CN115020767A - Fuel cell system control method, fuel cell system and computer - Google Patents
Fuel cell system control method, fuel cell system and computer Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a control method of a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system and a computer, wherein the control method comprises the steps of obtaining the current average single-chip voltage and the current lowest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell system, and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period; comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value to obtain a comparison result; and periodically discharging nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result. According to the invention, by the principle that the hydrogen concentration is reduced to cause the voltage of a single chip to be reduced so as to identify the accumulation time of the nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side, the exhaust valve learns the closing time, the switching period of the exhaust valve can be updated according to different conditions, and the nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side can be discharged in time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a fuel cell system control method, a fuel cell system, and a computer.
Background
A fuel cell is an electrochemical reaction device in which hydrogen and oxygen react in two half-electrodes to produce water, which converts chemical energy into electrical energy and, at the same time, into heat energy with a loss in efficiency. The fuel cell stack is formed by connecting a plurality of fuel cell single sheets in series in a negative-positive-negative-positive repeated mode, and two adjacent fuel cell single sheets are separated by a bipolar plate. The surface of one side of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen supply channel and is contacted with a hydrogen reaction electrode, the surface of the other side of the bipolar plate is provided with an oxygen supply channel and is contacted with an oxygen reaction electrode, a cooling liquid supply channel is formed in the middle of the bipolar plate, and the channels of different media are sealed by sealing materials.
In the operation process of the fuel cell system, in order to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen, the hydrogen side is in a semi-closed state generally, and the exhaust valve is used for intermittently opening and exhausting nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side, but along with the concentration difference generated on the hydrogen side and the oxygen side, the nitrogen on the oxygen side can permeate into the hydrogen side through the proton exchange membrane, and meanwhile, the hydrogen applied in the fuel cell system is not 100% pure hydrogen, so that in the closing stage of the exhaust valve, the nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side can be accumulated to cause the reduction of the hydrogen concentration, and further the performance of the fuel cell is influenced.
The existing fuel cell system works according to a fixed opening-closing time period by adopting a rack to calibrate the exhaust valve, but because the gas concentration in the galvanic pile, the thickness of a proton membrane and the gap can change along with the running time of the galvanic pile, and meanwhile, the accumulated amount of impurity gas in unit time is different due to different nitrogen permeation rates and different hydrogen purities, the exhaust valve cannot exhaust in time when being opened and closed according to the fixed time period, and the service life of the fuel cell is further shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell system control method, a fuel cell system and a computer, aiming at solving the problem of untimely exhaust of a fuel cell in the prior art and enabling the switching period of an exhaust valve of the fuel cell system to flexibly change according to respective states.
The technical content of the invention is as follows:
a fuel cell system control method comprising the steps of:
acquiring the current average monolithic voltage and the current lowest monolithic voltage of a fuel cell system, and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period;
comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value to obtain a comparison result;
and periodically discharging nitrogen gas and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
Further, the periodically discharging nitrogen gas and other impurity gas on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result includes:
and if the current average single-chip voltage is greater than the average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value and the current lowest single-chip voltage is greater than the lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, switching an exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to a first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
Further, the discharging nitrogen gas and other impurity gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system in cycles according to the comparison result further includes:
and if the current average single-chip voltage is not greater than the average single-chip voltage lowest threshold and the current lowest single-chip voltage is not greater than the lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold, comparing the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single opening and closing period with the closing time of the exhaust valve in a first period.
Further, when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period is not less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in a first period, the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack is switched according to the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
Further, when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period is less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in a first period, the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack is opened according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
Further, when the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack is opened according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other impurities on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack, the method comprises the following steps: the cumulative closing time is recorded as Tn, and the number of recordings is recorded as n + 1.
Further, when the exhaust valve connected to the fuel cell system stack is opened according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust the nitrogen and other impurities on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack, the method further includes: presetting exhaust valve learning times, and comparing the recorded times with the exhaust valve learning times.
Further, when the recording times are equal to the exhaust valve learning times, calculating the closing time of the exhaust valve, updating the closing time in the first period according to the closing time, and switching the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the updated first period to exhaust the nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
Further, when the recording times are not equal to the exhaust valve learning times, returning to obtain the next current average single-chip voltage and the current lowest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell system again, recording the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack in the next single switching period, obtaining the comparison result again, and discharging nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result in a period.
