CN115008856A - Preparation equipment and method of multilayer foil metal matrix composite material - Google Patents
Preparation equipment and method of multilayer foil metal matrix composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115008856A CN115008856A CN202210719397.4A CN202210719397A CN115008856A CN 115008856 A CN115008856 A CN 115008856A CN 202210719397 A CN202210719397 A CN 202210719397A CN 115008856 A CN115008856 A CN 115008856A
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- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical class [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/018—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation device of a multilayer foil metal matrix composite, which comprises a sealing hot-pressing system (5) and a metal foil edge sealing system (4), wherein the sealing hot-pressing system (5) comprises a heating system and a sealing inner cabin (505), the sealing hot-pressing system (5) carries out hot-pressing forming on two or more metal foils so as to form metallurgical bonding on the contact surfaces of the adjacent metal foils, the metal foil edge sealing system (4) comprises an edge sealing pressure head (401), and the edge sealing pressure head (401) can carry out hot-pressing edge sealing on the peripheries of the two or more metal foils so as to form airtight connection along the peripheries of the adjacent metal foils. The invention also provides a preparation method of the multilayer foil metal matrix composite. The preparation equipment and the preparation method of the invention reduce the processing cost of the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material and improve the performance and the reliability of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to equipment and a method for preparing a multilayer foil metal matrix composite, in particular to equipment and a method for preparing a multilayer foil metal matrix composite by hot press molding.
Background
The metal matrix composite material with special performance can be prepared by performing special surface modification treatment on two surfaces of a metal foil, such as film deposition or coating, and then stacking and then pressing the surface-modified multilayer metal matrix foils at high temperature to form an integrated structure, so that the film or the coating and the like are uniformly distributed in a metal matrix in a sheet structure.
In order to realize interlayer metallurgical bonding in the material, in the prior art, a press with large pressure is needed to prepare the composite material by a traditional hot-pressing composite mode, and the equipment is large and has a complex structure.
For example, patent document CN113787788A discloses a graphene/metal composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof, which specifically include the following steps: coating an organic carbon source on a metal foil, and folding and rolling to form an intermediate piece in which the organic carbon source and the metal foil are alternately laminated; and reducing and hot-pressing sintering the intermediate piece to obtain the graphene/metal composite material.
For example, patent document CN110126372A discloses a method for preparing a copper-clad plate with a multilayer metal foil layer structure, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a prepreg; s2, preparing a multilayer metal foil layer: overlapping the copper layer and the alloy layer to form an overlapping layer, and putting the overlapping layer into a rolling mill for composite rolling to obtain a multilayer metal foil layer; s3, preparing a multilayer metal foil layer structure copper-clad plate: and overlapping the prepregs, covering the multi-layer metal foil layer on one side or two sides, and performing hot-pressing compounding on the prepregs covered with the multi-layer metal foil layer to obtain the copper-clad plate with the multi-layer metal foil layer structure.
However, in the prior art, the applicant finds that, with the increase of the volume (pressure bearing area and thickness) of the material, no matter how large a press is used, the pressure cannot uniformly penetrate between layers of the multilayer metal foil, the closer to the inner layer, the poorer the interlayer bonding effect is, the lower the material performance is, and finally the required impurity performance of the composite material is lost. In addition, the traditional hot pressing mode generally heats the whole furnace in a high vacuum environment, the unit production energy consumption is high, after the hot pressing compounding is finished, the furnace can be opened to take materials after the hot pressing furnace is cooled to be below 100 ℃, and the production efficiency is extremely low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide equipment and a method for preparing a multilayer foil metal matrix composite material, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for manufacturing a multilayer foil metal matrix composite, including a sealing hot-pressing system and a metal foil edge sealing system, where the sealing hot-pressing system includes a temperature raising system and a sealing inner chamber, the sealing hot-pressing system hot-presses two or more metal foils to form a metallurgical bond on contact surfaces of the adjacent metal foils, and the metal foil edge sealing system includes an edge sealing press head, and the edge sealing press head can hot-press and edge seal peripheries of the two or more metal foils to form an airtight connection between the adjacent metal foils along the peripheries.
