CN209824415U - Vehicular orchard fertilization equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vehicle-mounted orchard fertilizing device, which comprises a fertilizer storage device, a fertilizer mixing device, a fertilizing device and a movable chassis; the fertilizer storage device comprises a fertilizer storage hopper, a stirring blade and a stirring blade driving motor; the bottom of the fertilizer storage hopper is movably communicated with the fertilizer mixing barrel; helical blades are transversely arranged in the fertilizer mixing barrel from front to back; the conveyor belt rotates around the concave groove and is used for conveying fertilizer; the fertilizing blades scrape off the fertilizer with high viscosity on the conveyor belt and apply the fertilizer to the ground surface through the bell mouth; the utility model mixes the farmyard manure and the chemical fertilizer in the storage hopper for the first time through the stirring blade, conveys the mixed fertilizer with high viscosity forwards through the spiral rotation of the mixed fertilizer barrel and the spiral blade, and simultaneously carries out secondary stirring and mixing on the mixed fertilizer; the mixed fertilizer is uniformly spread on the ground surface or in a fertilizing ditch through the fertilizing device, so that the problems of effective mixing of farmyard manure with high viscosity and chemical fertilizer and mechanical application of farmyard manure are effectively solved.

Description

A vehicle-mounted orchard fertilization equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to a vehicle-mounted orchard fertilization equipment, which belongs to the technical field of orchard fertilization.

Background technique

In recent years, with the adjustment of my country's agricultural planting structure, the area of densely planted orchards has continued to increase, and the problems of traditional orchard fertilization methods have become increasingly apparent. As one of the advantageous industries in my country's rural economic development, the apple industry has played an important role in the adjustment of my country's agricultural industry structure, increasing farmers' income and earning foreign exchange through export. Fertilizer application directly affects the growth and yield of fruit trees, and how to optimize fertilization in orchards has gradually received attention.

At present, the fertilization of orchards focuses on the application of chemical fertilizers, which leads to the increase of heavy metals and toxic elements in the orchard soil, nutrient imbalance, nitrate accumulation and soil acidification. Combined with my country's national conditions, farmyard manure has a wide range of sources and a large quantity, which is convenient for local materials and local use, and the cost is relatively low. The nutrients contained are relatively comprehensive. It not only contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but also contains calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, and some trace elements. The fertilizer effect is long and stable. In addition, the application of organic fertilizers is beneficial to promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, coordinate the ratio of air and water in the soil, loosen the soil, and increase the ability of water retention, heat preservation, ventilation, and fertilizer retention. The mixed application of chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure can fully supply the nutrients needed for crop growth. Chemical fertilizer is characterized by high nutrient content, fast fertilizer effect and short duration, and relatively single nutrient; most agricultural organic fertilizers are complete fertilizers, but low nutrient content and slow fertilizer effect And the duration is long. Therefore, the mixed application of chemical fertilizers and agricultural organic fertilizers can complement each other. Mixed fertilization can reduce the fixation of nutrients and improve fertilizer efficiency. After chemical fertilizers are applied to the soil, some nutrients will be absorbed or fixed by the soil, thereby reducing the effectiveness of nutrients. If mixed with farmyard manure, the contact surface between chemical fertilizers and soil can be reduced , thereby reducing the chance of being fixed by the soil. Mixed application can preserve, reduce loss, and improve the conditions for crops to absorb nutrients. Chemical fertilizers have high solubility, which will cause high osmotic pressure on the soil after application, which will affect the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, which will increase the chance of nutrient loss. If mixed with farmyard manure, this disadvantage can be avoided. Mixed application can adjust soil acidity and alkalinity and improve soil structure. Farmyard manure is the raw material for the life of microorganisms, and chemical fertilizers provide inorganic nutrients for the growth and development of microorganisms. The combination of the two can promote the activities of microorganisms, and then promote the decomposition of organic fertilizers.

After the "National Rural Biogas Development 13th Five-Year Plan" was put forward, rural biogas has realized the resource utilization of agricultural and rural organic waste such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, and organic waste, but the large amount of biogas produced is difficult to realize mechanized application , leading to the ineffective use of farm manure such as biogas manure. Because farmyard manure such as biogas manure is made of human and animal manure, kitchen waste (leftovers), manure, green manure, compost and retting manure, etc., the composition of farmyard manure is complex, irregular in shape, and high in viscosity. It is difficult to realize sufficient mixing with chemical fertilizers with existing fertilization machinery, and it is difficult to realize mechanized application.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problem that the current fertilization method cannot realize the effective utilization of farmyard manure, the utility model provides a vehicle-mounted orchard fertilization equipment, which can solve the problem that existing farmyard manure is difficult to realize mechanized application during the growth process of fruit trees, it is difficult to mix farmyard manure with fertilizer, and it is difficult to apply chemical fertilizers. Too much lead to environmental pollution, soil deterioration and other problems.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A vehicle-mounted orchard fertilization equipment comprises a fertilizer storage device, a fertilizer mixing device, a fertilization device and a mobile chassis.

