CN115020745B - Fuel cell system, and method and device for filling cooling liquid for fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cell system, and method and device for filling cooling liquid for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115020745B CN115020745B CN202110235634.5A CN202110235634A CN115020745B CN 115020745 B CN115020745 B CN 115020745B CN 202110235634 A CN202110235634 A CN 202110235634A CN 115020745 B CN115020745 B CN 115020745B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell system, and a method and a device for filling cooling liquid for a fuel cell. Under the condition that the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank reaches a certain condition, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is subjected to exhaust operation, in the process, the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening degree change of the valve are controlled, disturbance is added to the circulation of the cooling liquid, the exhaust speed is greatly increased, further, the disturbance-resistant requirements are met under the condition that the rotation speed of each circulating cooling water pump and the anti-disturbance condition of the fuel cell under the opening degree of the valve are all met, the exhaust operation is finished, the cooling liquid filling operation is finished under the condition that the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank also meets the requirements, and the cooling liquid filling efficiency is improved. And the time is also taken into consideration when judging the liquid level condition in the cooling liquid, so that the judged data is stable, and the accuracy of filling the cooling liquid is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell system, and a method and a device for filling cooling liquid for a fuel cell.
Background
Currently, there are two main methods of filling fuel cell coolant, namely, a manual filling method and a vacuum filling method.
The manual filling method is to fill the cooling liquid into the fuel cell cooling system and start the circulating cooling water pump, and continuously fill the cooling liquid after the cooling liquid circulates until the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank is not reduced. This method is currently common. However, this method has the following problems: (1) the cooling liquid cannot be accurately judged to be filled: the method is easy to cause that the cooling liquid is not filled, because the liquid level of the expansion water tank is not reduced in a short time, and the cooling liquid is not fully filled, the cooling liquid filling process is a gas discharging process in a cooling system, the more the discharged gas is, the more the cooling liquid can be filled, and the discharging process depends on continuous circulation of the cooling liquid, the liquid level of the expansion water tank is not reduced in a short time, and the phenomenon that the gas is discharged completely is not represented; (2) the filling time is long: because of complicated pipelines of a fuel cell cooling system, narrow cooling liquid channels of a galvanic pile and the like, the exhaust is difficult in the process of filling the cooling liquid, the filling time is long, and the whole process of filling the cooling liquid takes about 1 hour according to actual filling experience; (3) the labor is consumed: the filling process relies entirely on manual observation and manipulation, which is labor intensive.
The vacuum filling method is to vacuumize the cooling system and then fill the cooling liquid, so that quick filling can be realized. The method has the following problems: the method is easy to damage the internal structure of the electric pile, and if the pressure difference between the cooling liquid cavity and the air and hydrogen cavities is too large, the self structure of the bipolar plate can be damaged. In addition, the tolerance of different stacks to vacuum degree is also different, and a unified filling method is not applicable to all fuel cell stacks, so that the method is rarely applied.
