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:
一种清咽润喉含片,所述清咽润喉含片由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉20-30份、远志10-20份、百合20-30份、麦门冬15-25份、熟地10-20份、玄参8-12份、知母8-12份、五味子10-20份、白芍10-20份、当归15-25份、益母草10-16份、杏仁8-16份、贝母8-12份、栀子10-20份、牛膝8-12份。
所述的清咽润喉含片,所述清咽润喉含片由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉25份、远志15份、百合25份、麦门冬20份、熟地15份、玄参10份、知母10份、五味子15份、白芍15份、当归20份、益母草13份、杏仁12份、贝母10份、栀子15份、牛膝10份。
所述的清咽润喉含片,所述清咽润喉含片由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉20份、远志20份、百合20份、麦门冬25份、熟地10份、玄参12份、知母8份、五味子20份、白芍10份、当归25份、益母草10份、杏仁16份、贝母8份、栀子20份、牛膝8份。
所述的清咽润喉含片在制备治疗失音的药物中的应用。
所述失音是肺肾阴虚型失音。
所述的清咽润喉含片还包括药学上可接受的辅剂。
所述的清咽润喉含片,贝母为浙贝母,牛膝为川牛膝。
所述的清咽润喉含片,制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取原料药:远志、百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、知母、五味子、白芍、当归、益母草、杏仁、贝母、栀子、牛膝,加水浸泡1小时;
(2)加水煎煮2次,每次加入10倍药材重量份的水,第一次煮沸煎煮50min,第二次煮沸煎煮40min,合并煎煮液,浓缩,喷雾干燥得浸膏粉,喷雾干燥条件为:进风温度为100-120℃,出风温度为80-90℃,物料温度为70-90℃,雾化压力为0.2-0.4兆帕,喷雾速度为5-10ml/s。
(3)将珍珠粉过120目筛,一半与喷雾干燥所得浸膏粉混合,添加异麦芽糖醇为稀释剂,另一半珍珠粉作为润滑剂,压片。
珍珠为珍珠贝科动物珍珠贝、马氏珍珠贝或蚌科动物三角帆蚌、褶纹冠蚌、背角无齿蚌等贝类动物珍珠囊中形成的无核珍珠。天然珍珠,全年可采,以12月为多。从海中捞起珠蚌,剖取珍珠,洗净即可。人工养殖的无核珍珠,在接种后养殖一年以上,即可采收,但以养殖二年采收的珍珠质量较佳。采收的适宜时间为秋末,因河蚌分泌珍珠质主要是4~11月。功能主治为:镇心安神,养阴熄风,清热坠痰,去翳明目,解毒生肌。治惊悸,怔忡,癫痫,惊风搐搦,烦热消渴,喉痹口疳,目生翳障,疮疡久不收口。①《本草经集注》:治目肤翳。②《药性论》:治眼中翳障白膜。亦能坠痰。③《海药本草》:主明目,除面,止泄。合知母疗烦热消渴,以左缠根治小儿麸豆疮入眼。④《日华子本草》:安心、明目。⑤《本草衍义》:小儿惊热药中多用。⑥《纲目》:安魂魄,止遗精、白浊,解痘疔毒。⑦《本草汇言》:镇心,定志,安魂,解结毒,化恶疮,收内溃破烂。⑧《本经逢原》:煅灰入长肉药及汤火伤敷之。本发明使用珍珠粉为人工养殖珍珠,打粉,过120目筛。
远志为为远志科植物细叶远志和西伯利亚远志、宽叶远志的干燥根皮或根。野生于山坡、草丛、路边。能安神益智、祛痰、消肿。临床应用:1、用于安神,造用于心气郁结或心血虚、痰涎壅塞而致的烦热、精神恍惚、惊悸、不能安睡,可见于神经衰弱或病后虚烦失眠。取其能散郁而安神,但单用无力,需配茯神、酸枣仁等,如归脾汤(见龙眼肉项下)、养心汤(见茯神项下)、远志汤。2、用于化痰,治寒痰喘咳,但力较缓弱,需配川贝、半夏、茯苓等。
百合为百合科植物卷丹Lilium lancifolium Thunb.、百合Lilium browniiF.E.Brown var.viridulum Baker或细叶百合Lilium pumilum DC.的干燥肉质鳞叶。具有养阴润肺,清心安神之功效。常用于阴虚燥咳,劳嗽咳血,虚烦惊悸,失眠多梦,精神恍惚。