Further, the hot-pressing device comprises a pressing head, wherein the pressing head can compress the gas in the sealed inner chamber to working pressure so as to hot-press and mold the metal foil.
Further, the hydraulic press is further included, and the hydraulic press drives the pressure head.
Further, the pressure head is cylindrical, one or more than one sealing ring is arranged on the pressure head, and the sealing ring comprises one or more than one of a nodular cast iron sealing ring, a nylon sealing ring and a silicon rubber sealing ring.
Further, a sealing ring mounting notch is formed in the pressure head, the sealing ring is mounted in the sealing ring mounting notch, and the sealing ring mounting notch is of a dovetail groove structure.
Furthermore, the pressure head is provided with a plurality of nodular cast iron sealing rings, a plurality of nylon sealing rings and a plurality of silicon rubber sealing rings from bottom to top in sequence.
Further, the sealing and hot-pressing system further comprises a hatch and a hatch door, wherein the hatch door is a lateral slide valve, and when the lateral slide valve is in a closed state, the lateral slide valve is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sealing inner cabin.
Further, the metal foil edge sealing system further comprises an edge sealing pressure rod, and the edge sealing pressure rod is connected to and drives the edge sealing pressure head.
Further, the temperature raising system includes a hot plate which is brought into contact with the metal foil to heat the metal foil and maintain the metal foil at a temperature to be processed.
Further, the hot plate is a graphite hot plate.
Further, the temperature raising system comprises an electrode, a thermocouple and a heat preservation layer, wherein the electrode is electrically connected with the hot plate, the thermocouple is in contact with the hot plate, the metal foil is placed on a first surface of the hot plate, and the heat preservation layer is located on a second surface, opposite to the first surface, of the hot plate.
The metal foil edge sealing system is used for carrying out hot-pressing edge sealing operation on the metal foil, and the vacuum outer cabin is used for maintaining required vacuum.
Further, the vacuum outer chamber comprises a feeding chamber and a discharging chamber, the feeding chamber is provided with a feeding chamber gate valve, the discharging chamber is provided with a discharging chamber gate valve, a conveying mechanism is further arranged in the vacuum outer chamber, and the conveying mechanism is used for conveying materials among the feeding chamber, the discharging chamber and the sealed inner chamber.
The high-pressure gas transition cabin and the vacuum transition cabin are respectively connected with the sealed inner cabin through a first two-way valve and a second two-way valve, the high-pressure gas transition cabin stores inert gas with the pressure of more than 5MPa, and the vacuum transition cabin maintains the vacuum degree of not more than 10 Pa.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a multi-layer foil metal-based composite material is provided, which includes one or more than one hot pressing cycle, and the hot pressing cycle includes a hot pressing and edge sealing step, in which four sides of two or more than two metal foils are hot pressed and sealed in a vacuum state, so that the adjacent metal foils are metallurgically compounded along the four sides, and a high vacuum environment in a sealed state is formed inside the adjacent metal foils.
Further, in the hot-press compounding step, the metal foil is hot-press molded by means of high-pressure gas at a working pressure of 20-100 MPa.
Further, in the thermal press-compounding step, the gas is compressed using a ram to raise the gas pressure to the working pressure.
Further, the gas is an inert gas.
Further, before the hot-pressing edge sealing step and the hot-pressing compounding step, a temperature rising step is further included, in which the metal foil is heated by using a hot plate in contact with the metal foil, so that the metal foil is maintained at a temperature to be processed.
Further, the metal foil is a copper foil subjected to surface layer modification, and the temperature to be treated is 700-1050 ℃.
Further, in the hot-press compounding step of each hot-press cycle, two pieces of the metal foil are hot-press molded, the preparation method of the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material comprises a plurality of hot-press cycles, and after the plurality of hot-press cycles, the preparation of the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material is completed.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, at least the following beneficial effects are obtained:
1. according to the invention, a layer-by-layer hot pressing processing mode of 'edge sealing and reheat pressing' is designed, so that each layer in the composite material has a good and uniform combination effect, and the finally obtained material has excellent performance and the uniformity is obviously improved;
2. according to the technical scheme, two metal foils are hot-pressed and molded in each hot pressing period, and multiple hot pressing periods are repeatedly carried out to prepare the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material, so that the molding mode enables the layers in the composite material to have good bonding effect, and the finally obtained material has excellent performance;
3. the graphite hot plate is electrically heated through the self resistance of the graphite hot plate, so that the multilayer metal foil placed on the graphite hot plate is heated, the heating efficiency is high, the hot area range is small, the energy consumption is remarkably reduced compared with that of a common hot pressing mode, the whole mechanical transmission mechanism runs at a low temperature, and the reliability of equipment is remarkably improved;
4. the method applies pressure in a gas mode, compared with a common hot pressing mode, the pressure is uniformly distributed on the whole interface of the metal foil, the pressure head is not in contact with the surface of the metal foil, the problem of high-temperature adhesion between the pressure head and the metal foil is solved, the interface state of the metal foil is not damaged, the interface metallurgical bonding effect of the composite material can be obviously improved, and the material performance is improved;
5. the process pressure is controlled by the compressed gas, compared with a common hot pressing mode, the total pressure requirement on a press can be greatly reduced, the equipment volume can be obviously reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced;
6. through the atmospheric pressure of control high-pressure gas transition cabin, vacuum transition cabin and vacuum outer cabin, can realize the quick switch-over of high-pressure gas and vacuum state in the sealed hot pressing room, production efficiency improves by a wide margin to inert gas is for recycling, and manufacturing cost further reduces.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a preparation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. the device comprises a vacuum outer chamber, 101, a feeding chamber, 102, a discharging chamber, 103, a feeding chamber gate valve, 104, a discharging chamber gate valve, 2, a conveying mechanism, 3, a pressure head, 4, a metal foil edge sealing system, 401, an edge sealing pressure head, 402, an edge sealing pressure rod, 5, a sealing hot-pressing system, 501, an electrode, 502, a hot plate, 503, a thermocouple, 504, a heat insulation layer, 505, a sealing inner chamber, 506, a hatch, 507, a chamber door, 6, a high-pressure gas transition chamber, 601, a first two-way valve, 7, a vacuum transition chamber, 701 and a second two-way valve.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Examples1
A multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation device is shown in the attached figure 1, and mainly comprises the following systems:
a vacuum outer chamber 1, a conveying mechanism 2, a pressure head 3 (other parts of the hydraulic system are not shown), a metal foil edge sealing system 4, a sealing hot-pressing system 5, a high-pressure gas transition chamber 6 and a vacuum transition chamber 7.
Sealed hot pressing system
The sealing hot-pressing system 5 comprises a heating system and a sealing inner chamber 505, the sealing hot-pressing system 5 carries out hot-pressing forming on two or more than two metal foils so as to form metallurgical bonding on the contact surfaces of the adjacent metal foils, the metal foil edge sealing system 4 comprises an edge sealing press head 401, and the edge sealing press head 401 can carry out hot-pressing edge sealing on the peripheries of the two or more than two metal foils so as to form air-tight connection between the adjacent metal foils along the peripheries. The metal foil edge banding system 4 may further comprise a pressure applying unit, and the pressure power source may be provided by mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure.
Further, the temperature raising system includes a hot plate 502, and the hot plate 502 is in contact with the metal foil to heat the metal foil and maintain the metal foil at a temperature to be processed.
Further, the thermal plate 502 is a graphite thermal plate.
Further, the sealing and thermocompression system 5 further comprises a hatch 506 and a hatch 507, wherein the hatch 507 is a side slide valve, and when the side slide valve is in a closed state, the side slide valve abuts against the inner wall of the sealing inner chamber 505.
In particular, the outer layer of the side slide valve is provided with a certain number of round rectangular sealing rings;
preferably, the seal ring mounting groove of the lateral slide valve is of a dovetail groove structure.
Further, the temperature raising system comprises an electrode 501, a thermocouple 503 and an insulating layer 504, wherein the electrode 501 is electrically connected with the hot plate 502, the thermocouple 503 is kept in contact with the hot plate 502, the metal foil is placed on a first surface of the hot plate 502, and the insulating layer 504 is located on a second surface, opposite to the first surface, of the hot plate 502.
Specifically, the electrode 501 is a vacuum electrode.
Metal foil edge sealing system
The metal foil edge sealing system 4 further comprises an edge sealing pressure lever 402, wherein the edge sealing pressure lever 402 is connected to the edge sealing pressure head 401 and drives the edge sealing pressure head 401.
Pressure head
Further, a pressing head 3 is included, and the pressing head 3 can compress the gas in the sealed inner chamber 505 to the working pressure so as to hot-press-mold the metal foil.
Further, the device also comprises a hydraulic machine which drives the pressure head 3.
Further, the pressure head 3 is cylindrical, and the pressure head 3 is provided with one or more sealing rings, wherein the sealing rings comprise one or more of a nodular cast iron sealing ring, a nylon sealing ring and a silicon rubber sealing ring.
Further, a sealing ring installation notch is formed in the pressure head 3, the sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring installation notch, and the sealing ring installation notch is of a dovetail groove structure.
Further, the pressure head 3 is provided with a plurality of ductile cast iron sealing rings, a plurality of nylon sealing rings and a plurality of silicon rubber sealing rings from bottom to top in sequence.
The sealed hot-pressing system 5 (comprising an electrode 501, a hot plate 02, a thermocouple 503, an insulating layer 504, a sealed inner chamber 505, a hatch 506 and a hatch 507) and the pressure head 3 jointly form a sealed space for hot pressing.
Vacuum outer chamber
Further, the vacuum outer chamber 1 is further included, the sealing hot-pressing system 5 and the metal foil edge sealing system 4 are both located inside the vacuum outer chamber 1, and when the metal foil edge sealing system 4 performs hot-pressing edge sealing operation on the metal foil, the vacuum outer chamber 1 maintains the required vacuum. The vacuum outer compartment 1 is maintained under vacuum by a vacuum pump unit.
Further, the vacuum outer chamber 1 comprises two material transition chambers, namely a feeding chamber 101 and a discharging chamber 102, wherein the feeding chamber 101 is provided with a feeding chamber gate valve 103, and the discharging chamber 102 is provided with a discharging chamber gate valve 104. The feeding and discharging are separately controlled by the feeding compartment gate valve 103 and the discharging compartment gate valve 104, and the whole vacuum outer chamber 1 is kept in a high vacuum state in the whole production process.
Conveying mechanism
The vacuum outer chamber 1 is also provided with a conveying mechanism 2, and the conveying mechanism 2 conveys materials among the feeding chamber 101, the discharging chamber 102 and the sealed inner chamber 505. The transport mechanism 2 is mainly composed of a plurality of clamps provided with a bidirectional moving mechanism, and the clamps perform the feeding action of the metal foil and the action of the graphite hot plate entering and exiting the sealing hot-pressing system.
Alternatively, the transfer mechanism 2 is mainly composed of a robot arm having a three-dimensional movement mechanism and a jig, and performs a metal foil feeding operation and a graphite hot plate moving in and out of the sealing and hot-pressing system.
High-pressure gas transition cabin and vacuum transition cabin
Further, the device also comprises a high-pressure gas transition cabin 6 and a vacuum transition cabin 7, wherein the high-pressure gas transition cabin 6 and the vacuum transition cabin 7 are respectively connected with the sealed inner cabin 505 through a first two-way valve 601 and a second two-way valve 701, the high-pressure gas transition cabin 7 stores inert gas with the pressure of more than 5MPa, preferably argon with the pressure of 10MPa, and the vacuum transition cabin 6 maintains the vacuum degree of not more than 10Pa, preferably maintains the vacuum degree of not more than 5Pa for the inner length.
Specifically, the first two-way valve 601 is a high pressure isolation valve, and the second two-way valve 701 is a vacuum isolation valve.
Under the condition of the prior art, if the stress requirement of the common hot-pressing process is delta (MPa), the bearing area of the hot-pressing composite material is S (cm) 2 ) If the total pressure of the press is required to be F ═ delta × S (Kg);
the pressure-bearing area of the pressure head is s, and if the stress delta required by the preparation of the composite material needs to be maintained, the total pressure requirement of the press is corrected to be F ═ delta × s.
Under the conventional process condition, a sample of 300X 300mm is compositely pressed, if the required pressure reaches 50MPa, the total pressure required by the press is 450 tons, the section size of the press head 3 is phi 200mm, when the pressure reaches 50MPa, the total pressure requirement is 157 tons, which is far less than the level of common hot-pressing equipment, and if the stroke of the press head is increased, the total pressure can be further reduced.
Examples2
A method of making a multi-layer foil metal matrix composite using the equipment described in example 1, comprising one or more hot pressing cycles comprising a sequential warming step S2, a hot press edge sealing step S3, and a hot press lamination step S4.
Optionally, before the temperature raising step, a vacuum pumping step S1 is further included, and after the thermal compression compounding step, a post-processing step S5 is further included.
S1, vacuumizingMethod for preparing a Chinese medicinal composition：
Preferably, before the temperature raising step, a vacuum pumping step is further included.
Specifically, the lateral sliding valve of the sealed inner chamber is kept in an open state, and the vacuum outer chamber is vacuumized to the vacuum degree level required by the process. More specifically, the vacuum degree in the cabin is less than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa。
S2, temperature raising step：
In the temperature raising step, the metal foil is heated using a hot plate in contact with the metal foil so that the metal foil is maintained at a temperature to be processed.
Further, the metal foil is a copper foil subjected to surface layer modification, and the temperature to be treated is 700-1050 ℃. Specifically, the copper foil was simultaneously heated to 900 ℃.
Specifically, electrifying a graphite hot plate, and heating to a temperature to be treated, wherein two metal foils are pre-installed on the graphite hot plate; the graphite hot plate is electrified and is heated by depending on the resistance of the graphite hot plate, and the metal foil is tightly attached to the graphite hot plate and is synchronously heated, so that only the graphite hot plate and the metal foil in the whole sealed hot-pressing system are in a high-temperature state, other parts are in a cold state, and the energy consumption is remarkably reduced compared with that in a common hot-pressing mode.
More specifically, the equipment is used for carrying out high-temperature hot-pressing compounding on the surface modified copper foil to prepare a copper-based composite material with high conductivity, wherein the size of the copper foil is 300 multiplied by 0.025mm, the process temperature is 900 ℃, and the process pressure is 50 MPa.
S3, hot-pressing edge sealing step：
In the hot-pressing edge sealing step, the peripheries of two or more than two metal foils are subjected to hot-pressing edge sealing in a vacuum state, so that the adjacent metal foils form metallurgical composite along the peripheries, and the adjacent metal foils form a high-vacuum environment in a closed state.
Specifically, the concentration is less than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa vacuum state, pressing down the square annular pressure head of the metal foil edge sealing system, sealing the edges of the two tiled metal foils in vacuum state, and fixing the copper foilThe copper foil is prevented from moving in the process of ventilation or vacuum pumping.
S4, hot-pressing compounding step：
In the hot-press compounding step, two or more metal foils are hot-press molded, so that metallurgical bonding is formed on the contact surfaces of the adjacent metal foils.
Further, in the hot-press compounding step, the metal foil is hot-press molded by means of high-pressure gas at a working pressure of 20-100 MPa.
Further, in the thermal press-compounding step, the gas is compressed using a ram to raise the gas pressure to the working pressure.
Further, the gas is an inert gas.
Specifically, the hot-press compounding step comprises the following steps:
s4-1: closing a lateral slide valve in the sealed hot-pressing system, and applying certain pressure to the lateral slide valve so as to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the sealed inner chamber;
s4-2: the high-pressure isolating valve of the high-pressure gas transition cabin is opened, high-pressure inert gas of the high-pressure gas transition cabin quickly fills the whole sealed inner cabin, the gas reaches the initial set pressure, preferably, the gas pressure quickly reaches 10MPa within a few seconds, meanwhile, the lateral slide valve is pressed, and the sealing performance of the slide valve is improved;
s4-3: the press pushes down, according to the technology demand, the inert gas in the sealed hot pressing chamber is compressed, because the gas pressure is inversely proportional to the volume, therefore, along with the pushing down of the press, when the pressure head reaches the dotted line position, the air pressure rapidly rises to the technology pressure value, preferably, the technology pressure value is 50MPa, according to the technology demand, the press carries out repeated movement for a plurality of times in a single hot pressing period, so as to improve the metallurgical bonding degree of the double-layer copper foil interface, and improve the hot pressing composite effect. The interlayer of the two layers of metal foils is in a high vacuum atmosphere, high-pressure gas can directly act on the interface between the layers of the metal foils, and the original interface can generate micro deformation under the action of pressure, so that metallurgical bonding is promoted. Because the original metal foil is very small in thickness, the pressure attenuation of different parts can be ignored, and the pressure bearing of the whole metal foil interface can be ensured to be uniform.
Under the conventional process condition, a sample with the pressure-bearing section of 300 multiplied by 300mm is compositely pressed, if the pressure-bearing section needs to reach 50MPa, the total pressure needed by the press is 450 tons, the section size of the press head 3 is phi 200mm, when the pressure reaches 50MPa, the total pressure requirement is 157 tons, which is far smaller than the level of common hot-pressing equipment, and if the stroke of the press head is increased, the total pressure can be further reduced.
S5, post-processing step：
Specifically, the post-processing step includes the steps of:
s5-1: the pressure head is fixed at the maximum pressure application position, the high-pressure isolating valve is opened again, high-pressure gas is back filled into the high-pressure gas transition cabin, when the pressure is balanced, the high-pressure isolating valve is closed, and the pressure of 5-5 air pressure of the sealed inner cabin is reduced to 10MPa within a few seconds;
s5-2: the vacuum isolating valve is opened, residual gas in the sealed inner chamber flows into the transitional vacuum chamber, the space volume of the sealed inner chamber is far smaller than the volume of the transitional vacuum chamber, the internal vacuum degree of the sealed inner chamber rapidly reaches the level of the transitional vacuum chamber, and the vacuum isolating valve is closed when the internal pressure and the external pressure are balanced;
s5-3: the side slide valve of the sealing hot pressing system is opened, and the space volume of the sealing inner chamber is far smaller than that of the vacuum outer chamber, so that the vacuum degree of the sealing inner chamber quickly reaches the high vacuum level of the vacuum outer chamber, preferably, the vacuum degree quickly reaches less than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa；
S5-4: the clamp is loaded with a piece of metal foil, sent into the sealed inner cabin through the hatch and laid flat on the metal foil after hot pressing.
Further, in the hot-press compounding step of each hot-press cycle, two pieces of the metal foil are hot-press molded, the preparation method of the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material comprises a plurality of hot-press cycles, and after the plurality of hot-press cycles, the preparation of the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material is completed.
Specifically, the above steps S3, S4, S5 are repeated in actual machining.
Optionally, after the above steps are completed, the following steps may be further included:
s6: when the composite material with the required thickness is produced, the process is finished, the graphite hot plate is powered off, the clamp enters the sealed inner cabin from the hatch, the whole graphite hot plate is lifted, the graphite hot plate and the composite material on the graphite hot plate are moved out of the sealed inner cabin together, and the graphite hot plate and the composite material are sent into the discharging cabin; specifically, the step S6 can be performed when the composite material with a thickness of 5mm is processed, that is, after 199 hot pressing cycles;
s7: the clamp is loaded with a graphite hot plate on which two pieces of metal foil are pre-paved from a feeding cabin and is sent into a sealed inner cabin.
Repeating the steps S2-S7, and continuing the production of the next process segment;
s8: when the materials in the feeding cabin are used up, the gate valve of the feeding cabin is closed, the feeding cabin breaks vacuum, the cabin door of the feeding cabin is opened, and a certain amount of materials are loaded manually;
s9: when the discharging cabin is filled with materials, the gate valve of the discharging cabin is closed, the discharging cabin is broken to be vacuum, the cabin door is opened, the materials stored in the cabin door are manually moved out of the discharging cabin, the cabin door of the discharging cabin is closed, and the gate valve of the discharging cabin is opened.
Therefore, the whole continuous production process of the composite material is carried out, and in the whole production process, the whole process does not need manual intervention except feeding and discharging operations.
Furthermore, in order to improve the production efficiency and the equipment economy, a plurality of hydraulic systems, metal foil sealing systems, sealing hot-pressing systems, high-pressure gas transition cabins and vacuum transition cabins can be arranged in one vacuum outer cabin to form a production line layout.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve at least the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, a layer-by-layer hot pressing processing mode of 'edge sealing and reheat pressing' is designed, so that each layer in the composite material has a good and uniform combination effect, and the finally obtained material has excellent performance and the uniformity is obviously improved;
2. according to the technical scheme, two metal foils are hot-pressed and molded in each hot pressing period, and multiple hot pressing periods are repeatedly carried out to prepare the multilayer foil metal matrix composite material, so that the molding mode enables the layers in the composite material to have good bonding effect, and the finally obtained material has excellent performance;
3. the graphite hot plate is electrically heated through the self resistance of the graphite hot plate, so that the multilayer metal foil placed on the graphite hot plate is heated, the heating efficiency is high, the hot area range is small, the energy consumption is remarkably reduced compared with that of a common hot pressing mode, the whole mechanical transmission mechanism runs at a low temperature, and the reliability of equipment is remarkably improved;
4. the method applies pressure in a gas mode, compared with a common hot pressing mode, the pressure is uniformly distributed on the whole interface of the metal foil, the pressure head is not in contact with the surface of the metal foil, the problem of high-temperature adhesion between the pressure head and the metal foil is solved, the interface state of the metal foil is not damaged, the interface metallurgical bonding effect of the composite material can be obviously improved, and the material performance is improved;
5. the process pressure is controlled by the compressed gas, compared with a common hot pressing mode, the total pressure requirement on a press can be greatly reduced, the equipment volume can be obviously reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced;
6. through the atmospheric pressure of control high-pressure gas transition cabin, vacuum transition cabin and vacuum outer cabin, can realize the quick switch-over of high-pressure gas and vacuum state in the sealed hot pressing room, production efficiency improves by a wide margin to inert gas is for recycling, and manufacturing cost further reduces.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. The preparation equipment of the multilayer foil metal-based composite material is characterized by comprising a sealing hot-pressing system (5) and a metal foil edge sealing system (4), wherein the sealing hot-pressing system (5) comprises a heating system and a sealing inner cabin (505), the sealing hot-pressing system (5) carries out hot-pressing forming on two or more metal foils to enable adjacent metal foils to be in metallurgical bonding on contact surfaces, the metal foil edge sealing system (4) comprises an edge sealing pressure head (401), and the edge sealing pressure head (401) can carry out hot-pressing edge sealing on the periphery of the two or more metal foils to enable the adjacent metal foils to be in airtight connection along the periphery.
2. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite manufacturing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a ram (3), wherein the ram (3) is capable of compressing the gas in the sealed inner chamber (505) to an operating pressure to hot press mold the metal foil.
3. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation plant according to claim 2, further comprising a hydraulic press driving the ram (3).
4. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation rig according to claim 2, wherein the indenter (3) is cylindrical, the indenter (3) having one or more sealing rings thereon, the sealing rings comprising one or more of a ductile iron sealing ring, a nylon sealing ring, and a silicone rubber sealing ring.
5. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation equipment according to claim 4, wherein the indenter (3) is provided with a sealing ring mounting notch, the sealing ring is mounted in the sealing ring mounting notch, and the sealing ring mounting notch is of a dovetail groove structure.
6. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation equipment of claim 4, wherein the indenter (3) is provided with a plurality of ductile iron sealing rings, a plurality of nylon sealing rings and a plurality of silicone rubber sealing rings in this order from bottom to top.
7. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation plant according to claim 2, characterized in that said sealed autoclave system (5) further comprises a hatch (506) and a hatch door (507), said hatch door (507) being a lateral slide valve, said lateral slide valve abutting against the inner wall of said sealed inner compartment (505) when said lateral slide valve is in a closed state.
