CN114300715B - Fuel cell system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114300715B CN114300715B CN202111666290.XA CN202111666290A CN114300715B CN 114300715 B CN114300715 B CN 114300715B CN 202111666290 A CN202111666290 A CN 202111666290A CN 114300715 B CN114300715 B CN 114300715B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- air
- cavity
- cathode
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a fuel cell system and a control method thereof, wherein the fuel cell system comprises: a galvanic pile comprising a cathode cavity and an anode cavity; the air system comprises a first air inlet channel and a first air outlet channel, the first air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet of the cathode cavity, the first air outlet channel is communicated with the air outlet of the cathode cavity, and the air system comprises a first valve arranged at the air inlet of the cathode cavity, a second valve arranged at the air outlet of the cathode cavity and a tail exhaust valve arranged at the downstream of the second valve; the hydrogen system includes a second intake passage and a second exhaust passage. The technical scheme of the application can effectively solve the problems that the structure of the fuel cell system in the related technology is unreasonable and the service life of the fuel cell is affected by unreasonable shutdown control process.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and more particularly, to a fuel cell system and a control method thereof.
Background
In the related art, the fuel cell system is not designed to consider the change of the gas composition in the cathode cavity and the anode cavity of the fuel cell during the long-time shutdown, and no mechanical device or control is performed on the cathode cavity, so that the air in the environment can continuously enter the cathode cavity during the long-time shutdown, and the hydrogen in the anode cavity is consumed. And after the air concentration gradient in the cathode is higher than that in the anode along with the change of time, hydrogen in the anode cavity can permeate into the cathode cavity, so that the hydrogen in the anode cavity is lack in the next starting-up process. Thereby side reaction is generated on the catalyst layer, the catalyst layer is corroded, the integral performance of the fuel cell is irreversibly deteriorated for a long time, and the service life of the fuel cell is influenced.
At present, a valve is arranged at an air inlet of a cathode cavity of a fuel cell, the valve is directly locked when the fuel cell is shut down, and air in the cathode cavity is reacted by using excessive anode hydrogen, so that a large negative pressure is formed in the cathode cavity, in the long-time shutdown process, the air in the external environment easily permeates into the cathode cavity due to pressure difference with external atmospheric pressure, and the oxidation-reduction reaction is continuously carried out on the air in the external environment and the hydrogen in the anode cavity, so that the hydrogen content in the anode cavity is reduced, and the air concentration gradient in the cathode cavity is higher than that on the anode cavity side again, so that the service life of the fuel cell is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a fuel cell system and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the structure of the fuel cell system in the related art is unreasonable and the service life of a fuel cell is affected by unreasonable shutdown control process.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system comprising: a galvanic pile comprising a cathode cavity and an anode cavity; the air system comprises a first air inlet channel and a first air outlet channel, the first air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet of the cathode cavity, the first air outlet channel is communicated with the air outlet of the cathode cavity, and the air system comprises a first valve arranged at the air inlet of the cathode cavity, a second valve arranged at the air outlet of the cathode cavity and a tail exhaust valve arranged at the downstream of the second valve; the hydrogen system comprises a second air inlet channel and a second air outlet channel, wherein the second air inlet channel is communicated with an air inlet of the anode cavity, the second air outlet channel is communicated with an air outlet of the anode cavity, the hydrogen system comprises a third valve arranged at the air inlet of the anode cavity and a fourth valve arranged at the air outlet of the anode cavity, and one end, far away from the air outlet of the anode cavity, of the second air outlet channel is communicated with one end, far away from the second valve, of the tail exhaust valve.
With the technical scheme of the application, the fuel cell system comprises: galvanic pile, air system and hydrogen system. The air system can be used for introducing air into the cathode cavity of the electric pile, the hydrogen system can be used for introducing hydrogen into the anode cavity of the electric pile, the hydrogen can be decomposed into electrons and hydrogen protons by the catalyst in the anode cavity, the hydrogen protons reach the anode cavity through the proton exchange membrane and react with oxygen in the air to form water, and the electrons flow from the anode to the anode of the electric pile to generate electric energy. The air system includes a first valve disposed at an air inlet of the cathode cavity and a second valve disposed at an air outlet of the cathode cavity. When the shutdown control of the fuel cell system is performed, the first valve and the second valve can be respectively locked, so that after the fuel cell system is shut down, the outside air cannot enter the cathode cavity, and the components in the electric pile of the fuel cell system cannot change compared with the components in the electric pile of the fuel cell system during the shutdown. Therefore, the situation that air enters the cathode cavity to react to remove part of hydrogen in the anode cavity in the long-time shutdown process can be avoided, so that the hydrogen in the anode cavity is lack, a catalyst is corroded in the next startup process, and the service life of the fuel cell is further influenced. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application can effectively solve the problems that the structure of the fuel cell system in the related technology is unreasonable and the service life of the fuel cell is affected by unreasonable shutdown control process.
