CN114927728B - Shutdown and bleed control method and device for fuel cell system and vehicle - Google Patents
Shutdown and bleed control method and device for fuel cell system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114927728B CN114927728B CN202210387250.XA CN202210387250A CN114927728B CN 114927728 B CN114927728 B CN 114927728B CN 202210387250 A CN202210387250 A CN 202210387250A CN 114927728 B CN114927728 B CN 114927728B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shutdown release control method and device for a fuel cell system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The method comprises the following steps: after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with the first preset current to the electric pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage of the electric pile; and if the single-chip average voltage is lower than the first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running. After the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for controlling shutdown and bleeder of a fuel cell system, and a vehicle.
Background
The principle of the fuel cell is that the Gibbs free energy in the chemical energy of the fuel is partially converted into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and the fuel cell is not limited by the Carnot cycle effect, so the thermal efficiency is high. Currently, proton exchange membrane fuel cells are most widely used in the automotive field.
When the fuel cell system needs to be stopped, the gas purging is firstly carried out, and residual water in the cavity of the electric pile and the pipeline is taken away by utilizing the air and the hydrogen so as to be convenient for next starting; then, the discharging is carried out, and the main purpose is to consume residual oxygen in the cell stack air cavity by utilizing hydrogen, so that the inside of the cell stack is filled with nitrogen, and the oxygen is prevented from penetrating into the cell stack hydrogen cavity to form a hydrogen-air interface, thereby attenuating the cell stack catalyst. In the discharging process, a discharging current is loaded to the pile through DCDC, the PTC or the discharging resistor is utilized to consume electric quantity, meanwhile, the pile voltage is observed, and the discharging is judged to be completed after the pile voltage is reduced to a certain value. In the prior art, when a fuel cell system is stopped and discharged, the problem of incomplete discharge exists due to unreasonable discharge control strategy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of incomplete shutdown and release of a fuel cell system in the prior art by providing the shutdown and release control method and device of the fuel cell system and the vehicle.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method, the fuel cell system including an air system, a hydrogen system, a DCDC module and a pile, the air system and the hydrogen system being respectively connected to the pile, the DCDC module being connected to the anode and the cathode of the pile, the method comprising:
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with the first preset current to the electric pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage of the electric pile;
and if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running. Preferably, the air system comprises a three-way valve, an air compressor and a back pressure valve, wherein a first inlet of the three-way valve is connected with external air, an outlet of the three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of the electric pile through the air compressor, and an air outlet of the electric pile is respectively connected with a second inlet of the three-way valve and the back pressure valve;
the control air system forms a closed air circuit with the galvanic pile, comprising:
and controlling the three-way valve and the back pressure valve to be fully closed.
Preferably, the control air system forms a closed air circuit with the galvanic pile, and further comprises:
and controlling the air compressor to run.
Preferably, the control air compressor operates:
and controlling the air compressor to operate at the lowest rotating speed.
Preferably, the hydrogen system comprises a proportional valve, a hydrogen return pump, a gas-liquid separator and a drain valve, wherein an inlet of the proportional valve is connected with external hydrogen, a first hydrogen interface of a galvanic pile is respectively connected with an outlet of the proportional valve and a first port of the hydrogen return pump, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is connected with a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second port of the hydrogen return pump, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve;
the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile, comprising:
and adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve to enable the hydrogen gas pile-in pressure to be at a first preset pressure.
Preferably, the hydrogen control system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile, and further comprises:
the drain valve is closed.
Preferably, the hydrogen control system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile, and further comprises:
and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run forward.
Preferably, the fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method is applied to a normal shutdown condition of the fuel cell system. Preferably, before the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop running if the monolithic average voltage is lower than a first preset voltage, the method further comprises:
detecting a monolithic minimum voltage of the galvanic pile;
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, the hydrogen system is controlled to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, the DCDC module is controlled to apply a bleed current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile, and after the monolithic average voltage of the electric pile is detected, if the monolithic average voltage is lower than the first preset voltage, the air system is controlled, and before the hydrogen system stops running, the method further comprises the steps of:
if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a second preset voltage or the single-chip lowest voltage is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the discharging current applied to the electric pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping the preset duration, and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run in the forward direction or the reverse direction, wherein the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage are sequentially reduced;
and after the preset time length, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with a second preset current to the electric pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current.
