CN114988824A - Anti-cracking preparation method for large-size raft plate foundation concrete - Google Patents
Anti-cracking preparation method for large-size raft plate foundation concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN114988824A CN114988824A CN202210557514.1A CN202210557514A CN114988824A CN 114988824 A CN114988824 A CN 114988824A CN 202210557514 A CN202210557514 A CN 202210557514A CN 114988824 A CN114988824 A CN 114988824A
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- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- KPZTWMNLAFDTGF-UHFFFAOYSA-D trialuminum;potassium;hexahydroxide;disulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KPZTWMNLAFDTGF-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 6
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete preparation, and discloses a preparation method for preventing cracking of mass raft plate foundation concrete; the method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting raw materials; s2, preparing raw materials; according to the invention, the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved by matching the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the syrup, the admixture, the auxiliary material, the ingredients, the admixture, the fly ash and other raw materials, the additive and the expanding agent can well play a synergistic effect through reasonable proportion, the compactness of the concrete can be effectively enhanced through uniform expansion when the expanding agent is used for the concrete, and various expansion sources in the expanding agent are matched with the auxiliary material and the ingredients, so that gaps in the cement during shrinkage cracking can be filled, the compactness of the concrete is improved, the application of water quantity and the use of cement are reduced, and the risk of cement cracking in the pouring process and the later use process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method for preventing cracking of large-size raft plate foundation concrete.
Background
The raft foundation is characterized in that independent foundations or strip foundations under columns are connected through connecting beams, a bottom plate is integrally poured below the foundations, the raft foundation is integrally composed of the bottom plate, the beams and the like, the building load is large, the foundation bearing capacity is weak, a concrete bottom plate is usually adopted to bear the building load to form the raft foundation, the integrity is good, the uneven settlement of the foundation can be well resisted, and the raft foundation is divided into a flat plate type raft foundation and a beam plate type raft foundation.
The existing raft is large in the section size of a large-volume concrete structure, cracks are generally formed in a short period of concrete pouring, at the moment, design load is not acted on the structure yet, so that the possibility of causing the cracks by external load is low, but because the hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction, the large-volume concrete has certain heat preservation performance, the internal temperature rise amplitude is much larger than the temperature rise amplitude of the surface layer of the large-volume concrete, and in the temperature reduction process after the temperature rise peak value of the concrete, the internal temperature reduction speed is much slower than the surface layer of the large-volume concrete, in the processes, the temperature deformation of each part of the concrete and the temperature stress generated in the concrete due to the mutual constraint and the external constraint are quite complicated, once the temperature stress exceeds the tensile force limit value which the concrete can bear, the concrete cracks can appear, so that the requirement on the concrete is high, therefore, a preparation method for preventing the cracking of the large-volume raft foundation plate concrete is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a preparation method for preventing cracking of large-volume raft plate foundation concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method for preventing cracking of large-volume raft plate foundation concrete comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting raw materials: 400 parts of cement, 50-90 parts of admixture, 200 parts of sugar water, 500 parts of fine aggregate, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 10-15 parts of expanding agent, 10-14 parts of additive, 60-80 parts of fly ash, 5-12 parts of water reducing agent, 20-30 parts of auxiliary material, 15-35 parts of organic fiber, 50-70 parts of ingredient, 1-3 parts of bauxite, 1-3 parts of soda ash, 10-30 parts of iron slag and 4-6 parts of anti-cracking auxiliary agent.