The Chinese patent application publication No. CN110492138A discloses a control method for emptying and supplementing liquid for a fuel cell cooling system, which comprises the steps of judging whether filling is finished according to the liquid level in an expansion water tank in the process of filling cooling liquid: if the liquid level is lower than the L value (minimum value), continuing to fill the cooling liquid; if the liquid level is between L and M (maximum), the cooling system circulating water pump is started to discharge air until the liquid level in the expansion tank is no longer lowered within a predetermined time. The method is easy to cause that the cooling liquid is not filled, because the liquid level of the expansion water tank is not reduced in a short time and can not represent that the gas is discharged completely, the cooling liquid is not filled accurately, and the cooling liquid filling accuracy is low; moreover, because the fuel cell cooling system pipeline is complicated, the pile cooling liquid channel is narrow etc. causes the difficult exhaust in the coolant filling process, if the circulation water pump operating time is prolonged, because the coolant flow lacks disturbance, the exhaust effect is poor in the pipeline, can lead to the filling time extension, leads to filling inefficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell system, a method and a device for filling cooling liquid for a fuel cell, which are used for solving the problems of low filling accuracy and low filling efficiency of the cooling liquid in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme and the corresponding beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
the invention provides a method for filling cooling liquid for a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
1) Judging the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank:
when the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank exceeds the set liquid level and lasts for a first set time, the cooling liquid filling pipeline is controlled to be disconnected, and the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline is controlled to be conducted so as to perform exhaust operation on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline;
otherwise, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is controlled to be disconnected, the cooling liquid filling pipeline is controlled to be conducted, and cooling liquid is filled into the water tank until the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank exceeds a set liquid level and the first set time is continued;
2) In the process of exhausting operation of the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, controlling and changing the rotating speed of a circulating cooling water pump and the opening of a valve arranged on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, and judging whether the disturbance resistance conditions of the fuel cell under the rotating speed of each circulating cooling water pump and the opening of the valve meet disturbance resistance requirements or not:
if the disturbance rejection requirements are met, the exhaust operation is completed, at the moment, the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank is judged, when the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank does not exceed the set liquid level or exceeds the set liquid level but does not last for a first set time, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is controlled to be disconnected, the cooling liquid filling pipeline is controlled to be connected, the cooling liquid is filled into the water tank until the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank exceeds the set liquid level and continues for the first set time, and the cooling liquid filling operation is completed;
otherwise, the exhaust operation is not completed, and the steps 1) to 2) are repeatedly executed until the disturbance resistance of the fuel cell under the rotation speed of each circulating cooling water pump and the opening degree of the valve meets the disturbance resistance requirement.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the invention, under the condition that the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank reaches a certain condition, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is subjected to exhaust operation, in the process, the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening change of the valve are controlled, disturbance is added to the cooling liquid circulation, the exhaust speed is greatly increased, further, the disturbance-resistant requirements are met under the condition that the rotation speed of each circulating cooling water pump and the anti-disturbance condition of the fuel cell under the opening of the valve meet the disturbance-resistant requirements, the exhaust operation is finished, and the cooling liquid filling operation is finished under the condition that the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank also meets the requirements, so that the cooling liquid filling efficiency is improved. And the time is also taken into consideration when judging the liquid level condition in the cooling liquid, so that the judged data is stable, and the accuracy of filling the cooling liquid is improved. In addition, the invention directly utilizes the information of the existing fuel cell system, can rapidly and accurately complete the filling of the cooling liquid without adding any equipment, and has lower cost.
Further, in order to accurately judge whether the exhaust operation is completed, the fuel cell disturbance rejection condition includes at least one of the following: the difference condition between the actual rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target rotation speed under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening degree, the difference condition between the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target power under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening degree, and the difference condition between the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the corresponding target pressure under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening degree;
the corresponding meeting of the anti-disturbance requirements is as follows: the difference between the actual rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target rotation speed under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is smaller than or equal to a set difference value and lasts for a second set time, the difference between the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target power under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is smaller than or equal to a set difference value and lasts for a second set time, and the difference between the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the corresponding target pressure under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is smaller than or equal to a set difference value and lasts for a second set time.
Further, the difference between the actual rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is that: the ratio of the difference value obtained by subtracting the actual rotation speed from the target rotation speed to the target rotation speed;
the difference between the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump and the target power under the corresponding rotating speed and valve opening of the circulating cooling water pump is as follows: the ratio of the difference value obtained by subtracting the actual power from the target power to the target power;
the difference between the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the corresponding target pressure under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening degree of the valve is as follows: the difference obtained by subtracting the actual pressure from the target pressure is then the ratio of the target pressure.
The invention also provides a cooling liquid filling device for the fuel cell, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used for executing instructions stored in the memory to realize the cooling liquid filling method for the fuel cell, and achieves the same technical effects as the method.
The invention also provides a fuel cell system, which comprises a fuel cell stack, a circulating cooling water pump, a valve, a water tank, a cooling liquid filling water pump, a fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, a cooling liquid filling pipeline, a liquid level sensor and a cooling liquid filling device for the fuel cell;
the circulating cooling water pump and the valve are arranged on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline;
the water tank and the cooling liquid filling water pump are arranged on the cooling liquid filling pipeline;
the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank;
the coolant filling device for a fuel cell includes a memory and a processor for executing instructions stored in the memory to realize the above-described coolant filling method for a fuel cell and achieve the same technical effects as the method.