The fertilizer storage device includes a fertilizer storage hopper, a stirring blade and a stirring blade drive motor; the fertilizer storage hopper is funnel-shaped, and the inside of the fertilizer storage hopper is equipped with a stirring blade through a stirring shaft; the stirring shaft is connected to the stirring blade driving motor; the bottom of the fertilizer storage hopper is connected to the mixer The fertilizer cylinder can be moved and connected to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the fertilizer storage bucket and the fertilizer mixing cylinder.

The fertilizer mixing device includes a fertilizer mixing cylinder, a helical blade and a helical blade drive motor; the fertilizer mixing cylinder is cylindrical and arranged parallel to the ground; the mixing shaft is arranged parallel to the fertilizer mixing bucket; the mixing fertilizer The rear end of the fertilizer cylinder is open, the front end is closed and the screw blade drive motor is fixed; the inside of the mixed fertilizer bucket is provided with spiral blades in the front and rear directions; the front end of the screw blade is connected to the screw blade drive motor; the screw blade drive motor drives the screw blade to rotate 360° The fertilizer is conveyed backward, and the stirring and mixing of the fertilizer is completed.

The fertilization device includes a concave groove, a square bell mouth, a transmission belt, a belt drive motor, a fertilization blade and a fertilization blade drive motor; the upper end of the concave groove is located directly below the rear end of the fertilizer mixing cylinder to receive the fertilizer output from the fertilizer mixing cylinder; The lower end of the concave groove is inclined downward and is connected with a square bell mouth, which is used as a fertilizer spreading port; the upper and lower parts of the concave groove are respectively installed with a driving shaft and a driven shaft; a conveyor belt is installed in the concave groove and the conveyor belt is looped on the driving shaft and the driven shaft Above; one end of the driving shaft is connected to a belt-driven motor; the belt-driven motor drives the driving shaft to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt to rotate around the concave groove. The conveyor belt is used to transport fertilizers to avoid accumulation of viscous fertilizers in the concave groove; two vertical support frames are symmetrically arranged on the groove walls on both sides of the concave groove near the side of the square bell mouth, and the two ends of the fertilization blade shaft are fixed on the two sides. the top of a vertical support frame; the fertilizing blade rotating shaft is evenly connected to the fertilizing blade along its circumferential direction, and the length of the fertilizing blade is equal to the distance from the fertilizing blade rotating shaft to the bottom of the concave groove; the fertilizing blade is used to scrape off the viscous fertilizer on the conveyor belt, Apply to the surface through the bell mouth. One end of the rotating shaft of the fertilizing blade is connected with the driving motor of the fertilizing blade.

The mobile chassis is composed of a vehicle frame and four wheels installed at the bottom of the vehicle frame; the vehicle frame is used to place a fertilizer storage device, a fertilizer mixing device and a fertilization device.

Preferably, the vehicle frame is composed of a front frame and a rear frame that can be flexibly connected; the front and rear overall length and the left and right overall width of the vehicle frame can be adjusted, and the width and length can be adjusted according to the row spacing of fruit trees; the wheels are connected through the The arm is installed at the bottom of the frame, and the height of the connecting arm is adjustable to adjust the distance between the chassis and the ground; the longitudinal frame and the transverse frame of the front frame and the rear frame are movably connected by inserting rods and rod sleeves ; There are a plurality of limit holes on the insertion rod, and positioning holes corresponding to the limit holes on the insertion rod are provided on the rod sleeve; align the positioning holes with the corresponding limit holes, Fixed with the pin shaft used in conjunction with the limiting hole and the positioning hole, the front and rear of the vehicle frame can be adjusted in length or the left and right can be adjusted in width, which is convenient for walking between rows in the orchard; the connecting arm is also limited by the belt. The insertion rod of the positioning hole and the rod sleeve with the positioning hole are connected to the bottom of the frame, and the different positioning holes and positioning holes are fixed by the pin shaft, which is used to adjust the gap between the mobile chassis and the ground, and improve the stability of the mobile chassis on uneven ground. through performance.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model firstly mixes the farmyard manure and the chemical fertilizer in the storage hopper through the stirring blades, then spirally rotates the mixed fertilizer with high viscosity through the mixing fertilizer cylinder and the spiral blade, and at the same time, performs secondary stirring on the mixed fertilizer mix. The mixed fertilizer is uniformly spread on the ground surface or in the fertilization ditch by the fertilization device. The utility model solves the problems of effective mixing of farmyard manure with high viscosity and chemical fertilizer and mechanized application of farmyard manure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fertilizer storage device, fertilizer mixing device and fertilization device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Fertilizer storage bucket, 2. Stirring blade drive motor, 3. Helical blade drive motor, 4. Front traction frame, 5. Wheels, 6. Frame, 7. Belt drive motor, 8. Fertilization blade drive motor Shaft, 9. Square bell mouth, 10. Fertilization blade, 11. Fertilization blade shaft, 12. Conveyor belt, 13. Car rear carrier, 14. Fertilizer mixing cylinder, 15. Stirring blade, 16. Bearing, 17. Stirring shaft , 18. Flange 1, 19. Flange 2, 20. Coupling, 21 Sewage outlet, 22. Bolt, 23. Spiral blade, 24. Connecting plate, 25. Bolt hole, 26. Driven shaft, 27. Support frame, 28. Fertilization blade driving motor, 29. Concave groove, 30. Active rotating shaft.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The undescribed technical features of the utility model can be realized by or adopting the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