S2: preparing raw materials: placing the ingredients obtained in the step S1 in a crushing device, crushing the ingredients into crushed materials with the diameter width of 1-3cm through the crushing device, calcining the crushed materials at the temperature of 1000-1350 ℃ for 60-90min at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, placing the crushed ingredients in a grinder, grinding into powder, filtering through a filter screen, placing the powder in a storage device for later use, placing the admixture, the sugar water and the auxiliary materials obtained in the step S1 in a stirring device for mixing for 5-10min to obtain a first mixture, placing the iron slag, the soda, the bauxite, the organic fibers and the fly ash in a mixing device, mixing for 7-15min to obtain a second mixture, placing the cement, the admixture, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate and the expanding agent in the mixing device for mixing for 30-60min to obtain a third mixture, and then placing the third mixture, and placing the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the second mixture, the first mixture, the ingredients, the water reducing agent and the expanding agent in a mixing device, and processing for 10-30min to obtain the concrete.
Preferably, the admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of limestone, 1-2 parts of sepiolite, 24-38 parts of hectorite and 22-40 parts of halloysite.
Preferably, the cement is one of slag portland cement, pozzolana cement or sulfate cement, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone or pebble with the particle size of 5-40mm, the fine aggregate is medium sand with the fineness modulus of 2.8, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Preferably, the ingredients comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of gypsum, 3-6 parts of polyacrylamide and 6-10 parts of sucrose ester.
Preferably, the expanding agent consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.1-4 parts of sodium metaaluminate, 5-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10-30 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate cement clinker, 10-30 parts of natural alunite and 20-50 parts of natural anhydrous gypsum.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise 2-5 parts of corn stigma, 10-20 parts of glutinous rice glue and 35-45 parts of edible fungus residues.
Preferably, the anti-cracking assistant comprises 5-10 parts of amylose, 7-15 parts of calcium formate and 7-15 parts of acrylic acid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method for preventing cracking of large-volume raft plate foundation concrete, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved by matching the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the syrup, the admixture, the auxiliary material, the ingredients, the admixture, the fly ash and other raw materials, the additive and the expanding agent can well play a synergistic effect through reasonable proportioning, the compactness of the concrete can be effectively enhanced through uniform expansion when the expanding agent is used for the concrete, and multiple expansion sources in the expanding agent are matched with the auxiliary material and the ingredients, so that gaps in the cement during shrinkage cracking can be filled, the compactness of the concrete is improved, the application of water quantity and the use of cement are reduced, and the risk of cement cracking in the pouring process and the later use process is reduced;
2. the method has the advantages of simple process, simple steps, mechanical production of more steps in the production process, high degree of mechanization, low material requirement, batch production, low production cost and high economic benefit;
3. according to the invention, by arranging the auxiliary materials, the ingredients, the organic fibers, the bauxite, the soda ash, the iron slag and other materials, the strength of the concrete can be effectively increased, the impact resistance, the stress resistance and the deformation resistance of the concrete are improved, and the risk of cracking of the concrete is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a preparation method for preventing cracking of large-volume raft plate foundation concrete provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a large-volume raft foundation plate for preventing cracking includes the following steps:
s1: selecting raw materials: 360 parts of cement, 80 parts of admixture, 160 parts of sugar water, 800 parts of fine aggregate, 1100 parts of coarse aggregate, 11 parts of expanding agent, 11 parts of additive, 68 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of water reducing agent, 22 parts of auxiliary material, 22 parts of organic fiber, 66 parts of burdening, 2 parts of bauxite, 2 parts of soda ash, 20 parts of iron slag and 5 parts of anti-cracking auxiliary agent.
S2: preparing raw materials: placing the ingredients obtained in the step S1 in a crushing device, crushing the ingredients into crushed materials with the diameter width of 2cm through the crushing device, calcining the crushed materials at the high temperature of 1100 ℃ for 65min, cooling to room temperature, placing the crushed ingredients in a grinder, grinding into powder, filtering through a filter screen, placing the powder in a storage device for later use, placing the additive, the sugar water and the auxiliary materials obtained in the step S1 in a stirring device for mixing for 5-10min to obtain a first mixture, placing the iron slag, the calcined soda, the bauxite, the organic fibers and the fly ash in a mixing device, mixing for 13min to obtain a second mixture, placing the cement, the admixture, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate and the expanding agent in the mixing device for mixing for 50min to obtain a third mixture, and then placing the third mixture, the anti-cracking assistant, the second mixture, the first mixture and the ingredients in the mixing device, And placing the water reducing agent and the expanding agent in a mixing device for processing for 20min to obtain the concrete.
