CN114989183B - 一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于化学测试分析领域,涉及一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器及其制备方法,其制备方法步骤为:(1)罗丹明B与乙二胺合成2‑(2‑氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺;(2)方酸与2‑(2‑氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺通过缩合反应合成半方酸菁化学传感器。本发明的半方酸菁化学传感器合成过程简单,成本低,反应条件容易控制,并且可以有效的识别并检测溶液中的Fe3+,具有良好的选择性和抗干扰性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学测试分析领域,特别涉及一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器及其制备方法。
背景技术
Fe3+是生物体中必需微量元素的一种,许多生理或病理过程如氧气转运,细胞代谢和酶催化等都与Fe3+含量或价态的改变有关,如果人体内Fe3+含量超过或低于正常标准,将引起细胞内稳态的改变,导致贫血、糖尿病和心力衰竭等。随着工业的发展,环境中的水和土壤都被各种重金属离子污染,严重威胁着许多生物的生存以及人类的生存和发展。因此,寻找一种快速有效的检测不同环境中Fe3+的方法是很必要的,现在的伏安法,电感耦合等离子体质谱法和原子吸收光谱法大多数需要昂贵和复杂的仪器和繁琐的样品制备程序,这限制了它们实际中用于Fe3+的检测。
方酸菁作为一种新型的有机功能染料,其在近红外吸收波长位于紫外可见区域,且该类染料的光、热稳定性好,因此在光学记录与存贮、液晶显示等领域显示出优异的应用性能,方酸菁染料是由吸电子的方酸和供电子基团构成的D-π-D共轭体系结构,它具有独特的光电特性,在溶液中有强荧光发射和强紫外-可见吸收,具有识别金属离子的特性。
发明内容
为了克服上述缺点,本发明制备了一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器,该方法成本低,操作简单,灵敏度、选择性高,更容易实现普及。
一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器的反应方程式和制备步骤如下:
(1)在N2保护下,将罗丹明B加入到无水乙醇中,将反应器避光安置,缓慢滴加乙二胺,在70-80℃加热并回流24h,反应结束后减压去除溶剂,并用去离子水和二氯甲烷进行萃取,所得有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后在60℃下真空干燥,得到淡黄色固体2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺;
(2)将步骤(1)制备的2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺和方酸加入到甲苯/正丁醇的混合溶液中,135℃加热并回流6h,用分水器除去反应中生成的水,反应结束后滤出粗产物,用去离子水和二氯甲烷进行萃取,合并水相并旋干,硅胶柱色谱法纯化得到紫色粉末状半方酸菁化学传感器(LDSQ)。
特别的,步骤(1)中罗丹明B与乙二胺的摩尔比为1:7。
特别的,步骤(2)中2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺和方酸的摩尔比为1:1,甲苯与正丁醇的体积比为1:1。
特别的,步骤(2)中硅胶柱色谱法纯化的洗脱剂为二氯甲烷和甲醇,二氯甲烷与甲醇的体积比为5:1。
与现有技术相比,本发明有益之处如下:
(1)制备方法简单,成本低,容易操作;
(2)制备的半方酸菁化学传感器选择性强,可以根据荧光淬灭现象快速识别Fe3+;
(3)制备的半方酸菁化学传感器抗干扰能力强,可以定量检测Fe3+,检测上限和下限分别为0.291mM和3.707×10-3mM。
附图说明
图1为半方酸菁化学传感器的核磁共振氢谱图。
图2为半方酸菁化学传感器的质谱图。
图3为实施例1中制备的半方酸菁化学传感器对Fe3+识别的荧光发射光谱。
图4为实施例1中制备的半方酸菁化学传感器在其他金属离子存在的条件下对Fe3+识别的影响。
图5为实施例1中制备的半方酸菁化学传感器与不同浓度的Fe3+络合后的荧光发射光谱。
具体实施方式
现结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。
实施例1
(1)在N2保护下,将罗丹明B(1.5g,3.13mmol)加入到100g无水乙醇中,将反应器避光安置,缓慢滴加乙二胺(1.32g,21.91mmol),在75℃加热并回流24h,反应结束后减压去除溶剂,并用去离子水和二氯甲烷进行萃取,所得有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后在60℃下真空干燥,得到淡黄色固体2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺;