In the utility model, the helical blade, the driving motor, etc. can be purchased commercially.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1-2, the utility model provides a vehicle-mounted orchard fertilization equipment, including a fertilizer storage device, a fertilizer mixing device, a fertilization device, and a mobile chassis. The fertilizer storage device includes a fertilizer storage bucket 1 , a stirring blade 15 , and a driving motor 2 for the stirring blade. The fertilizer storage bucket 1 is in the shape of an iron funnel. Two through holes are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the fertilizer storage bucket. Bearings 16 are respectively installed in the two through holes. Welding stirring blade 15 on 17. The stirring shaft 17 is arranged parallel to the fertilizer mixing cylinder 14; the stirring shaft 17 is driven by the stirring blade motor 2, and the stirring blade driving motor 2 is fixed on the wall of the fertilizer storage bucket 1 with bolts. The bottom of the fertilizer storage bucket 1 is movably connected to the top of the fertilizer mixing tube 14; for example, the bottom of the fertilizer storage bucket 1 is welded with a flange one 18, and the top of the fertilizer mixing bucket 14 is equipped with a flange two 19, a flange one 18 and a flange Disk two 19 are connected with bolts, which is convenient for the disassembly and maintenance of the fertilizer storage bucket 1 and the fertilizer mixing tube 14.

The fertilizer mixing device includes a fertilizer mixing cylinder 14 , a screw blade 23 and a drive motor 3 . The fertilizer mixing tube 14 is an iron cylinder, the rear end of the fertilizer mixing tube is open as a fertilizer outlet, and the front end is closed and fixed with a screw blade drive motor 3 . The helical blade 23 is horizontally placed in the fertilizer mixing cylinder 14 and driven to rotate by the helical blade driving motor 3, and has and completes functions such as stirring and mixing the fertilizer during the fertilizer conveying process.

The fertilization device includes a concave groove 29 , a square bell mouth 9 , a transmission belt 12 , a belt drive motor 7 , fertilization blades 10 and a fertilization blade drive motor 28 . The upper end of the concave groove 29 and the open outlet at the rear end of the fertilizer mixing tube 14 are connected by bolts through the connecting plate 24; The 29 lower ends are inclined downward and are welded with a square bell mouth 9, which is used as a fertilizer sprinkling mouth. The conveyor belt is installed close to the bottom in the concave groove 29; the front and rear ends of the concave groove 29 are respectively perforated to install the driving shaft 30 and the driven shaft 26, and the transmission belt 12 is looped on the driving shaft 30 and the driven shaft 29; Bell mouth 9 one ends are driven rotating shaft 26, and the other end is driving rotating shaft 30, and driving rotating shaft 30 one ends are fixedly connected with belt drive motor 7, to drive driving rotating shaft 30, drive conveyer belt 12 to surround around concave groove 29 bottoms, with The fertilizer dropped from the outlet of the fertilizer tube 14 rear end is transported to the square bell mouth 9, avoiding that the fertilizer with high viscosity is piled up in the concave groove 29. Two vertical support frames 27 are symmetrically welded on the left and right sides of the concave groove 29 one end near the square bell mouth 9, and the fertilization blade rotating shaft 11 is installed between the two support frames 27, and the fertilizing blade rotating shaft 11 is arranged along its circumference. Direction evenly installs three fertilizing blades 10 (the number of fertilizing blades can be determined according to), the length of fertilizing blade 10 equals the distance from fertilizing blade rotating shaft 11 to concave 29 groove bottoms; Scrape off and spread to the ground surface through the square bell mouth 9; one end of the fertilization blade rotating shaft 11 is fixedly connected with the fertilization blade drive motor 28; The chassis connection is more stable.

