CN114999682B - Passive residual heat hydraulic test device and method for polar environment nuclear power device - Google Patents
Passive residual heat hydraulic test device and method for polar environment nuclear power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114999682B CN114999682B CN202210663304.0A CN202210663304A CN114999682B CN 114999682 B CN114999682 B CN 114999682B CN 202210663304 A CN202210663304 A CN 202210663304A CN 114999682 B CN114999682 B CN 114999682B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
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- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The test device comprises an ice making circulation loop and a pool type passive waste heat discharging system test loop, wherein the ice making loop in the ice making circulation loop is connected with a centrifugal pump through a check valve to form a test heat exchange water pool inlet, and an outlet pipeline of the heat exchange water pool is connected with the centrifugal pump and then enters the ice making loop inlet to form a circulation loop. The outlet pipeline of the electric heating evaporator in the test loop of the pool type passive waste heat discharging system is connected with the upper inlet of the tube bundle type heater, the outlet pipeline of the tube bundle type heat exchanger is connected with the shell side inlet of the shell type cooling system, and the shell side outlet pipeline of the shell type cooling system is connected with the inlet of the electric heating evaporation system to form a loop. The invention can simulate the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the passive waste heat discharging system of the nuclear power plant under the environment of motion and extreme low temperature superposition, and provides an effective test device for the related research of the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the passive waste heat discharging system in the environment of extreme low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermal hydraulic characteristic test of a passive residual heat removal system of a polar environment nuclear power device, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the thermal hydraulic characteristic of the passive residual heat removal system of the polar environment nuclear power device.
Background
With global climate change, the arctic region has a longer period of no ice in summer, and compared with a conventional power ship, the nuclear power device has the advantages of strong endurance, high energy density, small fuel volume and the like, and can execute various sailing tasks in the severe environment of the arctic region. At present, the polar region nuclear power plant in China starts later and is mostly based on an active safety system, and when a safety accident occurs, mechanical devices such as pumps and the like are required to be driven by external power input to provide enough cooling water for the reactor, so that the fusion accident caused by the overhigh temperature of the reactor core is prevented. Three major nuclear accidents in history show that the active safety device has great limitation. The passive safety design aims to ensure that the cooling agent is injected into the reactor core for cooling only by the natural force actions of gravity, natural circulation of the cooling agent, expansion work of compressed air and the like in a period of time without depending on external energy input, and then the heat of the cooling agent is led out, so that the reactor core is fully and continuously cooled. The passive waste heat discharging system starts to operate after the normal waste heat discharging system fails, and natural circulation in a system loop is utilized to lead out core decay waste heat by utilizing the processes of coolant evaporation and condensation. The low-temperature environment is easy to block a ship seawater system under the condition of poor heat exchange performance due to the fact that solid ice crystals are mixed in the seawater, so that cooling water cannot flow in, and the heat exchanger cannot be effectively cooled.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN106653109a discloses a test research device for a secondary passive waste heat removal system, which includes three water tank simulators, evaporator simulators, etc. for simulating the reliability of the design of the secondary passive waste heat removal system in the third generation reactor technology. The simulation object of the invention is a passive safety system of a reactor stationary on land, the influence of the marine motion environment on the passive waste heat discharge system cannot be simulated, meanwhile, the invention adopts liquid water for cooling, and is not suitable for a heat transfer flow test for simulating the ice-water mixture of the waste heat discharge heat exchanger under the low-temperature condition.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN209149828U discloses a multi-loop coupled passive waste heat removal system test device. The inlet condensing pipe of the passive waste heat discharging system is connected with the steam outlet of the secondary side of the steam generator, and the simulation test can be carried out on the natural circulation working conditions of the three loops. The device also uses the liquid water in the water tank to carry out heat exchange test on the waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the heat exchange simulation test under the low-temperature condition can not be carried out without an ice making loop.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN201589481U discloses a system for preparing fluidized ice by using seawater, the device mainly comprises a cooling compressor, a condenser, an ice-making heat exchanger, a dry filter and other devices, and the mixture of seawater and ice crystals can be continuously prepared by using the crystallization technology principle of seawater, but the system loop cannot regulate and control the proportion of ice crystals in seawater, and is not suitable for research requiring precisely controlling the proportion of ice crystals to perform a low-temperature environment heat exchange test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a polar environment nuclear power plant passive residual heat hydraulic test device and a method, which are not suitable for the requirements of thermal hydraulic characteristic tests of nuclear power plants under the superposition state of ocean motion conditions and low temperature conditions. The simulation of the low-temperature heat exchange condition is realized through the coupling of the ice making loop and the passive waste heat discharging system loop. The ice-making loop can adjust the ice crystal proportion in the prepared ice-water mixture, and meets the requirement of testing the influence of different ice crystal concentrations on heat exchange characteristics.
