CN115000996A - Battery energy storage system SOC balance control method based on droop control - Google Patents

Battery energy storage system SOC balance control method based on droop control Download PDF

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CN115000996A
CN115000996A CN202210671332.7A CN202210671332A CN115000996A CN 115000996 A CN115000996 A CN 115000996A CN 202210671332 A CN202210671332 A CN 202210671332A CN 115000996 A CN115000996 A CN 115000996A
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energy storage
voltage
storage converter
axis
soc
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张尧
李博阳
陈张平
张帆
孔亚广
许飞
胡建波
陈梓铭
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
Shanghai Electric Group Corp
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Shanghai Electric Guoxuan New Energy Technology Co ltd
Hangzhou Dianzi University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a droop control-based battery energy storage system SOC balance control method. Firstly, constructing an alternating current micro-grid system with a plurality of energy storage converters connected in parallel; secondly, acquiring three-phase output voltage and three-phase output current of each energy storage converter to obtain output active power and output reactive power of the corresponding energy storage converter; then, calculating an adjusting frequency and an adjusting voltage value by improving droop control; and finally, obtaining the inductive current of the alternating current side of each energy storage converter, adopting voltage and current double-loop regulation and control according to the inductive current, the three-phase output voltage and the regulated voltage value, and obtaining the modulated wave of each energy storage converter through pulse width modulation. In the invention, each energy storage converter only needs to consider the energy storage unit information corresponding to the direct current side, so that the characteristic of droop control is met; and the balance of the energy storage batteries in the charging state of the energy storage converter is considered, and the consistency of the energy storage batteries in the grid-connected state and the off-grid state is ensured.

Description

一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法A SOC balance control method for battery energy storage system based on droop control

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及微电网电池储能系统控制技术领域,具体涉及一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of control of a battery energy storage system in a microgrid, in particular to a SOC balance control method of a battery energy storage system based on droop control.

背景技术Background technique

随着传统能源的日益枯竭以及对环境的不断污染,各国政府加大了对经济可持续性发展的重视,光伏、风电等可再生能源(Renewable Energy Sources,RES)由于发电的过程中对环境造成的污染小、发电成本低、安装配置灵活性好,近几年得到广泛关注和快速发展。但由于RES发电具有间歇性和波动性,微电网内一般安装储能系统来保证负荷供电的稳定性和可靠性。但在储能系统中储能电池受制备工艺制约影响,单体电池之间存在不一致性,在使用过程中受工作环境温度、放电效率、保护电路对电池组的影响等因素导致差异的放大,特别是现有电池储能系统中储能电池大多采用梯次电池,并且数量巨大,这种不一致性造成环流损耗和短板效应,尤其危害系统的安全可靠性。With the increasing depletion of traditional energy sources and the continuous pollution of the environment, governments around the world have paid more attention to the sustainable development of the economy. Low pollution, low power generation cost, and flexible installation and configuration have attracted widespread attention and rapid development in recent years. However, due to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of RES power generation, an energy storage system is generally installed in the microgrid to ensure the stability and reliability of the load power supply. However, in the energy storage system, the energy storage battery is affected by the preparation process, and there is inconsistency between the single cells. During the use process, the differences are amplified by factors such as the working environment temperature, discharge efficiency, and the influence of the protection circuit on the battery pack. In particular, most of the energy storage batteries in the existing battery energy storage systems use cascade batteries, and the number is huge. This inconsistency causes circulation losses and short-board effects, especially jeopardizing the safety and reliability of the system.