Preferably, the fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method is applied to emergency shutdown conditions of the fuel cell system. On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell system shutdown bleed control device comprising:
the DCDC module is used for applying a bleeder current to the electric pile;
the current sensor is used for detecting the release current applied to the pile by the DCDC module;
a voltage sensor for detecting a monolithic average voltage of the stack;
and the controller is used for controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile, and controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running if the single-chip average voltage is lower than the first preset voltage.
Preferably, the fuel cell system shutdown bleed control device further includes a hydrogen gas in-stack pressure sensor for detecting the hydrogen gas in-stack pressure.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the following technical scheme:
a vehicle comprising any one of the above-described fuel cell system shutdown bleed control devices.
The one or more technical schemes provided by the invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system shutdown bleed control device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention solves the technical problem that the shutdown and the release of the fuel cell system are not thorough in the prior art by providing the shutdown and the release control method and the device of the fuel cell system and the vehicle.
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the following detailed description will refer to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
First, the term "and/or" appearing herein is merely an association relationship describing associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system stop bleed control method of the present embodiment includes:
step S1, after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling an air system and a pile to form a closed air loop, controlling a hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the pile, controlling a DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with a first preset current to the pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage of the pile;
and S2, if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running.
As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes a stack, a controller, a DCDC module, an air system, and a hydrogen system.
The air system comprises a three-way valve, an air compressor and a back pressure valve, wherein the three-way valve is two-in and one-out, a first inlet of the three-way valve is connected with external air, an outlet of the three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of the electric pile through the air compressor, and an air outlet of the electric pile is respectively connected with a second inlet of the three-way valve and the back pressure valve. When the three-way valve is fully opened, the first inlet of the three-way valve is communicated with the outlet of the three-way valve, and the air flow direction of the air system is as follows: external air, a first inlet of the three-way valve, an outlet of the three-way valve, an air compressor, an air inlet of the electric pile, an air outlet of the electric pile and a back pressure valve; when the three-way valve is fully closed, the second inlet of the three-way valve is communicated with the outlet of the three-way valve, and the air flow direction of the air system is as follows: the outlet of the three-way valve, the air compressor, the air inlet of the electric pile, the air outlet of the electric pile and the second inlet of the three-way valve, and part of air exhaust of the air outlet of the electric pile enters the back pressure valve. When the fuel cell system is started successfully and normally operates, the air system provides air with certain flow and pressure, the controller achieves target air flow by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor, the controller achieves target air pressure by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening of the back pressure valve, and the three-way valve is fully opened in the operation process of the system.
The hydrogen system comprises a proportional valve, a gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen return pump and a drain valve, wherein an inlet of the proportional valve is connected with external hydrogen, a first hydrogen interface of a galvanic pile is respectively connected with an outlet of the proportional valve and a first port of the hydrogen return pump, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile is connected with a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second port of the hydrogen return pump, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve. In general, the hydrogen return pump operates in the forward direction, and the hydrogen gas flow direction is as follows: the device comprises a proportional valve outlet, a first hydrogen interface of a galvanic pile, a second hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile, a first gas interface of a gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second port of a hydrogen return pump, a first port of the hydrogen return pump and a proportional valve outlet; of course, the hydrogen return pump can also be operated reversely, and the hydrogen flow direction is as follows: the device comprises a proportional valve outlet, a first port of a hydrogen return pump, a second port of the hydrogen return pump, a second gas interface of a gas-liquid separator, a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second hydrogen interface of a galvanic pile, a first hydrogen interface of the galvanic pile and a proportional valve outlet; when the drain valve is opened, liquid water and hydrogen at the outlet of the gas-liquid separator are discharged from the drain valve. The hydrogen system provides hydrogen with certain flow and pressure, and the proportional valve is used for adjusting the pressure and flow of the hydrogen; the hydrogen return pump is used for adjusting the flow of hydrogen recycled from the hydrogen outlet stack to the hydrogen inlet stack, so as to provide the hydrogen utilization rate; the gas-liquid separator is used for separating liquid water in the hydrogen of the stack so as to adjust the humidity of the stack; the drain valve periodically discharges the liquid water and impurity gas stored in the gas-liquid separator so as to maintain the concentration of the hydrogen in the reactor.
