CN115024189A - Multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115024189A CN115024189A CN202210490072.3A CN202210490072A CN115024189A CN 115024189 A CN115024189 A CN 115024189A CN 202210490072 A CN202210490072 A CN 202210490072A CN 115024189 A CN115024189 A CN 115024189A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/18—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing inorganic fibres, e.g. mineral wool
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix, which comprises: the composite material comprises sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, water and plant seeds, wherein the components are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 200-250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100-150 parts of blast furnace water-quenched slag, 50-80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20-30 parts of rock wool fibers, 50-70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8-10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18-20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2-0.4 part of N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, 300-350 parts of water and 10-15 parts of plant seeds. The sponge matrix takes the sludge incineration slag and the blast furnace water-quenched slag as main raw materials, so that the usage amount of soil is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the waste of soil resources is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional greening, in particular to a multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The three-dimensional greening is one of the important forms of urban greening, and is an important and effective way for improving the urban ecological environment and enriching the urban greening landscape. Common methods include climbing plants, turf, greening boxes, greening grooves and the like. Climbing plants and turf have poor effects in autumn and winter, particularly in most cities in the north; greening modules such as greening boxes and greening grooves are diversified, can be used by various plants, are commonly used for overpasses, retaining walls, road side slopes and the like, and have higher management and protection cost.
The existing three-dimensional greening matrix has poor water and fertilizer retention effects, is not resistant to rain erosion, has high management and protection cost, is an extremely combustible material when the matrix is dry and not wet if the matrix is not maintained timely, has poor fireproof performance, and has poor heat insulation effect due to the attraction of the matrix.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soft soil spray-seeding matrix for a high-steep rocky side slope, which solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises: the composite material comprises sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, water and plant seeds, wherein the components are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 200-250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100-150 parts of blast furnace water-quenched slag, 50-80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20-30 parts of rock wool fibers, 50-70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8-10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18-20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2-0.4 part of N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, 300-350 parts of water and 10-15 parts of plant seeds.
Furthermore, the grain diameter of the blast furnace water-quenched slag is less than 3mm after the blast furnace water-quenched slag is crushed.
Further, the rock wool fibers are prepared by mixing iron tailings, blast furnace slag and coke according to a ratio of 3:1:1 , melting at a high temperature of 1200 ℃ and spraying into fibers with a diameter of 0.005.005 0.005 mm, wherein the length of the fibers is less than 6mm, and the content of silicon dioxide in the iron tailings is 72%.
Further, the phenolic fibers are formed by melt-blowing phenolic resin with the molecular weight of 1000.
Further, the bromine content of the brominated polyether polyol was 47%.
Furthermore, the particle size of the fly ash ceramsite is less than 3 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and plant seeds are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200-250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100-150 parts of blast furnace water-quenched slag, 50-80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20-30 parts of rock wool fibers, 50-70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8-10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18-20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2-0.4 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and 10-15 parts of plant seeds are uniformly mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture;
(2) laying the mixture obtained in the step (2) in a mould, wherein the laying height is 1/4 of the height of the mould;
(3) spraying water on the mixture in the die in the step (2) in a spraying mode, soaking the mixture, and reacting for 10 minutes;
(4) and (4) demolding the material reacted in the step (3) to obtain the sponge matrix.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the sponge matrix is in a soft sponge structure formed by reacting brominated polyether polyol with toluene diisocyanate, the structure is internally provided with open air holes, and the fly ash ceramsite is embedded in the structure, so that the matrix has strong water retention capacity and very strong sound absorption function, and has very good heat preservation function in winter, the heat preservation capacity of a building wall can be further improved, the brominated polyether polyol has good fire resistance, the fire resistance of the matrix is further improved by phenolic fibers and rock wool fibers in the matrix, and the water absorption and water retention capacity of the matrix is also greatly improved by the rock wool fibers.
The sponge matrix takes the sludge incineration slag and the blast furnace water-quenched slag as main raw materials, reduces the soil usage amount, lowers the cost, avoids the waste of soil resources, has light matrix material and various shapes, and is particularly suitable for building outer walls.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following examples, and it should be understood that the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of the examples. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a multi-functional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix, includes: the composite material comprises sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, water and plant seeds, wherein the components are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 200 parts of sludge incineration ash, 150 parts of blast furnace water quenching slag, 80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10 parts of phenolic fibers, 30 parts of rock wool fibers, 70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.4 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, 350 parts of water and 15 parts of plant seeds.