现有技术中,电池储能系统实现电池一致性控制多采用改进型下垂控制,例如专利(授权号为CN 111244931 B)提出一种多储能模块并联运行的荷电状态(State ofCharge,SOC)自均衡控制方法,通过在下垂控制中引入SOC实现各并联储能模块输出功率均衡和储能电池SOC均衡,但每个储能模块需要获取所有储能电池的SOC,丧失了下垂控制的无通讯特性。又例如专利(公开号CN 113507151 A)提出一种应用于多储能单元的SOC协同控制方法,利用稀疏通信的动态一致性算法实现大规模多储能单元的信息交互,虽然减少了通讯范围,只需相邻储能单元间相互获取信息,但依然存在通讯,同时此专利通过在下垂控制中加入SOC和电池容量实现了储能电池SOC均衡控制,但针对电池容量不相同的情况只能实现两个储能电池间SOC均衡。并且以上技术都只考虑了储能电池放电状态下的SOC均衡,并没有考虑电池充电状态。In the prior art, battery energy storage systems mostly use improved droop control to achieve battery consistency control. For example, the patent (authorized number CN 111244931 B) proposes a state of charge (State of Charge, SOC) in which multiple energy storage modules operate in parallel. Self-balancing control method, by introducing SOC in droop control to achieve output power balance of each parallel energy storage module and SOC balance of energy storage batteries, but each energy storage module needs to obtain the SOC of all energy storage batteries, losing the non-communication of droop control. characteristic. Another example is the patent (publication number CN 113507151 A) which proposes a SOC cooperative control method applied to multiple energy storage units, which utilizes the dynamic consistency algorithm of sparse communication to realize the information exchange of large-scale multiple energy storage units, although the communication range is reduced, It is only necessary to obtain information from each other between adjacent energy storage units, but there is still communication. At the same time, this patent realizes the SOC balance control of energy storage batteries by adding SOC and battery capacity to the droop control, but it can only be achieved for different battery capacities. SOC balance between two energy storage batteries. In addition, the above technologies only consider the SOC balance in the discharge state of the energy storage battery, and do not consider the battery state of charge.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明针对以上技术的不足,提供了一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法,不但具备下垂控制无通讯的优点,而且可以实现电池容量不同以及整流状态下的电池储能系统SOC均衡。Aiming at the deficiencies of the above technologies, the present invention provides a droop control-based SOC balance control method for a battery energy storage system, which not only has the advantages of no communication in droop control, but also can realize the SOC of the battery energy storage system under different battery capacities and rectification states. balanced.

本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

本发明包括以下步骤:The present invention includes the following steps:

步骤一:构建多台储能变换器并联的交流微电网系统:Step 1: Build an AC microgrid system with multiple energy storage converters in parallel:

所述交流微电网系统包括n个储能变换器,各储能变换器的交流侧并联设置,通过并离网开关SS1连接交流电网,储能变换器直流侧各连接一个电池簇;The AC microgrid system includes n energy storage converters, the AC sides of each energy storage converter are arranged in parallel, connected to the AC power grid through the on-grid switch SS1, and the DC sides of the energy storage converters are each connected to a battery cluster;

步骤二:获取各储能变换器三相输出电压和三相输出电流,经过功率计算得到相应储能变换器输出有功功率和输出无功功率;Step 2: Obtain the three-phase output voltage and three-phase output current of each energy storage converter, and obtain the output active power and output reactive power of the corresponding energy storage converter through power calculation;

步骤三:获取各直流侧电池簇SOC、最大可用容量和输出电压,根据所述电池簇SOC、最大可用容量、输出电压、输出有功功率和输出无功功率通过改进下垂控制得到调节频率和调节电压值;Step 3: Obtain the SOC, maximum available capacity and output voltage of each DC side battery cluster, and obtain the regulation frequency and regulation voltage by improving droop control according to the battery cluster SOC, maximum available capacity, output voltage, output active power and output reactive power value;

步骤四:获取各储能变换器交流侧电感电流,根据所述电感电流、三相输出电压和调节电压值,采用电压电流双环调控,内环为电感电流,外环为负载电压控制,通过脉宽调制得到各储能变换器调制波。Step 4: Obtain the AC side inductance current of each energy storage converter. According to the inductance current, the three-phase output voltage and the adjusted voltage value, the voltage and current double-loop control is adopted, the inner loop is the inductor current, and the outer loop is the load voltage control. The modulation wave of each energy storage converter is obtained by wide modulation.