麦门冬为百合科植物麦冬Ophiopogon japonicus(L.f.)KerGawl.或沿阶草Ophiopogon bodinieriLevl.的块根。麦冬分布于华东、中南及河北、陕西、四川、贵州、云南等地。浙江、四川、广西有大量栽培;沿阶草分布于西南及陕西、甘肃、江苏、江西、河南、湖北、广西等地。具有滋阴润肺,益胃生津,清心除烦之功效。常用于肺燥干咳,肺痈,阴虚劳嗽,津伤口渴,消渴,心烦失眠,咽喉疼痛,肠燥便秘,血热吐衄。
熟地为玄参科植物地黄或怀庆地黄的根茎,经加工蒸晒而成。功能主治为滋阴,补血。治阴虚血少,腰膝痿弱,劳嗽骨蒸,遗精,崩漏,月经不调,消渴,溲数,耳聋,目昏。
玄参为玄参科草本植物,可达1米余。支根数条,纺锤形或胡萝卜状膨大,粗可达3厘米以上。生于海拔1700米以下的竹林、溪旁、丛林及高草丛中。产河北(南部)、河南、山西、陕西(南部)、湖北、安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、江西、湖南、广东、贵州、四川。味甘、苦、咸,性微寒,有清热凉血,滋阴降火,解毒散结的功效。
知母为单子叶植物百合科知母的干燥根茎。性味苦,寒。归肺、胃、肾经。能清热泻火,滋阴润燥。主治热病烦渴,肺热燥咳,骨蒸潮热,内热消渴,肠燥便秘。
五味子为木兰科植物五味子Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.的干燥成熟果实。习称“北五味子”。分布于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、宁夏、甘肃、山东等地。具有收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心之功效。常用于久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗盗汗,津伤口渴,内热消渴,心悸失眠。
白芍为毛茛科植物芍药Paeonia lactiflora Pall.的干燥根。夏、秋二季采挖,洗净,除去头尾和细根,置沸水中煮后除去外皮或去皮后再煮,晒干。具有养血调经,敛阴止汗,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳之功效。常用于血虚萎黄,月经不调,自汗,盗汗,胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,头痛眩晕。
当归为伞形科植物当归Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels的干燥根。主产甘肃东南部,以岷县产量多,质量好,其次为云南、四川、陕西、湖北等省,均为栽培。具有补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便之功效。常用于血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,经闭痛经,虚寒腹痛,风湿痹痛,跌扑损伤,痈疽疮疡,肠燥便秘。酒当归活血通经。用于经闭痛经,风湿痹痛,跌扑损伤。
益母草为唇形科植物益母草Leonurus japonicus Houtt.的新鲜或干燥地上部分。鲜品春季幼苗期至初夏花前期采割;干品夏季茎叶茂盛、花未开或初开时采割,晒干,或切段晒干。广泛分布于全国各地。具有活血调经,利尿消肿,清热解毒之功效。用于月经不调,痛经经闭,恶露不尽,水肿尿少,疮疡肿毒。
本发明杏仁为苦杏仁,为蔷薇科植物杏的种子经炮制而成。夏季采收成熟果实,除去果肉及核壳,取种子晒干。功能主治为:降气止咳平喘,润肠通便。
川贝母为百合科植物川贝母FritiLlaria cirrhosa D.Don、暗紫贝母FritiLlaria unibracteata Hsiao et K.C.Hsia、甘肃贝母Fritillaria przewalskiiMaxim.、梭砂贝母Fritillaria delavayi Franch.、太白贝母Fritillaria taipaiensisP.Y.Li或瓦布贝母Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K.C.Hsiavar.wabuensis(SY.Tang et S C.Yue)Z.D.Liu,S.Wanget S.C.Chen的干燥鳞茎。按性状不同分别习称“松贝”、“青贝”、“炉贝”和“栽培品”。具有清热润肺,化痰止咳,散结消痈的功效。用于肺热燥咳,干咳少痰,阴虚劳嗽,痰中带血,瘰疬,乳痈,肺痈。