Described mobile chassis is made up of vehicle frame 6 and four wheels 5 that are installed on the bottom of vehicle frame; Described vehicle frame 6 front ends are provided with headstock traction frame 4, and traction frame is provided with bolt hole, is convenient to be connected with tractor (as tractor ). The rear end of the vehicle frame 6 is provided with a rear support frame 13 for carrying the fertilization device. The fertilizer mixing device is connected and fixed on the vehicle frame 6 by bolts 22 . Four wheels 5 are installed at the bottom of the vehicle frame 6, which is convenient for the complete machine to move. In the present utility model, the vehicle frame 6 may be fixed as a whole, or may preferably be composed of a front frame and a rear frame that are movably connected; when composed of a front frame and a rear frame that may be movably connected, the The front and rear overall length and the left and right overall width of the frame 6 are adjustable, and the width and length can be adjusted according to the row spacing of fruit trees; the wheels 5 are installed on the bottom of the frame 6 through connecting arms, and the height of the connecting arms is adjustable to adjust the mobile chassis and the ground. Pitch. The adjustment of the front and rear overall length of the vehicle frame 6 and the left and right overall width can be realized by relying on the prior art: as: between the front vehicle frame and the rear vehicle frame, the longitudinal vehicle frame and the horizontal vehicle frame are all passed through the insertion rod and the rod sleeve Movable connection: the insertion rod is provided with a plurality of limit holes, the rod cover is provided with positioning holes corresponding to the limit holes on the insertion rod, and is provided with the position-limiting holes. The pin shaft used in conjunction with the hole and the positioning hole; after the overall length and width of the frame are determined, the positioning hole is aligned with the corresponding limit hole and fixed with the pin shaft, so that the front and rear of the frame can be adjusted in length or left and right. The width of the orchard is convenient for walking between the rows of the orchard; the connecting arm is also connected to the bottom of the frame through the insertion rod with the limit hole and the rod sleeve with the positioning hole, and the different limit holes and positioning holes are fixed by the pin shaft. It is used to adjust the gap between the mobile chassis and the ground, and improve the passing performance of the mobile chassis on uneven ground.

During use, farm manure such as marsh manure and chemical fertilizer are poured into the fertilizer storage hopper 1, and the stirring blade drive motor 2 in the fertilizer storage hopper 1 drives the stirring blade 15 to mix the fertilizer in the fertilizer storage hopper 1 for the first time; 1. The bottom is movably connected with the top of the fertilizer mixing tube 14. Due to the effect of gravity, the fertilizer stirred by the stirring blade 15 falls into the fertilizer mixing tube 14. The helical blade driving motor 3 drives the helical blade 23 through the coupling 20 to fully mix the fertilizer entering the fertilizer mixing cylinder 14, and under the rotation of the helical blade 23, the fertilizer is pushed to the outlet at the rear end of the fertilizer mixing cylinder 14 during the mixing process; The fertilizer discharged from the fertilizer mixing cylinder 14 enters the concave groove 29 of the fertilization device, and the fertilizer falls on the transmission belt 12 at the bottom of the concave groove 29; the belt drive motor 8 drives the driving shaft 30, and the driving shaft 30 drives the transmission belt 12 to loop around the bottom of the concave groove 29 Rotate, drive fertilizer to the square bell mouth 9 motions of rear end. Two vertical support frames 17 are welded at the junction of the square bell mouth 9 and the concave groove 29, and the fertilization blade rotating shaft 11 is installed on the support frame 27, and the fertilization blade 10 is welded on the fertilization blade rotating shaft 11, and the fertilization blade 10 will transfer the viscous large Fertilizer is scraped off and sprinkled onto the ground or into fertilization trenches. The upper end of the concave groove 29 of the fertilizing device is connected with the open end of the fertilizer mixing tube 14 by a connecting plate 24 with bolts. The fertilizer mixing device is connected and fixed on the vehicle frame 6 by bolts 22 . The vehicle frame 6 one end of described mobile chassis is provided with headstock traction frame 4, is provided with bolt hole on the headstock traction frame 4, is convenient to be connected with tractor (as tractor), can realize moving between fruit tree rows by tractor traction. The overall length and width of the vehicle frame 6 and the height of the mobile chassis are adjusted through the relative positions of the limit holes and the positioning holes on the vehicle frame 6, so as to adapt to different row spacings of fruit trees and improve the passing performance of the chassis on uneven ground.

