CN114927728A - Shutdown and discharge control method and device for fuel cell system and vehicle - Google Patents
Shutdown and discharge control method and device for fuel cell system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114927728A CN114927728A CN202210387250.XA CN202210387250A CN114927728A CN 114927728 A CN114927728 A CN 114927728A CN 202210387250 A CN202210387250 A CN 202210387250A CN 114927728 A CN114927728 A CN 114927728A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shutdown and discharge control method and device for a fuel cell system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The method comprises the following steps: after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a leakage current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage of the electric pile; and if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than the first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running. According to the invention, after the fuel cell system is stopped and purged, the air system and the galvanic pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a shutdown and discharge control method and device of a fuel cell system and a vehicle.
Background
The principle of the fuel cell is to convert part of gibbs free energy in fuel chemical energy into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and the fuel cell has high thermal efficiency because the fuel cell is not limited by carnot cycle effect. Currently, proton exchange membrane fuel cells are most widely used in the automotive field.
The supply system of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system comprises an air system and a hydrogen system, when the fuel cell system needs to be shut down, gas purging is firstly carried out, and water remained in the cavity and the pipeline of the pile is taken away by using air and hydrogen, so that the next starting is facilitated; then, the gas is discharged, and the main purpose is to consume the residual oxygen in the air cavity of the galvanic pile by using the hydrogen, so that the inside of the galvanic pile is filled with the nitrogen, and the phenomenon that the oxygen permeates into the hydrogen cavity of the galvanic pile to form a hydrogen-air interface to attenuate a catalyst of the galvanic pile is avoided. In the discharging process, a discharging current is generally loaded to the galvanic pile through the DCDC, the PTC or discharging resistance is utilized to eliminate the power consumption, the galvanic pile voltage is observed at the same time, and the discharging is judged to be finished after the galvanic pile voltage is reduced to a certain value. In the prior art, when a fuel cell system is stopped and discharged, the problem of incomplete discharge exists because the discharge control strategy is unreasonable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell system shutdown discharge control method, a fuel cell system shutdown discharge control device and a vehicle, and solves the technical problem that a fuel cell system is not complete in shutdown discharge in the prior art.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a shutdown discharge control method for a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system comprises an air system, a hydrogen system, a DCDC module and a galvanic pile, the air system and the hydrogen system are respectively connected with the galvanic pile, the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the galvanic pile, and the method comprises the following steps:
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a discharge current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage of the electric pile;
and if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running. Preferably, the air system comprises a three-way valve, an air compressor and a backpressure valve, wherein a first inlet of the three-way valve is connected with external air, an outlet of the three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of the galvanic pile through the air compressor, and an air outlet of the galvanic pile is respectively connected with a second inlet of the three-way valve and the backpressure valve;
the control air system and the galvanic pile form a closed air loop, comprising:
and controlling the three-way valve and the back pressure valve to be fully closed.
Preferably, the control air system forms a closed air loop with the stack, and further includes:
and controlling the operation of the air compressor.
Preferably, the control of the operation of the air compressor comprises:
and controlling the air compressor to operate at the lowest rotating speed.
Preferably, the hydrogen system comprises a proportional valve, a hydrogen return pump, a gas-liquid separator and a drain valve, wherein an inlet of the proportional valve is connected with external hydrogen, a first hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is respectively connected with an outlet of the proportional valve and a first port of the hydrogen return pump, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is connected with a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second port of the hydrogen return pump, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve;
the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile, and comprises:
the opening degree of the proportional valve is adjusted to enable the hydrogen stack pressure to be at a first preset pressure.
Preferably, the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the stack, and further includes:
the drain valve is closed.
Preferably, the hydrogen control system supplies hydrogen to the stack, and further includes:
and controlling the hydrogen return pump to operate in the forward direction.
Preferably, the fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control method is applied to the normal shutdown condition of the fuel cell system. Preferably, before controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop operating if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage, the method further includes:
detecting the single-chip lowest voltage of the electric pile;
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, the hydrogen system is controlled to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, the DCDC module is controlled to apply a discharge current with a first preset current to the electric pile, and after the monolithic average voltage of the electric pile is detected and if the monolithic average voltage is lower than the first preset voltage, the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop running, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a second preset voltage or the single-chip minimum voltage is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the leakage current applied to the galvanic pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping a preset time length, and controlling the hydrogen return pump to operate in a forward direction or a reverse direction, wherein the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage are sequentially reduced;
and after the preset time, controlling the DCDC module to apply a discharge current with a second preset current to the galvanic pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current.