The admixture is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 6 parts of limestone, 1 part of sepiolite, 33 parts of hectorite and 33 parts of halloysite.
The cement is one of slag portland cement, volcanic ash cement or sulfate cement, the coarse aggregate is 20mm particle size broken stone or pebble, the fine aggregate is medium sand with fineness modulus of 2.8, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The ingredients comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of gypsum, 4 parts of polyacrylamide and 8 parts of sucrose ester.
The expanding agent consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1 part of sodium metaaluminate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20 parts of natural alunite and 30 parts of natural anhydrous gypsum.
The auxiliary materials comprise 4 parts of corn stigma, 15 parts of glutinous rice glue and 40 parts of edible fungus residues.
The anti-cracking auxiliary agent comprises 7 parts of amylose, 9 parts of calcium formate and 10 parts of acrylic acid.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a large-volume raft foundation plate for preventing cracking includes the following steps:
s1: selecting raw materials: 350 parts of cement, 70 parts of admixture, 180 parts of sugar water, 900 parts of fine aggregate, 1100 parts of coarse aggregate, 15 parts of expanding agent, 14 parts of additive, 80 parts of fly ash, 7 parts of water reducing agent, 25 parts of auxiliary material, 25 parts of organic fiber, 60 parts of accessory, 2 parts of bauxite, 2 parts of soda ash, 20 parts of iron slag and 5 parts of anti-cracking auxiliary agent.
S2: preparing raw materials: placing the mixture obtained in S1 in a crushing device, crushing the mixture into crushed materials with diameter width of 2cm by the crushing device, calcining the crushed materials at 1350 ℃ for 60min at high temperature, then cooling to room temperature, placing the crushed ingredients into a grinder, grinding into powder, filtering through a filter screen, placing into a storage device for later use, placing the additive, the sugar water and the auxiliary materials obtained in the step S1 into a stirring device for mixing, wherein the mixing time is 8min to obtain a first mixture, placing the iron slag, the soda ash, the bauxite, the organic fiber and the fly ash into a mixing device, mixing for 11min to obtain a second mixture, placing the cement, the admixture, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate and the expanding agent into the mixing device, mixing for 50min to obtain a third mixture, and then placing the third mixture, the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the second mixture, the first mixture, the ingredients, the water reducing agent and the expanding agent in a mixing device for processing for 20min to obtain the concrete.
The admixture is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 6 parts of limestone, 1 part of sepiolite, 28 parts of hectorite and 24 parts of halloysite.
The cement is one of slag portland cement, volcanic ash cement or sulfate cement, the coarse aggregate is 20mm particle size broken stone or pebble, the fine aggregate is medium sand with fineness modulus of 2.8, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The ingredients comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 8 parts of sucrose ester.
The expanding agent consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of sodium metaaluminate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 22 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate cement clinker, 22 parts of natural alunite and 44 parts of natural anhydrous gypsum.
The auxiliary materials comprise 5 parts of corn stigma, 15 parts of glutinous rice glue and 40 parts of edible fungus residues.
The anti-cracking auxiliary agent comprises 7 parts of amylose, 11 parts of calcium formate and 11 parts of acrylic acid.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a large-volume raft foundation plate for preventing cracking includes the following steps:
s1: selecting raw materials: 350 parts of cement, 70 parts of admixture, 180 parts of sugar water, 850 parts of fine aggregate, 1150 parts of coarse aggregate, 15 parts of expanding agent, 14 parts of additive, 70 parts of fly ash, 9 parts of water reducing agent, 26 parts of auxiliary material, 24 parts of organic fiber, 60 parts of batching, 2 parts of bauxite, 2 parts of soda ash, 20 parts of iron slag and 4-6 parts of anti-cracking auxiliary agent.