In order to meet the test purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a polar region nuclear power plant passive waste heat hydraulic test device, includes ice making circulation loop and passive waste heat of pond formula exhaust system test loop, and wherein ice making circulation loop includes ice making loop 11 and six degrees of freedom motion heat transfer pond 12, and ice making loop 11 mainly contains ice maker 1, connects ice storage thermal insulation container 2 and low temperature water tank 301 of ice maker. The main function of the low temperature water tank 301 is to dispense seawater to provide a sufficient water source for the ice maker, and simultaneously, the low temperature seawater can be injected into the ice storage thermal insulation container 2 to dispense ice-water mixture with ice crystal ratio required by the test.
The ice making loop 11 is located at the upstream of the ice-water mixture circulation loop, an output pipeline of the ice making loop is connected with the first centrifugal pump 401 through the second check valve 802, the prepared mixture with fixed proportion is injected into the circulation loop pipeline, and an outlet pipeline at the downstream of the first centrifugal pump 401 is connected with the third control valve 703 and the first flow monitoring instrument 901 for controlling the flow input of the inlet pipeline of the test heat exchange water tank and detecting the upstream flow of the test circulation loop. The inlet of the test heat exchange water tank 5 is provided with a first temperature monitoring instrument 1001 for monitoring the temperature parameter of inlet fluid. The bottom of the test heat exchange water tank 5 is connected with the upper supporting surface of the six-degree-of-freedom movement bench, the upper supporting surface is fixed by bolts, the lower supporting surface of the six-degree-of-freedom movement bench is fixed on the ground by bolts, and the upper supporting surface and the lower supporting surface are connected by six piston hydraulic rods. The second temperature monitoring instrument 1002 is located at the outlet of the bottom of the test heat exchange water tank, monitors the temperature parameter of the fluid at the outlet of the test heat exchange water tank, and the outlet pipeline of the test heat exchange water tank is connected with the second flow monitoring instrument 902 and the fourth control valve 704 and is used for monitoring the downstream flow of the test heat exchange water tank and adjusting the output flow of the test heat exchange water tank, and the differential pressure sensor 18 is connected between the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the test heat exchange water tank and is used for measuring the differential pressure change of the fluid passing through the test heat exchange water tank. The downstream outlet pipe of the fourth control valve 704 is connected with the second centrifugal pump 402, so as to provide enough driving force to realize the flowing circulation of the fluid of the ice-water mixture, and the downstream outlet pipe of the second centrifugal pump 402 is connected with the inlet pipe of the ice storage heat preservation container to finally form a circulation loop.
