CN109095809B - Expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and application method thereof - Google Patents
Expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of anti-crack expanding agent, 20-40% of micro-beads, 25-45% of coal gangue, 0.1-8% of modified basalt fiber and 1-5% of additive. According to the invention, the anti-cracking expanding agent and the modified basalt fiber can play a role in superposition compensation shrinkage in concrete, and have double anti-cracking and waterproof functions; the basalt fiber is better combined with concrete through modification, and the structural compactness of the concrete is increased on the basis of not influencing the construction performance of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of expansion anti-cracking waterproof building materials, and particularly relates to an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a using method thereof.
Background
With the increasing number of construction projects, the problem of concrete shrinkage cracking is increasingly prominent, and the durability, the bearing capacity and the waterproof performance of concrete are seriously influenced. The concrete structure has three main causes of generating cracks: firstly, the cracks are caused by external loads and are most common, and mainly have the problems of unreasonable structural design, insufficient safety coefficient, no consideration of construction possibility, insufficient structural rigidity and the like; secondly, the crack is caused by the secondary stress of the structure, and the crack is caused by the secondary stress at certain parts because the actual working state of the concrete structure is in or out of the conventional calculation or the crack is not considered comprehensively; and the deformation stress is caused, mainly structural deformation caused by factors such as temperature, shrinkage, steel bar corrosion, uneven settlement and the like, when the deformation is restrained, stress is generated, and when the stress exceeds the tensile strength of the concrete, cracks are generated. In order to alleviate the cracking problem of concrete, a great deal of research is carried out by related personnel.
Chinese patent No. CN104355561A relates to an environment-friendly low-dosage concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a concrete crack-resistant waterproof agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: calcium sulphoaluminate anti-cracking clinker aggregate: 5.0% -25.0%, wood fiber: 0.1% -1.0%, calcium gluconate: 0.1% -1.0%, fly ash: 20.0% -45.0%, coal gangue: 20.0% -45.0%, anhydrite: 30.0 to 60.0 percent, and the sum of the mass percent is 100 percent. The invention also provides a method for preparing the concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent, which comprises the steps of mixing and grinding the calcium sulphoaluminate anti-cracking clinker, the fly ash, the coal gangue and the anhydrite to a preset fineness, and then uniformly stirring the mixture with the wood fiber and the calcium gluconate. The invention adopts wood fiber to increase the compactness of the concrete, and has great influence on the slump loss and the setting time of the concrete.
Chinese patent No. CN106116201A discloses an anti-cracking admixture for masonry concrete, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of CSA expanding agent clinker, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 4-8 parts of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 8-15 parts of aluminum sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of basalt fiber, 0.5-2 parts of polypropylene fiber and 4-6 parts of organic waterproof agent. The anti-cracking admixture for masonry concrete has the functions of cracking resistance, permeability resistance and water resistance, and the service life of a building is greatly prolonged. The patent adopts common basalt fibers to increase the compactness of concrete, can play a certain role in preventing cracking, but is greatly influenced by the mixing amount and the use condition.
In order to avoid concrete cracking, the prior art mainly adopts methods of optimizing the mix proportion design of concrete, increasing the reinforcement ratio, reducing the hydration heat of concrete, adding fibers and expanding agents and the like. At present, most projects apply expanding agents or fibers to improve the compactness of concrete, play a role in compensating shrinkage and prevent the cracking of the concrete, but the traditional expanding agents or fibers are greatly influenced by the mixing amount, the use conditions, the dispersion performance, the maintenance conditions and the like, and easily cause the problems of large slump loss of the concrete, shortened setting time, reduced strength, poor dispersibility and the like. Therefore, it is urgently required to design an expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent and a method for using the same to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and a using method thereof aiming at the problems in the prior art, the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and the modified basalt fiber can play a role in superposition compensation shrinkage in concrete through an anti-cracking expanding agent and the modified basalt fiber, and have double anti-cracking and waterproof functions; the basalt fiber is better combined with concrete through modification, and the structural compactness of the concrete is increased on the basis of not influencing the construction performance of the concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of anti-crack expanding agent, 20-40% of micro-beads, 25-45% of coal gangue, 0.1-8% of modified basalt fiber and 1-5% of additive, wherein the sum of the mass percentages is 100%.
