CN115014732B - Round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experiment device and experiment method - Google Patents
Round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experiment device and experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115014732B CN115014732B CN202210500103.9A CN202210500103A CN115014732B CN 115014732 B CN115014732 B CN 115014732B CN 202210500103 A CN202210500103 A CN 202210500103A CN 115014732 B CN115014732 B CN 115014732B
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- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000038280 herbivores Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the field of pasture harvesting machinery. The utility model aims to provide a round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device and method, which can reduce feeding blockage of root grasses such as wangcao and the like and improve microbial inoculum spraying uniformity. A round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device comprises an experimental device frame, an oscillation feeding assembly, a microbial inoculum spraying assembly and a baled assembly. According to the experimental device, the material is conveyed by adjusting the vibration of the vibration plate, so that the feeding uniformity is improved, the phenomena of short-time mass aggregation and winding of the grass at the inlet of the bundling chamber caused by uneven feeding of the grass such as the king grass and the like are reduced, meanwhile, the vibration plate can realize the material billowing, the material of the bottom layer and the inner layer can be billowed to the surface in the spraying process of the microbial inoculum, and the spraying uniformity of the microbial inoculum is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the field of pasture harvesting machinery.
Background
Along with the adjustment of the agricultural industry structure, the development of animal husbandry is rapid, and pasture is used as main feed for herbivores, so that the nutritional value and palatability of the herbivores can be improved after fermentation. The king grass is a high-quality cluster rooting grass, has the characteristics of high growth speed, strong tillering capability and the like, and has become one of important forage sources in the important animal industry.
The root-growing grass plants such as the king grass and the like have a plurality of tillers, and the root-growing grass plants have larger difference with single plant raw crops such as silage corn and the like in the aspects of growth mode, morphology and the like. The plant spacing and row spacing of single plant crops such as silage corns are fixed during sowing, and the growth vigor of various planting areas is basically consistent, so that the harvester is fed uniformly during harvesting, and the feeding blocking phenomenon is less; the cluster root grass such as the king grass has strong perennial root property, larger plant type, the maximum number of the king grass of No. 4 examined by the national classification committee can reach 500cm, each plant can tiller 20-80, the growing points of the crops are dense, each plant is multiple, the harvesting is unstable and does not harvest, the short-time feeding quantity is obviously increased suddenly and is obviously reduced, the feeding quantity is uneven and has larger fluctuation, and the feeding blockage phenomenon often occurs. Therefore, the feeding regulating device can be added before the grass enters the bundling chamber, so that the uniformity of the fed grass is improved, and the blockage is reduced. Meanwhile, pasture such as the king grass and the like can be effectively preserved through anaerobic fermentation of nutrient substances, but silage is easy to be influenced by the environment in a natural state, and silage effect is influenced, so that bacterial agents are reasonably added before bundling and wrapping, and silage quality can be effectively improved.
The utility model patent number 201621071230.8 discloses a bundling machine which can open a feeding bottom plate and solves the problem of blockage by opening and closing the feeding bottom plate; the utility model patent number 201521069059.2 discloses an automatic liquid spraying device used with a self-propelled silage harvester, which sprays liquid in a forage bin or on a conveying belt. However, the device and the method for adjusting the feeding of the round baler and spraying the microbial inoculum, which are suitable for harvesting the root-like grasses in the clusters such as the wang grass and the like, improve the uniformity of feeding materials, reduce feeding blockage and improve the uniformity of spraying the microbial inoculum by billowing the materials in an oscillating manner, have not been reported yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device and method, which can reduce feeding blockage of root grasses such as wangcao and the like and improve microbial inoculum spraying uniformity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
the feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device of the round baler comprises an experimental device frame, an oscillation feeding assembly, a microbial inoculum spraying assembly and a baling assembly; the vibration feeding assembly, the microbial inoculum spraying assembly and the bundling assembly are all arranged above the experimental device supporting frame, the vibration feeding assembly is arranged at the front part of the experimental device frame, the microbial inoculum spraying assembly is arranged above the vibration feeding assembly, and the bundling assembly is arranged behind the vibration feeding assembly;
the experimental device frame comprises a support frame 1, an oscillation feeding component frame bottom plate 12, a bundling component frame bottom plate 13, an oscillation feeding component driving motor supporting seat 2 and a bundling component driving motor supporting seat 3;
the oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate 12 is fixedly connected to the front half part of the middle lower part of the supporting frame 1, the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat 2 is fixed above the oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate 12 through bolts, the bundling assembly frame bottom plate 13 is fixedly connected to the rear half part of the middle lower part of the supporting frame 1, and the bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat 3 is fixed above the bundling assembly frame bottom plate 13 through bolts;