和现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本发明通过获取各电池簇SOC、最大可用容量和电压,采用改进型下垂控制,确定每个储能变换器的调节频率和调节电压值,控制每个储能变换器输出有功功率,实现功率的合理分配,使电池簇SOC高的储能变换器输出功率高,SOC低的储能变换器输出功率低,即SOC高的电池簇放电多,SOC低的电池簇放电低,最终在某一时刻实现SOC均衡,消除环流和不一致性。在以往技术中基于SOC均衡每个储能变换器都需要获取所有储能单元的信息,储能变换器间存在信息交互,丧失了下垂控制无通讯的优点,本发明每个储能变换器只需考虑对应直流侧的储能单元信息,满足下垂控制的特点;并且考虑了储能变换器充电状态下储能电池的均衡,保证了并网和离网状态下储能电池的一致性。The invention obtains the SOC, maximum available capacity and voltage of each battery cluster, adopts improved droop control, determines the adjustment frequency and adjustment voltage value of each energy storage converter, controls the output active power of each energy storage converter, and realizes power Reasonable allocation, so that the output power of the energy storage converter with high SOC of the battery cluster is high, and the output power of the energy storage converter with low SOC is low, that is, the battery cluster with high SOC discharges more, and the battery cluster with low SOC discharges less. Achieve SOC balance, eliminate circulation and inconsistency. In the prior art, each energy storage converter needs to obtain the information of all energy storage units based on SOC balancing, and there is information exchange between energy storage converters, which loses the advantage of droop control without communication. The information of the energy storage unit corresponding to the DC side needs to be considered to meet the characteristics of droop control; and the balance of the energy storage battery in the charging state of the energy storage converter is considered to ensure the consistency of the energy storage battery in the grid-connected and off-grid states.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的储能系统结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the energy storage system of the present invention;

图2是本发明的储能变换器运行控制策略;Fig. 2 is the energy storage converter operation control strategy of the present invention;

图3是本发明的改进下垂控制框图。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the improved droop control of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将通过具体的实例并结合附图来详细描述本发明。The present invention will be described in detail below through specific examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

以并联储能变换器为例,如图1所示,该储能系统包括n个储能变换器,各储能变换器的交流侧并联设置,通过并离网开关SS1连接交流电网,储能变换器直流侧各连接一个储能簇;所述电池簇由多个电池芯串并联组成。Taking the parallel energy storage converter as an example, as shown in Figure 1, the energy storage system includes n energy storage converters, and the AC side of each energy storage converter is arranged in parallel, and is connected to the AC power grid through the on-grid switch SS1 to store energy. Each DC side of the converter is connected to one energy storage cluster; the battery cluster is composed of a plurality of battery cells in series and parallel.

基于上述储能系统,本发明所述的一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法如图2所示:Based on the above energy storage system, a droop control-based SOC balance control method for a battery energy storage system according to the present invention is shown in Figure 2:

步骤一:获取各储能变换器三相输出电压uabc和三相输出电流iabc,经过功率计算得到相应储能变换器输出有功功率Pi和输出无功功率QiStep 1: Obtain the three-phase output voltage u abc and the three-phase output current i abc of each energy storage converter, and obtain the output active power P i and output reactive power Qi of the corresponding energy storage converter through power calculation;

步骤二:获取各直流侧电池簇SOCi、最大可用容量CNi和输出电压vbati,根据所述电池簇SOCi、最大可用容量CNi、输出电压vbati及输出有功功率Pi和输出无功功率Qi通过改进下垂控制得到调节频率fi和调节电压值UiStep 2: Obtain each DC side battery cluster SOC i , the maximum available capacity C Ni and the output voltage v bati , according to the battery cluster SOC i , the maximum available capacity C Ni , the output voltage v bati , the output active power P i and the output no The power Q i obtains the adjustment frequency f i and the adjustment voltage value U i by improving the droop control;