(2)将2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺(400mg,0.82mmol)和方酸(95mg,0.82mmol)加入到甲苯/正丁醇的混合溶液中,甲苯和正丁醇各15mL,135℃加热并回流6h,并用分水器除去反应中生成的水,反应结束后滤出粗产物,用去离子水和二氯甲烷进行萃取,合并水相并旋干,然后用硅胶柱色谱法纯化,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷和甲醇,二氯甲烷与甲醇的体积比为5:1,得到紫色粉末状半方酸菁化学传感器(LDSQ)。
根据图1中1H NMR(300MHz,重水):δ7.92-7.85(m,1H),7.62-7.37(m,4H),7.15-6.92(m,5H),3.55(q,J=7.8,7.4Hz,8H),3.42(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),2.60(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),1.03(t,J=7.1Hz,12H),图2中质谱图[M+H]+为581.2755说明合成了目标物质半方酸菁化学传感器(LDSQ)。
传感器对Fe3+的识别测试:
取17支试管并且依次进行编码(1-17),向试管中均加入3mL浓度为1.7×10-4mol/L的LDSQ的乙醇溶液,1号为原样不变,向2-17号中分别滴加0.05mL的Ba2+,Na2+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Fe3 +,K+,Co2+,Zn2+,Cr3+,Pb2+,Al3+,Ag+,Mg2+,Ni2+,Hg2+,Cu2+的1×10-2mol/L的硝酸盐溶液,充分震荡、静置。首先裸眼观察16支试管中溶液的颜色变化,再采用荧光发射光谱观察LDSQ的乙醇溶液对阳离子的识别情况。如图3所示,加入Fe3+后,LDSQ的乙醇溶液在580nm处的荧光强度下降,发生荧光淬灭,相同的条件下,其它的金属离子没有引起荧光强度的显著变化,这证明了所制备的半方酸菁化学传感器对Fe3+的识别有专一选择性。
在实际应用中,用于识别目标物质的传感器会受到其他潜在竞争物质的干扰。因此,为了探讨半方酸菁化学传感器在其他离子存在下是否仍具有对Fe3+的特异性选择性,进行了抗干扰实验。如图4所示,LDSQ-Fe3+在其他金属离子干扰时,依然能使荧光发生淬灭且荧光变化程度与只有Fe3+存在时基本保持一致,所以LDSQ对Fe3+专一性识别不受其他金属离子的影响,具有优异的抗干扰性能。
如图5所示,取浓度为1.7×10-4mol/L的LDSQ的乙醇溶液50mL,在其中逐渐滴加Fe3 +,随着Fe3+浓度的不断增加,LDSQ的乙醇溶液的荧光强度迅速下降,当溶液中Fe3+的浓度达到0.291mM时荧光强度基本不再下降,此时基本不再显示荧光,LDSQ的乙醇溶液的荧光强度与滴加的Fe3+离子的浓度(0-0.291mM)存在良好的线性关系,表明LDSQ的乙醇溶液可以定量检测Fe3+,最低检测限为3.707×10-3mM。
以本发明的实施例为启示,根据上述的说明内容,相关工作人员可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更和修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于以上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器,其特征在于,所述半方酸菁化学传感器结构式为
。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)在N2保护下,将罗丹明B加入到无水乙醇中,将反应器避光安置,缓慢滴加乙二胺,在70-80℃加热并回流24h,反应结束后减压去除溶剂,并用去离子水和二氯甲烷进行萃取,所得有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后在60°C下真空干燥,得到淡黄色固体2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺;
(2)将步骤(1)制备的2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺和方酸加入到甲苯/正丁醇的混合溶液中,135℃加热并回流6h,用分水器除去反应中生成的水,反应结束后滤出粗产物,用去离子水和二氯甲烷进行萃取,合并水相并旋干,硅胶柱色谱法纯化得到紫色粉末状半方酸菁化学传感器(LDSQ)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器的制备方法,其特征是在于,所述步骤(1)中罗丹明B和乙二胺的摩尔比为1:7。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器的制备方法,其特征是在于,所述步骤(2)中2-(2-氨基乙基)罗丹明B酰胺和方酸的摩尔比为1:1,甲苯与正丁醇的体积比为1:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种识别Fe3+的半方酸菁化学传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中硅胶柱色谱法纯化采用的洗脱剂为二氯甲烷和甲醇的混合溶液,二氯甲烷与甲醇的体积比为5:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的半方酸菁化学传感器的应用,其特征在于,所述半方酸菁化学传感器用于非治疗目的的选择性识别并检测溶液中的Fe3+。
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