the oscillating feeding assembly comprises an oscillating feeding assembly housing 4, an oscillating plate 41, a supporting plate 42, an amplitude adjusting device 43, a spring damper 44, a crankshaft connecting rod 45, a crankshaft 46, a grass conveying wheel 47 and an oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21;
the oscillation feeding assembly housing 4 is fixed above the support frame 1 through bolts, the rear end of the oscillation plate 41 is fixed on the oscillation feeding assembly housing 4 through bolts, and the upper end of the support plate 42 is fixed on the lower end of the oscillation plate 41 through bolts; the supporting plate 42 is provided with a slideway which is horizontally arranged with the lower plate surface of the supporting plate 42, and the amplitude adjusting device 43 is connected with the slideway of the supporting plate 42 through a bolt; the upper end of the spring damper 44 is connected with the amplitude adjusting device 43 through a bolt, and the lower end of the spring damper 44 is connected with the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod 45 through a bolt, so that the interference and influence of vibration on the test bench are reduced, and the precision of the experimental device is improved; the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod 45 is connected with the crankshaft 46 through a bolt;
the grass conveying and stirring wheel 47 is arranged at the rear end of the interior of the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 and above the oscillating plate 41;
the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is fixed above the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat 2 through bolts, a power output shaft of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is connected with the crankshaft 46, and a power output shaft of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is connected with the grass conveying shifting wheel 47 through chain transmission;
the microbial inoculum spraying assembly comprises a liquid storage tank 7, an angle adjusting handle 71, a spray rod 72, a spray head 73, a fastening bolt 74, a liquid storage tank mounting seat 75, a valve 76, a liquid outlet pipe 77, a liquid pump motor 78, a hydraulic pump 79 and a liquid inlet rotary cover 710;
the angle adjusting handle 71 is positioned on the right side of the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4, the spray rod 72 is fixed inside the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 through the angle adjusting handle 71 and the fastening bolt 74, and the spray head 73 is fixedly arranged on the spray rod 72;
the hydraulic pump 79 is driven by the liquid pump motor 78, the inlet of the hydraulic pump 79 is connected with the outlet of the liquid storage tank 7, and the liquid outlet pipe 77 of the hydraulic pump 79 is connected with the inlet of the spray rod 72; the valve 76 is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 77, the liquid storage tank mounting seat 75 is transversely arranged on the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 through bolts, and the liquid inlet spiral cover 710 is arranged above the liquid storage tank 7;
the bundling assembly comprises a net winding mechanism 51, a net feeding pair roller 52, a net cutting mechanism 53, a feeding grass poking wheel 54, a guard plate 55, a steel roller 56, a hydraulic cabin opening mechanism 9, a front cabin cover 5, a rear cabin cover 6 and a bundling assembly driving motor 31;
the front bin cover 5 and the rear bin cover 6 are arranged above the supporting frame 1, a bundling chamber 8 is arranged in the front bin cover, steel rollers 56 are circumferentially arranged in the front and the rear of the bundling chamber 8, and a feeding grass poking wheel 54 and a guard plate 55 are arranged at a feeding inlet of the bundling chamber 8; the net winding mechanism 51 is arranged at the front upper part of the front bin cover 5 and is cylindrical and is used for storing nets which do not enter the bundling chamber; the net feeding pair roller 52 is arranged below the net winding mechanism 51 and is used for conveying the net stored by the net winding mechanism 51 to the bundling chamber 8 through the net cutting mechanism 53; the net cutting mechanism 53 is arranged below the net feeding pair roller 52 and is used for carrying out net cutting operation after net winding is completed; the hydraulic opening mechanism 9 is arranged above the front bin cover 5 and the rear bin cover 6, the front end of the hydraulic opening mechanism is fixed on the front bin cover 5, the rear end of the hydraulic opening mechanism is fixed on the rear bin cover 6, the rear bin cover 6 is driven to open and close by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic opening mechanism 9, and the manufactured round bales are discharged;
the bundle assembly driving motor 31 is fixed above the bundle assembly driving motor supporting seat 3 through bolts, is connected with the steel roller 56 through chain transmission and is used for driving the operation of each mechanism of the bundle assembly.
The spring teeth on the grass conveying and poking wheel 47 are arranged in a staggered and crossed mode, the space staggering angle of adjacent spring teeth is 90 degrees, and the distance between the adjacent spring teeth in the axial direction of the grass conveying and poking wheel 47 is 75mm.
The rotation speed of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is adjusted through the variable frequency control equipment, so that different adjusting experiments of the oscillating frequency and the oscillating duration are realized, the adjusting range of the oscillating frequency is 60-600 times/minute, and the oscillating duration range of single material feeding is 2-30 s.
Wherein, the supporting plate 42 of the oscillation feeding assembly is provided with an upper slideway, a middle slideway and a lower slideway which are horizontally arranged; four screw holes are formed in the amplitude adjusting device 43, and the four screw holes are arranged in a diamond shape and are used for installing bolts. Wherein the upper portion has a threaded hole aligned with the upper slide on the support plate 42; two screw holes are arranged in the middle and aligned with the middle slideway on the supporting plate 42; the lower part is provided with a screw hole which is aligned with a lower slideway on the supporting plate 42; the amplitude adjusting device 43 realizes stepless adjustment of the amplitude by adjusting the fastening position of the bolt on the slideway of the supporting plate 42, and realizes simulation of various different experimental requirements.