根据每个所述储能变换器的调节频率和调节电压,对应调节所述储能变换器的输出功率,使电池簇SOC高的对应储能变换器输出功率多,电池簇SOC低的对应储能变换器输出功率少,通过控制输出电流的大小来实现SOC一致。According to the regulation frequency and regulation voltage of each energy storage converter, the output power of the energy storage converter is adjusted correspondingly, so that the energy storage converter with high battery cluster SOC has more output power, and the battery cluster with low SOC corresponds to the corresponding energy storage converter. The output power of the energy converter is small, and the SOC is consistent by controlling the magnitude of the output current.

优选的,所述改进下垂控制框图如图3所示,原理表达式具体如下:Preferably, the improved droop control block diagram is shown in Figure 3, and the principle expression is as follows:

Figure BDA0003693289310000031
Figure BDA0003693289310000031

其中,i表示储能变换器的台数,i=1,2,3...n;fi表示第i台储能变换器的调节频率;fn表示额定频率;Pi表示第i台储能变换器的有功功率;vbati表示第i台储能变换器直流侧电压;Gi表示均衡因子,Ui表示第i台储能变换器的调节电压值;Un表示额定电压值;Qi表示第i台储能变换器输出的无功功率;KP和KQ表示改进下垂控制方法的下垂系数。Among them, i represents the number of energy storage converters, i=1, 2, 3...n; f i represents the adjustment frequency of the ith energy storage converter; f n represents the rated frequency; P i represents the ith energy storage converter The active power of the energy converter; v bati represents the DC side voltage of the ith energy storage converter; G i represents the balance factor, U i represents the regulated voltage value of the ith energy storage converter; U n represents the rated voltage value; Q i represents the reactive power output by the ith energy storage converter; K P and K Q represent the droop coefficients of the improved droop control method.

在均衡因子Gi表达式中,SOCi表示第i台储能变换器对应的电池簇的荷电状态,SOCmin表示电池簇放电的限值,取20%;CNi表示第i台储能变换器对应的电池簇最大可用容量;T表示在安全范围内最大倍率充放电的时间。In the expression of the balance factor Gi, SOC i represents the state of charge of the battery cluster corresponding to the ith energy storage converter, SOC min represents the discharge limit of the battery cluster, which is taken as 20%; C Ni represents the ith energy storage converter The maximum available capacity of the battery cluster corresponding to the converter; T represents the maximum rate charging and discharging time within the safe range.

优选的,所述方法步骤二具体包括以下步骤:Preferably, step 2 of the method specifically includes the following steps:

步骤S1:获取各电池簇SOCi、最大可用容量CNi,当储能变换器工作于逆变状态(电池簇给负载供电)时,根据各电池簇SOCi、最大可用容量CNi、电池簇放电限值SOCmin和安全范围内最大倍率充放电的时间T计算得到放电均衡因子GiStep S1: Obtain the SOC i and the maximum available capacity C Ni of each battery cluster. When the energy storage converter works in the inverter state (the battery cluster supplies power to the load), according to the SOC i of each battery cluster, the maximum available capacity C Ni , and the battery cluster The discharge balance factor G i is obtained by calculating the discharge limit SOC min and the maximum rate charge-discharge time T within the safe range;

当储能变换器工作于整流状态(交流电网给电池簇充电)时,根据各电池簇SOCi、最大可用容量CNi和安全范围内最大倍率充放电的时间T计算得到充电均衡因子GiWhen the energy storage converter works in the rectification state (the AC grid charges the battery cluster), the charge balance factor G i is calculated according to the SOC i of each battery cluster, the maximum available capacity C Ni and the time T of the maximum rate charge and discharge within the safe range;