Further, the valve is a three-way valve, and the fuel cell system further comprises a radiator and a through-flow bypass; the radiator is arranged on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline; the through-flow bypass is connected with the radiator in parallel and is connected with a fuel cell cooling circulation pipeline through the three-way valve for realizing through-flow when the fuel cell is started.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system of the present invention;
the system comprises a 1-fuel cell stack, a 2-circulating cooling water pump, a 3-electric control three-way valve, a 4-radiator, a 5-fuel cell controller, a 6-stack pressure sensor, a 7-expansion water tank, an 8-liquid level sensor and a 9-cooling liquid filling water pump, wherein the three-way valve is arranged on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of filling a fuel cell coolant of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view of a coolant filling device for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
If the fuel cell circulation cooling pipeline does not complete the exhaust, the ash in the cooling liquid contains bubbles, when the bubbles flow through the circulation cooling water pump, the impact can be caused on the circulation cooling water pump, the rotation speed and the power of the circulation cooling water pump can be fluctuated, and when the bubbles flow through the fuel cell stack, the pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack can be fluctuated. Based on the above, the invention performs the exhaust operation on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline under the condition that the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank is sufficient, in the process, the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening change of the electric control three-way valve are controlled, disturbance is added to the cooling liquid circulation so as to facilitate rapid exhaust, whether the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline still has gas or not is judged according to the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump, the power of the circulating cooling water pump and the fluctuation condition of the pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the liquid level in the expansion water tank is free of gas, which represents that the filling of the cooling liquid is finished.
Fuel cell system embodiment:
an embodiment of a fuel cell system of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a circulating cooling water pump 2, an electric control three-way valve 3, a radiator 4, a fuel cell controller 5, a stack-in pressure sensor 6, an expansion water tank 7, a liquid level sensor 8, a cooling liquid filling water pump 9, a fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, a circulating bypass, a cooling liquid filling pipeline, a cooling liquid supplementing pipeline and a cooling liquid exhaust pipeline.
The fuel cell cooling circulation pipeline is provided with a fuel cell stack 1, a circulating cooling water pump 2 and a radiator 4 for radiating heat of the fuel cell stack. In order to realize the quick start of the fuel cell, two ends of the radiator 4 are connected in parallel with a circulation bypass, and the circulation bypass is connected with a fuel cell cooling circulation pipeline through the electric control three-way valve 3 to realize bypass flow division. The in-stack pressure sensor 6 is provided at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 for detecting the pressure at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack.
The pipeline between the expansion water tank 7 and the cooling liquid filling water pump 9 is a cold area liquid filling pipeline and is used for realizing the cooling liquid filling operation of the expansion water tank through the cooling liquid filling water pump 9 when the liquid level in the expansion water tank is low. Further, the expansion tank 7 is connected to a fuel cell circulation cooling line through a coolant filling line. A liquid level sensor 8 is provided in the expansion tank 7 for detecting the level of the cooling liquid in the expansion tank 7.
The radiator 4 and the expansion tank 7 are provided with a coolant exhaust line.
The fuel cell controller 5 is respectively connected with a stack pressure sensor 6 and a liquid level sensor 8 through a plurality of control lines so as to obtain the stack pressure and the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank; the circulating cooling water pump 2, the electric control three-way valve 3 and the cooling liquid filling water pump 9 are respectively connected through a plurality of control lines so as to control the actions of the components.
The fuel cell controller 5 processes and analyzes the data collected by the sensor, and controls the circulating cooling water pump 2, the electric control three-way valve 3 and the cooling liquid filling water pump 9 to act according to the processing and analyzing results, so that the cooling liquid filling method for the fuel cell can be realized. The method is described in detail below in conjunction with fig. 2.