Wherein, the angle between the spray direction of the spray head 73 and the ground is adjusted to be 20-90 degrees.
An experimental method using a round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental apparatus, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
1. selecting a microbial inoculum, and injecting the microbial inoculum into the liquid storage tank 7 in advance;
2. according to experimental conditions, the inclination angle of the installation of the oscillating plate 41 is adjusted, the amplitude is changed, the amplitude adjusting device 43 moves along the slideway of the supporting plate 42 for adjustment, and the oscillating plate 41 is fastened and installed by bolts, so that the amplitude adjustment of the oscillating plate 41 is realized;
3. according to the simulated harvesting working conditions, the frequency is selected by a variable frequency controller of the driving motor 21 of the oscillating feeding assembly, the oscillating frequency of the oscillating plate 41 and the feeding speed of the material are adjusted, and the speed of the forage grass rolled into bundles is adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the driving motor 31 of the bundling assembly and matching with the change of the feeding speed;
4. according to the simulated harvesting working conditions, the angle of the spray head 73 is adjusted through the angle adjusting handle 71 of the microbial inoculum spraying assembly, so that the adjustment of the microbial inoculum spraying angle is realized;
5. after installation and debugging are finished, materials are manually simulated to be sent into the front end of the oscillating plate 41, the oscillating time is controlled under the set oscillating frequency through the oscillating plate 41, the materials are conveyed backwards under the auxiliary effect of the conveying grass poking wheel 47, the materials are kicked to be emptied in the conveying process, the microbial inoculum is comprehensively and uniformly sprayed on the surface layer and the inner layer of the materials, the materials enter the bundling assembly at the rear end of the oscillating plate 41 through the feeding grass poking wheel 54, the bundling assembly realizes the coiling and forming of the materials at the set rotating speed, finally the net winding mechanism 51 winds the formed round bales, the hydraulic cabin opening mechanism 9 lifts the rear cabin cover 6, and the round bales are unloaded, so that the experimental processes of vibration feeding, microbial inoculum spraying, bundling and unloading are completed.
The oscillating feeding assembly and the bundling assembly are driven by an oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 and a bundling assembly driving motor 31 respectively, wherein the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 and the bundling assembly driving motor 31 are speed-adjustable motors, and are subjected to rotating speed adjustment control through frequency conversion control equipment, so that an adjusting experiment of the oscillating frequency, the oscillating amplitude and the oscillating duration of the oscillating feeding assembly and an adjusting experiment of the bundling speed of the bundling assembly are realized, and when the feeding speed of the oscillating feeding assembly is increased or reduced, the bundling speed of the bundling assembly is correspondingly increased or reduced; the microbial inoculum spraying assembly determines a spraying angle according to experimental conditions.
In step 2, the step of adjusting the amplitude of the oscillating plate 41 is as follows:
2.1, fastening an amplitude adjusting device 43 on the front end of a slideway on a supporting plate 42 through bolts before experiments, namely, the position of the minimum oscillation amplitude;
2.2, determining the unit change amount of the inclination angle of the oscillating plate 41 in each experiment according to experiment requirements, and changing the inclination angle by adjusting the position of a slide way on the supporting plate 42 through an adjusting bolt;
2.3, when the amplitude adjusting device 43 is adjusted to the rear end of the slideway on the supporting plate 42, namely the maximum oscillation amplitude position, the oscillation amplitude adjustment is finished.
In the step 4, the microbial inoculum spraying angle adjusting step is as follows:
4.1, rotating the angle adjusting handle 71 before the experiment to enable the spray head 73 to be vertical to the ground, namely, enabling an included angle between the spray head 73 and the ground to be 90 degrees, and fixing the spray rod 72 and the spray head 73 by using the fastening bolt 74 so that the spray rod and the spray head 73 do not rotate in the working process;
4.2, determining unit change amount of the spraying angle of each experimental microbial inoculum according to experimental requirements, and changing the spraying angle of the spray head 73 by adjusting the fastening bolt 74 so as to continuously spray the microbial inoculum to the front of the experimental device;
4.3, when the spray head 73 is adjusted to the angle of 20 degrees between the spray direction and the ground, the microbial inoculum spray angle is adjusted.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the experimental device, the material is conveyed by adjusting the vibration of the vibration plate, so that the feeding uniformity is improved, the phenomena of short-time mass aggregation and winding of the grass at the inlet of the bundling chamber caused by uneven feeding of the grass such as the king grass and the like are reduced, meanwhile, the vibration plate can realize the material billowing, the material of the bottom layer and the inner layer can be billowed to the surface in the spraying process of the microbial inoculum, and the spraying uniformity of the microbial inoculum is improved.
The oscillating plate adjusting device designed by the experimental device can realize stepless adjustment of the amplitude on the premise of not replacing parts, and is convenient to operate and high in precision.
According to the experimental device, the conveying grass poking wheels which are arranged in a staggered and crossed mode with the elastic teeth are arranged above the oscillating plate, and the phenomenon of material leakage can be reduced while material billowing is assisted.
The experimental device can simulate experiments under various experimental conditions, the frequency and the amplitude of the oscillating plate are adjusted, the oscillating time is controlled, the parameters are continuously optimized, the feeding uniformity is improved, the blocking phenomenon is reduced, meanwhile, the angle of the microbial inoculum spraying nozzle can be adjusted, so that the microbial inoculum is sprayed more uniformly, and the subsequent silage fermentation effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a round baler feed adjustment and inoculant spraying experimental apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and positional relationship of an oscillating feeding assembly of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure and positional relationship of the microbial inoculum spraying assembly of the utility model;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the amplitude modulation device in a first state;
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of the amplitude modulation device in a second state;
FIG. 4c is a schematic view of the amplitude modulation device in a third state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure and positional relationship of the baled assembly of the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a transport grass pulling wheel;
fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of an oscillating feeding assembly of the present utility model.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. support frame 2 and driving motor support seat of oscillation feeding assembly
3. Bundle assembly driving motor support seat 4 and oscillation feeding assembly housing
5. Front bin cover 6 and rear bin cover
7. Liquid storage tank 8 and bundling chamber
9. Hydraulic cabin opening mechanism 12 and oscillating feeding assembly rack bottom plate
13. Bundling assembly frame bottom plate 21, oscillating feeding assembly driving motor
31. Bundle assembly driving motor 41, oscillating plate
42. Support plate 43 and amplitude adjusting device
44. Spring damper 45 and crankshaft connecting rod
46. Crankshaft 47, conveying grass poking wheel
51. Net winding mechanism 52 and net feeding pair roller
53. Net cutting mechanism 54 and feeding grass poking wheel
55. Guard plate 56 and steel roller
71. Angle adjusting handle 72, spray bar
73. Spray head 74, fastening bolt
75. Liquid storage tank mounting seat 76 and valve
77. Liquid outlet pipe 78 and liquid pump motor
79. Hydraulic pump 710, liquid inlet screw cap
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present utility model further with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device of the round baler comprises an experimental device frame, an oscillation feeding assembly, a microbial inoculum spraying assembly and a baling assembly. The vibration feeding component, the microbial inoculum spraying component and the bundling component are all arranged above the experimental device supporting frame, the vibration feeding component is arranged at the front part of the experimental device frame, the microbial inoculum spraying component is arranged above the vibration feeding component, and the bundling component is arranged behind the vibration feeding component.
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental device frame comprises a support frame 1, an oscillation feeding assembly frame bottom plate 12, a bundling assembly frame bottom plate 13, an oscillation feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat 2 and a bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat 3.
The oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate 12 is fixedly connected to the front half part of the middle lower part of the supporting frame 1, the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat 2 is fixed above the oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate 12 through bolts, the bundling assembly frame bottom plate 13 is fixedly connected to the rear half part of the middle lower part of the supporting frame 1, and the bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat 3 is fixed above the bundling assembly frame bottom plate 13 through bolts.
As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, the oscillating feed assembly includes an oscillating feed assembly housing 4, an oscillating plate 41, a support plate 42, an amplitude adjusting device 43, a spring damper 44, a crank link 45, a crank 46, a feed grass wheel 47 and an oscillating feed assembly driving motor 21.
The oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 is fixed above the supporting frame 1 through bolts, the rear end of the oscillating plate 41 is fixed on the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 through bolts, and the upper end of the supporting plate 42 is fixed on the lower end of the oscillating plate 41 through bolts. The supporting plate 42 is provided with a slideway horizontally arranged with the lower plate surface of the supporting plate 42, and the amplitude adjusting device 43 is connected with the slideway of the supporting plate 42 through bolts. The upper end of the spring damper 44 is connected with the amplitude adjusting device 43 through a bolt, and the lower end of the spring damper 44 is connected with the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod 45 through a bolt, so that the interference and influence of vibration on the test bench are reduced, and the precision of the experimental device is improved. The lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod 45 is bolted to the crankshaft 46.
The feed grass pulling wheel 47 is arranged at the rear end of the interior of the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 above the oscillating plate 41. The spring teeth on the conveying grass poking wheel 47 are arranged in a staggered manner in a crossed manner, the space staggered angle of the adjacent spring teeth is 90 degrees, the distance between the adjacent spring teeth in the axial direction of the conveying grass poking wheel 47 is 75mm, the material billowing is facilitated, the winding of the stalks can be reduced in a staggered manner, the continuous impact collision to the lifted stalks can be reduced, and the material leakage phenomenon is further reduced.
The oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is fixed above the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat 2 through bolts, a power output shaft of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is connected with the crankshaft 46, and a power output shaft of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 is connected with the grass conveying shifting wheel 47 through chain transmission. The driving motor 21 of the oscillating feeding assembly is used for driving the operation of each mechanism of the oscillating feeding assembly to realize the oscillating feeding of materials such as the wang grass. The oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 adjusts the rotating speed through the variable frequency control equipment, so that different adjusting experiments of the oscillating frequency and the oscillating duration are realized, the adjusting range of the oscillating frequency is 60-600 times/minute, and the oscillating duration range of single material feeding is 2-30 s.
As shown in fig. 2, 4a, 4b and 4c, the support plate 42 of the oscillating feeding assembly is provided with an upper slideway, a middle slideway and a lower slideway which are horizontally arranged with the lower surface of the support plate 42. Four screw holes are formed in the amplitude adjusting device 43, and the four screw holes are arranged in a diamond shape and are used for installing bolts. Wherein the upper portion has a threaded hole aligned with the upper slide on the support plate 42; two screw holes are arranged in the middle and aligned with the middle slideway on the supporting plate 42; the lower portion has a screw hole aligned with the lower slide on the support plate 42. The amplitude adjusting device 43 realizes stepless adjustment of the amplitude by adjusting the fastening position of the bolt on the slideway of the supporting plate 42, and realizes simulation of various different experimental requirements.
The screw fastening position of the vibration amplitude adjusting device 43 is changed according to experimental conditions, the vibration amplitude of the vibration feeding assembly is adjusted by moving the vibration amplitude adjusting device 43 along the slideway of the supporting plate 42, stepless adjustment can be carried out according to experimental conditions, the inclination angle of the vibration plate is changed by fixing the vibration amplitude adjusting device 43 and the supporting plate 42 at different positions on the slideway, and further experimental condition designs of different vibration amplitudes are realized, wherein the maximum value, the middle value and the minimum value of the screw fixing on the slideway are respectively shown in fig. 4a, 4b and 4c, the corresponding inclination angle is A, B, C, and the change range of the inclination angle is 7-13 degrees.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the microbial inoculum spraying assembly includes a liquid storage tank 7, an angle adjustment handle 71, a spray boom 72, a spray head 73, a fastening bolt 74, a liquid storage tank mounting seat 75, a valve 76, a liquid outlet pipe 77, a liquid pump motor 78, a hydraulic pump 79, and a liquid inlet screw cap 710.
The angle adjusting handle 71 is positioned on the right side of the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4, the spray rod 72 is fixed inside the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 through the angle adjusting handle 71 and the fastening bolt 74, and the spray head 73 is mounted and fixed on the spray rod 72.
The angle adjusting handle 71 can adjust the spraying angle of the spray head 73, and the spray angle of the spray head 73 is adjusted by loosening the fastening bolt 74, manually rotating the angle adjusting handle 71 to drive the spray rod 72 to rotate and then tightening the fastening bolt 74. The angle between the spray direction of the spray head 73 and the ground is adjusted to 20-90 deg.
The hydraulic pump 79 is driven by a liquid pump motor 78, the inlet of the hydraulic pump 79 is connected to the outlet of the liquid reservoir 7, and the liquid outlet pipe 77 of the hydraulic pump 79 is connected to the inlet of the spray boom 72. The valve 76 is installed on the liquid outlet pipe 77, the liquid storage tank installation seat 75 is transversely installed on the oscillating feeding assembly housing 4 through bolts, and the liquid inlet spiral cover 710 is installed above the liquid storage tank 7.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the bundling assembly comprises a net winding mechanism 51, a net feeding pair roller 52, a net cutting mechanism 53, a feeding grass poking wheel 54, a guard plate 55, a steel roller 56, a hydraulic cabin opening mechanism 9, a front cabin cover 5, a rear cabin cover 6 and a bundling assembly driving motor 31.
The front bin cover 5 and the rear bin cover 6 are arranged above the supporting frame 1, a bundling chamber 8 is arranged in the front bin cover and the rear bin cover, steel rollers 56 are circumferentially arranged in the front and the rear of the bundling chamber 8, and a feeding grass poking wheel 54 and a guard plate 55 are arranged at the feeding inlet of the bundling chamber 8 and used for orderly and stably feeding materials such as royal grass, and the guard plate 55 can prevent leakage of materials and reduce interference to normal operation of a machine. The net winding mechanism 51 is disposed at the front upper part of the front bin cover 5 and is cylindrical for storing the net which does not enter the bundling chamber. The net feeding counter roller 52 is arranged below the net winding mechanism 51 and is used for conveying the net stored by the net winding mechanism 51 to the bundling chamber 8 through the net cutting mechanism 53. The net cutting mechanism 53 is disposed below the net feeding pair roller 52, and is used for performing net cutting operation after net winding is completed. The hydraulic opening mechanism 9 is arranged above the front bin cover 5 and the rear bin cover 6, the front end of the hydraulic opening mechanism is fixed on the front bin cover 5, the rear end of the hydraulic opening mechanism is fixed on the rear bin cover 6, the rear bin cover 6 is driven to open and close by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic opening mechanism 9, and the manufactured round bales are discharged.
The bundling assembly driving motor 31 is fixed above the bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat 3 through bolts and is connected with the steel roller 56 through chain transmission for driving each mechanism of the bundling assembly to operate, so that the bundling assembly driving motor can roll materials such as wang grass into bundles, and the bundling assembly driving motor can perform rotation speed adjustment through frequency conversion control equipment, and the experiment adapting to different feeding speeds is realized.
An experimental method using a round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device comprises the following steps:
1. selecting a microbial inoculum, and injecting the microbial inoculum into the liquid storage tank 7 in advance;
2. according to experimental conditions, the inclination angle of the installation of the oscillating plate 41 is adjusted, the amplitude is changed, the amplitude adjusting device 43 moves along the slideway of the supporting plate 42 for adjustment, and the oscillating plate 41 is fastened and installed by bolts, so that the amplitude adjustment of the oscillating plate 41 is realized;
3. according to the simulated harvesting working conditions, the frequency is selected by a variable frequency controller of the driving motor 21 of the oscillating feeding assembly, the oscillating frequency of the oscillating plate 41 and the feeding speed of the material are adjusted, and the speed of the forage grass rolled into bundles is adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the driving motor 31 of the bundling assembly and matching with the change of the feeding speed;
4. according to the simulated harvesting working conditions, the angle of the spray head 73 is adjusted through the angle adjusting handle 71 of the microbial inoculum spraying assembly, so that the adjustment of the microbial inoculum spraying angle is realized;
5. after installation and debugging are finished, materials are manually simulated to be sent into the front end of the oscillating plate 41, the oscillating time is controlled under the set oscillating frequency through the oscillating plate 41, the materials are conveyed backwards under the auxiliary effect of the conveying grass poking wheel 47, the materials are kicked to be emptied in the conveying process, the microbial inoculum is comprehensively and uniformly sprayed on the surface layer and the inner layer of the materials, the materials enter the bundling assembly at the rear end of the oscillating plate 41 through the feeding grass poking wheel 54, the bundling assembly realizes the coiling and forming of the materials at the set rotating speed, finally the net winding mechanism 51 winds the formed round bales, the hydraulic cabin opening mechanism 9 lifts the rear cabin cover 6, and the round bales are unloaded, so that the experimental processes of vibration feeding, microbial inoculum spraying, bundling and unloading are completed.
The oscillating feeding assembly and the bundling assembly are driven by the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 and the bundling assembly driving motor 31 respectively, wherein the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor 21 and the bundling assembly driving motor 31 are speed-adjustable motors, and the speed adjustment control is carried out through frequency conversion control equipment, so that the adjusting experiments of the oscillating frequency, the oscillating amplitude and the oscillating duration of the oscillating feeding assembly and the bundling speed of the bundling assembly are realized, and when the feeding speed of the oscillating feeding assembly is increased or reduced, the bundling speed of the bundling assembly is correspondingly increased or reduced. The microbial inoculum spraying assembly determines a spraying angle according to experimental conditions.
In step 2, the step of adjusting the amplitude of the oscillating plate 41 is as follows:
2.1, fastening the amplitude adjusting device 43 on the front end of the slideway on the supporting plate 42 by bolts before experiments, namely, the position of the minimum oscillation amplitude, as shown in fig. 4 c;
2.2, determining the unit change amount of the inclination angle of the oscillating plate 41 in each experiment according to experiment requirements, and changing the inclination angle by adjusting the position of a slide way on the supporting plate 42 through an adjusting bolt;
2.3 when the amplitude adjustment means 43 is adjusted to the rear end of the slideway on the support plate 42, i.e. the maximum oscillation amplitude position, as shown in fig. 4a, the oscillation amplitude adjustment is ended.
In the step 4, the fungus agent spraying angle adjusting step is as follows:
4.1, rotating the angle adjusting handle 71 before the experiment to enable the spray head 73 to be vertical to the ground, namely, enabling an included angle between the spray head 73 and the ground to be 90 degrees, and fixing the spray rod 72 and the spray head 73 by using the fastening bolt 74 so that the spray rod and the spray head 73 do not rotate in the working process;
4.2, determining unit change amount of the spraying angle of each experimental microbial inoculum according to experimental requirements, and changing the spraying angle of the spray head 73 by adjusting the fastening bolt 74 so as to continuously spray the microbial inoculum to the front of the experimental device;
4.3, when the spray head 73 is adjusted to the angle of 20 degrees between the spray direction and the ground, the microbial inoculum spray angle is adjusted.