The anti-cracking expanding agent and the modified basalt fiber are adopted to play a role in superposition compensation shrinkage in concrete, so that the concrete has double anti-cracking and waterproof functions, the anti-cracking expanding agent is added into the cement to generate a large amount of mineral micro-expansion crystals with cement hydration products, and the mineral micro-expansion crystals have the functions of blocking and cutting capillary channels, reducing the water permeability of the concrete under hydrostatic pressure, further reducing the bleeding property of the concrete, improving the compactness of the concrete and improving the anti-cracking property of the concrete; in addition, the anti-cracking expanding agent is doped into the concrete to form a special hydrophobic coating layer, so that the water migration under the action of pressure can be reduced, the etching resistance and durability of the concrete against harmful substances can be effectively improved, the purposes of self-waterproofing, anti-cracking and anti-seepage of the structure of the concrete can be achieved, and the durability of the concrete can be improved; the surface of the modified basalt fiber has rich functional groups, the problem that the traditional fiber is greatly influenced by the doping amount, the using condition, the dispersing performance, the maintenance condition and the like can be solved, and the compactness of a concrete structure is improved on the basis of not influencing the construction performance of concrete.
The micro-beads are global, continuous particle size distribution, superfine, solid and superfine fly ash aluminosilicate fine micro-beads, wherein the fly ash is solid and hollow but is precipitated in water.
Preferably, when the mass ratio of the anti-cracking expanding agent to the modified basalt fiber is 10:1, the anti-cracking performance of the concrete is optimal.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking expanding agent comprises the following steps: mixing the expanding agent, the epoxy resin and the amino resin according to the mass ratio of (85-95) to (10-5) to (5-1), dissolving in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum drying to remove the absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a solid mixture, and grinding to obtain the anti-cracking expanding agent.
The anti-cracking expanding agent is modified by using the epoxy resin and the amino resin in a specific ratio, wherein the amino resin can enable linear epoxy resin molecules to generate chemical bonds, so that the linear molecules are mutually connected to form a net structure and are attached to the surface of the anti-cracking expanding agent, the hydration process of the anti-cracking expanding agent is effectively regulated, the expansion rate in the early stage can be ensured, the expanding agent can be slowly released in the later stage, and the effect of obviously improving the durability of concrete is achieved.
The expanding agent is one or more of calcium oxide expanding agents and calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents.
The surface area of the anti-crack expanding agent is 800m2/kg。
The micro-bead comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 11.3-15.6% of SiO2：46.7-58.5％，Fe2O3：4.2-5.9％，Al2O3：16.5-22.9％，MgO：2.7-3.8％，SO3: 0.1-0.4%, loss on ignition: 2.2 to 6.5 percent.
The coal gangue comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：18.3％-26.1％，Fe2O3：2.5％-8.5％。
The workability of concrete can be improved to a great extent by adding the microbeads and the coal gangue, and the negative influence caused by the expansion component is compensated.
The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate according to a mass ratio of (60-80):1, placing the mixture in an ice bath for cooling, doping basalt fibers when the temperature of the mixed solution is lower than 5 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 10-50g of potassium permanganate at normal temperature, raising the temperature to 40-60 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4-6 hours, pouring the obtained product into ice water, adding a proper amount of hydrogen peroxide while stirring until the color of the solution becomes yellow, then filtering, carrying out centrifugal washing on the product by using dilute hydrochloric acid until the pH value is close to 7, placing the product in water for ultrasonic dispersion, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the modified basalt fibers.
The basalt fiber is directly drawn from natural volcanic rock, has the same density and component volume weight as cement, has good dispersibility when being mixed with concrete, has strong binding force, and simultaneously carries out surface modification on the basalt fiber, so that the surface of the basalt fiber is added with active functional groups, provides places for the hydration growth of the concrete attached to the surface of the basalt fiber, can refine a crystal structure, and enables the concrete structure to be more compact.
The volume fraction of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10%.