S2: preparing raw materials: placing the mixture obtained in the S1 in a crushing device, crushing the mixture into crushed materials with the diameter width of 1-3cm by the crushing device, calcining the crushed materials at 1250 ℃ for 65min at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, placing the crushed mixture in a grinder, grinding the crushed mixture into powder, filtering the powder by a filter screen, placing the powder in a storage device for later use, placing the additive, the sugar water and the auxiliary material obtained in the S1 in a stirring device for mixing for 8min to obtain a first mixture, placing the iron slag, the soda ash, the bauxite, the organic fiber and the fly ash in a mixing device, mixing for 11min to obtain a second mixture, placing the cement, the admixture, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate and the expanding agent in the mixing device for mixing for 50min to obtain a third mixture, and then placing the third mixture, the anti-cracking assistant, the second mixture, the first mixture, the mixture, And placing the water reducing agent and the expanding agent in a mixing device for processing for 20min to obtain the concrete.
The admixture is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 6 parts of limestone, 2 parts of sepiolite, 30 parts of hectorite and 30 parts of halloysite.
The cement is one of slag portland cement, volcanic ash cement or sulfate cement, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone or pebble with the particle size of 5-40mm, the fine aggregate is medium sand with the fineness modulus of 2.8, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The ingredients comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 8 parts of sucrose ester.
The expanding agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of sodium metaaluminate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 2 parts of natural alunite and 30 parts of natural anhydrous gypsum.
The auxiliary materials comprise 4 parts of corn stigma, 15 parts of glutinous rice glue and 40 parts of edible fungus residues.
The anti-cracking auxiliary agent comprises 8 parts of amylose, 11 parts of calcium formate and 8 parts of acrylic acid.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a large-volume raft foundation plate for preventing cracking includes the following steps:
s1: selecting raw materials: 250 parts of cement, 80 parts of admixture, 160 parts of sugar water, 900 parts of fine aggregate, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 10 parts of expanding agent, 11 parts of additive, 70 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of water reducing agent, 20 parts of auxiliary material, 27 parts of organic fiber, 60 parts of auxiliary material, 3 parts of bauxite, 3 parts of soda ash, 20 parts of iron slag and 5 parts of anti-cracking auxiliary agent.
S2: preparing raw materials: placing the mixture obtained in S1 in a crushing device, crushing the mixture into crushed materials with the diameter width of 2cm by the crushing device, calcining the crushed materials at 1150 ℃ for 80min, then cooling to room temperature, placing the crushed ingredients into a grinder, grinding into powder, filtering through a filter screen, placing into a storage device for later use, placing the additive, the sugar water and the auxiliary materials obtained in the step S1 into a stirring device for mixing, wherein the mixing time is 7min to obtain a first mixture, placing the iron slag, the soda ash, the bauxite, the organic fiber and the fly ash into a mixing device, mixing for 14min to obtain a second mixture, placing the cement, the admixture, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate and the expanding agent into the mixing device, mixing for 50min to obtain a third mixture, and then placing the third mixture, the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the second mixture, the first mixture, the ingredients, the water reducing agent and the expanding agent in a mixing device for processing for 20min to obtain the concrete.
The admixture is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 6 parts of limestone, 2 parts of sepiolite, 32 parts of hectorite and 33 parts of halloysite.
The cement is one of slag portland cement, volcanic ash cement or sulfate cement, the coarse aggregate is 30mm particle size broken stone or pebble, the fine aggregate is medium sand with fineness modulus of 2.8, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The ingredients comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 9 parts of sucrose ester.
The expanding agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3 parts of sodium metaaluminate, 7.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20 parts of natural alunite and 40 parts of natural anhydrous gypsum.
The auxiliary materials comprise 3 parts of corn stigma, 15 parts of glutinous rice glue and 40 parts of edible fungus residue.