Claims (1)
1. An experimental method for utilizing a round baler for clustered rooting grass to feed and adjust and fungus agent to spray an experimental device is characterized in that:
the round baler feeding adjustment and microbial inoculum spraying experimental device for the cluster rooting grasses comprises an experimental device frame, an oscillation feeding assembly, a microbial inoculum spraying assembly and a bundling assembly; the vibration feeding assembly, the microbial inoculum spraying assembly and the bundling assembly are all arranged above the experimental device supporting frame, the vibration feeding assembly is arranged at the front part of the experimental device frame, the microbial inoculum spraying assembly is arranged above the vibration feeding assembly, and the bundling assembly is arranged behind the vibration feeding assembly;
the experimental device frame comprises a supporting frame (1), an oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate (12), a bundling assembly frame bottom plate (13), an oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat (2) and a bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat (3);
the oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate (12) is fixedly connected to the front half part of the middle lower part of the supporting frame (1), the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat (2) is fixed above the oscillating feeding assembly frame bottom plate (12), the bundling assembly frame bottom plate (13) is fixedly connected to the rear half part of the middle lower part of the supporting frame (1), and the bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat (3) is fixed above the bundling assembly frame bottom plate (13);
the vibration feeding component comprises a vibration feeding component housing (4), a vibration plate (41), a supporting plate (42), an amplitude adjusting device (43), a spring damper (44), a crankshaft connecting rod (45), a crankshaft (46), a conveying grass poking wheel (47) and a vibration feeding component driving motor (21);
the oscillation feeding assembly housing (4) is fixed above the support frame (1), the rear end of the oscillation plate (41) is fixed on the oscillation feeding assembly housing (4), and the upper end of the support plate (42) is fixed at the lower end of the oscillation plate (41); the supporting plate (42) is provided with a slideway which is arranged in parallel with the lower plate surface of the supporting plate (42), and the amplitude adjusting device (43) is connected with the slideway of the supporting plate (42) through bolts; the upper end of the spring damper (44) is connected with the amplitude adjusting device (43), and the lower end of the spring damper (44) is connected with the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod (45); the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod (45) is connected with the crankshaft (46);
the grass conveying and poking wheel (47) is arranged at the rear end of the interior of the oscillating feeding assembly housing (4) and above the oscillating plate (41);
the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor (21) is fixed above the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor supporting seat (2), a power output shaft of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor (21) is connected with the crankshaft (46), and a power output shaft of the oscillating feeding assembly driving motor (21) is connected with the grass conveying shifting wheel (47) through chain transmission;
the microbial inoculum spraying assembly comprises a liquid storage tank (7), an angle adjusting handle (71), a spray rod (72), a spray head (73), a fastening bolt (74), a liquid storage tank mounting seat (75), a valve (76), a liquid outlet pipe (77), a liquid pump motor (78), a hydraulic pump (79) and a liquid inlet spiral cover (710);
the angle adjusting handle (71) is positioned on the right side of the oscillating feeding assembly housing (4), the spray rod (72) is fixed in the oscillating feeding assembly housing (4) through the angle adjusting handle (71) and the fastening bolt (74), and the spray head (73) is installed and fixed on the spray rod (72);
the hydraulic pump (79) is driven by the liquid pump motor (78), the inlet of the hydraulic pump (79) is connected with the outlet of the liquid storage tank (7), and the liquid outlet pipe (77) of the hydraulic pump (79) is connected with the inlet of the spray rod (72); the valve (76) is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe (77), the liquid storage tank mounting seat (75) is transversely arranged on the oscillating feeding assembly housing (4), and the liquid inlet spiral cover (710) is arranged above the liquid storage tank (7);
the bundling assembly comprises a net winding mechanism (51), a net feeding pair roller (52), a net cutting mechanism (53), a feeding grass poking wheel (54), a guard board (55), a steel roller (56), a hydraulic cabin opening mechanism (9), a front cabin cover (5), a rear cabin cover (6) and a bundling assembly driving motor (31);
the front bin cover (5) and the rear bin cover (6) are arranged above the supporting frame (1), a bundling chamber (8) is arranged in the front bin cover, steel rollers (56) are circumferentially arranged in the front and the rear of the bundling chamber (8), and a feeding grass poking wheel (54) and a guard board (55) are arranged at a feeding inlet of the bundling chamber (8); the net winding mechanism (51) is arranged at the front upper part of the front bin cover (5) and is cylindrical and is used for storing nets which do not enter the bundling chamber; the net feeding pair roller (52) is arranged below the net winding mechanism (51) and is used for conveying the net stored by the net winding mechanism (51) to the bundling chamber (8) through the net cutting mechanism (53); the net cutting mechanism (53) is arranged below the net feeding pair roller (52) and is used for carrying out net cutting operation after net winding is completed; the hydraulic opening mechanism (9) is arranged above the front bin cover (5) and the rear bin cover (6), the front end of the hydraulic opening mechanism is fixed on the front bin cover (5), the rear end of the hydraulic opening mechanism is fixed on the rear bin cover (6), and the rear bin cover (6) is driven to open and close by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic opening mechanism (9) to discharge the manufactured round bales;
the bundling assembly driving motor (31) is fixed above the bundling assembly driving motor supporting seat (3), is connected with the steel roller (56) through chain transmission and is used for driving the operation of each mechanism of the bundling assembly;
