CN212461751U - Fuel cell and control system thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN212461751U CN212461751U CN202021181171.6U CN202021181171U CN212461751U CN 212461751 U CN212461751 U CN 212461751U CN 202021181171 U CN202021181171 U CN 202021181171U CN 212461751 U CN212461751 U CN 212461751U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells; the technical problem to be solved is as follows: an improvement of a hardware structure of a fuel cell is provided; the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the fuel cell stack is formed by stacking a plurality of single cells, one end of the fuel cell stack is provided with an anode pressing plate, the other end of the fuel cell stack is provided with a cathode pressing plate, insulating sheets are arranged among the single cells in the fuel cell stack, and the output end of each single cell is provided with a switch; the utility model discloses be applied to fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell and control system thereof belongs to fuel cell and control system technical field thereof.
Background
The world petroleum crisis and environmental pollution call for an innovation in energy technology. The source of hydrogen is wide, and the hydrogen resources in the existing chemical byproducts are rich; and hydrogen gas can be produced by electrolyzing water, wherein electricity can be obtained from solar power generation or wind power generation, therefore, hydrogen gas belongs to green energy, and hydrogen energy is considered as the cleanest energy. The hydrogen fuel cell is a zero-pollution power generation technology, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, zero pollution, modularization integration and the like, and is considered to be a preferred power technology of a power cell of a future automobile, especially a commercial vehicle.
The hydrogen fuel cell belongs to electrochemical power generation technology, and is generally formed by connecting a plurality of cells in series, and the reliability of the fuel cell is directly influenced by the power generation characteristic of a single cell. The bipolar plate of the existing fuel cell is a power taking plate at the same time, so that the single cells in the fuel cell stack are in a series structure, and the situation that the single cells cannot be independently isolated is limited in the stack structure; cell power consistency is a key parameter of fuel cells and is typically measured by monitoring cell voltage consistency. Factors influencing the voltage of the single cell in the fuel cell are very complex, including load working conditions, the inherent process quality and service life cycle of the membrane electrode, the concentration and flow rate of hydrogen/oxygen, temperature, humidity, impurities and other factors, namely, the voltage of the single cell is variable and has volatility, if the voltage fluctuation of a certain single cell exceeds the differential pressure protection value of a stack, the existing fuel cell cannot realize the electrical isolation of the single cell, so that the whole fuel cell stops working, the working reliability of the fuel cell is directly influenced, and therefore the fuel cell with high reliability needs to be provided.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an overcome not enough that exists among the prior art, the technical problem that will solve is: an improvement in the hardware structure of a fuel cell and its control system is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a fuel cell comprises a fuel cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of single cells, wherein one end of the fuel cell stack is provided with a positive pressure plate, and the other end of the fuel cell stack is provided with a negative pressure plate;
insulating sheets are arranged among the single cells in the fuel cell stack;
the output end of each single pool is provided with a switch.
The single cell comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein one side surface of the cathode plate is in contact with one side surface of the anode plate through a membrane electrode;
the other side surface of the cathode plate is provided with a positive current collecting unit extending to the outer side of the fuel cell stack, and the positive current collecting unit is provided with a positive electricity taking column;
and the other side surface of the anode plate is provided with a negative current collecting unit extending to the outer side of the fuel cell stack, and the negative current collecting unit is provided with a negative electricity taking column.
The positive current collecting unit comprises a positive metal current collecting net and a positive current collecting piece, the positive current collecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the positive metal current collecting net, and the positive current collecting piece is fixedly connected with the positive metal current collecting net through a plurality of rivets;
the negative current collecting unit comprises a negative metal current collecting net and a negative current collecting piece, wherein the negative current collecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the negative metal current collecting net, and is fixedly connected with the negative metal current collecting net through a plurality of rivets.
The output end of the fuel cell stack is connected with the input end of the DC-DC converter through a lead, and the output end of the DC-DC converter is connected with a load through a lead.
The positive current collecting piece is an aluminum sheet, and the negative current collecting piece is a copper sheet.
A fuel cell control system comprises a hydrogen storage and supply unit, an air supply unit, a heat dissipation unit and a control unit, and is characterized in that: the hydrogen storage and supply unit comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, wherein a gas outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is connected with a first gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through a first pipeline, a pressure reducing valve, a switch valve, a hydrogen flowmeter and a hydrogen pressure gauge are arranged on the first pipeline, the first gas inlet of the fuel cell stack is connected with an output end of a hydrogen circulating pump through a first pipeline, an input end of the hydrogen circulating pump is connected with a first gas outlet of the fuel cell stack through a pipeline, and a hydrogen tail discharge valve is arranged on a pipeline of the first gas outlet of the fuel cell stack;
the air supply unit comprises a filter, the filter is connected with a second air inlet of the fuel cell stack through a second pipeline, an air flow meter, an air compressor, an air thermometer, an air pressure gauge, an air humidifier and an air hygrometer are arranged on the second pipeline, and a back pressure valve is arranged on a second air outlet of the fuel cell stack;
the heat dissipation unit comprises a water pump, one end of the water pump is connected with a water inlet of the fuel cell stack through a third pipeline, the other end of the water pump is connected with one end of a radiator through the third pipeline, and the other end of the radiator is connected with a water outlet of the fuel cell stack through the third pipeline;
the control unit is internally provided with a microcontroller, the microcontroller is respectively connected with control ends of the pressure reducing valve, the switch valve, the hydrogen tail discharge valve and the backpressure valve through leads, the microcontroller is also respectively connected with control ends of the hydrogen circulating pump, the air compressor, the water pump, the air humidifier and the radiator through leads, the microcontroller is also respectively connected with signal output ends of the hydrogen flowmeter, the hydrogen pressure gauge, the air flow meter, the air thermometer, the air pressure gauge and the air hygrometer through leads, and the microcontroller is also connected with the control end of the switch through leads.
And a single cell voltage detection module is also arranged in the control unit and is connected with the microcontroller through a lead.
And a third pipeline for connecting the radiator with the water outlet of the fuel cell stack is provided with a cooling liquid thermometer, and the signal output end of the cooling liquid thermometer is connected with the microcontroller through a lead.
The utility model discloses effective effect for prior art possesses does: the utility model realizes the insulation between the single cells structurally by arranging the insulation sheets between the single cells in the fuel cell, namely realizing the electric independence between the single cells; each single cell is provided with a switch, the on-off state of each single cell can be independently controlled, when a certain single cell breaks down, the single cell can be electrically isolated by controlling the switch of the single cell, the work of the whole fuel cell cannot be influenced, and the reliability of the fuel cell is greatly improved; the utility model discloses a single cell is provided with the mass flow unit that can extend to the fuel cell outside, and the connection has changed traditional fuel cell's single cell inside electricity into outside electricity and has connected, has realized the independent control of fuel cell single cell electricity generation to fuel cell's reliability has been improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single tank structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the negative current collecting unit of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the positive current collecting unit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell control system according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a fuel cell control method according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a single cell, 2 is a fuel cell stack, 3 is a positive electrode pressure plate, 4 is a negative electrode pressure plate, 5 is an insulating sheet, 6 is a switch, 7 is a DC-DC converter, 8 is a load, 22 is a hydrogen storage and supply unit, 23 is an air supply unit, 24 is a heat dissipation unit, 25 is a control unit, 26 is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, 27 is a pressure reducing valve, 28 is a switch valve, 29 is a hydrogen tail discharge valve, 30 is a hydrogen circulating pump, 31 is a first pipeline, 32 is a filter, 33 is an air flow meter, 34 is an air compressor, 35 is a back pressure valve, 36 is a second pipeline, 37 is a water pump, 38 is a heat radiator, 39 is a cooling liquid thermometer, 40 is a third pipeline, 41 is a hydrogen flow meter, 42 is hydrogen, 43 is an air thermometer, a pressure gauge 44 is an air pressure gauge, 45 is an air humidifier, and 46 is an air hygrometer;
101 is a cathode plate, 102 is an anode plate, 103 is a membrane electrode, 104 is an anode current collecting unit, 105 is an anode current collecting column, 106 is a cathode current collecting unit, 107 is a cathode current collecting column, 1041 is an anode metal current collecting net, 1042 is an anode current collecting piece, 1061 is an anode metal current collecting net, 1062 is an anode current collecting piece, 2501 is a microcontroller, and 2502 is a single cell voltage detection module.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a fuel cell of the present invention includes a fuel cell stack 2 formed by stacking a plurality of unit cells 1, wherein a positive electrode pressing plate 3 is disposed at one end of the fuel cell stack 2, and a negative electrode pressing plate 4 is disposed at the other end of the fuel cell stack 2;
the output end of each single pool 1 is provided with a switch 6.