The anti-cracking auxiliary agent comprises 7 parts of amylose, 11 parts of calcium formate and 11 parts of acrylic acid.
According to the invention, the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved by matching the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the syrup, the additive and the fly ash and other raw materials, the additive and the expanding agent can well play a synergistic effect through reasonable proportion, and the compactness of the concrete can be effectively enhanced through uniform expansion when the expanding agent is used for the concrete;
selecting cement: the cement with low hydration heat and high strength is adopted to reduce the hydration heat of the cement and improve the anti-cracking capability of the concrete, such as slag portland cement, pozzolana cement or sulfate cement, the cement consumption in the concrete is reduced, and the main reason for generating cracks in the mass concrete is that a large amount of heat is released in the hydration process of the cement, so the cement consumption in the concrete is reduced as much as possible, the temperature rise of the concrete is reduced, the volume stability of the hardened concrete is improved, the water consumption is reduced by mixing a mixed material, the cement is saved, the adiabatic temperature rise of the concrete is reduced, the anti-cracking capability of the concrete is improved, and the generation rate of the hydration heat is slowed down by mixing an additive;
selecting coarse aggregate: the concrete has the advantages that the aggregate which is good in heat conductivity, small in linear expansion coefficient and reasonable in gradation is adopted, the temperature stress of the concrete is reduced, the water consumption can be reduced by 6-8kg/m3 compared with that of broken stone or pebble concrete with the grain diameter of 5-25mm by 5-40mm, the cement consumption is reduced by 15kg/m3, the bleeding shrinkage and the hydration heat are reduced, the reasonable maximum grain diameter is selected according to the minimum section size of the structure and the inner diameter of a pumping pipeline, the stones with larger grain diameter and excellent quality are selected as far as possible, the water consumption can be reduced, the cement consumption can be correspondingly reduced, the shrinkage and bleeding phenomena of the concrete can be reduced, and natural continuous-gradation coarse aggregate is preferably selected to enable the concrete to have better pumpability, the water consumption and the cement consumption are reduced, and the hydration heat is further reduced;
selecting fine aggregate: when fine aggregate is selected, medium-coarse sand with larger average grain size and good gradation is adopted, so that the drying shrinkage of concrete is reduced, the hydration heat is reduced, the fine aggregate which plays an important role in controlling the crack of the concrete is preferably adopted, the medium-coarse sand with good gradation is preferably adopted, the water consumption can be reduced by 20-25kg/m3 by adopting the medium-coarse sand with the fineness modulus of 2.8 compared with the medium-coarse sand with the fineness modulus of 2.3, the cement consumption can be reduced by 28-35kg/m3, and the cement hydration heat, the concrete temperature rise and the shrinkage are reduced.
The poured raft is maintained in cracking prevention by adopting a chloride extraction method and an alkaline restoration method or a cathode protection method, and an electric field is reasonably applied to initiate an electrochemical reaction, so that the ion distribution state in concrete or reinforced concrete is properly changed, the GS value around the reinforcing steel bar is effectively improved, the reinforcing steel bar is passivated, and the main purpose of corrosion prevention is really achieved.
In general, in order to delay the setting time of the pumped concrete, a retarder is added, otherwise, the setting time is too early, the bonding of the concrete pouring surface is influenced, interlayer gaps are easy to appear, the water resistance, crack resistance and overall strength of the concrete are reduced, and in order to prevent the initial cracks of the concrete, an expanding agent is added, but the selection of the expanding agent needs attention.