According to the fuel cell system control method described above, the present invention provides a fuel cell system including:
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current average monolithic voltage and the current lowest monolithic voltage of a fuel cell system and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period;
the first comparison unit is used for comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value;
the second comparison unit is used for comparing the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period with the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period;
the first control unit is used for opening the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period is less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period;
the third comparison unit is used for comparing the recording times with the exhaust valve learning times;
a calculating unit for calculating the closing time of the exhaust valve when the recording times are equal to the learning times of the exhaust valve;
and the second control unit is used for periodically discharging nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
According to the fuel cell system control method, the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the storage medium, and when the instruction is loaded and executed by a processor, the operation of the fuel cell system control method is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise: the reduction of the hydrogen concentration can cause the reduction of the single-chip voltage, so that the principle of identifying the accumulation time of the nitrogen at the hydrogen side and other miscellaneous gases is adopted, the exhaust valve can learn the closing time per se, the switching period of the exhaust valve can be updated according to different conditions, the nitrogen at the hydrogen side and other miscellaneous gases are ensured to be discharged in time, the lowest single-chip voltage and the average single-chip voltage value are recovered to the normal range, the attenuation rate of a fuel cell system can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the fuel cell system is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow schematic block diagram of a fuel cell system control method of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell water discharge and air discharge apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing a schematic block diagram of a fuel cell exhaust water control method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a flow of a fuel cell system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Wherein, the labels of each structure in fig. 2 are:
1-a stack air inlet; 2-a stack air outlet; 3-electric pile; 4-a hydrogen gas injector; 5-an exhaust valve; 6-a drain valve; 7-tail calandria.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell system control method including the steps of:
i: acquiring the current average monolithic voltage and the current lowest monolithic voltage of a fuel cell system, and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period;
II: comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value to obtain a comparison result;
III: and periodically discharging nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
And if the current average monolithic voltage is greater than the monolithic voltage minimum threshold and the current lowest monolithic voltage is greater than the lowest monolithic voltage minimum threshold, switching an exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to a first period, and exhausting nitrogen and other accumulated impurities on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
If the accumulated closing time is less than the closing time in the first period, the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack is opened and closed according to the first period, and nitrogen and other accumulated miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack are exhausted; if the accumulated closing time is not less than the closing time in the first period, the exhaust valve is forcibly opened according to the opening time in the first period, and the nitrogen gas at the hydrogen side and other accumulated impurity gases are exhausted.
And then, by comparing the learning times of the exhaust valve and the times of the closing time respectively accumulated in multiple single opening and closing cycles, further judging that the exhaust valve needs to be learned again or updating the closing time in the first cycle according to the multiple accumulated closing time and the learning times to be used as a new first cycle, so that the exhaust valve is opened and closed according to the cycle until the fuel cell system detects other conditions that the exhaust valve needs to be learned again.
According to fig. 2, this embodiment is applied to a fuel cell water and gas exhaust device, and the device includes a stack 3, a stack air inlet 1, a stack air outlet 2, a hydrogen injector 4, an exhaust valve 5, a water drain valve 6 and a tail pipe 7, wherein the hydrogen injector 4 is connected to the stack 3, the stack 3 is connected to the exhaust valve 5 and the water drain valve 6, the exhaust valve 5 and the water drain valve 6 are connected in parallel, and then connected to the tail pipe 7, and the stack air outlet 2 is connected to the tail pipe 7.
The hydrogen injector 4 of the device is used for supplying gas to the galvanic pile 3 and controlling hydrogen pressure, the exhaust valve 5 is used for discharging accumulated nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side, the drain valve 6 is used for discharging water generated at the hydrogen side of the galvanic pile, and the tail exhaust pipe 7 is used for communicating the external environment to flow back the gas and the water discharged by the galvanic pile to the environment.
The fuel cell system control method of the embodiment identifies the accumulation time of nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side through the voltage drop of a single chip caused by the hydrogen concentration drop, so that the exhaust valve learns the closing time, the closing time of the exhaust valve can be updated according to different conditions, the first period of the exhaust valve is updated, the exhaust valve is opened and closed through the first period after real-time updating, and the nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system stack are ensured to be discharged in time,
example 2
According to the fuel cell control method of embodiment 1, this embodiment specifically provides a fuel cell system control method, which is implemented by the fuel cell water exhaust and exhaust device of embodiment 1, and controls the exhaust valve through a self-learning method, and the opening and closing of the exhaust valve can be performed according to different situations, including the following steps:
reading the current average monolithic voltage V1 and the current lowest monolithic voltage V2 of the fuel cell system, and recording the accumulated closing time t4 in a single opening and closing period of the exhaust valve;
judging whether the current average monolithic voltage V1 is greater than the average monolithic voltage minimum threshold V3, and judging whether the current minimum monolithic voltage V2 is greater than the minimum monolithic voltage minimum threshold V4 to obtain a comparison result;
and if the current average monolithic voltage V1 is greater than the monolithic voltage minimum threshold value V3 and the current minimum monolithic voltage V2 is greater than the minimum monolithic voltage minimum threshold value V4, switching an exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to a first period, and exhausting nitrogen and other accumulated impurities on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
The first period includes an off time t1 and an on time t2, which are values previously calibrated by the gantry.