步骤S2:获取电池簇输出电压vbati,根据电池簇输出电压vbati、均衡因子Gi、有功功率Pi和无功功率Qi计算得到调节频率fi和调节电压UiStep S2: obtaining the battery cluster output voltage v bati , and calculating the adjusted frequency f i and the adjusted voltage U i according to the battery cluster output voltage v bati , the equalization factor G i , the active power P i and the reactive power Q i ;

步骤S3:根据调节频率fi和调节电压Ui,经过电压合成和变换处理得到d轴给定电压分量vdref和q轴给定电压分量vqrefStep S3: According to the adjustment frequency f i and the adjustment voltage U i , the d-axis given voltage component v dref and the q-axis given voltage component v qref are obtained through voltage synthesis and transformation processing.

步骤三:获取各储能变换器交流侧电感电流iLabci,根据所述电感电流iLabci、三相输出电压uabci和给定电压分量vdref、vqref,采用电压电流双环调控,内环为电感电流,外环为负载电压控制,通过脉宽调制得到各储能变换器调制波;Step 3: Obtain the AC side inductor current i Labci of each energy storage converter, according to the inductor current i Labci , the three-phase output voltage u abci and the given voltage components v dref , v qref , adopt voltage and current double-loop regulation, and the inner loop is Inductor current, the outer loop is controlled by load voltage, and the modulated wave of each energy storage converter is obtained through pulse width modulation;

优选的,所述方法步骤三具体包括以下步骤:Preferably, step 3 of the method specifically includes the following steps:

步骤S1:获取每个储能变换器三相输出电压uabci和电感电流iLabci,根据下垂控制调节频率fi转换得到的相角θi,将所述三相输出电压uabci和电感电流iLabci经过dq变换处理得到d轴输出电压分量ud、q轴输出电压分量uq和d轴电感电流分量iLd、q轴电感电流分量iLqStep S1: Obtain the three-phase output voltage u abci and the inductor current i Labci of each energy storage converter, and convert the three-phase output voltage u abci and the inductor current i according to the phase angle θ i obtained by the droop control adjustment frequency f i conversion. Labci obtains the d-axis output voltage component ud , the q-axis output voltage component u q , the d-axis inductor current component i Ld , and the q-axis inductor current component i Lq through dq transformation processing;

步骤S2:将所述d轴给定电压分量vdref与所述d轴输出电压分量ud做差,所述q轴给定电压分量vqref与所述q轴输出电压分量uq做差,经过比例积分调节得到d轴调节电流参考值和q轴调节电流参考;Step S2: make a difference between the d -axis given voltage component v dref and the d-axis output voltage component ud, and the q-axis given voltage component v qref and the q-axis output voltage component u q make a difference, After proportional-integral adjustment, the d-axis adjustment current reference value and the q-axis adjustment current reference are obtained;

步骤S3:将所述d轴调节电流参考值与所述d轴电感电流分量做差,所述q轴调节电流参考值与所述q轴电感电流分量做差,经过比例积分调节与解耦得到d轴第一调节分量和q轴第一调节分量;Step S3: make a difference between the d-axis adjustment current reference value and the d-axis inductance current component, and make a difference between the q-axis adjustment current reference value and the q-axis inductance current component, and obtain through proportional integral adjustment and decoupling. the first adjustment component of the d-axis and the first adjustment component of the q-axis;

步骤S4:将所述d轴第一调节分量和q轴第一调节分量进行逆变换处理,得到储能变换器的三相调节电压,并通过脉宽调制控制储能变换器运行。Step S4: performing inverse transformation processing on the first adjustment component of the d-axis and the first adjustment component of the q-axis to obtain the three-phase adjustment voltage of the energy storage converter, and control the operation of the energy storage converter through pulse width modulation.