Further, the air system further comprises a communication channel which is communicated with the first air inlet channel and the first air outlet channel, the first end of the communication channel is communicated with one end of the first valve, which is far away from the air inlet of the cathode cavity, the second end of the communication channel is communicated between the second valve and the tail exhaust valve, and a fifth valve is arranged on the communication channel.
Further, the air system further comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier which are sequentially arranged on the first air inlet channel, and the first end of the communication channel is communicated between the humidifier and the first valve.
Further, the air system also includes a first pressure sensor disposed between the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the first valve;
The air system also includes a second pressure sensor disposed between the air outlet of the cathode cavity and the second valve.
Further, the hydrogen system also includes a third pressure sensor disposed between the inlet port of the anode cavity and the third valve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method of a fuel cell system, the control method controlling a shutdown process of the above-described fuel cell system, the control method including: stopping the supply of air into the cathode cavity; filling hydrogen into the anode cavity to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity; monitoring the pressure P1 at the air inlet of the cathode cavity, the pressure P2 at the air outlet of the cathode cavity and the voltage U of the electric pile, and performing a valve closing step when the pressure P1 at the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the air outlet of the cathode cavity are between 0.95 and 1.05 atmospheres and the voltage U is between 0 and 0.1V, the valve closing step comprising closing a second valve at the air outlet of the cathode cavity, a third valve at the air inlet of the anode cavity, a fourth valve at the air outlet of the anode cavity and a fifth valve connected between the inlet end of the first valve and the outlet end of the second valve, wherein the first valve is at the air inlet of the cathode cavity.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, after receiving the instruction for closing the fuel cell system, the steps are sequentially executed. Firstly, stopping supplying air into the cathode cavity (namely stopping filling oxygen into the cathode cavity); and then continuously filling hydrogen into the anode cavity, so that the filled hydrogen can react with the residual oxygen in the cathode cavity. When the voltage U of the electric pile is detected to be between 0V and 0.1V, the oxygen in the cathode cavity is basically reacted; when the pressure P1 at the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the air outlet of the cathode cavity are between 0.95 and 1.05 atmospheres, it is indicated that the pressure inside the cathode cavity is similar to the gas pressure outside the stack. When the two conditions are met, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are closed, so that the pressure in the cathode cavity is kept to be similar to the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure difference is almost not generated between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity and the outside, so that the gas exchange between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity can only be performed in the electric pile in the long-time shutdown process, the outside air cannot permeate into the electric pile, the components in the electric pile cannot be changed, and meanwhile, the fact that oxygen and a catalyst in the anode cavity cannot generate side reaction in the next startup process is ensured. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application can effectively solve the problems that the structure of the fuel cell system in the related technology is unreasonable and the service life of the fuel cell is affected by unreasonable shutdown control process.
Further, after the step of closing the valve is performed, the pressure P1 at the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the air outlet of the cathode cavity are monitored, and when the pressure P1 at the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the air outlet of the cathode cavity are less than 0.95 atm, the second valve and the third valve are opened and hydrogen is filled into the anode cavity to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity.
Further, the step of stopping the supply of air into the cathode cavity comprises: the first valve is closed.