Step one, the liquid level sensor 8 collects the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion tank 4 and sends the liquid level to the fuel cell controller 5, the fuel cell controller 5 judges the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion tank 4, and judges that the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion tank exceeds a set liquid level and lasts for a first set time t1:
if the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank exceeds the set liquid level and lasts for a first set time t1 (for example, 60s is preferable), executing the second step, and starting to exhaust the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline;
otherwise, the fuel cell controller 5 controls to close the circulating cooling water pump 2 and the electric control three-way valve 3, controls to open the cooling liquid filling water pump 9, enables the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell to be disconnected, enables the cooling liquid filling pipeline to be conducted, and fills the cooling liquid into the expansion water tank through the cooling liquid filling water pump 9, so that the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank exceeds the set liquid level and lasts for a first set time t1, and then the second step is executed after the condition is met.
And step two, the fuel cell controller 5 controls to close the cooling liquid filling water pump 9, controls to open the circulating cooling water pump 2 and the electric control three-way valve 3, so that the cooling liquid filling pipeline is disconnected, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is conducted, the cooling liquid starts to flow and exhaust in the system, the exhausting operation is carried out on the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell, and the step three is executed.
Step three, in the process of exhausting operation of the fuel cell circulation cooling pipeline, the fuel cell controller 5 controls and changes the rotation speed of the circulation cooling water pump and the opening of the electric control three-way valve arranged on the fuel cell circulation cooling pipeline, determines the actual rotation speed of the circulation cooling water pump, the actual power of the circulation cooling water pump and the fluctuation condition of the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack under the rotation speed of each circulation cooling water pump and the opening of the electric control three-way valve, and judges whether the exhausting operation is finished according to the fluctuation condition: if the exhaust operation is completed, executing the fourth step; if the exhaust operation is not completed, repeating the first to second steps to complete the exhaust operation.
In this embodiment, the case of changing the rotation speed of the circulation cooling water pump provided on the fuel cell circulation cooling line and the opening degree of the electronic control three-way valve includes the following cases: the circulating cooling water pump 2 sequentially works at the rotation speeds r1, r2 and r3, r1 < r2 < r3, for example, r1=rated rotation speed is 40%, r2=rated rotation speed is 50%, r3=rated rotation speed is 60%, each rotation speed duration is a third set time t2 (for example, 10 min), when the circulating cooling water pump 2 works at each rotation speed, the electric control three-way valve 3 is sequentially opened to the opening degrees a% and b%, a < b, for example, a% =40% and b% =80%, each opening degree duration is 0.5×t2, that is, the whole process includes six conditions, and each condition duration is 0.5×t2. The six conditions have no strict sequence requirements, and only the rotating speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening of the electric control three-way valve are required to be changed for a plurality of times. For example, the rotational speeds of the circulating cooling water pumps r1, r2, r3 may be respectively executed (the sequencing is adjustable) first when the opening degree of the electronic control three-way valve is a%, and then the rotational speeds of the circulating cooling water pumps r1, r2, r3 may be respectively executed when the opening degree of the electronic control three-way valve is b%. Of course, the order of a% and b% is also adjustable.
Acquiring actual rotation speeds of the circulating cooling water pumps under the six conditions, and correspondingly comparing the actual rotation speeds with target rotation speeds of the circulating cooling water pumps corresponding to the six conditions, and judging whether (target rotation speed-actual rotation speed)/target rotation speed multiplied by 100% under the six conditions are all smaller than or equal to a set difference value A% or not and lasting for a second set time t3 (for example, 120 s); acquiring the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump under the six conditions, and correspondingly comparing the target power of the circulating cooling water pump corresponding to the six conditions, and judging whether the (target power-actual power)/target power multiplied by 100% under the six conditions is less than or equal to a set difference value A% or not and lasting a second set time t3; the actual pressure at the fuel cell stack coolant inlet is obtained in these six cases, and the target pressures at the fuel cell stack coolant inlet corresponding to these six cases are compared accordingly, and it is judged whether or not (target pressure-actual pressure)/target pressure×100% in these six cases are all equal to or smaller than the set difference value a% and the second set time t3 is continued. If the calculated differences in these cases (18 cases in total) are equal to or less than the set difference value a% for the second set time t3, it is indicated that the bubbles doped in the coolant are less and the exhaust operation is completed.