8. The multi-layer foil metal matrix composite manufacturing plant according to claim 1, wherein the metal foil edge sealing system (4) further comprises an edge sealing press bar (402), the edge sealing press bar (402) being connected to the edge sealing ram (401) and driving the edge sealing ram (401).
9. The multi-layer foil metal matrix composite production rig of any of claims 1-8, wherein the temperature raising system comprises a hot plate (502), the hot plate (502) being in contact with the metal foil to heat the metal foil and maintain the metal foil at a temperature to be processed.
10. The multi-layered foil metal matrix composite manufacturing equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein said hot plate (502) is a graphite hot plate.
11. The multi-layer foil metal matrix composite manufacturing apparatus of claim 10, wherein the temperature elevating system comprises an electrode (501), a thermocouple (503), and an insulation layer (504), the electrode (501) is electrically connected to the hot plate (502), the thermocouple (503) is in contact with the hot plate (502), the metal foil is placed on a first surface of the hot plate (502), and the insulation layer (504) is located on a second surface of the hot plate (502) opposite to the first surface.
12. The multi-layer foil metal matrix composite manufacturing plant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a vacuum enclosure (1), wherein the sealing and hot-pressing system (5) and the metal foil edge sealing system (4) are both located inside the vacuum enclosure (1), and wherein the vacuum enclosure (1) maintains a desired vacuum during the hot-pressing edge sealing operation of the metal foil by the metal foil edge sealing system (4).
13. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation plant according to claim 12, characterized in that the vacuum outer chamber (1) comprises a feed chamber (101) and a discharge chamber (102), the feed chamber (101) having a feed chamber gate valve (103), the discharge chamber (102) having a discharge chamber gate valve (104), and a transfer mechanism (2) being further arranged in the vacuum outer chamber (1), the transfer mechanism (2) transferring material between the feed chamber (101), the discharge chamber (102) and the sealed inner chamber (505).
14. The multilayer foil metal matrix composite preparation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a high pressure gas transition chamber (6) and a vacuum transition chamber (7), wherein the high pressure gas transition chamber (6) and the vacuum transition chamber (7) are respectively connected with the sealed inner chamber (505) through a first two-way valve (601) and a second two-way valve (701), the high pressure gas transition chamber (7) stores inert gas with pressure of 5MPa or more, and the vacuum transition chamber (6) maintains vacuum degree of not higher than 10 Pa.
15. A preparation method of a multilayer foil metal-based composite material comprises one or more than one hot pressing period, wherein the hot pressing period comprises a hot pressing compounding step, in the hot pressing compounding step, two or more than two metal foils are subjected to hot pressing forming, metallurgical bonding is formed on the contact surfaces of the adjacent metal foils, the hot pressing edge sealing step is further included before the hot pressing compounding step, in the hot pressing edge sealing step, the peripheries of the two or more than two metal foils are subjected to hot pressing edge sealing in a vacuum state, metallurgical compounding is formed on the peripheries of the adjacent metal foils, and a high vacuum environment in a closed state is formed inside the adjacent metal foils.
16. The method for preparing a multi-layered foil metal-based composite as claimed in claim 15, wherein the metal foil is hot-pressed by means of a high pressure gas at a working pressure of 20 to 100MPa in the hot press compounding step.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein in the step of hot press compounding, the gas is compressed using a ram to raise the gas pressure to the working pressure.
18. The method of making a multi-layered foil metal matrix composite as claimed in claim 17 wherein the gas is an inert gas.
19. The method of making a multi-layered foil metal matrix composite as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 18 further comprising a warming step prior to the hot press edge sealing step and the hot press compounding step, wherein the metal foil is heated using a hot plate in contact with the metal foil such that the metal foil is maintained at a temperature to be treated.
20. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the metal foil is a surface-modified copper foil, and the temperature of the treatment is 700-1050 ℃.
21. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the two metal foils are hot-pressed and formed in the hot-pressing and laminating step of each hot-pressing cycle, the method comprises a plurality of hot-pressing cycles, and the preparation of the multi-layered foil metal matrix composite is completed after the plurality of hot-pressing cycles.
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