The additive is one or more of sodium sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium formate and lithium nitrate. The admixture is added to regulate and control the hydration reaction capability of the anti-cracking expanding agent, the microbeads and the coal gangue, and the early reaction rate is accelerated.
The invention also provides a using method of the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, wherein the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent accounts for 6-10% of the total amount of the concrete cementing material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the anti-cracking expanding agent and the modified basalt fiber are adopted to play a role in superposition compensation shrinkage in the concrete, have double anti-cracking and waterproof functions, can compensate microcracks caused by different reasons of the concrete at different ages, and prevent and inhibit the generation and development of the cracks;
(2) according to the invention, the anti-cracking expanding agent is modified by using the epoxy resin and the amino resin in a specific ratio, wherein the amino resin can enable linear epoxy resin molecules to generate chemical bonds, so that the linear molecules are mutually connected to form a net structure and are attached to the surface of the anti-cracking expanding agent, the hydration process of the anti-cracking expanding agent is effectively regulated, the expansion rate at the early stage can be ensured, the expanding agent can be slowly released at the later stage, and the effect of obviously improving the durability of concrete is achieved;
(3) the workability of concrete can be improved to a great extent by adding the micro-bead powder and the coal gangue, and the negative influence caused by the expansion component is compensated;
(4) the invention carries out surface modification on basalt fibers, increases active functional groups on the surfaces of the basalt fibers, provides places for the hydration growth of concrete attached to the surfaces of the basalt fibers, can refine the crystal structure and enables the concrete structure to be more compact;
(5) the admixture can regulate and control the hydration reaction capability of the anti-crack expanding agent, the microbeads and the coal gangue, accelerate the early reaction rate and ensure that the anti-crack expanding agent and the modified basalt fibers are less influenced by the aspects of doping amount, use conditions, dispersion performance and the like;
(6) the product of the invention has the advantages of environmental protection, concrete workability improvement, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, is widely suitable for the construction and concrete maintenance of underground crack-resistant waterproof engineering, super-long structural engineering, civil air defense engineering, highway pavement, tunnels, ports, reservoir dams and other structural engineering, has obvious improvement effect on the tensile strength, toughness, impermeability and crack resistance of concrete, and greatly improves the crack resistance, impermeability, shock resistance and shock resistance of concrete.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The application provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of anti-crack expanding agent, 20-40% of micro-beads, 25-45% of coal gangue, 0.1-8% of modified basalt fiber and 1-5% of additive, wherein the sum of the mass percentages is 100%. The expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent prepared from the raw materials in the range has good anti-cracking and waterproof functions, and when the content of the raw materials exceeds the range, the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is greatly influenced by the mixing amount, the use condition, the maintenance condition and the like and cannot play a role in anti-cracking and waterproof when being mixed into concrete for use; on the other hand, the problems of large slump loss, shortened setting time, reduced strength, poor dispersibility and the like of the concrete are easily caused.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of crack-resistant expanding agent, 30% of microbeads, 35% of coal gangue, 3% of modified basalt fibers and 2% of additive;
when the mass ratio of the anti-cracking expanding agent to the modified basalt fiber is 10:1, the anti-cracking and waterproof performance of the concrete is optimal.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking expanding agent comprises the following steps: mixing the expanding agent, the epoxy resin and the amino resin according to the mass ratio of 95:4:1, dissolving the mixture in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring the mixture for 10min, placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for vacuum drying to remove the absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a solid mixture, and grinding the solid mixture to obtain the anti-crack expanding agent;
the expanding agent consists of a calcium oxide expanding agent and a calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent in a mass ratio of 9:1, and the calcium oxide expanding agent or the calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent in the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent can be a commercially available expanding agent;
the prepared anti-cracking expanding agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: CaO: 57.5% -62.8% of SiO2：7.7％～9.5％，Fe2O3：0.6％～0.8％，Al2O3：1.2％～3.7％，MgO：1.5％～3.8％，SO3: 16.5% -18.4%, loss on ignition: 7.2% -15.1％。
The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate according to a mass ratio of 80:1, placing the mixture in an ice bath for cooling, doping basalt fibers when the temperature of a mixed solution is lower than 5 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 50g of potassium permanganate at 20 ℃, raising the temperature to 50 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 5 hours, pouring an obtained product into ice water, adding a proper amount of hydrogen peroxide while stirring until the color of the solution becomes yellow, filtering, carrying out centrifugal washing on the product by using dilute hydrochloric acid, wherein the volume fraction of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10% until the pH value is close to 7, placing the product in water for ultrasonic dispersion for 4 hours, and placing the product in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for vacuum drying to obtain the modified basalt fibers.