The test loop of the pool type passive waste heat discharging system comprises an electric heating evaporation system 13, a tube bundle type heat exchanger 14, a shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 and a water supply box 303. The electric heating evaporation system 13 mainly serves to heat the liquid water in the water supply tank 303 into steam required by the test, and control corresponding steam parameters according to the test requirements, and a downstream pipeline of the electric heating evaporation system 13 is connected with the fifth control valve 705 and the third flowmeter 903 for monitoring and controlling steam flow. The downstream pipe of the third flowmeter 903 is connected to the pipe side inlet at the upper end of the tube bundle heat exchanger 14, and the pipe side inlet pipe is provided with a third temperature sensor 1003 for monitoring the temperature parameter of the steam entering the pipe side inlet of the tube bundle heat exchanger. The tube bundle heat exchanger 14 is immersed in the ice-water mixture fluid in the test heat exchange water tank 5 for heat exchange, and the heat exchange characteristics with low-temperature fluid are studied, and the outlet pipeline of the tube bundle heat exchanger is positioned at the lower end of the tube bundle heat exchanger 14 and has a certain height difference from the inlet so as to be convenient for forming natural circulation. The lower outlet pipe of the tube bundle heat exchanger 14 is connected with a fourth flowmeter 904 and a sixth control valve 706 to control and monitor the flow of the fluid exiting the heat exchanger, while the lower outlet pipe is provided with a fourth temperature sensor 1004 to monitor the temperature parameter of the fluid exiting the tube bundle. And the shell side inlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 is connected with the downstream of the sixth control valve 706, and the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 is used for condensing the vapor which is not completely condensed in the pipeline into liquid water so as to be convenient for reheating the vapor, and meanwhile, the liquid water is cooled when the temperature of the fluid in the test loop is too high, so that accidents are prevented. The shell side downstream of the electric heating evaporator 15 in the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 is connected with the inlet of the electric heating evaporation system 13, and the condensed fluid is reintroduced into the electric heating evaporator to be heated so as to form a circulation loop. The tube side of the electrically heated evaporator 15 in the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 sequentially passes through the seventh control valve 707, the water pump 16 and the cooling water tank 302 to form a closed loop, so that the heat of the tube side fluid is led out by the circulating flow of the shell side fluid.
The ice-making circuit 11 is capable of controlling the ice crystal content of the ice-water mixture.
The flow space is divided into two parts by using a baffle in the test heat exchange water tank 5, and the outlet is positioned at the bottom of the test heat exchange water tank 5.
The surfaces of connecting pipelines in the ice making circulation loop are covered with heat insulation materials, so that the running temperature of the loop can be maintained within the range of-5 ℃ to 0 ℃.
The outside of the tube bundle heat exchanger 14 is directly contacted with an ice-water mixture at the temperature of-5 ℃ to 0 ℃ and steam at the temperature of 320 ℃ to 350 ℃ flows in the tubes.
The test heat exchange water tank 5 in the six-degree-of-freedom motion heat exchange water tank is provided with a transparent observation window for observing the flow pattern change of the ice-water mixture.
The six-degree-of-freedom motion rack 6 is provided with a plurality of piston support rods which are connected with an upper support surface and a lower support surface, and the test heat exchange water tank 5 is fixed with the upper support surface by bolts.
According to the test method of the passive waste heat hydraulic test device of the polar environment nuclear power device, an ice making circulation loop is started during polar low-temperature environment simulation test, meanwhile, an electric heating evaporator 15 is started to generate 320-350 ℃ steam, so that the inside of a tube bundle heat exchanger tube 14 is contacted with an ice-water mixture of minus 5-0 ℃ through high-temperature steam, the horizontal angle of a supporting surface on a six-degree-of-freedom motion bench 6 is regulated to simulate the thermal hydraulic characteristic process of the passive waste heat discharge system under the polar low-temperature environment superposition ocean inclined working condition, and the flow, temperature and pressure parameters of each circulation loop in the process are measured through a first-fourth flow monitoring instrument, a first-fourth temperature monitoring instrument and a differential pressure sensor 18; the ice-water mixture is extracted from the ice storage heat preservation container 2 in the test process to detect and determine the content of ice crystal particles, the flow pattern change of the ice-water mixture is observed and measured through an observation window of the test heat exchange water tank 5, the inlet and outlet of the test heat exchange water tank 5 are respectively sampled, and the content change of the ice crystal particles before and after the heat exchange process is detected, so that the dynamic characteristics of the ice crystal particles in the heat exchange process are studied.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the test system and the test method can simulate the thermodynamic hydraulic characteristics of the passive waste heat discharge system of the nuclear power plant under the superposition state of the marine motion environment and the low-temperature environment, and fully test and study the performance and the reliability of the passive waste heat discharge system under the special environment;
2. the ice making circulation loop can study the influence of different ice water mixture flow pattern characteristics on heat exchange characteristics and the dynamic behavior characteristics of ice crystals in the heat exchange and melting process through testing the transparent observation window of the heat exchange water pool and sampling data in the ice storage heat preservation container.