栀子是茜草科植物栀子的果实。栀子的果实是传统中药,属卫生部颁布的第l批药食两用资源,具有护肝、利胆、降压、镇静、止血、消肿等作用。在中医临床常用于治疗黄疸型肝炎、扭挫伤、高血压、糖尿病等症。
牛膝为苋科植物牛膝Achyranthes bidentata Bl.的干燥根。冬季茎叶枯萎时采挖,除去须根和泥沙,捆成小把,晒至于皱后,将顶端切齐,晒干。分布于全国,在有些地区有大量栽培品种。具有逐瘀通经,补肝肾,强筋骨,利尿通淋,引血下行的功能。用于经闭,痛经,腰膝酸痛,筋骨无力,淋证,水肿,头痛,眩晕,牙痛,日疮,吐血,衄血。
本发明优点在于:
1、中医关于失音的记载历史悠久,如宋代《仁斋直指》指出:“心为声音之主,肺为声音之门,肾为声音之根。”,明代徐春莆在《古今医统》中记载“舌为心之苗,心痛舌不能转,则不能言语。。。。故心为声音之主,失音日久,肺阴不足,病损及肾,阴精不能上承,以致声音嘶哑加重,久延不愈,肺失滋润,清肃无权,则干咳少痰,阴虚内热可致潮热、盗汗,肾虚肝旺,可见目眩,形体消瘦,舌质红,苔少,脉细数。本发明针对的肺肾阴虚型失音的症状和特点,从七个方面进行治疗,其中第一方面由于“心为声音之主”,通过镇心安神,养阴熄风,清热坠痰,祛痰消肿达到治心的目的;第二方面由于“肺为声音之门”,通过滋养肺肾达到治肺的目的;第三方面由于“肾为声音之根”,通过滋阴补肾达到治肾的目的;第四方面由于病久气郁化火伤津,易形成瘀血,需养血活血;第五方面由于风热犯肺,蒸液成痰,需化痰止咳;第六方面郁怒伤肝、肝气侮肺,需清肝利胆;第七方面通过引药下行,综合效应,达到治疗肺肾阴虚型失音的效果。本发明各原料药之间符合“君臣佐使”配伍原则:珍珠镇心安神,养阴熄风,清热坠痰,远志镇心安神、祛痰消肿,通过治心;百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、滋养肺肾,通过治肺;知母、五味子、白芍、滋阴补肾,通过治肾;三者合为君药,当归、益母草养血活血,风热犯肺,蒸液成痰,杏仁、贝母化痰止咳,合为臣药,栀子清肝利胆,川牛膝引药下行为佐使药,全方配伍,相得益彰,共同治疗肺肾阴虚型失音。
2、本发明优选各原料药及其重量配比,以达最佳临床疗效。研究结果表明,该配比能改善肺肾阴虚型失音患者临床症状。
3、本发明制备工艺中采用异麦芽糖醇为稀释剂,避免中药浸膏粉的吸湿性,采用珍珠粉过120目筛,并且使用其一半作为润滑剂,不用其他润滑剂,能改变入口涩味。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明记载的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,但这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1:清咽润喉含片(一)
取珍珠粉25g、远志15g、百合25g、麦门冬20g、熟地15g、玄参10g、知母10g、五味子15g、白芍15g、当归20g、益母草13g、杏仁12g、贝母10g、栀子15g、牛膝10g;
(1)取原料药:远志、百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、知母、五味子、白芍、当归、益母草、杏仁、贝母、栀子、牛膝,加水浸泡1小时;
(2)加水煎煮2次,每次加入10倍药材重量g的水,第一次煮沸煎煮50min,第二次煮沸煎煮40min,合并煎煮液,浓缩,喷雾干燥得浸膏粉,喷雾干燥条件为:进风温度为100℃,出风温度为90℃,物料温度为70℃,雾化压力为0.4兆帕,喷雾速度为5ml/s。
(3)将珍珠粉过120目筛,一半与喷雾干燥所得浸膏粉混合,添加异麦芽糖醇为稀释剂,另一半珍珠粉作为润滑剂,压片。
实施例2:清咽润喉含片(二)
取珍珠粉20g、远志20g、百合20g、麦门冬25g、熟地10g、玄参12g、知母8g、五味子20g、白芍10g、当归25g、益母草10g、杏仁16g、贝母8g、栀子20g、牛膝8g;