The single cell 1 comprises a cathode plate 101 and an anode plate 102, wherein one side surface of the cathode plate 101 is in contact with one side surface of the anode plate 102 through a membrane electrode 103;
the other side surface of the cathode plate 101 is provided with an anode current collecting unit 104 extending to the outer side of the fuel cell stack 2, and the anode current collecting unit 104 is provided with an anode electricity taking column 105;
the other side surface of the anode plate 102 is provided with a negative current collecting unit 106 extending to the outside of the fuel cell stack 2, and the negative current collecting unit 106 is provided with a negative electricity taking column 107.
The positive current collecting unit 104 comprises a positive metal current collecting net 1041 and a positive current collecting plate 1042, wherein the positive current collecting plate 1042 is arranged on the outer side of the positive metal current collecting net 1041, and the positive current collecting plate 1042 is fixedly connected with the positive metal current collecting net 1041 through a plurality of rivets;
the negative current collecting unit 106 comprises a negative metal current collecting net 1061 and a negative current collecting piece 1062, wherein the negative current collecting piece 1062 is arranged on the outer side of the negative metal current collecting net 1061, and the negative current collecting piece 1062 is fixedly connected with the negative metal current collecting net 1061 through a plurality of rivets.
The output end of the fuel cell stack 2 is connected with the input end of a DC-DC converter 7 through a lead, and the output end of the DC-DC converter 7 is connected with a load 8 through a lead.
The positive current collecting plate 1042 is specifically an aluminum plate, and the negative current collecting plate 1062 is specifically a copper plate.
A fuel cell control system includes a hydrogen storage and supply unit 22, an air supply unit 23, a heat dissipation unit 24, and a control unit 25, and is characterized in that: the hydrogen storage and supply unit 22 comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 26, an air outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 26 is connected with a first air inlet of the fuel cell stack 2 through a first pipeline 31, the first pipeline 31 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 27, a switch valve 28, a hydrogen flowmeter 41 and a hydrogen pressure gauge 42, the first air inlet of the fuel cell stack 2 is connected with an output end of a hydrogen circulating pump 30 through the first pipeline 31, an input end of the hydrogen circulating pump 30 is connected with a first air outlet of the fuel cell stack 2 through a pipeline, and a pipeline of the first air outlet of the fuel cell stack 2 is provided with a hydrogen tail discharge valve 29;
the air supply unit 23 comprises a filter 32, the filter 32 is connected with a second air inlet of the fuel cell stack 2 through a second pipeline 36, an air flow meter 33, an air compressor 34, an air thermometer 43, an air pressure gauge 44, an air humidifier 45 and an air hygrometer 46 are arranged on the second pipeline 36, and a back pressure valve 35 is arranged on a second air outlet of the fuel cell stack 2;
the heat dissipation unit 24 comprises a water pump 37, one end of the water pump 37 is connected with the water inlet of the fuel cell stack 2 through a third pipeline 40, the other end of the water pump 37 is connected with one end of a heat sink 38 through the third pipeline 40, and the other end of the heat sink 38 is connected with the water outlet of the fuel cell stack 2 through the third pipeline 40;
the inside microcontroller 2501 that is provided with of the control unit 25, microcontroller 2501 links to each other with the control end of relief pressure valve 27, ooff valve 28, hydrogen tail-gate valve 29, back pressure valve 35 respectively through the wire, microcontroller 2501 still links to each other with the control end of hydrogen circulating pump 30, air compressor 34, water pump 37, air humidifier 45, radiator 38 respectively through the wire, microcontroller 2501 still links to each other with the signal output part of hydrogen flowmeter 41, hydrogen pressure gauge 42, air flowmeter 33, air thermometer 43, air pressure gauge 44, air hygrometer 46 respectively through the wire, microcontroller 2501 still links to each other with the control end of switch 6 through the wire.
A single cell voltage detection module 2502 is further arranged inside the control unit 25, and the single cell voltage detection module 2502 is connected with the microcontroller 2501 through a lead.
A cooling liquid thermometer 39 is arranged on a third pipeline 40 of the radiator 38 connected with the water outlet of the fuel cell stack 2, and the signal output end of the cooling liquid thermometer 39 is connected with the microcontroller 2501 through a lead.
A fuel cell control method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: connecting and starting a hydrogen storage and supply unit 22, an air supply unit 23, a heat dissipation unit 24 and a control unit 25 in the fuel cell control system with a power supply;
step two: the control unit 25 completes system self-test by receiving electric feedback signals of the hydrogen storage and supply unit 22, the air supply unit 23 and the heat dissipation unit 24;
step three: the control unit 25 collects signal feedback data of each monitoring unit comprising a hydrogen flow meter 41, a hydrogen pressure meter 42, an air flow meter 33, an air thermometer 43, an air pressure meter 44, an air hygrometer 46 and a cooling liquid thermometer 49, after the feedback data meet set starting conditions, reaction gas is switched on, hydrogen and air respectively enter the fuel cell stack 2 through a first air inlet and a second air inlet, the signal feedback data of each monitoring unit do not meet the starting conditions, and the hydrogen storage and supply unit 22, the air supply unit 23 and the heat dissipation unit 24 are subjected to power-off detection;
step four: according to the third step, when the signal feedback data of the monitoring unit meets the starting condition, after the reaction gas is switched on, the single cell voltage detection module 2502 of the control unit 25 collects the open-circuit voltage data of each single cell, and sends the collected single cell voltage data to the microcontroller 2501 of the control unit 25 for data processing and judgment, and the judgment is carried out according to the judgment condition that the single cell open-circuit voltage range is 0.9V-1.0V and the single cell differential pressure is less than 50 mV;
step five: judging the single cell condition according to the single cell open-circuit voltage and the single cell differential pressure range in the fourth step, wherein the single cell open-circuit voltage and the single cell differential pressure are normal, gradually loading loads at two ends of the fuel cell stack 2, and when data of a certain single cell open-circuit voltage or single cell differential pressure is abnormal, the microcontroller 2501 controls the switch 6 arranged on the single cell to act, so that the abnormal single cell is isolated;
step six: after the abnormal cells are isolated according to the fifth step, the fuel cell stack 2 starts to generate power, the cell voltage detection module 2502 continues to monitor the cell working voltage in power generation in the power generation process, the cell working voltage in power generation is 0.6V-0.7V, when a certain cell voltage deviates from a normal range, the microcontroller 2501 controls the switch 6 arranged on the cell to operate, the abnormal cells are isolated, the other cells generate power normally, until a shutdown instruction is received, the fuel cell stack 2 stops generating power, and each monitoring unit is powered off.
The fuel cell stack 2 of the utility model is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of single cells, and the insulating sheet 5 is arranged between the single cells 1 to realize the electric independence between the single cells, the anode pressing plate 3 and the cathode pressing plate 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the fuel cell stack 2, the plurality of single cells are assembled into the fuel cell stack 2, and the switch 6 is arranged at the output end of each single cell; the single cell 1 comprises a cathode plate 101, an anode plate 102, a membrane electrode 103, an anode current collecting unit 104, a cathode current collecting unit 106, an anode electricity taking column 105 and a cathode electricity taking column 107, wherein the membrane electrode 103 is composed of a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer, an anode catalyst layer, a cathode diffusion layer and an anode diffusion layer.