3. The six-degree-of-freedom motion platform can simulate the influence of motions such as rolling, pitching, leaning and pitching of the ship in the ocean along different coordinate axes of a coordinate system on the passive waste heat discharge system in a tilting and swinging mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an ice making circulation loop system.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an passive waste heat removal system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the passive residual heat hydraulic test device for the polar environment nuclear power device, the upstream of the outlet pipeline of the low-temperature water tank 301 is connected with a second control valve 702, the downstream of the second control valve 702 is connected with the inlet of the ice storage heat preservation container 2 positioned at a lower height, and the main function of the device is to inject the low-temperature seawater configured in the low-temperature water tank 301 into the ice storage heat preservation container 2 by gravity to adjust the proportion of ice crystal particles and water. The outlet of the low-temperature water tank 301 is connected with the inlet pipeline of the ice maker 1 positioned at a lower height after passing through the first control valve 701 through a heat-insulating pipeline, so as to provide the ice maker 1 with seawater required for making ice. When the test is carried out, the first control valve 701 between the low-temperature water tank 301 and the ice maker 1 is firstly opened, low-temperature seawater is injected into the ice maker 1 to start ice making, and after ice crystal particles in the ice maker meet the basic requirement of the test, the output port of the ice maker is opened, so that the mixture fluid enters the ice storage heat preservation container 2, and the ice crystal content of the ice water mixture is measured. The process simultaneously opens the second control valve 702 of the outlet pipeline of the low-temperature water tank 301 to inject low-temperature seawater into the ice storage thermal insulation container 2 to further regulate and control the ice crystal content. A first check valve 801 is provided on a heat insulation pipe between the icemaker 1 and the ice storage heat insulation container 2 to prevent the ice-water mixture from flowing backward.
As shown in fig. 1, the downstream of the outlet pipeline of the ice storage thermal insulation container 2 is connected with a second check valve 802 and a first centrifugal pump 401, the outlet of the ice storage thermal insulation container 2 is closed in the process of preparing the ice-water mixture, when the ice crystal sampling result meets the test requirement, the outlet of the ice storage thermal insulation container 2, the third control valve 703 and the first centrifugal pump 401 are opened to guide the ice-water mixture into the ice-making circulation loop pipeline, the opened state of the third control valve 703 is kept, the closed state of the fourth control valve 704 is kept, and when the water level of the ice-water mixture fluid in the test heat exchange water tank 5 reaches the test requirement, the opening of the fourth control valve 704 and the power of the second centrifugal pump 402 are adjusted, so that the inlet and outlet flow of the test heat exchange water tank 5 is kept balanced, and the internal water level is always within the test requirement range. In the process of keeping the water level stable, the first flow monitoring instrument 901 and the second flow monitoring instrument 902 record the inlet and outlet flow data of the test heat exchange water tank 5, the first temperature monitoring instrument 1001 and the second temperature monitoring instrument 1002 record the inlet and outlet fluid temperature data of the test heat exchange water tank 5, and the differential pressure sensor 18 records the pressure drop data of the fluid after passing through the test heat exchange water tank.
Fig. 2 shows a test loop of the tank type passive waste heat removal system, in which a seventh control valve 707 and a water pump 16 are sequentially opened to circulate cooling water on the tube side of the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 during a test operation. After the ice making circulation loop can maintain the stable water level of the heat exchange water tank, opening an eighth control valve 708 to enable the water supply tank 303 to inject corresponding water according to the steam parameter requirement of the test, then keeping the fifth control valve 705 and the sixth control valve 706 open to gradually increase the power of the electric heating evaporator to generate steam, recording flow data displayed by a third flowmeter 903 and a fourth flowmeter 904, closing an independent loop water pump 16 of the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 after the steam requirement reaches the test requirement parameter, and only cooling the steam in the pipe by the test heat exchange water tank 5 and establishing natural circulation. After the test device is completely started, the ice crystal melting phenomenon is observed through a transparent window of the test heat exchange water tank 5, the flow pattern characteristics of the ice-water mixture are judged, and the changes of parameters of inlet and outlet flow, pressure and temperature of the test heat exchange water tank 5 and the tube bundle heat exchanger 14 are recorded through each monitoring system. In the test stopping stage, the independent loop water pump 16 of the shell-and-tube heat exchange system 17 is started to perform additional condensation, and the power of the electric heating evaporation system 13 is gradually reduced. After the electric heating evaporation system 13 is completely closed, the ice maker 1 and the second control valve 702 of the low-temperature water tank are closed, the first control valve 701 and the first centrifugal pump 401 are closed, and the opening of the fourth control valve 704 and the second centrifugal pump 402 is kept until the ice-water mixture in the loop pipeline is completely pumped into the ice storage heat preservation container 2, and finally the fourth control valve 704 and the second centrifugal pump 402 are closed, so that residual impurities at the bottom of the test heat exchange water tank are cleaned.