In the utility model, the stirring blade driving motor 2, the spiral blade driving motor 3, the belt driving motor 7, the fertilizing blade driving motor 28, etc. can be connected with the existing single-chip microcomputer, and the whole device is set by the single-chip microcomputer to realize start-stop control. It can be realized, and the electrical connection relationship and specific circuit structure thereof will not be repeated here.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A vehicle-mounted orchard fertilizing device is characterized by comprising a fertilizer storage device, a fertilizer mixing device, a fertilizing device and a movable chassis;

the fertilizer storage device comprises a fertilizer storage hopper, a stirring blade and a stirring blade driving motor; the fertilizer storage hopper is funnel-shaped, and stirring blades are arranged in the fertilizer storage hopper through a stirring rotating shaft; the stirring rotating shaft is connected with a stirring blade driving motor; the bottom of the fertilizer storage hopper is movably communicated with the top of the fertilizer mixing barrel;

the fertilizer mixing device comprises a fertilizer mixing barrel, a helical blade and a helical blade driving motor; the rear end of the fertilizer mixing cylinder is open, and the front end of the fertilizer mixing cylinder is closed and is fixedly provided with a helical blade driving motor; helical blades are transversely arranged in the fertilizer mixing barrel from front to back; the front end of the helical blade is connected with a helical blade driving motor; the spiral blade driving motor drives the spiral blade to rotate for 360 degrees, so that the fertilizer is conveyed backwards, and the fertilizer is stirred and mixed;

the fertilizing device comprises a concave groove, a square horn mouth, a conveying belt, a belt driving motor, a fertilizing blade and a fertilizing blade driving motor; the upper end of the concave groove is positioned right below the rear end of the fertilizer mixing cylinder to receive fertilizer output by the fertilizer mixing cylinder; the lower end of the concave groove is obliquely arranged downwards and is connected with a square horn mouth to be used as a fertilizer spreading mouth; the upper part and the lower part of the concave groove are respectively provided with a driving rotating shaft and a driven rotating shaft; a conveying belt is arranged in the concave groove and is sleeved on the driving rotating shaft and the driven rotating shaft; one end of the driving rotating shaft is connected with a belt driving motor; the belt driving motor drives the driving rotating shaft to rotate, so that the conveying belt is driven to rotate around the concave groove to convey the fertilizer; two vertical supporting frames are symmetrically arranged on the two side groove walls close to one side of the square horn mouth below the concave groove, and two ends of a rotating shaft of the fertilizing blade are fixed at the tops of the two vertical supporting frames; the fertilizing blade rotating shaft is uniformly connected with the fertilizing blades along the circumferential direction of the fertilizing blade rotating shaft; the fertilizing blade is used for scraping off the fertilizer with high viscosity on the conveying belt and applying the fertilizer to the ground surface through the bell mouth; one end of the fertilizing blade rotating shaft is connected with a fertilizing blade driving motor;

the movable chassis consists of a frame and four wheels arranged at the bottom of the frame; the frame is used for placing the fertilizer storage device, the fertilizer mixing device and the fertilizer applying device; the fertilizer storage device is positioned at the front part of the frame; the fertilizer mixing device is positioned in the middle of the frame; the fertilizing device is positioned at the rear end of the frame.

2. The vehicle-mounted orchard fertilizing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer mixing cylinder is cylindrical and is arranged parallel to the ground.

3. The vehicle-mounted orchard fertilizing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the length of the fertilizing blades is equal to the distance from the rotating shaft of the fertilizing blades to the bottom of the concave groove.

4. The vehicle-mounted orchard fertilizing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the frame is formed by a front frame and a rear frame movably connected; the front and rear integral length and the left and right integral width of the frame are adjustable; the wheels are arranged at the bottom of the frame through a connecting arm, and the height of the connecting arm is adjustable so as to adjust the distance between the chassis and the ground.

5. The vehicle-mounted orchard fertilizing equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the longitudinal frames and the transverse frames of the front frame and the rear frame are movably connected through the inserted link and the link sleeve; the inserted rod is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, the rod sleeve is provided with a positioning hole corresponding to the limiting hole on the inserted rod, and the limiting hole and the positioning hole are fixed through a pin shaft used in a matched manner; the connecting arm is connected with the bottom of the frame through an inserted rod with a limiting hole and a rod sleeve with a positioning hole, and different limiting holes and positioning holes are fixed through a pin shaft to adjust the gap between the movable chassis and the ground.