And if the current average monolithic voltage is not greater than the monolithic voltage lowest threshold value and the current lowest monolithic voltage is not greater than the lowest monolithic voltage lowest threshold value, comparing the accumulated closing time t4 of the exhaust valve in a single switching period with the closing time t1 of the exhaust valve in the first period.
When the accumulated closing time t4 of the exhaust valve in a single opening and closing period is not less than the closing time t1 of the exhaust valve in the first period, the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack is opened and closed according to the first period, and nitrogen and other accumulated mixed gas on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack are exhausted.
When the accumulated closing time t4 of the exhaust valve in a single switching period is less than the closing time t1 of the exhaust valve in the first period, the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system electric pile is forcibly opened according to the opening time in the first period, and the nitrogen and other accumulated impurities on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system electric pile are exhausted.
Meanwhile, the accumulated closing time is recorded as Tn, wherein Tn is t4, the recording times are recorded as N is N +1, and N is more than or equal to 1;
presetting exhaust valve learning times as A, wherein A is more than 1, and comparing the recorded times with the exhaust valve learning times, namely judging whether N is A +1 or not.
When N is equal to a +1, the closing time T1 in the first period is calculated and updated, and T1 is equal to (T1+ T2+ T3+ … + Tn)/a, in the embodiment, N is equal to 1, T1 is calculated, and after the first period is updated, the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack is opened and closed according to the updated first period, and the nitrogen gas on the hydrogen side and other accumulated impurity gases in the fuel cell system stack are exhausted.
When N is not equal to A +1, returning to the step of acquiring the current average single-chip voltage and the current lowest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell system, recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell system stack in a single switching period, acquiring the next current average single-chip voltage, namely the current lowest single-chip voltage, recording the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack in the next single switching period, re-comparing whether the current average single-chip voltage is greater than the average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, and comparing whether the current lowest single-chip voltage is greater than the lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value until the current average single-chip voltage V1 is greater than the average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value V3 and the current lowest single-chip voltage V2 is greater than the lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value V4 or t4 is greater than or equal to t1, ending the learning process, and exhausting the exhaust valve exhausting other accumulated miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the stack and other accumulated miscellaneous gases according to the opening time and the closing time of the first period .
Other miscellaneous gases in the present embodiment refer to other gases such as Cox, SOx, etc. generated in the operation of the fuel cell.
In the present embodiment, as shown in connection with fig. 3, the water discharge and gas exhaust device by the fuel cell is used in connection with the water discharge valve.
Firstly, the target value of the water content of the stack is preset as W2, and the periodic opening time t3 of the drain valve.
Secondly, the drain valve is controlled by the following steps:
acquiring current and target current of a fuel cell system, wherein the current and target current are respectively I1 and I2, and the target current is used for calculating the required power of the whole vehicle or testing data;
comparing whether the current I1 is equal to the target current I2, reading the current stack water content W1 of the fuel cell system when the current I1 is equal to the target current I2, namely waiting for t1, and reacquiring the next current and target current of the fuel cell system when the current I1 is not equal to the target current I2;
comparing whether the current cell stack water content W1 is less than or equal to a cell stack water content target value W2, when the current cell stack water content W1 is less than or equal to a cell stack water content target value W2, periodically opening a drain valve t3 for discharging water on the hydrogen side of the cell stack of the fuel cell system through a tail drain pipe, and when the current cell stack water content W1 is greater than the cell stack water content target value W2, forcibly opening the drain valve t3 for discharging water on the hydrogen side of the cell stack through the tail drain pipe;
finally, the fuel cell system water drainage and air exhaust functions are realized by combining the control method of the fuel cell system provided by the embodiment.
After water and gas are discharged from the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system stack, judging whether a shutdown instruction of the fuel cell system is received or not, if so, shutting down the fuel cell; if not, returning to continuously obtain the current I1 and the target I2 of the fuel cell system, and controlling the fuel cell system to drain water and exhaust gas again.