Claims (8)
1. The passive residual heat removal hydraulic test device of the polar environment nuclear power device comprises an ice making circulation loop and a test loop of a pool type passive residual heat removal system;
the ice making circulation loop comprises an ice making loop (11) and a six-degree-of-freedom motion heat exchange water tank (12), wherein the ice making loop (11) comprises an ice maker (1), an ice storage heat preservation container (2) and a low-temperature water tank (301) which are connected through heat preservation pipelines, ice crystals in the ice storage heat preservation container (2) are used for storing an ice-water mixture input by the ice maker (1), and a first check valve (801) is arranged on the heat preservation pipeline between the ice maker (1) and the ice storage heat preservation container (2) to prevent the ice-water mixture from flowing backwards; the low-temperature water tank (301) provides low-temperature seawater for the ice maker (1) and the ice storage heat preservation container (2) through a heat preservation pipeline, and the flow is controlled by a first control valve (701) and a second control valve (702) on the heat preservation pipeline respectively; after the ice-water mixture output by the ice storage heat preservation container (2) enters the output pipeline and passes through the second check valve (802), the ice-water mixture is driven by the first centrifugal pump (401) to enter the main pipeline of the ice-making circulation loop; the six-degree-of-freedom motion heat exchange water tank (12) consists of a six-degree-of-freedom motion rack (6) and a test heat exchange water tank (5) arranged on the six-degree-of-freedom motion rack (6), wherein a differential pressure sensor (18) is arranged between an inlet and an outlet of the test heat exchange water tank (5); the ice-water mixture output by the first centrifugal pump (401) at the upstream of the six-degree-of-freedom motion heat exchange water tank (12) enters the main pipeline of the ice making circulation loop and then sequentially passes through the third control valve (703), the first flow monitoring instrument (901) and the first temperature monitoring instrument (1001) to enter the inlet pipeline of the wall surface of the test heat exchange water tank (5); fluid output by an outlet pipeline at the bottom surface of the test heat exchange water tank (5) enters a main pipeline of an ice making circulation loop and sequentially passes through a second temperature monitoring instrument (1002), and the second flow monitoring instrument (902), a fourth control valve (704) and a second centrifugal pump (402) enter an ice storage heat preservation container (2) to form a loop;
the test loop of the pool type passive waste heat discharging system comprises an electric heating evaporation system (13), a tube bundle type heat exchanger (14), a shell-and-tube heat exchange system (17) and a water supply tank (303); the electric heating evaporation system (13) is mainly used for heating liquid water in the water supply tank (303) into steam required by a test, controlling corresponding steam parameters according to the test requirement, and a downstream pipeline of the electric heating evaporation system (13) is connected with a fifth control valve (705) and a third flowmeter (903) and is used for monitoring and controlling steam flow; a downstream pipeline of the third flowmeter (903) is connected with a pipe side inlet at the upper end of the pipe bundle heat exchanger (14), and a third temperature sensor (1003) is arranged at a pipe side inlet pipeline to monitor the temperature parameter of steam entering the pipe side inlet of the pipe bundle heat exchanger; the tube bundle heat exchanger (14) is immersed in the ice-water mixture fluid in the test heat exchange water tank (5) to exchange heat, the heat exchange characteristics with low-temperature fluid are studied, an outlet pipeline of the tube bundle heat exchanger is positioned at the lower end of the tube bundle heat exchanger (14), and a certain height difference is formed between the outlet pipeline and an inlet, so that natural circulation is formed; the outlet pipeline at the lower end of the tube bundle heat exchanger (14) is connected with a fourth flowmeter (904) and a sixth control valve (706) to control and monitor the outlet fluid flow of the waste heat discharging heat exchanger, and meanwhile, the outlet pipeline at the lower end is provided with a fourth temperature sensor (1004) to monitor the temperature parameter of the outlet fluid of the tube bundle; a shell side inlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchange system (17) is connected to the downstream of the sixth control valve (706), and the