Of course, the air system generally further comprises an air in-pile temperature and pressure sensor and an air out-pile temperature and pressure sensor, wherein the air in-pile temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the air compressor and the electric pile air inlet, the air out-pile temperature and pressure sensor is arranged at the electric pile air outlet, and the air in-pile temperature and pressure sensor and the air out-pile temperature and pressure sensor are used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of the air in-pile and out-pile. The hydrogen system also generally comprises a hydrogen in-pile pressure sensor and a hydrogen out-pile pressure sensor, wherein the hydrogen in-pile pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the proportional valve and the first hydrogen interface of the electric pile, the hydrogen out-pile pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the second hydrogen interface of the electric pile and the gas-liquid separator, and the hydrogen in-pile pressure sensor and the hydrogen out-pile pressure sensor are respectively used for detecting pressure values of the hydrogen in-pile and out-pile so that the controller can realize closed loop regulation.
In step S1, after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the residual oxygen in the stack air cavity needs to be purged. After the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile, the air loop is closed, and the hydrogen can fully consume oxygen in the air loop, so that the shutdown and the release of the fuel cell system are more thorough.
In step S2, if the monolithic average voltage of the stack is lower than the first preset voltage, the bleeding is proved to be completed, and the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop running, i.e. the bleeding is stopped. The value range of the first preset voltage is 0.2-0.25V. In step S1, the three-way valve and the back pressure valve are controlled to be fully closed to form a closed air circuit between the air system and the electric pile.
In this embodiment, after the air system and the pile form a closed air loop, the bleeding speed is slow, and the bleeding time is long. For this purpose, in the preferred step S1 of this embodiment, the control air system forms a closed air circuit with the electric pile, and further includes: and controlling the air compressor to run. The air compressor can keep certain flow and pressure of air in the air loop, and quickly convey oxygen in the air loop into the electric pile for consumption, so that the oxygen consumption speed can be increased, and the release time can be shortened. The operation of the air compressor is to consume oxygen rapidly, only the lowest rotation speed is needed, and the system power consumption is increased due to the fact that the rotation speed is too high, so that the air compressor is preferably controlled to operate at the lowest rotation speed, and the power consumption of the air compressor in the discharging process can be reduced.
In step S1, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile includes: and adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve to enable the hydrogen gas pile-in pressure to be at a first preset pressure. The hydrogen gas pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure to make hydrogen gas flow fast, and the first preset pressure has a value of 120-130kPa. Controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile, further comprising: the drain valve is closed. Therefore, the electric pile and the hydrogen system can form a close-closed hydrogen loop, which is favorable for maintaining the hydrogen pressure and further accelerating the oxygen consumption speed. Controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the galvanic pile, further comprising: and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run forward. Thus, the flow of the hydrogen can be improved, and the oxygen consumption speed is further increased. The hydrogen return pump can be operated in the forward direction or in the reverse direction, but the pile can be damaged when operated in the reverse direction for a long time, and the pile can be prevented from being damaged when the hydrogen return pump is operated in the forward direction.
The method of steps S1-S2 can be used for both the venting of the normal shutdown condition of the fuel cell system and the venting of the emergency shutdown condition of the fuel cell system.
When the steps S1-S2 are applied to the normal stop working condition of the fuel cell system, the value range of the first preset current can be 5-10A; when the fuel cell system is in emergency stop, the requirement on the release time is high, and the release needs to be completed within 10 seconds to ensure the safety of the system, so that the release current in the emergency stop is larger than that in the normal stop, and the value range of the first preset current is 20-30A when the steps S1-S2 are applied to the emergency stop working condition of the fuel cell system.