Preferably, the fuel cell system stop and release control method is applied to the emergency stop working condition of the fuel cell system. On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell system shutdown bleed control apparatus comprising:
the DCDC module is used for applying bleeder current to the galvanic pile;
the current sensor is used for detecting the bleeder current applied to the galvanic pile by the DCDC module;
a voltage sensor for detecting a monolithic average voltage of the stack;
and the controller is used for controlling the air system and the galvanic pile to form a closed air loop after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a discharge current with a first preset current to the galvanic pile, and controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage.
Preferably, the fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control device further comprises a hydrogen stack pressure sensor for detecting the hydrogen stack pressure.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the following technical scheme:
a vehicle comprises any one fuel cell system shutdown and discharge control device.
One or more technical schemes provided by the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
after the fuel cell system is stopped and purged, the air system and the galvanic pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile, and the hydrogen can fully consume oxygen in the air loop because the air loop is closed, so that the fuel cell system is stopped and discharged more thoroughly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shutdown bleed-off control device of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for controlling shutdown and discharge of a fuel cell system and a vehicle, and solves the technical problem that the shutdown and discharge of the fuel cell system are not complete in the prior art.
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
First, it is stated that the term "and/or" appearing herein is merely one type of associative relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three types of relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
As shown in fig. 1, the shutdown bleed-off control method of the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes:
step S1, after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the galvanic pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, the hydrogen system is controlled to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile, the DCDC module is controlled to apply a discharge current with a first preset current to the galvanic pile, and the single-chip average voltage of the galvanic pile is detected;
and step S2, if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running.
As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes a stack, a controller, a DCDC module, an air system, and a hydrogen system.
The air system includes three-way valve, air compressor machine, back pressure valve, and the three-way valve is two and advances one play, and the outside air is inserted to the first import of three-way valve, and the air inlet of pile is connected through the air compressor machine to the export of three-way valve, and the air outlet of pile connects the second import and the back pressure valve of three-way valve respectively. When the three-way valve is fully opened, a first inlet of the three-way valve is communicated with an outlet of the three-way valve, and the airflow direction of the air system is as follows: the system comprises external air, a first inlet of a three-way valve, an outlet of the three-way valve, an air compressor, an air inlet of a galvanic pile, an air outlet of the galvanic pile and a backpressure valve; when the three-way valve is fully closed, the second inlet of the three-way valve is communicated with the outlet of the three-way valve, and the airflow direction of the air system is as follows: the outlet of the three-way valve, the air compressor, the air inlet of the electric pile, the air outlet of the electric pile and the second inlet of the three-way valve, and meanwhile, part of air of the air outlet of the electric pile is exhausted to enter the backpressure valve. When the fuel cell system is started successfully and operates normally, the air system provides air with certain flow and pressure, the controller adjusts the rotating speed of the air compressor to achieve target air flow, the controller adjusts the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the back pressure valve to achieve target air pressure, and the three-way valve is fully opened in the system operation process.
The hydrogen system comprises a proportional valve, a gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen return pump and a drain valve, wherein an inlet of the proportional valve is connected with external hydrogen, a first hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is respectively connected with an outlet of the proportional valve and a first port of the hydrogen return pump, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is connected with a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second port of the hydrogen return pump, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve. In general, the hydrogen return pump is operated in the forward direction, and the hydrogen gas flow direction is as follows: the hydrogen recovery system comprises a proportional valve outlet, a first hydrogen interface of a galvanic pile, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile, a first gas interface of a gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second port of a hydrogen return pump, a first port of the hydrogen return pump and a proportional valve outlet; of course, the hydrogen return pump can also run in the reverse direction, and the flow direction of the hydrogen is as follows: the hydrogen recovery system comprises a proportional valve outlet, a first port of a hydrogen recovery pump, a second port of the hydrogen recovery pump, a second gas interface of a gas-liquid separator, a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second hydrogen interface of a galvanic pile, a first hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile and a proportional valve outlet; when the drain valve is opened, liquid water and hydrogen at the outlet of the gas-liquid separator are discharged by the drain valve. The hydrogen system provides hydrogen with certain flow and pressure, and the proportional valve is used for adjusting the pressure and flow of the hydrogen; the hydrogen return pump is used for adjusting the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen discharged from the reactor and recycled to the reactor, and providing the hydrogen utilization rate; the gas-liquid separator is used for separating liquid water in the stack hydrogen so as to adjust the stack entering humidity; the drain valve periodically discharges the liquid water and the impurity gas accumulated in the gas-liquid separator to maintain the concentration of the hydrogen entering the pile.