shell-and-tube heat exchange system (17) is used for condensing the vapor which is not completely condensed in the pipeline into liquid water so as to be convenient for reheating the vapor, and meanwhile, when the temperature of the fluid in the test loop is too high, the cooling is carried out to prevent accidents; the downstream of the shell side of the electric heating evaporator (15) in the shell-and-tube heat exchange system (17) is connected with the inlet of the electric heating evaporation system (13), and the condensed fluid is reintroduced into the electric heating evaporation system for heating to form a circulation loop; in the shell-and-tube heat exchange system (17), a closed loop is formed by a seventh control valve (707), a water pump (16) and a cooling water tank (302) on the tube side of the electrically heated evaporator (15), so that the heat of the tube side fluid is led out by the circulating flow of the shell side fluid.
2. A polar environment nuclear power plant passive residual heat hydraulic test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ice-making circuit (11) is capable of controlling the ice crystal content in the ice-water mixture.
3. The passive residual heat hydraulic test device for the polar environment nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein a baffle plate is used in the test heat exchange water tank (5) to divide a flowing space into two parts, and an outlet is positioned at the bottom of the test heat exchange water tank (5).
4. The passive residual heat hydraulic test device for the polar environment nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the surfaces of connecting pipelines in the ice making circulation loop are covered with heat insulation materials, so that the operation temperature of the loop can be maintained within the range of-5 ℃ to 0 ℃.
5. The passive residual heat hydraulic test device for the polar environment nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the outside of the tube bundle type heat exchanger (14) is in direct contact with an ice-water mixture at the temperature of-5 ℃ to 0 ℃ and steam at the temperature of 320 ℃ to 350 ℃ flows in the tube.
6. The passive residual heat hydraulic test device for the polar environment nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the six-degree-of-freedom motion heat exchange water tank is characterized in that the test heat exchange water tank (5) is provided with a transparent observation window for observing the change of the flow pattern of the ice-water mixture.
7. The passive residual heat hydraulic test device for the polar region nuclear power device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the six-degree-of-freedom movement bench (6) is provided with a plurality of piston support rods which are connected with an upper support surface and a lower support surface, and a test heat exchange water tank (5) is fixed with the upper support surface by bolts.
8. A test method of a passive residual heat hydraulic test device for a polar environment nuclear power plant as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by: opening an ice making circulation loop during a polar region low-temperature environment simulation test, simultaneously opening an electric heating evaporator (15) to generate 320-350 ℃ steam, enabling the inside of a tube bundle type heat exchanger (14) to pass through high-temperature steam, enabling the outside of the tube to contact with an ice-water mixture at the temperature of minus 5-0 ℃, simulating a thermodynamic hydraulic characteristic process of an passive waste heat discharging system under a polar region low-temperature environment superposition ocean inclined working condition by adjusting the horizontal angle of a supporting surface on a six-degree-of-freedom motion bench (6), wherein the flow, temperature and pressure parameters of each circulation loop are measured through a first flow monitoring instrument, a second flow monitoring instrument, a third temperature monitoring instrument and a differential pressure sensor (18); the ice-water mixture is extracted from the ice storage heat preservation container (2) in the test process to detect and determine the content of ice crystal particles, the flow pattern change of the ice-water mixture is observed and measured through an observation window of the test heat exchange water tank (5), the ice-water mixture is sampled at an inlet and an outlet of the test heat exchange water tank (5) respectively, and the content change of the ice crystal particles before and after the heat exchange process is detected so as to study the dynamic characteristics of the ice crystal particles in the heat exchange process.
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