(1)取原料药:远志、百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、知母、五味子、白芍、当归、益母草、杏仁、贝母、栀子、牛膝,加水浸泡1小时;
(2)加水煎煮2次,每次加入10倍药材重量g的水,第一次煮沸煎煮50min,第二次煮沸煎煮40min,合并煎煮液,浓缩,喷雾干燥得浸膏粉,喷雾干燥条件为:进风温度为120℃,出风温度为80℃,物料温度为90℃,雾化压力为0.2兆帕,喷雾速度为10ml/s。
(3)将珍珠粉过120目筛,一半与喷雾干燥所得浸膏粉混合,添加异麦芽糖醇为稀释剂,另一半珍珠粉作为润滑剂,压片。
实施例3:清咽润喉含片(三)
取珍珠粉30g、远志10g、百合30g、麦门冬15g、熟地20g、玄参8g、知母12g、五味子10g、白芍20g、当归15g、益母草16g、杏仁8g、贝母12g、栀子10g、牛膝12g;
(1)取原料药:远志、百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、知母、五味子、白芍、当归、益母草、杏仁、贝母、栀子、牛膝,加水浸泡1小时;
(2)加水煎煮2次,每次加入10倍药材重量g的水,第一次煮沸煎煮50min,第二次煮沸煎煮40min,合并煎煮液,浓缩,喷雾干燥得浸膏粉,喷雾干燥条件为:进风温度为110℃,出风温度为85℃,物料温度为80℃,雾化压力为0.3兆帕,喷雾速度为7ml/s。
(3)将珍珠粉过120目筛,一半与喷雾干燥所得浸膏粉混合,添加异麦芽糖醇为稀释剂,另一半珍珠粉作为润滑剂,压片。
对比实施例1
取珍珠粉25g、远志15g、百合25g、麦门冬20g、熟地15g、玄参10g、知母10g、五味子15g、白芍15g、当归20g、益母草13g、杏仁12g、贝母10g、栀子15g、牛膝10g;
(1)取原料药:珍珠粉、远志、百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、知母、五味子、白芍、当归、益母草、杏仁、贝母、栀子、牛膝,加水浸泡1小时;
(2)加水煎煮2次,每次加入10倍药材重量g的水,第一次煮沸煎煮50min,第二次煮沸煎煮40min,合并煎煮液,浓缩,喷雾干燥得浸膏粉,喷雾干燥条件为:进风温度为100℃,出风温度为90℃,物料温度为70℃,雾化压力为0.4兆帕,喷雾速度为5ml/s。
(3)喷雾干燥所得浸膏粉,添加淀粉,压片。
实施例4:制备工艺筛选
进行实施例1和对比实施例1的性状比较,见表1:
实施例1 | 对比实施例1 | |
口感 | 无颗粒感,不粘冲 | 涩味,粘冲 |
引湿性 | 放置三个月后干燥 | 放置一个月后吸潮,片面有裂纹 |
由于中药浸膏通过喷雾干燥制备得到,具有很大的引湿性,而异麦芽糖醇引湿性小余其他辅料和中药浸膏,用它作为稀释剂,能有效改善含片的吸潮;含片入口“涩”是由于各成分,包括浸膏和淀粉在口中的溶解速度不一致,造成药片和舌的接触面出现细微麻面而引起的,改用120目珍珠粉作为润滑剂能有效改善入口“涩”的问题。
实施例5:清咽润喉含片对小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响
1.实验动物:ICR小鼠,雌雄各半,重18-22g,由南京中医药大学动物中心提供,生产许可证号SCXK(苏)2002-0031。
2.药物与试剂:实施例1制备得到的含片;西瓜霜清咽含片,批号:20210212,桂林三金生物药业有限责任公司生产。
3.实验过程:取小鼠50只,体重18~22g,雌雄各半,随机分成5组,即空白对照组、西瓜霜清咽含片阳性药物对照组、本发明高剂量组(5g生药量/kg)、中剂量组(2.5g生药量/kg)、低剂量组(1.25g生药量/kg),然后每组给予相应的本发明组合物(塞入喉部剂量为20g/kg/d),阳性对照组给予西瓜霜清咽含片20g/kg/d;空白对照组给予生理盐水(2.5ml/kg),每天1次,给药容积为20ml/kg,连续3天,末次给药后1h,各组小鼠尾静脉注射0.5%伊文思蓝生理盐水溶液0.1ml/10g体重,然后立即腹腔注射0.6%醋酸0.2ml/只,20min后脱颈椎处死小鼠,剖开腹腔,用5ml生理盐水冲洗数次,收集洗液定容为10ml,离心1000rpm×5min,取上清液在分光光度计590nm处测OD值,比较各组间差异。