The output end of the fuel cell pile 2 of the utility model is connected with a DC-DC converter 7 through a lead, and after the voltage is adjusted to the range required by the load, the output end is connected with a load 8 through the DC-DC converter 7; the positive current collecting unit 104 comprises a positive metal current collecting net 1041 and a positive current collecting plate 1042, wherein the positive current collecting plate 1042 is arranged on the outer side of the positive metal current collecting net 1041, and the positive metal current collecting net 1041 and the positive current collecting plate 1042 are fixedly connected through rivets through a plurality of arranged riveting holes; the negative current collecting unit 106 comprises a negative metal current collecting net 1061 and a negative current collecting piece 1062, wherein the negative current collecting piece 1062 is arranged on the outer side of the negative metal current collecting net 1061, and the negative metal current collecting net 1061 and the negative current collecting piece 1062 are fixedly connected through rivets arranged through a plurality of riveting holes; and one ends of the positive current collecting unit 104 and the negative current collecting unit 106 extending out of the fuel cell stack 2 are respectively provided with a positive pole electricity taking column 105 and a negative pole electricity taking column 107; the arrangement of the power column changes the traditional series connection mode in the fuel cell into an external electric connection mode, the connection mode among the single cells can be specifically a series connection mode, a parallel connection mode or a series-parallel connection mode so as to adapt to a wider external load voltage or current platform, and when the single cells are connected, the start and stop of a certain single cell in the fuel cell can be independently controlled through the arranged switch 6.
The utility model discloses a fuel cell control system, which comprises a hydrogen storage and supply unit 22, an air supply unit 23, a heat dissipation unit 24 and a control unit 25; wherein, the hydrogen storage and supply unit 22 comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle 26, a pressure reducing valve 27, a switch valve 28, a hydrogen tail discharge valve 29, a hydrogen circulating pump 30 and a first pipeline 31; the air supply unit 23 includes a filter 32, an air flow meter 33, an air compressor 34, a back pressure valve 35, a second pipe 36, an air temperature meter 43, an air pressure gauge 44, and an air humidity meter 46; the heat radiating unit 24 includes a water pump 37, a radiator 38, a coolant thermometer 39, and a third pipe 40; the utility model discloses a fuel cell control system passes through the control unit 25 and realizes the monitoring control to the inside each unit cell of fuel cell electricity generation and fuel cell, the inside microcontroller 2501 that is provided with of specific control unit 25, microcontroller 2501 pass through the wire respectively with relief pressure valve 27, ooff valve 28, hydrogen tail valve 29, hydrogen circulating pump 30, air flow meter 33, air compressor 34, back pressure valve 35, water pump 37, radiator 38, coolant liquid thermometer 39, hydrogen flow meter 41, hydrogen pressure gauge 42, air thermometer 43, air pressure gauge 44, air humidifier 45, air hygrometer 46, unit cell switch 6 links to each other.
A cell voltage detection module 2502 is further arranged in the control unit 25, the input end of the cell voltage detection module 2502 is connected with the microcontroller 2501 through a lead, the output end of the cell voltage detection module 2502 is connected with a cell plate through a lead, a switch 6 arranged at the output end of the cell 1 adopts an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, and the switch 6 is driven to be switched on and off by voltage; the voltage of each single cell can be monitored in real time before the fuel cell is powered on and during power generation through the single cell voltage detection module 2502, the microcontroller 2501 processes and analyzes the data detected by the single cell voltage detection module, when a certain single cell voltage is lower than a normal range, the microcontroller 2501 controls the switch 6 arranged on the single cell to be disconnected, the single cell is electrically isolated, other single cells normally work, the reliability of power generation of the fuel cell is guaranteed, meanwhile, the single cell is prevented from continuing to generate power when the voltage is too low, the condition of rapid attenuation of a membrane electrode is caused, and the service life of the whole fuel cell is prolonged.