Of course, the air system generally further comprises an air inlet stack temperature and pressure sensor and an air outlet stack temperature and pressure sensor, the air inlet stack temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the air compressor and the air inlet of the electric stack, the air outlet stack temperature and pressure sensor is arranged at the air outlet of the electric stack, and the air inlet stack temperature and pressure sensor and the air outlet stack temperature and pressure sensor are used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of air entering and exiting the stack. The hydrogen system generally further comprises a hydrogen inlet pressure sensor and a hydrogen outlet pressure sensor, the hydrogen inlet pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the proportional valve and the first hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile, the hydrogen outlet pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile and the gas-liquid separator, and the hydrogen inlet pressure sensor and the hydrogen outlet pressure sensor are respectively used for detecting pressure values of hydrogen inlet pile and hydrogen outlet pile so as to realize closed-loop regulation by the controller.
In step S1, after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the oxygen remaining in the air cavity of the stack needs to be purged. The air system and the galvanic pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, and after the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile, the hydrogen can fully consume oxygen in the air loop because the air loop is closed, so that the shutdown and the discharge of the fuel cell system are more thorough.
In step S2, if the average voltage of the single cell of the stack is lower than the first preset voltage, it is determined that the bleed is completed, and the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop operating, i.e., the bleed is stopped. The value range of the first preset voltage is 0.2-0.25V. In step S1, the air system and the stack form a closed air circuit by controlling the three-way valve and the backpressure valve to be fully closed.
In this embodiment, after the air system and the stack form a closed air loop, although the bleeding can be more thorough, the bleeding speed is slow, resulting in a long bleeding time. For this reason, in step S1, the control air system and the stack form a closed air circuit, and the method further includes: and controlling the operation of the air compressor. The air compressor machine operation can make the air in the air circuit keep certain flow and pressure, consumes in transporting the oxygen in the air circuit fast to the galvanic pile, can accelerate oxygen consumption speed like this, shortens the bleeding time. Wherein, because the operation of air compressor machine is for consuming oxygen fast, only need keep minimum rotational speed can, the rotational speed is too big can increase system's consumption, consequently preferred control air compressor machine is with the operation of minimum rotational speed, can reduce the consumption of air compressor machine in the process of releasing.
In step S1, the controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the stack includes: and adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve to enable the hydrogen stack feeding pressure to be at a first preset pressure. The pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is maintained to enable the hydrogen to rapidly react with the oxygen, the pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor needs to be higher than the atmospheric pressure so as to enable the hydrogen to rapidly flow, and the value range of the first preset pressure is 120-130 kPa. Controlling a hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the stack, further comprising: the drain valve is closed. Therefore, the galvanic pile and the hydrogen system form a nearly closed hydrogen loop, which is beneficial to maintaining the hydrogen pressure and further accelerating the oxygen consumption speed. Controlling a hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the stack, further comprising: and controlling the hydrogen return pump to operate in the forward direction. Thus, the flow rate of hydrogen can be increased, and the consumption speed of oxygen can be further increased. The hydrogen return pump can operate in a forward direction and a reverse direction, the galvanic pile can be damaged by long-time reverse operation, and the galvanic pile can be prevented from being damaged by forward operation of the hydrogen return pump during discharge.
The method of steps S1-S2 may be used for bleeding not only in normal shutdown conditions of the fuel cell system, but also in emergency shutdown conditions of the fuel cell system.