4.实验结果:见表2。
表2本发明对醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响(X±S)
组别 | 动物数(只) | OD值 |
空白对照组 | 10 | 0.418±0.052 |
阳性药组 | 10 | 0.349±0.073* |
高剂量组 | 10 | 0.309±0.058** |
中剂量组 | 10 | 0.332±0.051* |
低剂量组 | 10 | 0.348±0.061* |
注:与生理盐水组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01
5.实验结论:过敏反应会引起细胞通透性增加,比如皮肤水肿,咽炎也是一种过敏反应,本发明中药组合物均能显著抑制醋酸所致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高(P<0.01~0.05),表明本发明清咽润喉含片有抑制炎症渗出,具有抗过敏作用,并且随着剂量增加效果更好。
实施例6:清咽润喉含片对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验研究
1.实验动物:ICR小鼠,雌雄各半,重18-22g,由南京中医药大学动物中心提供,生产许可证号SCXK(苏)2002-0031。
2.药物与试剂:实施例1制备得到的含片;二甲苯,天津市东丽区天大化学试剂厂,批号:201008;吲哚美辛肠溶片,国药准字H14020771山西云鹤制药有限公司,生产批号:A210207。
3.实验过程:取小鼠50只,体重18~22g,雌雄各半,随机分成5组,即空白对照组、吲哚美辛阳性药物对照组、本发明高剂量组(5g生药量/kg)、中剂量组(2.5g生药量/kg)、低剂量组(1.25g生药量/kg),然后每组给予相应的本发明组合物(塞入喉部剂量为20g/kg/d),阳性对照组给予吲哚美辛(0.01g/kg);空白对照组给予生理盐水(2.5ml/kg),每天1次,给药容积为20ml/kg,连续7天,于末次给药1h后将二甲苯0.05mL均匀涂于小鼠右耳,左耳不涂做对照。30min后剪下左右耳廓,以直径8毫米打孔器同时取下两耳片即电子天平称重,计算耳肿胀率。
4.实验结果:见表3。
表3本发明对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀的影响(X±S)
组别 | 动物数(只) | 耳肿胀率 |
空白对照组 | 10 | 0.98±0.35 |
阳性药组 | 10 | 0.71±0.43* |
高剂量组 | 10 | 0.75±0.54** |
中剂量组 | 10 | 0.82±0.37* |
低剂量组 | 10 | 1.01±0.46 |
注:与生理盐水组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01
5.实验结论:与空白组比较,本发明给药组的耳肿胀率差异无统计学意义,但高、中剂量组的耳肿胀率也有所降低(P>0.05);阳性对照药组的小鼠耳肿胀率明显降低,表明本发明清咽润喉含片具有炎作用,并且随着剂量增加效果更好。
实施例7:清咽润喉含片治疗慢性咽炎实验实验研究
1.实验动物:家兔,雌雄各半,重2000-2200g,由南京中医药大学动物中心提供,生产许可证号SCXK(苏)2002-0031。
2.药物与试剂:实施例1制备得到的含片;西瓜霜清咽含片,批号:20210212,桂林三金生物药业有限责任公司生产。
3.实验过程:选用家兔48只,随机分6组,分别为造模组、空白组、本发明高剂量组(5g生药量/kg)、中剂量组(2.5g生药量/kg)、低剂量组(1.25g生药量/kg),然后每组给予相应的本发明组合物(塞入喉部剂量为200g/kg/d),阳性对照组给予西瓜霜清咽含片200g/kg/d;空白对照组给予生理盐水(25ml/kg),给药容积为200ml/kg。将浓度为2.5%的氨水装入喉头喷雾器内,给需造模的40只家兔喷咽,每天上、下午各1次,每次喷3下,连续喷16d。其中在造模第7天各给药组开始给药,在第8天用扁桃体注射针将松节油注射于兔咽部黏膜下,每只动物0.5mL。每天观察动物咽部的黏膜形态、色泽及分泌物情况等。