In this embodiment, the comparison relationship between the voltage threshold, the target water content value, the closing and opening time values of the drain valve and the exhaust valve, and the learning time value of the exhaust valve may be from experimental data or modeling statistical data, and in this embodiment, it is considered that the engine may be attenuated after a certain time of operation, and the cell voltage value may be reduced during normal operation of the stack, so the average cell voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum cell voltage minimum threshold V4 of the fuel cell system may be self-calibrated along with the operation of the engine, and the calibration method may be operation data statistics or modeling statistical data, so as to ensure the validity of the average cell voltage minimum threshold V3 and the minimum cell voltage minimum threshold V4 of the fuel cell.
Example 3
As shown in connection with embodiment 2 and fig. 4, this embodiment provides a fuel cell system, including:
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current average monolithic voltage and the current lowest monolithic voltage of a fuel cell system and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period;
the first comparison unit is used for comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value;
the second comparison unit is used for comparing the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period with the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period;
the first control unit is used for opening the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single opening and closing period is less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period;
the third comparison unit is used for comparing the recorded times with the exhaust valve learning times;
a calculating unit for calculating the closing time of the exhaust valve when the recording times are equal to the learning times of the exhaust valve;
and the second control unit is used for periodically discharging nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores at least one instruction that when loaded and executed by a processor, implements the operations of the fuel cell system control method according to any one of embodiment 1 above.
The invention ensures the self-learning closing time of the exhaust valve through the plurality of embodiments, further ensures the timely discharge of nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system stack, ensures that the lowest monolithic voltage and the average monolithic voltage value are recovered to be within the normal range, effectively slows down the attenuation rate of the engine, prolongs the service life of the engine, flexibly meets various conditions when the exhaust valve is used, does not increase the complexity of the fuel cell system structure, can save the cost and achieves the aim of exhausting.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell system control method characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the current average monolithic voltage and the current lowest monolithic voltage of a fuel cell system, and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period;
comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value to obtain a comparison result;
and periodically discharging nitrogen gas and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
2. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the periodically discharging nitrogen and other impurity gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result comprises the following steps:
and if the current average single-chip voltage is greater than the average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value and the current lowest single-chip voltage is greater than the lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value, switching an exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to a first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
3. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the discharging of the nitrogen gas and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result in cycles further comprises:
and if the current average monolithic voltage is not greater than the average monolithic voltage lowest threshold value and the current lowest monolithic voltage is not greater than the lowest monolithic voltage lowest threshold value, comparing the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period with the closing time of the exhaust valve in a first period.
4. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period is not less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in a first period, opening and closing the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
5. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in the single switching period is less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period, opening the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust the nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
6. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: when opening the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack, the method comprises the following steps:
recording the accumulated closing time as Tn, and recording the recording times as n + 1;
presetting the exhaust valve learning frequency, and comparing the recorded frequency with the exhaust valve learning frequency.
7. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: and when the recorded times are equal to the learning times of the exhaust valve, calculating the closing time of the exhaust valve, updating the closing time in the first period according to the closing time, and switching the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the updated first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack.
8. The fuel cell system control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: and when the recorded times are not equal to the exhaust valve learning times, returning to reacquire the next current average single-chip voltage and the current lowest single-chip voltage of the fuel cell system, recording the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in the next single switching period, reacquiring the comparison result and periodically exhausting nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases at the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
9. A fuel cell system characterized by: the system comprises:
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current average monolithic voltage and the current lowest monolithic voltage of a fuel cell system and recording the accumulated closing time of an exhaust valve connected with a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system in a single switching period;
the first comparison unit is used for comparing the current average single-chip voltage with an average single-chip voltage lowest threshold value and comparing the current lowest single-chip voltage with a lowest single-chip voltage lowest threshold value;
the second comparison unit is used for comparing the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period with the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period;
the first control unit is used for opening the exhaust valve connected with the fuel cell system stack according to the opening time in the first period to exhaust nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system stack when the accumulated closing time of the exhaust valve in a single switching period is less than the closing time of the exhaust valve in the first period;
the third comparison unit is used for comparing the recording times with the exhaust valve learning times;
a calculating unit for calculating the closing time of the exhaust valve when the recording times are equal to the learning times of the exhaust valve;
and the second control unit is used for periodically discharging nitrogen and other miscellaneous gases on the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system according to the comparison result.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, characterized in that: the instructions are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the operations of any one of the above fuel cell system control methods.
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