The utility model discloses a when fuel cell used with the cooperation of fuel cell control system, its working procedure as follows: 1) the fuel cell receives a starting instruction; 2) powering up a fuel cell control system; 3) the system self-check detects whether each auxiliary unit is powered on, whether a feedback signal is normal and the like; 4) if the starting conditions are met, namely the control unit 25 collects all monitoring units including a hydrogen flow meter 41, a hydrogen pressure meter 42, an air flow meter 33, an air temperature meter 43, an air pressure meter 44, an air hygrometer 46 and a cooling liquid thermometer 39, and the feedback quantities meet the starting conditions, the reaction gas is switched on, air and hydrogen enter the fuel cell, otherwise, the auxiliary unit is powered off; 5) the single cell voltage detection module detects single cell open-circuit voltage, the microcontroller 2501 judges whether the cell voltage and the cell voltage difference are normal, the normal range of the cell open-circuit voltage is generally 0.9V-1.0V, and the single cell voltage difference is generally less than 50 mV; 6) if the open circuit voltage is normal, gradually loading, otherwise, isolating the abnormal battery; 7) in the power generation process of the fuel cell, the single cell voltage detection module detects the voltage of the continuously detected single cell, the normal working voltage range of the single cell is 0.6V-0.7V, if the voltage of a certain single cell deviates from the normal range, the voltage of the single cell is immediately isolated, so that the continuity of the whole power generation of the system is guaranteed, and the fuel cell is shut down until a shutdown instruction is received.
The utility model provides a fuel cell, wherein an insulation structure is arranged between each single cell in the galvanic pile, thus realizing the insulation and isolation between the single cells structurally; secondly, each single cell is provided with an independent switch, and the single cell with a fault is quickly electrically isolated by combining a single cell voltage detection module, and the remaining normal single cells can still normally generate electricity, so that the sustainability of the power generation of the fuel cell system is ensured, and the reliability of the power generation technology of the fuel cell is greatly improved. On the other hand, the utility model can solve the problem of battery protection shutdown caused by the fluctuation of the battery voltage in the power generation process, and improve the power generation reliability of the fuel cell; the independent power generation of the single cell in the pile can be realized, the power generation of the single cell with too low voltage can be cut off in time, and the irreversible damage possibly caused by the continuous power generation of the low-voltage membrane electrode can be avoided.
The utility model firstly adds the insulation sheet between the single cells in the pile, breaks the series connection between the single cells in the traditional pile, and realizes the electric independence between the single cells in the pile; secondly, a current collecting unit is additionally arranged on the outer side of the single-cell bipolar plate, and a power taking column is arranged on the current collecting unit, so that the traditional internal series connection mode is changed into an external electric connection mode; the current collecting unit consists of a metal current collecting net and a current collecting sheet, the current collecting sheet is arranged on the outer side of the metal current collecting net, and the current collecting sheet and the metal current collecting net are riveted into a whole through a plurality of rivets; one end of the electricity taking piece extending out of the galvanic pile is connected with an electricity taking column; the technical advantages of the utility model are also embodied in the fuel cell control system, by adopting the fuel cell single cell voltage detection module, the single cell voltage is monitored in real time before the fuel cell is powered on and during power generation, the single cell voltage is found to be in an abnormal range, the single cell voltage is immediately isolated, the other normal single cell work is not interfered, and the reliability of the fuel cell power generation is ensured; meanwhile, the power generation of the single cell under the condition of low voltage is avoided, the rapid attenuation of the membrane electrode is caused, and the integral service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.
About the utility model discloses what the concrete structure need explain, the utility model discloses a each part module connection relation each other is definite, realizable, except that the special explanation in the embodiment, its specific connection relation can bring corresponding technological effect to based on do not rely on under the prerequisite of corresponding software program execution, solve the utility model provides a technical problem, the utility model provides a model, the connection mode of parts, module, specific components and parts that appear all belong to the prior art such as the published patent that technical staff can acquire before the application day, published journal paper, or common general knowledge, need not to describe in detail for the technical scheme that the present case provided is clear, complete, realizable, and can be according to this technical means or obtain corresponding entity product.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell comprising a fuel cell stack (2) formed by stacking a plurality of unit cells (1), characterized in that: one end of the fuel cell stack (2) is provided with an anode pressing plate (3), and the other end of the fuel cell stack (2) is provided with a cathode pressing plate (4);
insulating sheets (5) are arranged among the single cells (1) in the fuel cell stack (2);
the output end of each single pool (1) is provided with a switch (6).