Further, the step of filling hydrogen into the anode cavity to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity comprises: the third valve is kept in an open state so as to continuously charge hydrogen into the anode cavity; intermittently opening a fourth valve to discharge nitrogen in the anode cavity; the second valve is kept in an open state, so that the fifth valve is intermittently opened to dilute the hydrogen discharged in the second exhaust passage.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program performs the above-described control method.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes the control method described above.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a control method of the fuel cell system according to the present invention; and
Fig. 3 shows a control flow chart of the control method of fig. 2.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a galvanic pile; 20. an air system; 21. a first air intake passage; 211. a first valve; 212. an air cleaner; 213. an air compressor; 214. an intercooler; 215. a humidifier; 216. a first pressure sensor; 22. a first exhaust passage; 221. a second valve; 222. a tail valve; 223. a second pressure sensor; 23. a communication passage; 231. a fifth valve; 30. a hydrogen system; 31. a second intake passage; 311. a third valve; 312. a third pressure sensor; 32. a second exhaust passage; 321. and a fourth valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes: a stack 10, an air system 20, and a hydrogen system 30. Wherein the stack 10 comprises a cathode cavity and an anode cavity; the air system 20 comprises a first air inlet channel 21 and a first air outlet channel 22, wherein the first air inlet channel 21 is communicated with an air inlet of the cathode cavity, the first air outlet channel 22 is communicated with an air outlet of the cathode cavity, and the air system 20 comprises a first valve 211 arranged at the air inlet of the cathode cavity, a second valve 221 arranged at the air outlet of the cathode cavity and a tail discharge valve 222 arranged downstream of the second valve 221; the hydrogen system 30 comprises a second air inlet channel 31 and a second air outlet channel 32, the second air inlet channel 31 is communicated with the air inlet of the anode cavity, the second air outlet channel 32 is communicated with the air outlet of the anode cavity, the hydrogen system 30 comprises a third valve 311 arranged at the air inlet of the anode cavity and a fourth valve 321 arranged at the air outlet of the anode cavity, and one end, far away from the air outlet of the anode cavity, of the second air outlet channel 32 is communicated with one end, far away from the second valve 221, of the tail discharge valve 222.
By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the fuel cell system comprises: a stack 10, an air system 20, and a hydrogen system 30. The air system 20 can introduce air into the cathode cavity of the electric pile 10, the hydrogen system 30 can introduce hydrogen into the anode cavity of the electric pile 10, the hydrogen can be decomposed into electrons and hydrogen protons by the catalyst in the anode cavity, the hydrogen protons reach the anode cavity through the proton exchange membrane and react with oxygen in the air to form water, and the electrons flow from the anode to the anode of the electric pile 10 to generate electric energy. The air system 20 comprises a first valve 211 arranged at the air inlet of the cathode cavity and a second valve 221 arranged at the air outlet of the cathode cavity. When the shutdown control of the fuel cell system is performed, the first valve 211 and the second valve 221 may be respectively locked, so that after the fuel cell system is shutdown, external air cannot enter the cathode cavity, and the composition in the stack of the fuel cell system is not changed compared with the composition in the shutdown. Therefore, the situation that air enters the cathode cavity to react to remove part of hydrogen in the anode cavity in the long-time shutdown process can be avoided, so that the hydrogen in the anode cavity is lack, a catalyst is corroded in the next startup process, and the service life of the fuel cell is further influenced. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment can effectively solve the problems that the structure of the fuel cell system in the related technology is unreasonable and the service life of the fuel cell is affected by unreasonable shutdown control process.
In the power generation process of the fuel cell system, nitrogen in the air can permeate into the anode cavity, a fourth valve is arranged at the air outlet of the anode cavity, and the nitrogen permeated into the anode cavity can be discharged periodically by intermittently opening the fourth valve. In the process of discharging nitrogen, hydrogen is also discharged, and one end of the second exhaust channel 32 far away from the air outlet of the anode cavity is communicated with one end of the tail exhaust valve 222 far away from the second valve 221, so that the hydrogen discharged through the second exhaust channel 32 can be diluted by the gas discharged from the first exhaust channel 22, and explosion caused by too high hydrogen concentration in the discharged gas is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the air system 20 further includes a communication channel 23 that communicates with the first air intake channel 21 and the first air exhaust channel 22, a first end of the communication channel 23 communicates with an end of the first valve 211 that is far away from the air intake port of the cathode cavity, a second end of the communication channel 23 communicates between the second valve 221 and the tail gate 222, and a fifth valve 231 is provided on the communication channel 23. In the shutdown process, the amount of the gas discharged through the second valve 221 after stopping the air supply to the cathode cavity is reduced, and the hydrogen gas discharged through the second exhaust passage 32 cannot be diluted effectively, at this time, the fifth valve 231 may be opened, the air is supplied to the communication passage 23 and discharged from the tail exhaust valve 222, so that the hydrogen gas discharged through the second exhaust passage 32 can be diluted effectively, and explosion is avoided.