The modified basalt fiber comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22：45％～53％，Al2O3：12％～18％，CaO：6％～10％，MgO：4％～9％，Fe2O3+FeO：9％～15％，Na2O+K2O：3％～5％，TiO2：1％～3％。
The additive consists of sodium sulfate and lithium nitrate in a mass ratio of 10: 1; the micro-bead comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 11.3-15.6% of SiO2：46.7-58.5％，Fe2O3：4.2-5.9％，Al2O3：16.5-22.9％，MgO：2.7-3.8％，SO3: 0.1-0.4%, loss on ignition: 2.2 to 6.5 percent. (ii) a The main component of the coal gangue is Al2O3、SiO2And in addition, Fe in different quantities2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O、P2O5、SO3And trace rare elements of gallium, vanadium, titanium, cobalt, wherein Al2O3：18.3-26.1％，Fe2O3：2.5-8.5％。
The embodiment also provides a use method of the expansion crack-resistant concrete, which comprises the following steps: the concrete is doped with an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, and the doping amount of the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent accounts for 8% of the total amount of the concrete cementing material.
The performance of the slip casting materials in the examples was tested by the following method:
GB/T50107-2010 concrete strength test evaluation Standard; GB/T50082-2009 Standard test methods for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete.
The concrete mix of a pumping station project C25 is shown in table 1 below. The test adopts P.O 32.5 cement, the fly ash is I-grade ash, and the fine aggregate has fineness modulus of 2.60g/cm3The coarse aggregate of the river sand is basalt broken stone, the water reducing agent is a high-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and the mixing amount of the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent accounts for 8% of the total amount of the cementing material in the concrete.
Table 1: concrete mixing proportion
The test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that an anti-cracking expansion agent is 5%, microbeads are 40%, coal gangue is 45%, modified basalt fibers are 8% and an additive is 2%. The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent comprises 20% of an anti-cracking expanding agent, 38% of microbeads, 40% of coal gangue, 0.1% of modified basalt fibers and 1.9% of an additive. The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the preparation method of the anti-cracking expansion agent is as follows: mixing the expanding agent, the epoxy resin and the amino resin according to the mass ratio of 18:2:1, dissolving in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring for 10min, placing in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for vacuum drying to remove the absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a solid mixture, and grinding to obtain the anti-crack expanding agent.
The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber is as follows: firstly, mixing concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate according to a mass ratio of 60:1, placing the mixture in an ice bath for cooling, doping basalt fibers when the temperature of a mixed solution is lower than 5 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 10g of potassium permanganate at 20 ℃, raising the temperature to 50 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 5 hours, pouring an obtained product into ice water, adding a proper amount of hydrogen peroxide while stirring until the color of the solution becomes yellow, filtering, carrying out centrifugal washing on the product by using dilute hydrochloric acid, wherein the volume fraction of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10% until the pH value is close to 7, placing the product in water for ultrasonic dispersion for 4 hours, and placing the product in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for vacuum drying to obtain the modified basalt fibers.
The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Example 6
The embodiment provides an expansion crack-resistant waterproof agent, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the application method of the expansion crack-resistant concrete comprises the following steps: the concrete is doped with an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, and the doping amount of the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent accounts for 6% of the total amount of the concrete cementing material.
The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is different from the waterproof agent in example 1 in that the expansion agent consists of a calcium oxide expansion agent and a calcium sulphoaluminate expansion agent in a mass ratio of 9:1, and the calcium sulphoaluminate expansion agent is ground until the specific surface area is 800m2/kg。
The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is that the basalt fiber of the comparative example is formed by directly melting and drawing natural basalt material at high temperature and high speed, and is not subjected to any modification treatment.