2. A fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the single cell (1) comprises a cathode plate (101) and an anode plate (102), wherein one side surface of the cathode plate (101) is in contact with one side surface of the anode plate (102) through a membrane electrode (103);
the other side surface of the cathode plate (101) is provided with a positive current collecting unit (104) extending to the outer side of the fuel cell stack (2), and the positive current collecting unit (104) is provided with a positive electricity taking column (105);
and a negative current collecting unit (106) extending to the outer side of the fuel cell stack (2) is arranged on the other side surface of the anode plate (102), and a negative electricity taking column (107) is arranged on the negative current collecting unit (106).
3. A fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein: the positive current collecting unit (104) comprises a positive metal current collecting net (1041) and a positive current collecting sheet (1042), wherein the positive current collecting sheet (1042) is arranged on the outer side of the positive metal current collecting net (1041), and the positive current collecting sheet (1042) is fixedly connected with the positive metal current collecting net (1041) through a plurality of rivets;
the negative current collecting unit (106) comprises a negative metal current collecting net (1061) and a negative current collecting piece (1062), wherein the negative current collecting piece (1062) is arranged on the outer side of the negative metal current collecting net (1061), and the negative current collecting piece (1062) is fixedly connected with the negative metal current collecting net (1061) through a plurality of rivets.
4. A fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the output end of the fuel cell stack (2) is connected with the input end of a DC-DC converter (7) through a lead, and the output end of the DC-DC converter (7) is connected with a load (8) through a lead.
5. A fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein: the positive current collecting piece (1042) is specifically an aluminum sheet, and the negative current collecting piece (1062) is specifically a copper sheet.
6. A fuel cell control system includes a hydrogen storage and supply unit (22), an air supply unit (23), a heat dissipation unit (24), and a control unit (25), characterized in that: the hydrogen storage and supply unit (22) comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (26), an air outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle (26) is connected with a first air inlet of the fuel cell stack (2) through a first pipeline (31), a pressure reducing valve (27), a switch valve (28), a hydrogen flowmeter (41) and a hydrogen pressure gauge (42) are arranged on the first pipeline (31), the first air inlet of the fuel cell stack (2) is connected with an output end of a hydrogen circulating pump (30) through the first pipeline (31), an input end of the hydrogen circulating pump (30) is connected with a first air outlet of the fuel cell stack (2) through a pipeline, and a hydrogen tail exhaust valve (29) is arranged on a pipeline of the first air outlet of the fuel cell stack (2);
the air supply unit (23) comprises a filter (32), the filter (32) is connected with a second air inlet of the fuel cell stack (2) through a second pipeline (36), an air flow meter (33), an air compressor (34), an air thermometer (43), an air pressure gauge (44), an air humidifier (45) and an air hygrometer (46) are arranged on the second pipeline (36), and a back pressure valve (35) is arranged on a second air outlet of the fuel cell stack (2);
the heat dissipation unit (24) comprises a water pump (37), one end of the water pump (37) is connected with a water inlet of the fuel cell stack (2) through a third pipeline (40), the other end of the water pump (37) is connected with one end of a radiator (38) through the third pipeline (40), and the other end of the radiator (38) is connected with a water outlet of the fuel cell stack (2) through the third pipeline (40);
the inside microcontroller (2501) that is provided with of control unit (25), microcontroller (2501) links to each other with the control end of relief pressure valve (27), ooff valve (28), hydrogen tail-discharge valve (29), back pressure valve (35) respectively through the wire, microcontroller (2501) still links to each other with the control end of hydrogen circulating pump (30), air compressor (34), water pump (37), air humidifier (45), radiator (38) respectively through the wire, microcontroller (2501) still links to each other with the signal output part of hydrogen flowmeter (41), hydrogen pressure gauge (42), air flowmeter (33), air thermometer (43), air pressure gauge (44), air hygrometer (46) respectively through the wire, microcontroller (2501) still links to each other with the control end of switch (6) through the wire.
7. A fuel cell control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the control unit (25) is also internally provided with a single cell voltage detection module (2502), and the single cell voltage detection module (2502) is connected with the microcontroller (2501) through a lead.
8. A fuel cell control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: and a cooling liquid thermometer (39) is arranged on a third pipeline (40) of the radiator (38) connected with the water outlet of the fuel cell stack (2), and the signal output end of the cooling liquid thermometer (39) is connected with the microcontroller (2501) through a lead.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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