In the present embodiment, the air system 20 further includes an air cleaner 212, an air compressor 213, an intercooler 214, and a humidifier 215 that are disposed in this order on the first intake passage 21, and the first end of the communication passage 23 communicates between the humidifier 215 and the first valve 211. The device can filter, compress, cool and humidify air, so that the air filled into the cathode cavity meets the reaction requirement. Meanwhile, the first end of the communication channel 23 is communicated between the humidifier 215 and the first valve 211, so that after the first valve 211 is closed in the shutdown process, air can be filled into the first exhaust channel 22 through the communication channel 23 and the hydrogen discharged from the second exhaust channel 32 can be diluted, thereby avoiding explosion.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the air system 20 further includes a first pressure sensor 216 disposed between the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the first valve 211; the air system 20 further comprises a second pressure sensor 223 arranged between the air outlet of the cathode cavity and the second valve 221. The first pressure sensor 216 and the second pressure sensor 223 can detect the pressure at the air inlet and the air outlet of the cathode cavity, respectively, so that the pressure inside the cathode cavity can be judged, and the shutdown process of the fuel cell system can be controlled conveniently.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the hydrogen system 30 further includes a third pressure sensor 312 disposed between the gas inlet of the anode chamber and the third valve 311. The third pressure sensor 312 is capable of detecting the gas pressure at the gas inlet of the anode cavity, thereby facilitating control of the amount and pressure of hydrogen gas charged during power generation and power down of the fuel cell.
In this embodiment, during the power generation and shutdown process of the fuel cell system, the third pressure sensor 312 controls the amount and pressure of the hydrogen gas filled into the anode cavity, so that the air pressure in the anode cavity is slightly higher than the air pressure in the cathode cavity, and the sufficient hydrogen gas and the oxygen in the cathode cavity are ensured to react, so that the normal operation of the reaction is ensured, and meanwhile, the proton exchange membrane is prevented from being damaged due to the overlarge pressure difference between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present application further provides a control method of a fuel cell system, where the control method controls a shutdown process of the fuel cell system, and the control method includes: step S10: stopping the supply of air into the cathode cavity; step S20: filling hydrogen into the anode cavity to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity; step S30: monitoring the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity, the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity, and the voltage U of the stack 10, performing a valve closing step when the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity are between 0.95 atmospheres and 1.05 atmospheres and the voltage U is between 0V and 0.1V, the valve closing step comprising closing a second valve 221 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity, a third valve 311 at the gas inlet of the anode cavity, a fourth valve 321 at the gas outlet of the anode cavity, and a fifth valve 231 connected between the inlet end of the first valve 211 and the outlet end of the second valve 221, wherein the first valve 211 is located at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity.
By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, after receiving the instruction to shut down the fuel cell system, steps S10 to S30 are sequentially executed. Firstly, stopping supplying air into the cathode cavity (namely stopping filling oxygen into the cathode cavity); and then continuously filling hydrogen into the anode cavity, so that the filled hydrogen can react with the residual oxygen in the cathode cavity. In the process, the DC-DC is continuously pulled and loaded, and the electric energy generated by the electric pile is consumed. When the voltage U of the stack 10 is detected to be between 0V and 0.1V, it is indicated that the oxygen in the cathode cavity has substantially reacted; when the pressure P1 at the inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the outlet of the cathode cavity are between 0.95 atm and 1.05 atm, it is indicated that the pressure inside the cathode cavity is similar to the gas pressure value outside the stack 10. When the two conditions are met, the second valve 221, the third valve 311, the fourth valve 321 and the fifth valve 231 are closed, so that the pressure inside the cathode cavity is kept to be similar to the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure difference is almost not generated between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity and the outside, so that the gas exchange between the cathode cavity and the anode cavity can only be performed in the electric pile 10 in the long-time shutdown process, the outside air cannot permeate into the electric pile 10, the components in the electric pile 10 cannot be changed, and meanwhile, the fact that oxygen and a catalyst inside the anode cavity cannot generate side reaction in the anode cavity when the electric pile 10 is started up next time is ensured. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment can effectively solve the problems that the structure of the fuel cell system in the related technology is unreasonable and the service life of the fuel cell is affected by unreasonable shutdown control process.