And when the steps S1-S2 are applied to the normal shutdown working condition of the fuel cell system, if the air compressor runs at the lowest rotation speed, the hydrogen gas inlet pressure is kept to be 120kPa, the DCDC module applies 5A of discharge current to the electric pile, and the discharge is stopped when the monolithic average voltage of the electric pile is lower than 0.2, the discharge time is generally 15-30S.
In the embodiment, the larger the discharge current is and the shorter the discharge time is, but the shortage of hydrogen supply of the electric pile easily occurs when the discharge current is larger, so that the hydrogen is partially underinflated, the single-chip voltage of the electric pile is caused to have a negative value, the membrane electrode of the electric pile is easily damaged, and the service life of the electric pile is reduced. In order to avoid negative values of the stack monolithic voltage caused by a large bleed current, the embodiment preferably further includes, before step S2: detecting a monolithic minimum voltage of the galvanic pile;
after step S1 and before step S2, the method further comprises:
if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a second preset voltage or the single-chip lowest voltage is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the discharging current applied to the electric pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping the preset duration, and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run in the forward direction or the reverse direction, wherein the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage are sequentially reduced;
after the preset time length, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with a second preset current to the electric pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current.
At this time, in step S2, the air system and the hydrogen system are controlled to stop operating, mainly the air compressor and the hydrogen return pump are controlled to stop operating, and the proportional valve is closed.
If the bleeder current applied in step S1 is larger, after the step S1, as the oxygen in the pile and the closed pipeline is rapidly consumed, the monolithic average voltage and the monolithic minimum voltage can rapidly decrease, local undergassing easily occurs at this time, so that a certain monolithic voltage of the pile decreases too quickly and even a negative voltage occurs, therefore, when the monolithic average voltage reaches the second preset voltage or the monolithic minimum voltage reaches the third preset voltage, the bleeder current applied by the DCDC module is required to be stopped at this moment, the bleeder current is set to zero, the opening of the proportional valve is adjusted to adjust the hydrogen pile inlet pressure, and after the hydrogen pile inlet pressure reaches and maintains a certain pressure, a smaller bleeder current is applied to the pile, so that the larger bleeder current is applied first, the bleeder current is set to zero for a period of time when the bleeder is about to be completed, and the smaller bleeder current is applied finally, thus, the bleeder can be rapidly completed, the monolithic voltage of the pile does not occur to a negative value, and damage to the pile membrane electrode during bleeder can be avoided.
Wherein the second preset voltage may be 0.3V; the monolithic minimum voltage may be 0.1V; when the above method is applied to the emergency stop of the fuel cell system, the value range of the second preset current may be 10-20A.
The method can be applied to normal shutdown of the fuel cell system and emergency shutdown of the fuel cell system, but because the bleed current of the fuel cell system during normal shutdown is generally 5-10A, no negative value of the monolithic voltage of the electric pile is basically caused, the bleed during normal shutdown is generally completed through the steps S1-S2, the bleed current of the fuel cell system during emergency shutdown is generally 20-30A, the monolithic voltage of the electric pile is easily caused to be negative, and the method is more applied to emergency shutdown working conditions of the fuel cell system.
The hydrogen return pump can be controlled to run forward, the hydrogen return pump can also be controlled to run backward, the hydrogen return pump is controlled to run forward, the electric pile cannot be damaged necessarily, but the discharging is about to be completed when the single-chip average voltage reaches the second preset voltage or the single-chip minimum voltage reaches the third preset voltage, even if the hydrogen return pump is controlled to run backward, the time of the backward running is shorter, the electric pile cannot be damaged, and the hydrogen return pump runs forward and then runs backward firstly, so that the hydrogen consumes oxygen more fully, and the hydrogen concentration is kept more uniform.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment also provides a fuel cell system stop bleed control apparatus, including:
the hydrogen stacking pressure sensor is used for detecting the hydrogen stacking pressure;
the DCDC module is used for applying a bleeder current to the electric pile;
the current sensor is used for detecting the release current applied to the pile by the DCDC module;
a voltage sensor for detecting a monolithic average voltage of the stack;
and the controller is used for controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile, and controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running if the single-chip average voltage is lower than the first preset voltage.
