CN114987006A - 层压织物结构及其制造方法 - Google Patents

层压织物结构及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114987006A
CN114987006A CN202111366695.1A CN202111366695A CN114987006A CN 114987006 A CN114987006 A CN 114987006A CN 202111366695 A CN202111366695 A CN 202111366695A CN 114987006 A CN114987006 A CN 114987006A
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China
Prior art keywords
adhesive
fabric
layer
nanofiber membrane
laminated
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Pending
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CN202111366695.1A
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English (en)
Inventor
梁宇恒
唐滈宏
余志恒
杨挺
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Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Ltd
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Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Ltd
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Publication of CN114987006A publication Critical patent/CN114987006A/zh
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Abstract

本公开提供了一种层压织物结构，该层压织物结构包括：织物层；纳米纤维膜；以及可渗透粘合剂层，该可渗透粘合剂层夹设在织物层和纳米纤维膜之间并且包括填充部分和未填充部分。可渗透粘合剂层能够将纳米纤维膜和织物层结合在一起，以在不牺牲层压织物结构的透气性的情况下对纳米纤维膜提供显著保护。

Description

层压织物结构及其制造方法
技术领域
本公开涉及一种层压织物结构及其制造方法。
背景技术
最近的COVID-19疫情改变了人对戴口罩的观念，并且使口罩成为全世界的日常用品。市场上最常见的口罩由聚丙烯(PP)纺粘和熔喷无纺织物制成。这些口罩旨在是一次性使用的，由此会产生很多环境问题。大多数口罩的过滤层都是由PP熔喷材料制成的，该PP熔喷材料使用静电荷作为主要过滤手段。当PP熔喷材料受到水汽影响或被弄湿时，静电荷会消散，令过滤性能受到不利影响。这是PP熔喷材料不能用作可水洗口罩上的过滤层的主要原因。
近来，市场上出现了由织物制成的口罩。这些织物口罩可以通过洗涤来清洁并且能够多次重复使用。这些口罩还允许定制图案和款式，从而将口罩变成时尚物品。然而，大多数这些织物口罩对空气传播的气溶胶的防护有限，该空气传播的气溶胶是主要的感染途径。额外的过滤层会被引入作为衬垫以增强保护。与外科口罩类似，这些过滤层通常由聚丙烯纺粘和熔喷材料制成，其使用后必须被丢弃。
另一方面，纳米纤维不具有上述问题，这是因为静电荷对过滤性能没有起到主要作用。有硏究提出在运动口罩中使用纳米纤维是有利的。主要缺点是纳米纤维容易受到机械性损坏。特别是，如果纳米纤维膜呈非常薄的涂层形式，则其可能很容易因拉伸或摩擦而损坏。这种弱点将纳米纤维的使用限制在用后即弃或一次性使用的应用中。
因此，需要消除或至少减少上述缺点和问题才能把纳米纤维用于可洗涤口罩。
发明内容
本文提供了一种层压织物结构，该层压织物结构包括：第一织物层；纳米纤维膜，该纳米纤维膜具有第一表面和与第一表面相对的第二表面；第一可渗透粘合剂层，该第一可渗透粘合剂层夹设在第一织物层和第一表面之间并且包括第一填充部分和第一未填充部分，第一填充部分以第一图案布置并且将第一织物层和纳米纤维膜连接在一起，第一未填充部分允许空气通过；第二织物层；以及第二可渗透粘合剂层，该第二可渗透粘合剂层夹设在第二织物层和第二表面之间并且包括第二填充部分和第二未填充部分，第二填充部分以第二图案布置并且将第二织物层和纳米纤维膜连接在一起，第二未填充部分允许空气通过。
在某些实施例中，第一填充部分包括由第一未填充部分分离的多个第一粘合剂柱；并且第二填充部包括由第二未填充部分分离的多个第二粘合剂柱。
在某些实施例中，第一未填充部分包括由第一填充部分分离的多个第一孔；并且第二未填充部分包括由第二填充部分分离的多个第二孔。
在某些实施例中，第一填充部分包括由第一未填充部分分离的多个第一粘合剂柱；并且第二未填充部分包括由第二填充部分分离的多个第二孔。
在某些实施例中，第一未填充部分覆盖第一表面的15％至25％；并且第二未填充部分覆盖第二表面的15％至25％。