The preparation method of the multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and plant seeds are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of sludge incineration ash, 150 parts of blast furnace water quenching slag, 80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10 parts of phenolic fibers, 30 parts of rock wool fibers, 70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.4 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and 15 parts of plant seeds are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2) laying the mixture obtained in the step (2) in a mould, wherein the laying height is 1/4 of the height of the mould;
(3) spraying 350 parts of water on the mixture in the die in the step (2) in a spraying mode, soaking the mixture, and reacting for 10 minutes;
(4) and (4) demolding the material reacted in the step (3) to obtain the sponge matrix.
The sponge matrix is laid on the outer wall of a building for greening through a steel structure, the volume weight of the matrix is 0.55g/cm, the maximum water holding rate is 58.6%, and the vegetation germination rate is 99.3%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a multi-functional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix, includes: the composite material comprises sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, water and plant seeds, wherein the components are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 225 parts of sludge incineration ash, 125 parts of blast furnace water quenching slag, 65 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 15 parts of phenolic fibers, 25 parts of rock wool fibers, 60 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 9 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 19 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.3 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, 330 parts of water and 13 parts of plant seeds.
The preparation method of the multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and plant seeds are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 225 parts of sludge incineration ash, 125 parts of blast furnace water quenching slag, 65 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 15 parts of phenolic fibers, 25 parts of rock wool fibers, 60 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 9 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 19 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.3 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and 13 parts of plant seeds are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2) laying the mixture obtained in the step (2) in a mould, wherein the laying height is 1/4 of the height of the mould;
(3) spraying 330 parts of water on the mixture in the die in the step (2) in a spraying mode, soaking the mixture, and reacting for 10 minutes;
(4) and (4) demolding the material reacted in the step (3) to obtain the sponge matrix.
The sponge matrix is laid on the exterior wall of a building for greening through a steel structure, the volume weight of the matrix is 0.51g/cm for high water holding rate of 57.8 percent and the vegetation germination rate of 98.8 percent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a multi-functional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix, includes: the composite material comprises sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, water and plant seeds, wherein the components are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100 parts of blast furnace water quenching slag, 50 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20 parts of rock wool fibers, 50 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, 300 parts of water and 10 parts of plant seeds.
The preparation method of the multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and plant seeds are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100 parts of blast furnace water-quenched slag, 50 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20 parts of rock wool fibers, 50 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and 10 parts of plant seeds are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2) laying the mixture obtained in the step (2) in a mould, wherein the laying height is 1/4 of the height of the mould;
(3) spraying 300 parts of water on the mixture in the die in the step (2) in a spraying mode, soaking the mixture, and reacting for 10 minutes;
(4) and (4) demolding the material reacted in the step (3) to obtain the sponge matrix.
The sponge matrix is laid on the exterior wall of a building for greening through a steel structure, the volume weight of the matrix is 0.45g/cm for high water holding rate of 57.4 percent and the vegetation germination rate of 98.4 percent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises: the composite material comprises sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, water and plant seeds, wherein the components are composed of the following components in parts by mass: 200-250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100-150 parts of blast furnace water-quenched slag, 50-80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20-30 parts of rock wool fibers, 50-70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8-10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18-20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2-0.4 part of N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, 300-350 parts of water and 10-15 parts of plant seeds.
2. The multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grain size of the blast furnace water-quenched slag is less than 3mm after being crushed.
3. The multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rock wool fibers are prepared by mixing iron tailings, blast furnace slag and coke according to a ratio of 3:1:1 , melting at a high temperature of 1200 ℃ and spraying into fibers with a diameter of 0.005.005 0.005 mm, wherein the length of the fibers is less than 6mm, and the content of silicon dioxide in the iron tailings is 72%.
4. The multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phenolic fibers are melt blown of phenolic resin with molecular weight of 1000.
5. The multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brominated polyether polyol has a bromine content of 47%.
6. The multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the fly ash ceramsite is less than 3 mm.
7. The multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the multifunctional three-dimensional greening sponge matrix comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge incineration ash, blast furnace water quenching slag, carbonized rice hulls, phenolic fibers, rock wool fibers, fly ash ceramsite, brominated polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and plant seeds are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200-250 parts of sludge incineration ash, 100-150 parts of blast furnace water-quenched slag, 50-80 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-20 parts of phenolic fibers, 20-30 parts of rock wool fibers, 50-70 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 8-10 parts of brominated polyether polyol, 18-20 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 0.2-0.4 part of N, N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine and 10-15 parts of plant seeds are uniformly mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture;
(2) laying the mixture obtained in the step (2) in a mould, wherein the laying height is 1/4 of the height of the mould;
(3) spraying water on the mixture in the die in the step (2) in a spraying mode, soaking the mixture, and reacting for 10 minutes;
(4) and (4) demolding the material reacted in the step (3) to obtain the sponge matrix.
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