When the steps S1-S2 are applied to the normal shutdown working condition of the fuel cell system, the value range of the first preset current can be 5-10A; when the fuel cell system is in emergency shutdown, the requirement on the discharge time is high, and the discharge needs to be completed within 10S to ensure the safety of the system, so that the discharge current in the emergency shutdown is larger than that in the normal shutdown, and when the steps S1-S2 are applied to the emergency shutdown working condition of the fuel cell system, the value range of the first preset current is larger and can be 20-30A.
When the steps S1-S2 are applied to the normal shutdown condition of the fuel cell system, if the air compressor runs at the lowest rotation speed, the pressure of hydrogen entering the stack is kept at 120kPa, the DCDC module applies a bleed current of 5A to the stack, and the bleed is stopped when the average voltage of a single sheet of the stack is lower than 0.2, the bleed time is generally 15S to 30S.
In the embodiment, the higher the bleeder current is, the shorter the bleeder time is, but insufficient hydrogen supply of the galvanic pile easily occurs when the bleeder current is larger, so that the hydrogen is locally insufficient, the voltage of a monolithic cell of the galvanic pile has a negative value, the membrane electrode of the galvanic pile is easily damaged, and the service life of the galvanic pile is shortened. In order to avoid negative values of the stack monolithic voltage caused by large bleed current, the embodiment preferably further includes, before step S2: detecting the single-chip lowest voltage of the electric pile;
after step S1 and before step S2, the method further includes:
if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a second preset voltage or the lowest voltage of the single chip is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the leakage current applied to the galvanic pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping a preset time length, controlling the hydrogen return pump to operate in a forward direction or a reverse direction, and sequentially reducing the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage;
after the preset time, the DCDC module is controlled to apply a bleeder current with a second preset current to the galvanic pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current.
At this time, in step S2, the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop operating mainly by controlling the air compressor and the hydrogen return pump to stop operating and closing the proportional valve.
If the bleed current applied in step S1 is large, after step S1, as the oxygen in the stack and the closed pipeline is consumed rapidly, the average voltage and the minimum voltage of the single chip will drop rapidly, at this time, local short of gas is likely to occur, which causes a certain voltage of the stack to drop too fast or even negative voltage, so when the average voltage of the single chip reaches the second preset voltage or the minimum voltage of the single chip reaches the third preset voltage, the bleed is about to be completed, the bleed current applied by the DCDC module needs to be suspended, the bleed current is set to zero, the opening of the proportional valve is adjusted to adjust the hydrogen stack pressure, after the hydrogen stack pressure reaches and maintains a certain pressure, a small bleed current is applied to the stack, which is equivalent to applying a large bleed current first when the bleed is to be completed, setting the bleed current to zero for a period of time when the bleed is about to be completed, and finally applying a small bleed current, the method can not only quickly finish the discharge, but also avoid negative value of the voltage of the single cell of the galvanic pile, and can avoid damaging the membrane electrode of the galvanic pile during the discharge.
Wherein, the second preset voltage may be 0.3V; the monolithic minimum voltage may be 0.1V; when the method is applied to the emergency stop of the fuel cell system, the value range of the second preset current may be 10 to 20A.
The method can be applied to normal shutdown of the fuel cell system and emergency shutdown of the fuel cell system, but since the bleeder current during normal shutdown of the fuel cell system is generally 5-10A, negative values of the stack single-chip voltage are basically not caused, the bleeder current during normal shutdown is generally completed through steps S1-S2, and the bleeder current during emergency shutdown of the fuel cell system is generally 20-30A, negative values of the stack single-chip voltage are easily caused, and the method is more applied to the emergency shutdown working conditions of the fuel cell system.
Wherein, both can control the operation of hydrogen pump forward, also can control the operation of hydrogen pump backward, control the operation of hydrogen pump forward, must not harm the pile, nevertheless because release when monolithic average voltage reaches second preset voltage or monolithic minimum voltage reaches third preset voltage is about to accomplish, even if control the operation of hydrogen pump backward, the time of backward operation is also shorter, can not harm the pile, and the hydrogen pump forward operation earlier, the operation of backward again, can make hydrogen consumption oxygen more abundant, it is more even to keep hydrogen concentration.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment also provides a shutdown bleed-off control device for a fuel cell system, including:
the hydrogen stack feeding pressure sensor is used for detecting the hydrogen stack feeding pressure;
the DCDC module is used for applying bleeder current to the galvanic pile;
the current sensor is used for detecting the bleeder current applied to the galvanic pile by the DCDC module;
a voltage sensor for detecting a monolithic average voltage of the stack;
and the controller is used for controlling the air system and the galvanic pile to form a closed air loop after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a discharge current with a first preset current to the galvanic pile, and controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage.