In the present embodiment, after the valve closing step is performed, the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity are monitored, and when the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity are less than 0.95 atm, the second valve 221 and the third valve 311 are opened and hydrogen is filled into the anode cavity to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity. Due to the accuracy problem of the voltage detection device, even if the voltage U of the electric pile 10 is detected to be between 0V and 0.1V, it cannot be said that the oxygen in the cathode cavity has been fully reacted, and a small amount of oxygen may remain, and due to the small amount of residual oxygen, the electric energy generated by the reaction with the hydrogen is small, and the voltage detection device cannot detect the oxygen. Therefore, after the step of closing the valve, a small amount of residual oxygen reacts with hydrogen to generate negative pressure in the cathode cavity (i.e. the gas pressure in the cathode cavity is less than atmospheric pressure), at this time, the second valve 221 and the third valve 311 are opened again and hydrogen is filled into the anode cavity to consume the oxygen in the cathode cavity. When the gas pressure in the cathode cavity is equal to the atmospheric pressure again (between 0.95 and 1.05 atmospheres), the step of closing the valve is executed again, so that the oxygen in the cathode cavity can be reacted as much as possible, and the pressure difference between the inside of the cathode cavity and the outside is almost zero, so that the components in the electric pile 10 are ensured not to change, and meanwhile, the fact that the oxygen permeates into the anode cavity to react with the catalyst when the fuel cell system is started next time is ensured, and the service life of the fuel cell system is influenced.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the step of stopping the supply of air into the cathode cavity includes: the first valve 211 is closed.
In this embodiment, the step of filling the anode cavity with hydrogen to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity includes: so that the third valve 311 is kept in an opened state to continuously charge hydrogen into the anode cavity; so that the fourth valve 321 is intermittently opened to discharge nitrogen gas inside the anode cavity; the second valve 221 is maintained in an open state such that the fifth valve 231 is intermittently opened to dilute the hydrogen gas discharged in the second exhaust passage 32. Thus, the residual oxygen in the cathode cavity can be fully reacted, and the nitrogen permeated into the anode cavity can be discharged, so that the normal operation of the shutdown process is ensured.
The fuel cell system and the control method thereof can effectively solve the problem of hydrogen shortage of the fuel cell in the starting stage, so that the service life of the fuel cell is longer.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes the control method described above.
The application also provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the control method is executed when the program runs.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface on … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
A galvanic pile (10) comprising a cathode cavity and an anode cavity;
an air system (20) comprising a first air inlet channel (21) and a first air outlet channel (22), wherein the first air inlet channel (21) is communicated with an air inlet of the cathode cavity, the first air outlet channel (22) is communicated with an air outlet of the cathode cavity, and the air system (20) comprises a first valve (211) arranged at the air inlet of the cathode cavity, a second valve (221) arranged at the air outlet of the cathode cavity and a tail discharge valve (222) arranged at the downstream of the second valve (221);
A hydrogen system (30) comprising a second air inlet channel (31) and a second air outlet channel (32), wherein the second air inlet channel (31) is communicated with the air inlet of the anode cavity, the second air outlet channel (32) is communicated with the air outlet of the anode cavity, the hydrogen system (30) comprises a third valve (311) arranged at the air inlet of the anode cavity and a fourth valve (321) arranged at the air outlet of the anode cavity, and one end, far away from the air outlet of the anode cavity, of the second air outlet channel (32) is communicated with one end, far away from the second valve (221), of the tail discharge valve (222);
The air system (20) further comprises a communication channel (23) which is communicated with the first air inlet channel (21) and the first air outlet channel (22), a first end of the communication channel (23) is communicated with one end, away from an air inlet of the cathode cavity, of the first valve (211), a second end of the communication channel (23) is communicated between the second valve (221) and the tail exhaust valve (222), and a fifth valve (231) is arranged on the communication channel (23).
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein,
The air system (20) further comprises an air filter (212), an air compressor (213), an intercooler (214) and a humidifier (215) which are sequentially arranged on the first air inlet channel (21), and the first end of the communication channel (23) is communicated between the humidifier (215) and the first valve (211).
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein,
The air system (20) further comprises a first pressure sensor (216) arranged between the air inlet of the cathode cavity and the first valve (211);
the air system (20) further comprises a second pressure sensor (223) arranged between the air outlet of the cathode cavity and the second valve (221).
4. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein,
The hydrogen system (30) further comprises a third pressure sensor (312) arranged between the inlet of the anode cavity and the third valve (311).
5. A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by controlling the shutdown process of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the control method comprising:
Stopping the supply of air into the cathode cavity;
Filling hydrogen into the anode cavity to consume oxygen in the cathode cavity;
Monitoring the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity, the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity and the voltage U of the electric stack (10), performing a valve closing step when the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity and the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity are between 0.95 and 1.05 atmospheres and the voltage U is between 0 and 0.1V, the valve closing step comprising closing a second valve (221) at the gas outlet of the cathode cavity, a third valve (311) at the gas inlet of the anode cavity, a fourth valve (321) at the gas outlet of the anode cavity and a fifth valve (231) connected between the inlet end of a first valve (211) and the outlet end of the second valve (221), wherein the first valve (211) is located at the gas inlet of the cathode cavity.
6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that after the step of closing the valve is performed, the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode chamber and the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode chamber are monitored, and when the pressure P1 at the gas inlet of the cathode chamber and the pressure P2 at the gas outlet of the cathode chamber are less than 0.95 atm, the second valve (221) and the third valve (311) are opened and hydrogen is filled into the anode chamber to consume oxygen in the cathode chamber.
7. The control method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the step of stopping the supply of air into the cathode chamber comprises:
-closing the first valve (211).
8. The control method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the step of charging hydrogen into the anode chamber to consume oxygen in the cathode chamber comprises:
So that the third valve (311) is kept in an open state to continuously charge hydrogen into the anode cavity;
causing the fourth valve (321) to intermittently open to vent nitrogen from inside the anode cavity;
the second valve (221) is kept in an open state, so that the fifth valve (231) is intermittently opened to dilute the hydrogen gas discharged in the second exhaust passage (22).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111666290.XA CN114300715B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111666290.XA CN114300715B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114300715A CN114300715A (en) | 2022-04-08 |
| CN114300715B true CN114300715B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
Family
ID=80973081
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111666290.XA Active CN114300715B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114300715B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115036540B (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-08 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system shutdown method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106571479A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-19 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and shutdown control method thereof |
| CN110853466A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-28 | 行云新能科技（深圳）有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell management system, operation method and storage medium |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9231261B2 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2016-01-05 | Daimler Ag | System and method for minimizing fuel cell degradation after shutdown |
| CN110911712B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-11-02 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system and method for purging and draining water during shutdown and startup of fuel cell system |
-
2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111666290.XA patent/CN114300715B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106571479A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-19 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and shutdown control method thereof |
| CN110853466A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-28 | 行云新能科技（深圳）有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell management system, operation method and storage medium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114300715A (en) | 2022-04-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101321429B1 (en) | Fuel cell system and method of stopping fuel cell system | |
| US9093679B2 (en) | Method of shutting down fuel cell system | |
| US9306229B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US20070087233A1 (en) | System and method of controlling fuel cell shutdown | |
| KR101719674B1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US20080044691A1 (en) | Fuel cell system with purging and method of operating the same | |
| JP5155734B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and operation method thereof | |
| US9647282B2 (en) | Method for controlling fuel cell system | |
| CN107004876B (en) | Method for disconnecting a fuel cell stack and fuel cell system | |
| JP2013149538A (en) | Fuel cell system operation stopping method and fuel cell system | |
| US8691460B2 (en) | Method of stopping operation of fuel cell system | |
| US20090263679A1 (en) | Shutdown operations for an unsealed cathode fuel cell system | |
| US20100196772A1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US9070916B2 (en) | Method for controlling fuel cell system | |
| CN114300715B (en) | Fuel cell system and control method thereof | |
| CN114927728B (en) | Shutdown and bleed control method and device for fuel cell system and vehicle | |
| US9130202B2 (en) | Method for controlling fuel cell system with in-stop-mode power generating process and startup process | |
| US8268496B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and control method thereof | |
| JP5108345B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US20100081016A1 (en) | Fuel cell system and method for shutting down the system | |
| JP2010108756A (en) | Fuel cell system and purge control method of fuel cell system | |
| US9373858B2 (en) | Method for starting fuel cell system and starting apparatus for fuel cell system | |
| US8241804B1 (en) | Method for controlling fuel cell system | |
| US11742499B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
| US8691459B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and scavenging method therefor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |