CN115004993A - Tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and rapid drainage method - Google Patents
Tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and rapid drainage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115004993A CN115004993A CN202210783397.0A CN202210783397A CN115004993A CN 115004993 A CN115004993 A CN 115004993A CN 202210783397 A CN202210783397 A CN 202210783397A CN 115004993 A CN115004993 A CN 115004993A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/28—Raised beds; Planting beds; Edging elements for beds, lawn or the like, e.g. tiles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and a rapid drainage method, wherein the device comprises a tidal irrigation system, a seedbed, a power supply mechanism, a control mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a hoisting slide rail mechanism, a water level detection mechanism and a drainage outlet, wherein the tidal irrigation system comprises a tidal irrigation frame; the seedbed sets up in the tide irrigation frame, and lateral shifting mechanism sets up the one side at the tide irrigation frame to be connected with tide irrigation frame, seedbed, jack-up slide rail mechanism sets up the offside at lateral shifting mechanism, and is connected with the seedbed, and the outlet setting is at the offside of jack-up slide rail mechanism, and sets up the bottom at the seedbed, and water level detection mechanism sets up the top at the outlet, and control mechanism is connected with jack-up slide rail mechanism, water level detection mechanism, electrical source mechanism. The invention can control the amount of liquid medicine in a grading way in the drainage process of the seedbed, thereby improving the drainage efficiency of the seedbed and preventing plant diseases and insect pests and pollution caused by water accumulation of the seedbed; in addition, the operation of seedling culture is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tidal irrigation rapid drainage device and a rapid drainage method, and belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation and seedling experiment.
Background
In recent years, the tide irrigation technology researched by scholars at home and abroad takes 'tide rising and tide falling' as a principle, adopts an irrigation mode of irrigating from the bottom of seedling culture, can realize that water, fertilizer and nutrient solution are pumped into a seedbed when irrigation is needed, and are discharged from the seedbed after irrigation is finished. However, the traditional tidal irrigation seedbed has slow water inlet and drainage speed, and is only suitable for rice, corn, vegetables and flowers with short plants; for crops with thicker seedling plants, such as oranges, the seedling container is also different from the hole tray used for vegetables and flowers, and the characteristics of the root system, the plants and the seedling container provide new requirements for seedling machinery.
At present, the application of tidal irrigation in China has two aspects, namely, tidal irrigation is used for carrying out experiments in a laboratory, and the optimal irrigation parameters of specific crops are searched, wherein the optimal irrigation parameters comprise screening of matrixes, preparation of nutrient solution, irrigation frequency, immersion time, environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, illuminance) and the like; the other is the practical application in seedling cultivation such as citrus seedling. Two kinds of application methods all need to solve the seedling growing and look over and get put inconvenient, drainage speed is slow, ponding obvious scheduling problem.
Conventional tidal irrigation seedbeds are stationary, especially in multi-level tidal irrigation machines, which do not allow easy access to view and access the crops. Especially for crops with thicker seedling plants, such as citrus seedlings with a length of more than 30cm, the length of the citrus seedlings has large requirements on space, and the citrus seedlings are especially heavy than small-sized crops such as flowers and the like. Plants need illumination every day, and traditional seedbeds need to be taken out and placed additionally for illumination. Therefore, the seedbed can move freely to a certain degree, has important significance for taking, placing, adjusting and observing crops and absorbing illumination during seedling culture, and provides spatial conditions for realizing subsequent seedling culture and automatic gasification of taking and placing.
The existing tidal seedling raising equipment is widely applied to the cultivation of various crops, but the requirements of different crops on nutrient solution irrigation are greatly different. For example, the liquid level required for the cultivation of flowers is much lower than that of citrus. When applied to crops such as citrus seedlings, which require a large amount of nutrient solution, a large amount of liquid needs to be fed in and out every time of irrigation, which results in a great increase in the time for feeding in and out water. Even if to the less crop of nutrient solution demand, when retiring water, because the liquid level descends gradually, the bottom area of seedbed is great, just there is outlet water pressure less when liquid still persists more, even if under the condition that drainage pipe installed the water pump, drainage speed descends gradually, finally there is ponding in the seedbed. Experiments show that the traditional tidal irrigation seedbed and drainage mode have the problems of slow drainage speed, air and impurities sucked by a drainage pipeline, easiness in causing idling of a water pump and the like after the liquid level is lowered to a certain height, not only causes the conditions of long drainage time, large water accumulation, liquid medicine waste and easiness in overheating of the water pump, but also easily causes the generation of seedling germs and insect pests, retts roots (particularly the problem that the retts roots are easily generated on larger plants for citrus seedling raising), liquid deterioration and influences the seedling raising quality. Therefore, it is important to realize rapid drainage, especially to find the optimal parameters for tidal irrigation, and to precisely control the irrigation duration and the amount of nutrient solution.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the first object of the present invention is to overcome the problem of the prior art that the drainage efficiency of tidal irrigation seedling raising is too low, and to provide a tidal irrigation rapid drainage device, which can rapidly drain the seedbed of the robust plant seedling with large nutrient solution demand, thereby preventing the diseases and insect pests and pollution caused by the water accumulated in the seedbed.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a rapid drainage method.
The first purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a tidal irrigation rapid drainage device comprises a tidal irrigation system, a seedbed, a power supply mechanism, a control mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting slide rail mechanism, a water level detection mechanism and a drainage outlet, wherein the tidal irrigation system comprises a tidal irrigation frame; the seedbed sets up in the tide irrigation frame, lateral shifting mechanism sets up in one side of tide irrigation frame to be connected with tide irrigation frame, seedbed, jack-up slide rail mechanism sets up the offside at lateral shifting mechanism, and be connected with the seedbed, the outlet sets up the offside at jack-up slide rail mechanism, and sets up the bottom at the seedbed, water level detection mechanism sets up the top at the outlet, control mechanism is connected with jack-up slide rail mechanism, water level detection mechanism, electrical source mechanism.
Further, the transverse moving mechanism comprises a steering shaft, a linear sliding bearing, a connecting block and a supporting device; the steering spindle transversely sets up the one side at the tide irrigation frame, sharp slide bearing, strutting arrangement set up on the steering spindle, the steering spindle is for strutting arrangement rotary motion, strutting arrangement is connected with the bottom of tide irrigation frame, the connecting block is connected with sharp slide bearing, connecting block and seedbed external connection.
Further, the supporting device comprises a first supporting part and a second supporting part; the steering shaft is connected with a bearing of the first supporting component and a bearing of the second supporting component, and the bearing of the first supporting component and the bearing of the second supporting component are spherical outside surface ball bearings with seats.
Furthermore, the hoisting slide rail mechanism comprises a hoisting device and a slide rail device, wherein the hoisting device comprises a plurality of steel cables and a fixed pulley; the sliding rail device is connected with the control mechanism by a plurality of steel cables bypassing the fixed pulleys, and the sliding rail device is connected with the outside of the seedbed.
Furthermore, the sliding rail device comprises an eye-shaped rotary hoisting point, a linear directional pulley, a connecting mechanism and a steel rail; the number of the eye-shaped rotary hoisting points corresponds to the number of the steel cables, the eye-shaped rotary hoisting points are arranged at the top end of the connecting mechanism and are correspondingly connected with the steel cables, the linear directional pulleys are arranged at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism in a plurality, the steel rail is internally provided with a plurality of the linear directional pulleys and a part of the connecting mechanism, the steel rail is transversely arranged outside the seedbed and transversely slides relative to the steel rail, and the part of the connecting mechanism limits the steel rail to be separated from the steel rail.
Furthermore, the connecting mechanism comprises an aluminum profile, a stud and a connecting piece, and one part of the connecting mechanism is the connecting piece; the top of the aluminum profile is provided with a groove for arranging an eye-shaped rotary lifting point, the bottom of the aluminum profile is connected with a connecting piece through a stud, and the bottom of the connecting piece is connected with the linear directional pulleys;
when the hoisting device does lifting motion, the steel cables drive the connecting piece to prop up the top of the steel track, so that the connecting piece simultaneously generates upward acting force and transverse friction force;
the acting force drives the steel track and the seedbed to do lifting motion, and the friction force enables the connecting mechanism and the steel guide rail to keep relatively static.
Furthermore, the connecting piece is an integral steel plate, and the thickness size range of the connecting piece is 2-4 mm.
Further, the water level detection mechanism comprises a plurality of water level probe sensors, and the plurality of water level probe sensors are arranged above the water outlet in a mode of increasing the height continuously.
Furthermore, the device also comprises at least two steel flange type universal balls, wherein the steel flange type universal balls are arranged at the bottom of the tidal irrigation frame and are used for realizing the freedom degree of the bottom surface of the seedbed in the horizontal state.
The second purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a quick water drainage method is realized on the basis of the tidal irrigation quick water drainage device, and the method comprises the following steps:
detecting a current water level interval of the seedbed in a horizontal state by using a water level detection mechanism, wherein the water level interval comprises a first water level interval, … and an nth water level interval, the first water level interval, … and the nth water level interval are sequentially connected, and the first water level interval is a highest water level interval;
if the current water level interval is in the first water level interval, the seedbed is kept in a horizontal state, and the water level of the seedbed is reduced to a second water level interval;
if the current water level interval is in the second water level interval or … or the (n-1) th water level interval, the following processes are executed:
based on the control mechanism, outputting working signals of corresponding levels according to the current water level interval, and controlling the hoisting slide rail mechanism according to the working signals of corresponding levels so as to lift the seedbed in a horizontal state and continuously discharge water in the seedbed;
when the water level is detected to enter the next water level interval, judging whether the current water level interval is the nth water level interval or not;
if so, outputting a retraction instruction based on the control mechanism, and further driving the lifting slide rail mechanism to enable the seedbed to return to a flat-laid state, thereby completing one-time quick drainage;
if not, based on the control mechanism, outputting a working signal of a corresponding level according to the current water level interval again, controlling the hoisting slide rail mechanism according to the working signal of the corresponding level, further lifting the lifted seedbed again and continuously discharging water in the seedbed, and when the water level is detected to enter the next water level interval, returning to judge whether the current water level interval is the nth water level interval.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, by opening the automatic mode of the control mechanism, the liquid medicine mixed liquid can be quickly discharged back to the medicine pool in a grading control mode, so that the drainage efficiency of the seedbed is improved, and the diseases and insect pests and pollution caused by water accumulation of the seedbed are effectively prevented while pesticide waste is avoided;
(2) according to the invention, the whole seedbed can be pulled out by utilizing the slide rail device and the transverse moving mechanism, so that the plant seedling in the seedbed can be subjected to photosynthesis, the process of taking out, placing, waiting and returning the plant seedling without spending manpower is not needed, and the plant seedling can obtain more abundant sunlight while a large amount of manpower is saved;
(3) the tidal irrigation rapid drainage device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be stacked in multiple layers, and the seedling number is increased while the effects of (1) and (2) are ensured; in addition, under the condition of multilayer stacking, transverse drawer type movement can be realized on each seedbed, and the seedling raising operation of related personnel is greatly facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a rapid drainage device for tidal irrigation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic view of the rapid drainage device for tidal irrigation according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the water level probe sensor according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is an overall schematic view of a lifting slide rail mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an overall schematic view of the lateral movement mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an overall schematic view of a slide rail device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a slide rail device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein the tidal irrigation framework 1; a seedbed 2; a steel flange type universal ball 3; linear sliding bearing 401; a connection block 402; a first support member 403; a second support member 404; a steering shaft 405; a steel cable 501; a fixed pulley 502; an aluminum profile 601; a steel rail 602; a linear directional pulley 603; a connector 604; an eye-type rotating suspension point 605; a multi-way switching power supply 701; a standard voltage power supply 702; a hose 8; an electric push rod 9; an intermediate relay 10; a stud 11; a water level probe sensor 12.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
compared with most of seedlings, the citrus seedlings have larger volume and larger demand on nutrient solution; therefore, the water level required by the citrus seedlings exceeds the water level required by most seedlings, namely, the water level distribution of the citrus seedlings can be suitable for the cultivation of most seedlings. Based on the above consideration, the present embodiment selects the seedbed for citrus seedling as the experimental seedbed.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the embodiment provides a tidal irrigation rapid drainage device, which comprises a tidal irrigation system, a seedbed 2, a power supply mechanism, a control mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting slide rail mechanism, a water level detection mechanism and a drainage outlet, wherein the tidal irrigation system comprises a tidal irrigation frame 1; wherein: seedbed 2 sets up in tidal irrigation frame 1, and lateral shifting mechanism sets up in the left side of tidal irrigation frame 1 to with tidal irrigation frame 1, the outside left side of seedbed 2 is connected, jack-up slide rail mechanism sets up on the right side of tidal irrigation frame 1, and be connected with the outside right side of seedbed 2, the outlet sets up the left side bottom at seedbed 2, water level detection mechanism sets up the top at the outlet, control mechanism and jack-up slide rail mechanism, water level detection mechanism, electrical power source mechanism, tidal irrigation system connection.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the lateral movement mechanism includes a steering shaft 405, a linear sliding bearing 401, a connecting block 402, and a support device; wherein: the steering shaft 405 is transversely arranged on the left side of the tidal irrigation frame 1, the linear sliding bearing 401 and the supporting device are arranged on the steering shaft 405, the steering shaft 405 rotates relative to the supporting device, the supporting device is connected with the bottom of the tidal irrigation frame 1, the connecting block 402 is sleeved on the linear sliding bearing 401 and fixed, and the connecting block 402 is connected with the left side outside the seedbed 2; the relative movement of the linear sliding bearing 401 and the steering shaft 405 is for realizing the freedom of lateral movement of the left side of the bed 2 in a flat state.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the supporting device comprises a first supporting part 403 and a second supporting part 404, the first supporting part 403 and the second supporting part 404 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the tidal irrigation frame 1, the steering shaft 405 is connected with the bearing of the first supporting part 403 and the bearing of the second supporting part 404, the bearing of the first supporting part 403 and the bearing of the second supporting part 404 are casting type outer spherical surface ball bearings with seats, wherein the bearing seat material is HT200 gray cast iron, and the bearing is GCr15 bearing steel. The first and second support members 403 and 404 thus have high and uniform hardness and good wear resistance, as well as high contact fatigue performance; when the bed 2 filled with the seedling and the nutrient solution is moved up and down, the first and second support members 403 and 404 receive a large pressure from the steering shaft 405 while keeping the steering shaft 405 rotated.
Specifically, the tidal irrigation system comprises a citrus seedling tidal irrigation system (CN111418477A) and a common tidal irrigation frame 1, wherein the tidal irrigation frame 1 is built by aluminum profiles; in this embodiment, the water inlet and the water outlet are the same and are connected to an external water tank through a hose 8, so as to achieve flexible connection, as shown in fig. 3. Therefore, the flow rates of the water supply process and the water discharge process are not affected when the bed 2 is moved.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6, the hoisting slide rail mechanism comprises a hoisting device and a slide rail device, wherein the hoisting device comprises three steel cables 501 and a fixed pulley 502; wherein: the slide rail device is connected with the control mechanism by three steel cables 501 passing around a fixed pulley 502, the slide rail device is connected with the right side outside the seedbed 2, and the fixed pulley 502 is arranged above the seedbed 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the slide rail device includes an eye-shaped rotary lifting point 605, a linear directional pulley 603, a connecting mechanism and a steel rail 602; wherein: three eye-shaped rotary lifting points 605 are arranged at the top end of the connecting mechanism, the three eye-shaped rotary lifting points 605 are connected with the corresponding steel cable 501, two linear directional pulleys 603 are arranged at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism, two linear directional pulleys 603 and one part of the connecting mechanism are arranged in the steel rail 602, the steel rail 602 is transversely arranged at the right side outside the seedbed 2, the two linear directional pulleys 603 transversely move relative to the steel rail 602 to realize the transverse movement freedom degree of the right side of the seedbed 2 in a flat state, and one part of the connecting mechanism limits the steel rail 602 to be separated from the steel rail 602.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the connecting mechanism includes an aluminum profile 601, a stud 11 and a connecting member 604, and a part of the connecting mechanism is the connecting member 604; wherein: the top of the aluminum profile 601 is provided with a groove for arranging the eye-shaped rotary lifting points 605, the three eye-shaped rotary lifting points 605 are uniformly arranged on the aluminum profile 601 through the groove, the mounting mode keeps balance of the force provided by the three steel cables 501, the bottom of the aluminum profile 601 is connected with the connecting piece 604 through the stud 11, and the bottom of the connecting piece 604 is connected with the two linear directional pulleys 603.
In this embodiment, when the lifting device is lifted, each steel cable 501 lifts the corresponding eye-shaped rotary lifting point 605, and each eye-shaped rotary lifting point 605 drives the aluminum profile 601 and the connecting piece 604 connected integrally to lift upwards; when the connecting member 604 moves upward, the two linear directional pulleys 603 are separated from the bottom of the steel rail 602, and at the same time, the top of the connecting member 604 contacts with the top of the steel rail 602, so as to generate an upward acting force and a transverse friction force simultaneously, wherein the upward acting force drives the steel rail 602, and the steel rail 602 drives the seedbed 2 upward; the transverse friction force keeps the whole connecting mechanism and the steel guide rail 602 relatively static, thereby stably driving the seedbed 2 to incline and rise; when the seedbed 2 is reset, the reset principle is consistent with the lifting principle.
Further, in this embodiment, the connecting member 604 is a one-piece steel plate with a thickness dimension of 3 mm.
The selection of the integral steel plate as the connecting member 604 is based on the following two considerations: 1. if the force is transmitted directly by the upper planes of the plurality of linear directional pulleys 603, the stress of each linear directional pulley 603 is unbalanced; 2. the material of the linear guide pulley 603 is not suitable for such forces. Based on the above consideration, with the integrated steel plate, a larger contact area, higher strength and more balanced stress can be provided. Therefore, the present embodiment adopts the way that the linear directional pulley 603 is matched with the integrated steel plate to realize the lateral movement and the lifting movement.
Further, the water level detection mechanism comprises four water level probe sensors 12, wherein the four water level probe sensors 12 are made of stainless steel and are all arranged above the water outlet; when the water level probe sensor 12 is in contact with the water surface, an electrical signal is sent to the control mechanism.
In this embodiment, four water level probe sensor all set up the top in the outlet, specifically do: a first water level probe sensor 12 is positioned 1.5cm above the drain opening, as shown in fig. 3; then, a second water level probe sensor 12, a third water level probe sensor 12 and a fourth water level probe sensor 12 are respectively arranged at positions 5cm, 10cm and 20cm above the water outlet; the water level interval above the fourth water level probe is called a first water level interval, the water level interval between the third water level probe and the fourth water level probe is called a second water level interval, the water level interval between the second water level probe and the third water level probe is called a third water level interval, the water level interval between the first water level probe and the second water level probe is called a fourth water level interval, and the water level interval below the first water level probe is called a fifth water level interval.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3 and 4, the rapid drainage device for tidal irrigation further comprises: two steel flange type universal balls 3 are arranged at the bottom of the tidal irrigation frame 1 and used for realizing the freedom degree of the movement of the bottom surface of the seedbed 2 in a flat state.
In this embodiment, the power supply mechanism includes a multi-way switch power supply 701, a standard voltage power supply 702, and an auxiliary power supply; wherein: an electric leakage switch is arranged between the multi-way switch power supply 701 and the standard voltage power supply 702, the standard voltage power supply 702 is connected with a power supply end of the electric leakage switch, the multi-way switch power supply 701 is connected with a load end of the electric leakage switch, the auxiliary power supply serves as a standby power supply, and the voltage of the standard voltage power supply is 220V.
In this embodiment, the control mechanism includes an intermediate relay 10, a control module, and an electric push rod 9; wherein: the control module comprises a singlechip, a power circuit, a signal input circuit, a signal output circuit, a manual control circuit and panel and an automatic control circuit and panel; wherein: the singlechip is respectively connected with a power circuit, a signal input circuit, a signal output circuit, a manual control circuit and panel, an automatic control circuit and panel and four water level probe sensors 12; the multi-way switch power supply 701 is connected with a power supply circuit, a power supply end of the intermediate relay 10 is connected with a signal output circuit, a public end of the intermediate relay 10 is connected with the multi-way switch power supply 701, a normally open end of the intermediate relay 10 is connected with the electric push rod 9, the electric push rod 9 is connected with the three steel cables 501, and a signal input circuit is connected with the tidal irrigation system; the manual control circuit and the panel are provided with ascending and descending buttons, the automatic control circuit and the panel are provided with starting and closing buttons, the starting buttons on the automatic control circuit and the panel can be controlled, and the automatic mode is started.
In this embodiment, the tidal irrigation rapid drainage device further comprises a control box, and the intermediate relay 10 and the control module are arranged in the control box.
Specifically, the multi-way switch power supply 701 can be connected with the single chip microcomputer and the electric push rod 9 through different pins, so as to output different power supply voltages; the bottom of the electric push rod 9 is fixed on the ground or on the tidal irrigation frame 1 and is used for driving each steel cable 501 to move; in this embodiment, the working voltage of the electric push rod 9 is 24V; wherein, the electric push rod 9 controls strong electricity with weak electricity through the singlechip, and extends or retracts when receiving signals; when no signal is generated, self-locking is generated, and the seedbed 2 is maintained at the posture at the moment.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary power supply is a mobile power supply with a voltage of 24V and a current of 3A, wherein the auxiliary power supply includes a DC port of 24V and a USB port of 5V, and can be respectively used for connecting the power push rod 9 and the control module; because the electric push rod 9 has a self-locking function, if an accident occurs in the standard voltage power supply in the using process, the seedbed 2 can be lowered by using the auxiliary power supply, and the damage of the electric push rod 9 caused by keeping the seedbed 2 in a lifting state for a long time is avoided.
In this embodiment, the control mechanism specifically functions as:
a. receiving water inlet and drainage signals of the seedbed 2 detected by the tidal irrigation system; when water is in, the automatic mode is not started.
b. The method for processing the real-time water level information fed back by the water level probe sensors 12 specifically comprises the following steps: based on the real-time water level information obtained by feedback, calculating the real-time residual water amount in the seedbed 2 according to an algorithm, and controlling the electric push rod 9 in real time according to the real-time residual water amount, so that the output power of the electric push rod 9 is reasonably controlled while the seedbed 2 is lifted up to different heights, and the rapid drainage is completed.
The embodiment also provides a quick drainage method, which is realized based on the tidal irrigation quick drainage device and comprises the following steps:
detecting a current water level interval of the seedbed in a horizontal state by using a water level detection mechanism, wherein the water level interval comprises a first water level interval, … and an nth water level interval, the first water level interval, … and the nth water level interval are sequentially connected, and the first water level interval is a highest water level interval;
if the current water level interval is in the first water level interval, the seedbed is kept in a horizontal state, and the water level of the seedbed is reduced to a second water level interval;
if the current water level interval is in the second water level interval or … or the (n-1) th water level interval, the following processes are executed:
based on the control mechanism, outputting working signals of corresponding levels according to the current water level interval, and controlling the hoisting slide rail mechanism according to the working signals of corresponding levels so as to lift the seedbed in a horizontal state and continuously discharge water in the seedbed;
when the water level is detected to enter the next water level interval, judging whether the current water level interval is the nth water level interval or not;
if so, outputting a retraction instruction based on the control mechanism, and further driving the lifting slide rail mechanism to enable the seedbed to return to a flat-laid state, thereby completing one-time quick drainage;
if not, based on the control mechanism, outputting a working signal of a corresponding level according to the current water level interval again, controlling the hoisting slide rail mechanism according to the working signal of the corresponding level, further lifting the lifted seedbed again and continuously discharging water in the seedbed, and when the water level is detected to enter the next water level interval, returning to judge whether the current water level interval is the nth water level interval.
In this embodiment, n is 5.
The steps of the method are the steps of the tidal irrigation rapid drainage device in an automatic mode.
It is worth noting that: setting water level probe sensors at m different heights of the seedbed, and setting a first water level probe sensor at a position slightly higher than the water outlet, wherein m is related to the classification of the subsequent lifting height; in the embodiment, m is 3; at the moment, the inside of the seedbed is divided into five water level intervals according to the height; detecting which water level interval the initial water level is in according to the detection of the previous device (the highest interval is the first water level interval, at the moment, the seedbed can not be lifted up), the next water level interval is the second water level interval, at the moment, the single chip microcomputer outputs 1-level high lifting power and controls the electric push rod to work, and so on, at the third water level interval, the single chip microcomputer outputs 2-level high lifting power and controls the electric push rod to work); the highest water level of the second water level interval needs to ensure that liquid in the seedbed cannot overflow after the seedbed is lifted for 1 level; and the control module outputs working signals to the electric push rod according to the checked interval and the corresponding level height. After the lifting action is completed, when the water level is detected to enter the next interval, the next-stage lifting action is carried out. After the highest level of lifting action is completed, when the water level probe sensor above the water outlet detects that the liquid level is lower than the height of the water level, the control module outputs a retraction instruction, the electric push rod returns to the initial state, and the seedbed returns to the flat state again. When the drainage device works, the range of the water level is calculated according to the information of the water level probe sensor, the lifting action grade is judged according to a control algorithm, and the electric push rod is controlled by the lifting action in a manner of controlling the intermediate relay to enable the electric push rod to perform stretching action. The stretching action of the electric push rod drives the steel cable to lift and hold one end of the seedbed. Along with liquid discharge, the water level descends to the height below the next water level probe sensor, and control module sends the instruction of raising the action once more this moment, and through the relay, the action is raised once more to the electric push rod, and the one end height of seedbed improves, and liquid is concentrated to the outlet, continues to increase discharge efficiency. This process is cycled until the water level is below the lowest level probe sensor. When the water level is lower than the lowest water level probe sensor, the electric push rod performs the last lifting action, and when the control module detects that the water level probe sensor above the water outlet returns that the water level is lower than the height of the water level, the water drainage in the seedbed is considered to be finished at the moment, and the electric push rod performs the retracting action. And after the completion, the system enters a standby state and waits for the next drainage signal.
The embodiment also provides a multilayer tidal irrigation rapid drainage device, which comprises the tidal irrigation rapid drainage device, but is slightly improved, and particularly comprises the following steps: the multilayer tidal irrigation rapid drainage devices are sequentially overlapped, and the hoisting slide rail mechanisms corresponding to each layer of tidal irrigation rapid drainage device share one set of fixed pulleys, a control mechanism and a power supply mechanism.
Under the condition that a multi-layer tidal irrigation rapid drainage device is used, under the condition that an electric push rod meets actually required power and force, and under the condition that each layer of movable seedbed is 1.2 multiplied by 0.6 multiplied by 0.3m, citrus seedling is taken as an example, when each layer of seedbed is lifted, the force of the electric push rod is required to be more than 3000N, and each steel cable is only required to be connected with an eye-shaped rotary lifting point of each layer of seedbed; when the electric push rods perform lifting or retracting actions, each seedbed can synchronously and uniformly perform lifting or flat placing actions.
After the tidal irrigation is finished or after the seedlings are raised for a period of time, the embodiment can observe the growth state of each seedling by moving any layer of seedbed, and take out or treat unhealthy plants, thereby facilitating the research on the seedling by related personnel; in addition, there are two advantages: a. unnecessary manual operation is reduced: the seedlings do not need to be taken out of the seedbed, then photosynthesis is carried out, and the seedbed is put back, the seedlings can receive illumination only by moving the seedbed to the sun, and the seedbed is reset before tidal irrigation is carried out again; after the seedlings grow to a certain degree, the seedlings can be easily taken out for planting or selling only by moving the seedbed, and can be easily put back to the seedbed for continuous culture if necessary, so that the labor cost is greatly saved; b. provides conditions for modern seedling culture: for a large-scale seedling raising base, the multi-layer tidal irrigation quick drainage device also provides a spatial condition for subsequent mechanical automatic seedling taking and placing and unmanned real-time monitoring of the seedling raising growth condition.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or given otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. To those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations, and the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used for illustrative purposes only and do not mean a unique embodiment.
In conclusion, the automatic control device can discharge the liquid medicine mixed liquid back to the medicine pool in a grading control mode through the automatic mode of the opening control mechanism, so that the drainage efficiency of the seedbed is improved, pesticide waste is avoided, and meanwhile, diseases and insect pests and pollution caused by water accumulation of the seedbed are effectively prevented.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tidal irrigation rapid drainage device comprises a tidal irrigation system and a seedbed, wherein the tidal irrigation system comprises a tidal irrigation frame, and is characterized by further comprising a power supply mechanism, a control mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting slide rail mechanism, a water level detection mechanism and a drainage outlet; the seedbed sets up in the tide irrigation frame, lateral shifting mechanism sets up in one side of tide irrigation frame to be connected with tide irrigation frame, seedbed, jack-up slide rail mechanism sets up the offside at lateral shifting mechanism, and be connected with the seedbed, the outlet sets up the offside at jack-up slide rail mechanism, and sets up the bottom at the seedbed, water level detection mechanism sets up the top at the outlet, control mechanism is connected with jack-up slide rail mechanism, water level detection mechanism, electrical source mechanism.
2. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of claim 1, wherein the lateral movement mechanism comprises a steering shaft, a linear sliding bearing, a connecting block and a supporting device; the steering spindle transversely sets up the one side at the tide irrigation frame, sharp slide bearing, strutting arrangement set up on the steering spindle, the steering spindle is for strutting arrangement rotary motion, strutting arrangement is connected with the bottom of tide irrigation frame, the connecting block is connected with sharp slide bearing, connecting block and seedbed external connection.
3. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of claim 2, wherein the support device comprises a first support member and a second support member; the steering shaft is connected with the bearing of the first supporting component and the bearing of the second supporting component, and the bearing of the first supporting component and the bearing of the second supporting component are spherical outside surface ball bearings with seats.
4. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of claim 1, wherein the lifting skid mechanism comprises a lifting device and a skid device, the lifting device comprising a plurality of steel cables and a fixed pulley; the sliding rail device is connected with the control mechanism by a plurality of steel cables bypassing the fixed pulleys, and the sliding rail device is connected with the outside of the seedbed.
5. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of claim 4, wherein the slide rail device comprises an eye-shaped rotating hanging point, a linear directional pulley, a connecting mechanism and a steel rail; the number of the eye-shaped rotary hoisting points corresponds to the number of the steel cables, the eye-shaped rotary hoisting points are arranged at the top end of the connecting mechanism and are correspondingly connected with the steel cables, the linear directional pulleys are arranged at the bottom end of the connecting mechanism in a plurality, the steel rail is internally provided with a plurality of the linear directional pulleys and a part of the connecting mechanism, the steel rail is transversely arranged outside the seedbed and transversely slides relative to the steel rail, and the part of the connecting mechanism limits the steel rail to be separated from the steel rail.
6. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of claim 5, wherein the connection mechanism comprises an aluminum profile, a stud and a connector, and a portion of the connection mechanism is the connector; the top of the aluminum profile is provided with a groove for arranging an eye-shaped rotary lifting point, the bottom of the aluminum profile is connected with a connecting piece through a stud, and the bottom of the connecting piece is connected with the plurality of linear directional pulleys;
when the hoisting device does lifting motion, the steel cables drive the connecting piece to prop up the top of the steel track, so that the connecting piece simultaneously generates upward acting force and transverse friction force;
the acting force drives the steel track and the seedbed to do lifting motion, and the friction force enables the connecting mechanism and the steel guide rail to keep relatively static.
7. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of claim 6, wherein the connector is a one-piece steel plate with a thickness ranging from 2mm to 4 mm.
8. The tidal irrigation rapid drain device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the water level detection mechanism comprises a plurality of water level probe sensors, and the plurality of water level probe sensors are arranged above the drain outlet in a manner of increasing height.
9. The tidal irrigation rapid drainage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising at least two steel flange-type universal balls arranged at the bottom of the tidal irrigation frame for realizing freedom of movement of the bottom surface of the seedbed in a flat state.
10. A rapid drainage method, which is realized based on the tidal irrigation rapid drainage device of any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
detecting a current water level interval of the seedbed in a horizontal state by using a water level detection mechanism, wherein the water level interval comprises a first water level interval, … and an nth water level interval, the first water level interval, … and the nth water level interval are sequentially connected, and the first water level interval is a highest water level interval;
if the current water level interval is in the first water level interval, the seedbed is kept in a horizontal state, and the water level of the seedbed is reduced to a second water level interval;
if the current water level interval is in the second water level interval or … or the (n-1) th water level interval, the following processes are executed:
based on the control mechanism, outputting a working signal of a corresponding level according to the current water level interval, and controlling the lifting slide rail mechanism according to the working signal of the corresponding level so as to lift the seedbed in a horizontal state and continuously discharge water in the seedbed;
when the water level is detected to enter the next water level interval, judging whether the current water level interval is the nth water level interval or not;
if yes, outputting a retraction instruction based on the control mechanism, and further driving the lifting slide rail mechanism to enable the seedbed to return to a flat-lying state, so that one-time quick drainage is completed;
if not, based on the control mechanism, outputting a working signal of a corresponding level according to the current water level interval again, controlling the hoisting slide rail mechanism according to the working signal of the corresponding level, further lifting the lifted seedbed again and continuously discharging water in the seedbed, and when the water level is detected to enter the next water level interval, returning to judge whether the current water level interval is the nth water level interval.
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