The fuel cell system shutdown and discharge control device of the embodiment controls the air system and the galvanic pile to form a closed air loop and supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, and the hydrogen can fully consume oxygen in the air loop because the air loop is closed, so that the fuel cell system is shut down and discharged more thoroughly. The embodiment also provides a vehicle comprising any one of the fuel cell system shutdown and bleed-off control devices. According to the vehicle, after the fuel cell system is stopped and purged, the air system and the galvanic pile are controlled to form the closed air loop, and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (13)
1. A shutdown and discharge control method for a fuel cell system comprises an air system, a hydrogen system, a DCDC module and a galvanic pile, wherein the air system and the hydrogen system are respectively connected with the galvanic pile, and the DCDC module is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the galvanic pile, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a leakage current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage of the electric pile;
and if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running.
2. The shutdown bleed-off control method of the fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air system includes a three-way valve, an air compressor and a back pressure valve, a first inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the outside air, an outlet of the three-way valve is connected to an air inlet of the stack via the air compressor, and an air outlet of the stack is connected to a second inlet of the three-way valve and the back pressure valve, respectively;
the control air system and the electric pile form a closed air loop, and the control air system comprises:
the three-way valve and the back pressure valve are controlled to be fully closed.
3. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 2, wherein the control air system forms a closed air circuit with the stack, further comprising:
and controlling the operation of the air compressor.
4. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control method of claim 3, wherein the control air compressor is operated:
and controlling the air compressor to operate at the lowest rotating speed.
5. The shutdown and bleed-off control method of the fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen system comprises a proportional valve, a hydrogen-returning pump, a gas-liquid separator and a drain valve, an inlet of the proportional valve is connected with external hydrogen, a first hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is respectively connected with an outlet of the proportional valve and a first port of the hydrogen-returning pump, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is connected with a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second port of the hydrogen-returning pump, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve;
the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile and comprises:
and adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve to enable the hydrogen stack feeding pressure to be at a first preset pressure.
6. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 5, wherein the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the stack, further comprising:
the drain valve is closed.
7. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 5, wherein the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the stack, further comprising:
and controlling the hydrogen return pump to operate in the forward direction.
8. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control method of any one of claims 1-7, applied to a normal shutdown condition of the fuel cell system.
9. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control method of claim 7, wherein before controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop operating if the monolithic average voltage is lower than a first preset voltage, the method further comprises:
detecting the single-chip lowest voltage of the electric pile;
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, the hydrogen system is controlled to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, the DCDC module is controlled to apply a discharge current with a first preset current to the electric pile, and after the monolithic average voltage of the electric pile is detected and if the monolithic average voltage is lower than the first preset voltage, the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop running, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a second preset voltage or the single-chip minimum voltage is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the leakage current applied to the galvanic pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping a preset time length, and controlling the hydrogen return pump to operate in a forward direction or a reverse direction, wherein the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage are reduced in sequence;
and after the preset time, controlling the DCDC module to apply a discharge current with a second preset current to the galvanic pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current.
10. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 9 applied to a fuel cell system emergency shutdown condition.
11. A fuel cell system shutdown bleed control apparatus, comprising:
the DCDC module is used for applying bleeder current to the galvanic pile;
the current sensor is used for detecting the bleeder current applied to the galvanic pile by the DCDC module;
a voltage sensor for detecting a monolithic average voltage of the stack;
and the controller is used for controlling the air system and the galvanic pile to form a closed air loop after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a discharge current with a first preset current to the galvanic pile, and controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running if the average voltage of the single chip is lower than a first preset voltage.
12. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a hydrogen stack pressure sensor for sensing hydrogen stack pressure.
13. A vehicle characterized by comprising the fuel cell system shutdown bleed-off control apparatus according to claim 11 or 12.
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