The admixture mainly refers to a water reducing agent and an expanding agent, the concrete is doped with a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent accounting for 0.25 percent of the weight of cement, the working performance of the concrete is obviously improved, 10 percent of mixing water is reduced, about 10 percent of cement is saved, the hydration heat is reduced, a proper amount of the water reducing agent is added, the fluidity of the concrete can be effectively increased, the hydration rate of the cement can be improved, the strength of the concrete is enhanced, the hydration heat can be reduced, the release speed of the hydration heat can be obviously delayed, the common water reducing agent can enable the concrete to realize at least 5 percent of water reduction, for the concrete aged 3-7 days, the compressive strength of the concrete can be improved by 10 percent, the strength of the concrete aged 28 days is improved by at least 5 percent, the common water reducing agent mainly comprises a calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent, and the calcium lignosulfonate water reducing agent belongs to an anionic surface active agent, when concrete is mixed with human, the amount of the concrete is 0.2-0.3% of the amount of cement, the water reducing rate reaches about 5-15%, when the water consumption is unchanged, the strength of the concrete can be improved by about 100/c-15%, and the water consumption for mixing the concrete can be greatly reduced by the high-efficiency water reducing agent to be at least more than 10%, or the flowing speed of the concrete is obviously improved.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method for preventing cracking of large-size raft plate foundation concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps;
s1: selecting raw materials: 400 parts of cement, 50-90 parts of admixture, 200 parts of sugar water, 500 parts of fine aggregate, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate, 10-15 parts of expanding agent, 10-14 parts of additive, 60-80 parts of fly ash, 5-12 parts of water reducing agent, 20-30 parts of auxiliary material, 15-35 parts of organic fiber, 50-70 parts of ingredient, 1-3 parts of bauxite, 1-3 parts of soda ash, 10-30 parts of iron slag and 4-6 parts of anti-cracking auxiliary agent.
S2: preparing raw materials: placing the ingredients obtained in the step S1 in a crushing device, crushing the ingredients into crushed materials with the diameter width of 1-3cm through the crushing device, calcining the crushed materials at the temperature of 1000-1350 ℃ for 60-90min at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, placing the crushed ingredients in a grinder, grinding into powder, filtering through a filter screen, placing the powder in a storage device for later use, placing the admixture, the sugar water and the auxiliary materials obtained in the step S1 in a stirring device for mixing for 5-10min to obtain a first mixture, placing the iron slag, the soda, the bauxite, the organic fibers and the fly ash in a mixing device, mixing for 7-15min to obtain a second mixture, placing the cement, the admixture, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate and the expanding agent in the mixing device for mixing for 30-60min to obtain a third mixture, and then placing the third mixture, and placing the anti-cracking auxiliary agent, the second mixture, the first mixture, the ingredients, the water reducing agent and the expanding agent in a mixing device, and processing for 10-30min to obtain the concrete.
2. The method for preparing the large-volume raft plate foundation concrete for preventing cracking according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of limestone, 1-2 parts of sepiolite, 24-38 parts of hectorite and 22-40 parts of halloysite.
3. The method for preparing the large-volume raft plate foundation concrete for preventing cracking according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cement is one of slag portland cement, pozzolana cement or sulfate cement, the coarse aggregate is broken stone or pebble with the particle size of 5-40mm, the fine aggregate is medium sand with the fineness modulus of 2.8, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
4. The method for preparing the large-volume raft plate foundation concrete for preventing cracking according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ingredients comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of gypsum, 3-6 parts of polyacrylamide and 6-10 parts of sucrose ester.
5. The method for preparing the large-volume raft plate foundation concrete for preventing cracking according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the expanding agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-4 parts of sodium metaaluminate, 5-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10-30 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate cement clinker, 10-30 parts of natural alunite and 20-50 parts of natural anhydrous gypsum.
6. The method for preparing the large-volume raft plate foundation concrete for preventing cracking according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the auxiliary materials comprise 2-5 parts of corn stigma, 10-20 parts of glutinous rice glue and 35-45 parts of edible fungus residues.
7. The method for preparing the large-volume raft plate foundation concrete for preventing cracking according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the anti-cracking auxiliary agent comprises 5-10 parts of amylose, 7-15 parts of calcium formate and 7-15 parts of acrylic acid.
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