It should be noted that the target values (including the target pressure, the target rotational speed, and the target power) in each case have been previously calibrated, and the target values in each case are different. For example, the target pressure is V when the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump 2 is r1 and the opening of the electronically controlled three-way valve 3 is a% m1 The target rotation speed is r m0 And a target power of P m0 The target pressure is V when the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump 2 is r2 and the opening of the electric control three-way valve 3 is b% m2 The target rotation speed is r m2 And a target power of P m2 。
And step four, judging the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank again under the condition that the air exhaust operation is completed, when the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank does not exceed the set liquid level or exceeds the set liquid level but does not last for the first set time t1, controlling to close the circulating cooling water pump 2 and the electronic control three-way valve 3 by the fuel cell controller 5, controlling to open the cooling liquid filling water pump 9 so as to disconnect a fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline and conduct the cooling liquid filling pipeline, filling the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank until the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank exceeds the set liquid level and lasts for the first set time t1, and when the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank exceeds the set liquid level and lasts for the first set time t1, indicating that the liquid level of the expansion water tank has no problem at the moment, representing that the whole fuel cell system completes the cooling liquid filling operation, and controlling to close the circulating cooling water pump 2, the electronic control three-way valve 3 and the cooling liquid filling water pump 9 by the fuel cell controller 5. Thus, the filling of the cooling liquid can be completed.
It is noted that if the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening of the electric control three-way valve are unchanged, bubbles in the turning position or corners of the pipeline are not easy to discharge; the change of the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump can cause the change of the water pressure and the change of the flow of the cooling liquid in each part of the pipeline; the opening of the electric control three-way valve is changed, the proportion of the cooling liquid in the large circulation and the small circulation can be adjusted, and bubbles in the large circulation pipeline and the small circulation pipeline are respectively eliminated. The rotation speed and the rotation speed fluctuation of the circulating cooling water pump cannot be too small, otherwise, the pressure and the flow rate of the cooling liquid caused by the fluctuation are not obvious, and the exhaust is not easy, so that the circulating cooling water pump in the embodiment is adjusted between 40%, 50% and 60% of the rated rotation speed. For the opening degree of the electric control three-way valve, if the opening degree is 0%, the cooling liquid completely flows through the small circulation, 100% is the cooling liquid completely flows through the large circulation, and the embodiment is continuously adjusted between 0% and 100%, for example, 40% and 80% to ensure that the cooling liquid in the large circulation and the cooling liquid in the small circulation are fully exhausted, wherein 40% is the cooling liquid in the small circulation is more, 80% is the cooling liquid in the large circulation is more, and the specific value can be changed according to the condition of the valve. In the present embodiment, the first set time t1, the second set time t3, and the third set time t2 are not required to be set according to actual experience.
The invention increases disturbance in the process of exhausting the cooling liquid so as to greatly accelerate the exhausting speed and improve the filling efficiency of the cooling liquid, and can effectively judge whether the exhausting is finished or not by directly utilizing various electrical information in the fuel cell system under the condition of not adding any equipment and sensors so as to finally determine whether the filling of the cooling liquid is finished or not, thereby saving manpower and improving the accuracy and the efficiency of the filling.
In the present embodiment, various functions performed by the processor in the coolant filling apparatus for a fuel cell are performed by the fuel cell controller. As other embodiments, an upper computer, a whole vehicle controller, etc. may be also used.
In step three of the present embodiment, when calculating the difference between the target value and the actual value, "difference" is expressed as (target value-actual value)/target value×100%. As other embodiments, the difference between the target value and the actual value may also be directly expressed.
Method for filling a fuel cell with a coolant example:
in the embodiment of the method for filling the cooling liquid for the fuel cell of the present invention, the flow of the method for filling the cooling liquid for the fuel cell is shown in fig. 2, and is not described herein.
Coolant filling device for fuel cell example:
an embodiment of a coolant filling device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, includes a memory, a processor, and an internal bus, where the processor and the memory perform communication and data exchange with each other through the internal bus. The memory includes at least one software functional module stored in the memory, and the processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory to implement a method of filling coolant for a fuel cell as described in the embodiments of the fuel cell system of the present invention.
The processor may be a microprocessor MCU, a programmable logic device FPGA, or other processing device.