4.实验结果:发现模型组家兔咽部黏膜及其组织有不同程度出血、水肿,可见明显炎细胞浸润,并有严重瘀血、局部成脓肿等,空白组家兔无病理改变。本发明高剂量组、阳性对照组家兔咽部黏膜下腺体间有少量炎细胞,出血、水肿明显改善。
实施例8:本发明治疗失音的临床效果
诊断标准:声音嘶哑逐渐加重、日久不愈,兼见干咳少痰,甚则潮热、盗汗、耳鸣、目眩、腰膝酸软,形体消瘦。舌质红,苔少,脉细数,中医辨证确诊为:肺肾阴虚型失音。患者共100例,男46例,女54例。
服用方法:每天服用本发明实施例1制备的含片10片,饭前饭后服用均可,七天为一个疗程。
疗效判断标准:治愈:临床上失音症消失,声音恢复正常,咽部刺激征及伴有症状完全消失;好转:声音部分恢复正常,咽部刺激征完全消失,伴有症状轻微减轻;无效:声音没有恢复正常,诸证未见减轻。100例中,服用本发明中药含片后,治愈62例,好转32例,无效6例,有效率为94%,治疗期间未发生毒副作用。
典型病例:王某,女,40岁,教师,失音,声音嘶哑逐渐加重、日久不愈,兼见干咳少痰,甚则潮热、盗汗、耳鸣、目眩、腰膝酸软,形体消瘦。舌质红,苔少,脉细数,确诊为肺肾阴虚型失音,使用本发明进行治疗,两周后,失音症消失,声音恢复正常,咽部刺激征及伴有症状完全消失,半年后回访无复发。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (8)
1.一种清咽润喉含片,其特征在于,所述清咽润喉含片由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉20-30份、远志10-20份、百合20-30份、麦门冬15-25份、熟地10-20份、玄参8-12份、知母8-12份、五味子10-20份、白芍10-20份、当归15-25份、益母草10-16份、杏仁8-16份、贝母8-12份、栀子10-20份、牛膝8-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的清咽润喉含片,其特征在于,所述清咽润喉含片由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉25份、远志15份、百合25份、麦门冬20份、熟地15份、玄参10份、知母10份、五味子15份、白芍15份、当归20份、益母草13份、杏仁12份、贝母10份、栀子15份、牛膝10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的清咽润喉含片,其特征在于,所述清咽润喉含片由以下重量份的原料药制成:珍珠粉20份、远志20份、百合20份、麦门冬25份、熟地10份、玄参12份、知母8份、五味子20份、白芍10份、当归25份、益母草10份、杏仁16份、贝母8份、栀子20份、牛膝8份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的清咽润喉含片在制备治疗失音的药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述失音是肺肾阴虚型失音。
6.根据权利要求1所述的清咽润喉含片,其特征在于,所述的清咽润喉含片还包括药学上可接受的辅剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的清咽润喉含片,其特征在于,贝母为浙贝母,牛膝为川牛膝。
8.根据权利要求1所述的清咽润喉含片,其特征在于,制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取原料药:远志、百合、麦门冬、熟地、玄参、知母、五味子、白芍、当归、益母草、杏仁、贝母、栀子、牛膝,加水浸泡1小时;
(2)加水煎煮2次,每次加入10倍药材重量份的水,第一次煮沸煎煮50min,第二次煮沸煎煮40min,合并煎煮液,浓缩,喷雾干燥得浸膏粉,喷雾干燥条件为:进风温度为100-120℃,出风温度为80-90℃,物料温度为70-90℃, 雾化压力为0.2-0.4兆帕,喷雾速度为5-10ml/s;
(3) 将珍珠粉过120目筛,一半与喷雾干燥所得浸膏粉混合,添加异麦芽糖醇为稀释剂,另一半珍珠粉作为润滑剂,压片。
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