the spring teeth on the grass conveying wheel (47) are arranged in a staggered and crossed mode, the space staggering angle of the adjacent spring teeth is 90 degrees, and the distance between the adjacent spring teeth in the axial direction of the grass conveying wheel (47) is 75mm;
the driving motor (21) of the oscillating feeding assembly carries out rotation speed adjustment through frequency conversion control equipment to realize adjustment experiments of different oscillating frequencies and oscillating time lengths, the adjusting range of the oscillating frequencies is 60-600 times/minute, and the oscillating time length range of single material feeding is 2-30 s;
an upper slideway, a middle slideway and a lower slideway which are horizontally arranged are arranged on a supporting plate (42) of the oscillation feeding assembly; four screw holes are formed in the amplitude adjusting device (43), and the positions of the four screw holes are arranged in a diamond shape; wherein the upper part is provided with a screw hole which is aligned with an upper slideway on the supporting plate (42); two screw holes are arranged in the middle and aligned with the middle slideway on the supporting plate (42); the lower part is provided with a screw hole which is aligned with a lower slideway on the supporting plate (42); the amplitude adjusting device (43) realizes stepless adjustment of the amplitude through adjusting the fastening position of the bolt on the slideway of the supporting plate (42), and realizes simulation of various different experimental requirements;
the angle adjusting range of the spray direction of the spray head (73) and the ground is 20-90 degrees;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting a microbial inoculum, and injecting the microbial inoculum into a liquid storage tank (7) in advance;
2) The inclination angle of the oscillating plate (41) is adjusted according to experimental conditions so as to change the amplitude, the amplitude adjusting device (43) moves along the slideway of the supporting plate (42) for adjustment, and the oscillating plate (41) is fastened and installed by bolts so as to realize the adjustment of the amplitude of the oscillating plate (41);
3) According to the simulated harvesting working conditions, the frequency is selected through a variable frequency controller of an oscillating feeding assembly driving motor (21), the oscillating frequency of an oscillating plate (41) and the feeding speed of materials are adjusted, and the speed of the forage grass rolled into bundles is adjusted through controlling the rotating speed of a bundling assembly driving motor (31) and matching with the change of the feeding speed;
4) According to the simulated harvesting working conditions, the angle of the spray head (73) is adjusted through the angle adjusting handle 71 of the microbial inoculum spraying assembly, so that the adjustment of the microbial inoculum spraying angle is realized;
5) After installation and debugging are finished, materials are manually simulated to be sent into the front end of an oscillating plate (41), the oscillating time is controlled under the set oscillating frequency through the oscillating plate (41), the materials are conveyed backwards under the auxiliary effect of a conveying grass pulling wheel (47), the materials are turned over and emptied in the conveying process, the microbial inoculum is comprehensively and uniformly sprayed on the surface layer and the inner layer of the materials, the materials enter a bundling assembly at the rear end of the oscillating plate (41) through a feeding grass pulling wheel (54), the bundling assembly realizes the coiling and forming of the materials at the set rotating speed, finally a net winding mechanism (51) winds formed round bales, a hydraulic cabin opening mechanism (9) lifts a cabin cover (6) after the round bales are unloaded, and the experimental processes of vibration feeding, microbial inoculum spraying, bundling and unloading are completed;
the vibration feeding component and the bundling component are driven by a vibration feeding component driving motor (21) and a bundling component driving motor (31) respectively, wherein the vibration feeding component driving motor (21) and the bundling component driving motor (31) are speed-adjustable motors, and the speed adjustment control is carried out by frequency conversion control equipment, so that an adjustment experiment of vibration frequency, vibration amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration feeding component and an adjustment experiment of bundling speed of the bundling component are realized, and when the feeding speed of the vibration feeding component is increased or decreased, the bundling speed of the bundling component is correspondingly increased or decreased; the microbial inoculum spraying assembly determines a spraying angle according to experimental conditions;
in the step 2), the step of adjusting the amplitude of the oscillating plate (41) is as follows:
2.1, fastening an amplitude adjusting device (43) at the front end of a slideway on a supporting plate (42) through a bolt before an experiment, namely, the position of the minimum oscillation amplitude;
2.2, determining the unit change quantity of the inclination angle of the oscillating plate (41) in each experiment according to experiment requirements, and changing the inclination angle by adjusting the position of a slide way on the supporting plate (42) through the bolt;
2.3, when the amplitude adjusting device (43) is adjusted to the rear end of the slideway on the supporting plate (42), namely the maximum oscillation amplitude position, the oscillation amplitude adjustment is finished;
in the step 4), the fungus agent spraying angle adjusting step is as follows:
4.1, rotating an angle adjusting handle (71) before experiments to enable a spray head (73) to be vertical to the ground, namely, the included angle between the spray head and the ground is 90 degrees, and fixing a spray rod (72) and the spray head (73) by using a fastening bolt (74) so that the spray rod and the spray head do not rotate in the working process;
4.2, determining unit change amount of the spraying angle of each experimental microbial inoculum according to experimental requirements, and changing the spraying angle of a spray head (73) by adjusting a fastening bolt (74) so as to continuously spray the microbial inoculum to the front of an experimental device;
and 4.3, when the spray head (73) is adjusted to a 20-degree included angle between the spraying direction and the ground, the microbial inoculum spraying angle is adjusted.
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