Claims (4)

1.一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法,应用于多台储能变换器并联运行的微电网,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:1. A battery energy storage system SOC equalization control method based on droop control, applied to a microgrid running in parallel with multiple energy storage converters, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 步骤一:构建多台储能变换器并联的交流微电网系统:Step 1: Build an AC microgrid system with multiple energy storage converters in parallel: 所述交流微电网系统包括n个储能变换器,各储能变换器的交流侧并联设置,通过并离网开关SS1连接交流电网,储能变换器直流侧各连接一个电池簇;The AC microgrid system includes n energy storage converters, the AC sides of each energy storage converter are arranged in parallel, connected to the AC power grid through the on-grid switch SS1, and the DC sides of the energy storage converters are each connected to a battery cluster; 步骤二:获取各储能变换器三相输出电压和三相输出电流,经过功率计算得到相应储能变换器输出有功功率和输出无功功率;Step 2: Obtain the three-phase output voltage and three-phase output current of each energy storage converter, and obtain the output active power and output reactive power of the corresponding energy storage converter through power calculation; 步骤三:获取各直流侧电池簇SOC、最大可用容量和输出电压,根据所述电池簇SOC、最大可用容量、输出电压、输出有功功率和输出无功功率通过改进下垂控制得到调节频率和调节电压值;Step 3: Obtain the SOC, maximum available capacity and output voltage of each DC side battery cluster, and obtain the regulation frequency and regulation voltage by improving droop control according to the battery cluster SOC, maximum available capacity, output voltage, output active power and output reactive power value; 步骤四:获取各储能变换器交流侧电感电流,根据所述电感电流、三相输出电压和调节电压值,采用电压电流双环调控,内环为电感电流,外环为负载电压控制,通过脉宽调制得到各储能变换器调制波。Step 4: Obtain the AC side inductance current of each energy storage converter. According to the inductance current, the three-phase output voltage and the adjusted voltage value, the voltage and current double-loop control is adopted, the inner loop is the inductor current, and the outer loop is the load voltage control. The modulation wave of each energy storage converter is obtained by wide modulation. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法,其特征在于:步骤三具体包括以下步骤:2. A droop control-based SOC balance control method for a battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: 步骤S1:获取各电池簇SOC、最大可用容量,当储能变换器工作于逆变状态时,根据各电池簇SOC、最大可用容量、放电限值SOCmin和安全范围内最大倍率充放电的时间计算得到放电均衡因子;Step S1: Obtain the SOC and the maximum available capacity of each battery cluster. When the energy storage converter works in the inverter state, according to the SOC of each battery cluster, the maximum available capacity, the discharge limit SOC min and the maximum rate charge and discharge time within the safe range. Calculate the discharge equalization factor; 当储能变换器工作于整流状态时,根据各电池簇SOC、最大可用容量和安全范围内最大倍率充放电的时间计算得到充电均衡因子;When the energy storage converter works in the rectification state, the charge balance factor is calculated according to the SOC of each battery cluster, the maximum usable capacity and the maximum rate charging and discharging time within the safe range; 步骤S2:获取电池簇输出电压,根据电池簇输出电压、均衡因子、有功功率和无功功率计算得到调节频率和调节电压;Step S2: obtaining the output voltage of the battery cluster, and calculating the adjustment frequency and the adjustment voltage according to the output voltage of the battery cluster, the balance factor, the active power and the reactive power; 步骤S3:根据调节频率和调节电压,经过电压合成和变换处理得到d轴给定电压分量和q轴给定电压分量。Step S3: According to the adjustment frequency and the adjustment voltage, the d-axis given voltage component and the q-axis given voltage component are obtained through voltage synthesis and transformation processing. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法,其特征在于:所述改进下垂控制的表达式具体如下:3. A droop control-based SOC balance control method for a battery energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the expression of the improved droop control is specifically as follows: 当储能变换器工作于整流状态时:When the energy storage converter works in the rectification state: fi=fn-KP(Pi-Givbati)f i =f n -K P (P i -G i v bati ) Ui=Un-KQQi U i =U n -K Q Q i