After the shutdown purging of the fuel cell system, the shutdown purging control device for the fuel cell system controls the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop, and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile. The embodiment also provides a vehicle, which comprises any one of the shutdown bleeder control devices of the fuel cell system. After the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, the air system and the electric pile are controlled to form a closed air loop, and the hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the electric pile.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (12)
1. The shutdown and discharge control method of the fuel cell system comprises an air system, a hydrogen system, a DCDC module and a pile, wherein the air system and the hydrogen system are respectively connected with the pile, the DCDC module is connected with the anode and the cathode of the pile, the hydrogen system comprises a proportional valve and a hydrogen return pump, an inlet of the proportional valve is connected with external hydrogen, a first hydrogen interface of the pile is respectively connected with an outlet of the proportional valve and a first port of the hydrogen return pump, and a second hydrogen interface of the pile is connected with a second port of the hydrogen return pump; characterized in that the method comprises:
after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling an air system and a pile to form a closed air loop, controlling a hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the pile, controlling a DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with a first preset current to the pile, and detecting the single-chip average voltage and the single-chip minimum voltage of the pile;
if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a second preset voltage or the single-chip lowest voltage is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the release current applied to the electric pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping the preset duration, and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run in the forward direction or the reverse direction;
after the preset time length, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with a second preset current to the electric pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current;
and if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running, wherein the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage are sequentially reduced.
2. The method for controlling the shutdown and the release of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the air system comprises a three-way valve, an air compressor and a back pressure valve, a first inlet of the three-way valve is connected with external air, an outlet of the three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of a galvanic pile through the air compressor, and an air outlet of the galvanic pile is respectively connected with a second inlet of the three-way valve and the back pressure valve;
the control air system forms a closed air circuit with the galvanic pile, comprising:
and controlling the three-way valve and the back pressure valve to be fully closed.
3. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 2, wherein the control air system forms a closed air circuit with the stack, further comprising:
and controlling the air compressor to run.
4. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 3, wherein the control air compressor operates:
and controlling the air compressor to operate at the lowest rotating speed.
5. The fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen system comprises a gas-liquid separator and a drain valve, a second hydrogen interface of the electric stack is connected with a first gas interface of the gas-liquid separator, a second gas interface of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a second port of the hydrogen return pump, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve;
the control hydrogen system supplies hydrogen to the galvanic pile, comprising:
and adjusting the opening degree of the proportional valve to enable the hydrogen gas pile-in pressure to be at a first preset pressure.
6. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 5, wherein the controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the stack further comprises:
the drain valve is closed.
7. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control method of claim 5, wherein the controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the stack further comprises:
and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run forward.
8. The fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method is applied to a normal shutdown condition of the fuel cell system.
9. The fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell system shutdown bleeder control method is applied to a fuel cell system emergency shutdown condition.
10. A fuel cell system stop bleed control apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the DCDC module is used for applying a bleeder current to the electric pile;
the current sensor is used for detecting the release current applied to the pile by the DCDC module;
the voltage sensor is used for detecting the single-chip average voltage and the single-chip minimum voltage of the electric pile;
the controller is used for controlling the air system and the electric pile to form a closed air loop after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged, controlling the hydrogen system to supply hydrogen to the electric pile and controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with the magnitude of a first preset current to the electric pile; if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a second preset voltage or the single-chip lowest voltage is lower than a third preset voltage, controlling the release current applied to the electric pile by the DCDC module to be zero and keeping the preset duration, and controlling the hydrogen return pump to run in the forward direction or the reverse direction; after the preset time length, controlling the DCDC module to apply a bleeder current with a second preset current to the electric pile, wherein the second preset current is smaller than the first preset current; and if the single-chip average voltage is lower than a first preset voltage, controlling the air system and the hydrogen system to stop running, wherein the second preset voltage, the first preset voltage and the third preset voltage are sequentially reduced.
11. The fuel cell system shutdown bleed control device of claim 10, further comprising a hydrogen in-stack pressure sensor for detecting a hydrogen in-stack pressure.
12. A vehicle comprising the fuel cell system stop bleed control device according to claim 10 or 11.
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| CN117199456B (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2024-03-19 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell shutdown control method, device, equipment and computer readable medium |
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