The test was carried out by the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides an expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent, which is different from example 1 in that no expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent is incorporated in concrete.
Test results
Examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-3 were each tested as described in example 1, and the results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
Table 2: concrete compressive strength and impermeability test results
Table 3: and testing the concrete crack resistance.
As can be seen from the results of the above table 2, compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, the expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent of the embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention can make the concrete structure more compact, significantly improve the anti-permeability grade of the concrete, and also improve the mechanical strength of the concrete to a certain extent, and can play a role in dual anti-cracking and waterproofing in the concrete due to the presence of the anti-cracking expanding agent and the modified basalt fiber component, thereby effectively compensating the shrinkage generated in the concrete hydration process and hindering the development of cracks; in addition, the expansion component and the cement hydration product generate chemical reaction and generate proper expansion, so that the concrete can be prevented from shrinkage cracking, and the impermeability and the water resistance of the concrete are greatly improved.
In addition, the anti-cracking performance of the concrete is also tested, and the results are shown in table 3, which shows that the cracking time of the concrete is obviously delayed after the expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is doped, and the area of cracks is gradually reduced, which is probably related to the specific ratio of the anti-cracking expanding agent to the modified basalt fiber in the raw material, wherein when the mass ratio of the anti-cracking expanding agent to the modified basalt fiber is 10:1, the anti-cracking waterproof performance of the concrete is optimal.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-30% of anti-crack expanding agent, 20-40% of micro-beads, 25-45% of coal gangue, 0.1-8% of modified basalt fiber and 1-5% of additive, wherein the sum of the mass percentages is 100%; the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate according to a mass ratio of (60-80):1, placing the mixture in an ice bath for cooling, doping basalt fibers when the temperature of the mixed solution is lower than 5 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 10-50g of potassium permanganate at normal temperature, raising the temperature to 40-60 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4-6 hours, pouring the obtained product into ice water, adding a proper amount of hydrogen peroxide while stirring until the color of the solution becomes yellow, filtering, carrying out centrifugal washing on the product by using dilute hydrochloric acid until the pH value is close to 7, placing the product in water for ultrasonic dispersion, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain modified basalt fibers;
the preparation method of the anti-cracking expanding agent comprises the following steps: mixing the expanding agent, the epoxy resin and the amino resin according to the mass ratio of (85-95) to (10-5) to (5-1), dissolving in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, uniformly stirring, carrying out vacuum drying to remove the absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a solid mixture, and grinding to obtain the anti-cracking expanding agent.
2. The expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expanding agent is one or more of calcium oxide expanding agents and calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents.
3. The expanding anti-crack waterproofing agent according to claim 1 wherein the surface area of the anti-crack expanding agent is 800m2/kg。
4. The expanding anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbeads comprise the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 11.3-15.6% of SiO2：46.7-58.5％，Fe2O3：4.2-5.9％，Al2O3：16.5-22.9％，MgO：2.7-3.8％，SO3: 0.1-0.4%, loss on ignition: 2.2 to 6.5 percent.
5. The expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal gangue comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：18.3-26.1％，Fe2O3：2.5-8.5％。
6. The expanding crack-resistant waterproofing agent according to claim 1 wherein the volume fraction of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 10%.
7. The expansive anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additive is one or more of sodium sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium formate and lithium nitrate.
8. Use of an expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent according to any of claims 1 to 7 wherein the expansive anti-cracking waterproofing agent accounts for 6 to 10% of the total mass of the concrete cementitious material.
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| CN113105152B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-11-15 | 武汉三源特种建材有限责任公司 | Temperature-control anti-cracking waterproof agent |
| CN113024170B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-08-12 | 杭州申华混凝土有限公司 | Recycled aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN115246718B (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2023-05-12 | 武汉三源特种建材有限责任公司 | Shrinkage-control anti-cracking agent special for ultra-high performance concrete |
| CN115819043B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-06-09 | 武汉金中海高新科技有限公司 | Mixed fiber reinforced concrete waterproof material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535128B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-02-23 | 深圳市砼科院有限公司 | Dual anti-cracking agent for concrete and preparation method thereof |
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