Figure FDA0003693289300000021
Figure FDA0003693289300000021
当储能变换器工作于逆变状态时:When the energy storage converter works in the inverter state: fi=fn-KP(Pi-Givbati)f i =f n -K P (P i -G i v bati ) Ui=Un-KQQi U i =U n -K Q Q i
Figure FDA0003693289300000022
Figure FDA0003693289300000022
其中,i表示储能变换器的台数,fi表示第i台储能变换器的调节频率,fn表示额定频率,Pi表示第i台储能变换器的有功功率,vbati表示第i台储能变换器直流侧电压,Gi表示均衡因子,Ui表示第i台储能变换器的调节电压值,Un表示额定电压值,Qi表示第i台储能变换器输出的无功功率,KP和KQ表示改进下垂控制中的下垂系数,SOCi表示第i台储能变换器对应的电池簇的荷电状态,SOCmin表示电池簇放电的限值,CNi表示第i台储能变换器对应的电池簇最大可用容量,T表示在安全范围内最大倍率充放电的时间。Among them, i represents the number of energy storage converters, f i represents the regulation frequency of the ith energy storage converter, f n represents the rated frequency, P i represents the active power of the ith energy storage converter, v bati represents the ith energy storage converter The DC side voltage of the energy storage converter, G i represents the balance factor, U i represents the regulated voltage value of the ith energy storage converter, Un represents the rated voltage value, and Q i represents the output of the ith energy storage converter. power, K P and K Q represent the droop coefficient in the improved droop control, SOC i represents the state of charge of the battery cluster corresponding to the ith energy storage converter, SOC min represents the discharge limit of the battery cluster, and C Ni represents the th battery cluster discharge limit. The maximum usable capacity of the battery cluster corresponding to the i energy storage converter, T represents the maximum rate charging and discharging time within the safe range.
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的一种基于下垂控制的电池储能系统SOC均衡控制方法,其特征在于:步骤四具体包括以下步骤:4. The droop control-based SOC balance control method for a battery energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein step 4 specifically includes the following steps: 步骤S1:获取每个储能变换器交流侧输出电压和电感电流,根据下垂控制得到的角频率,将所述三相输出电压和电感电流经过dq变换处理得到d轴输出电压分量、q轴输出电压分量和d轴电感电流分量、q轴电感电流分量;Step S1: obtain the AC side output voltage and inductor current of each energy storage converter, and obtain the d-axis output voltage component and the q-axis output by subjecting the three-phase output voltage and inductor current to the dq transformation process according to the angular frequency obtained by the droop control. Voltage component, d-axis inductor current component, q-axis inductor current component; 步骤S2:将所述d轴给定电压分量与所述d轴电压分量做差,所述q轴给定电压分量与所述q轴电压分量做差,经过比例积分调节得到d轴调节电流参考值和q轴调节电流参考值;Step S2: making a difference between the d-axis given voltage component and the d-axis voltage component, the q-axis given voltage component and the q-axis voltage component making a difference, and obtaining the d-axis adjustment current reference through proportional integral adjustment value and q-axis adjustment current reference value; 步骤S3:将所述d轴调节电流参考值与所述d轴电感电流分量做差,所述q轴调节电流参考值与所述q轴电感电流分量做差,经过比例积分调节与解耦得到d轴第一调节分量和q轴第一调节分量;Step S3: make a difference between the d-axis adjustment current reference value and the d-axis inductance current component, and make a difference between the q-axis adjustment current reference value and the q-axis inductance current component, and obtain through proportional integral adjustment and decoupling. the first adjustment component of the d-axis and the first adjustment component of the q-axis; 步骤S4:将所述d轴第一调节分量和q轴第一调节分量进行逆变换处理,得到储能变换器的三相调节电压,并通过脉宽调制控制储能变换器运行。Step S4: performing inverse transformation processing on the first adjustment component of the d-axis and the first adjustment component of the q-axis to obtain the three-phase adjustment voltage of the energy storage converter, and control the operation of the energy storage converter through pulse width modulation.
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