The memory may be various memories for storing information by using electric energy, such as RAM, ROM, etc.; the magnetic storage device can also be various memories for storing information by utilizing a magnetic energy mode, such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, a magnetic tape, a magnetic core memory, a bubble memory, a U disk and the like; various memories for optically storing information, such as CDs, DVDs, etc.; of course, other types of memory are also possible, such as quantum memory, graphene memory, etc.
Claims (5)
1. A method of filling a fuel cell coolant, comprising the steps of:
1) Judging the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank:
when the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank exceeds the set liquid level and lasts for a first set time, the cooling liquid filling pipeline is controlled to be disconnected, and the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline is controlled to be conducted so as to perform exhaust operation on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline;
otherwise, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is controlled to be disconnected, the cooling liquid filling pipeline is controlled to be conducted, and cooling liquid is filled into the water tank until the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank exceeds a set liquid level and the first set time is continued;
2) In the process of exhausting operation of the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, controlling and changing the rotating speed of a circulating cooling water pump and the opening of a valve arranged on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, and judging whether the disturbance resistance conditions of the fuel cell under the rotating speed of each circulating cooling water pump and the opening of the valve meet disturbance resistance requirements or not:
if the disturbance rejection requirements are met, the exhaust operation is completed, at the moment, the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank is judged, when the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank does not exceed the set liquid level or exceeds the set liquid level but does not last for a first set time, the circulating cooling pipeline of the fuel cell is controlled to be disconnected, the cooling liquid filling pipeline is controlled to be connected, the cooling liquid is filled into the water tank until the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank exceeds the set liquid level and continues for the first set time, and the cooling liquid filling operation is completed;
otherwise, the exhaust operation is not completed, and the steps 1) to 2) are repeatedly executed until the disturbance resistance conditions of the fuel cell under the rotation speed of each circulating cooling water pump and the opening degree of the valve meet the disturbance resistance requirement;
the fuel cell immunity condition includes at least one of: the difference condition between the actual rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target rotation speed under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening degree, the difference condition between the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target power under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening degree, and the difference condition between the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the corresponding target pressure under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening degree;
the corresponding meeting of the anti-disturbance requirements is as follows: the difference between the actual rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target rotation speed under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is smaller than or equal to a set difference value and lasts for a second set time, the difference between the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump and the corresponding target power under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is smaller than or equal to a set difference value and lasts for a second set time, and the difference between the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the corresponding target pressure under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the valve opening is smaller than or equal to a set difference value and lasts for a second set time.
2. The coolant filling method for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a difference between an actual rotation speed of the circulation cooling water pump and a target rotation speed at a corresponding circulation cooling water pump rotation speed and valve opening is: the ratio of the difference value obtained by subtracting the actual rotation speed from the target rotation speed to the target rotation speed;
the difference between the actual power of the circulating cooling water pump and the target power under the corresponding rotating speed and valve opening of the circulating cooling water pump is as follows: the ratio of the difference value obtained by subtracting the actual power from the target power to the target power;
the difference between the actual pressure at the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack and the corresponding target pressure under the rotation speed of the circulating cooling water pump and the opening degree of the valve is as follows: the difference obtained by subtracting the actual pressure from the target pressure is then the ratio of the target pressure.
3. A coolant filling device for a fuel cell, characterized by comprising a memory and a processor for executing instructions stored in the memory to realize the coolant filling method for a fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2.
4. The fuel cell system is characterized by comprising a fuel cell stack, a circulating cooling water pump, a valve, a water tank, a cooling liquid filling water pump, a fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline, a cooling liquid filling pipeline, a liquid level sensor and a cooling liquid filling device for the fuel cell;
the circulating cooling water pump and the valve are arranged on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline;
the water tank and the cooling liquid filling water pump are arranged on the cooling liquid filling pipeline;
the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level of the cooling liquid in the water tank;
the coolant filling device for a fuel cell includes a memory and a processor for executing instructions stored in the memory to implement the coolant filling method for a fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2.
5. The fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein the valve is a three-way valve, the fuel cell system further comprising a radiator and a through-flow bypass; the radiator is arranged on the fuel cell circulating cooling pipeline; the through-flow bypass is connected with the radiator in parallel and is connected with a fuel cell cooling circulation pipeline through the three-way valve for realizing through-flow when the fuel cell is started.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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