在某些实施例中，每个第一粘合剂柱具有在1mm2和0.1mm2之间的横截面积，并且与相应的第一粘合剂柱以0.3mm和0.7mm之间的距离分离；并且每个第二粘合剂柱具有在1mm2至0.1mm2之间的横截面积，并且与相应的第二粘合剂柱以0.3mm至0.7mm的距离分离。
在某些实施例中，每个第一粘合剂柱具有圆形、椭圆形、正方形、矩形或三角形的横截面；并且每个第二粘合剂柱具有圆形、椭圆形、正方形、矩形或三角形的横截面。
在某些实施例中，第一填充部分和第二填充部分中的每一个都包含湿气固化反应型聚氨酯粘合剂或热熔性粘合剂。
在某些实施例中，纳米纤维是静电纺丝纳米纤维。
在某些实施例中，每根纳米纤维均包含聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚(乳酸)(PLA)、聚(ε-己内酯)(PCL)或聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)(PLGA)，并且具有在50nm和200nm之间的直径。
在某些实施例中，纳米纤维膜具有在0.5μm和3μm之间的厚度。
在某些实施例中，第一织物层和第二织物层中的每一个都包含纺织物或无纺织物。
在某些实施例中，第一织物层和第二织物层中的每一个都包含棉、尼龙或聚酯。
本文提供一种包括上述层压织物结构的空气过滤织物。
本文提供了一种包括上述层压织物结构的可洗涤口罩。
本文提供了一种用于制造上述层压织物结构的方法，该方法包括：提供纳米纤维膜；以用于形成第一可渗透粘合剂层的第一图案在第一织物层上印刷第一粘合剂；将所印刷的第一粘合剂夹设在第一织物层与纳米纤维膜的第一表面之间；固化夹设在纳米纤维膜的第一表面和第一织物层之间的印刷的第一粘合剂，由此形成第一渗透粘合剂层；以用于形成第二可渗透粘合剂层的第二图案在第二织物层上印刷第二粘合剂；将印刷的第二粘合剂夹设在纳米纤维膜的第二表面和第二织物层之间；固化夹设在纳米纤维膜的第二表面和第二织物层之间的印刷的第二粘合剂，由此形成第二渗透粘合剂层，从而形成层压织物结构。
在某些实施例中，通过第一凹印辊将第一粘合剂印刷在第一层上；并且通过第二凹印辊将第二粘合剂印刷在第二层上。
在某些实施例中，第一粘合剂和第二粘合剂中的每一个都是热熔性粘合剂或湿气固化反应型聚氨酯粘合剂。
在某些实施例中，提供纳米纤维膜的步骤包括将纳米纤维沉积到收集基材上，由此形成纳米纤维膜。
本文提供了一种层压织物结构，该层压织物结构包括：织物层；纳米纤维膜；以及可渗透粘合剂层，该可渗透粘合剂层夹设在织物层和纳米纤维膜之间并且包括填充部分和未填充部分，填充部分以图案布置并且将织物层和纳米纤维膜连接在一起，未填充部分允许空气通过；其中，填充部分包括由未填充部分离的多个粘合剂柱；或者未填充部分包括由填充部分分离的多个孔。
提供该概述以引入在下面的详细描述中进一步描述的呈简化形式的概念的选择。本概述不旨在确定要求保护的主题的关键特征或基本特征，也不旨在用作确定要求保护的主题的范围的帮助。本发明的其他方面被公开，如下文的实施例所示。
附图说明
附图中相同的附图标记指代相同或功能相似的元件，附图包含某些实施例的图以进一步示出和阐明本发明的上述和其他方面、优点和特征。应当理解，这些附图示出了本发明的实施例并且不旨在限制其范围。将通过使用附图以额外的特性和细节描述和解释本发明，在附图中：
图1是示出根据某些实施例的层压织物结构的横截面的示意图；
图2是示出根据某些实施例的层压织物结构的横截面的示意图；
图3是示出根据某些实施例的具有层压织物结构的空气过滤织物的示意图；
图4A是示出根据某些实施例的可渗透粘合剂层的图案的示意图；
图4B是示出根据某些实施例的可渗透粘合剂层的另一图案的示意图；
图5是示出根据某些实施例的用于制造层压织物结构的方法的流程图；
图6是示出根据某些实施例的用于制造层压织物结构的方法的示意图；
图7是示出根据某些实施例的用于制造层压织物结构的系统的示意图；
图8A是纳米纤维膜的静电纺丝纳米纤维基体的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像；
图8B是具有更高放大率的静电纺丝纳米纤维基体的SEM图像；
图9示出了在不同手洗循环之后不同粒径下的空气过滤织物的部分过滤效率，并且插图示出了在20次手洗循环之后空气过滤织物的标准化压降；和
图10示出了在不同粒径下具有不同厚度的空气过滤织物的部分过滤效率。
本领域技术人员将理解，图中的元件是为了简单和清楚而示出的并且不一定按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
如本文在说明书和所附权利要求中所使用的，术语“织物层”是指透气的织物层。
本公开提供了一种层压织物结构及用于制造该层压织物结构的方法。
本公开的某些实施例提供了一种层压织物结构，该层压织物结构包括：织物层；纳米纤维膜；以及可渗透粘合剂层，该可渗透粘合剂层夹设在织物层和纳米纤维膜之间并且包括填充部分和未填充部分，填充部分以第一图案布置并且将织物层和纳米纤维膜连接在一起，未填充部分允许空气通过；其中，填充部分包括多个由未填充部分分离的粘合剂柱，或者未填充部分包括多个由填充部分分离的孔。
图1是示出根据某些实施例的层压织物结构100的示意图。层压织物结构100包括：织物层110；纳米纤维膜120；以及夹设在织物层110和纳米纤维膜120之间的可渗透粘合剂层130。织物层110用作保护层，以保护纳米纤维膜120。纳米纤维膜120包括用于过滤空气传播的污染物(例如，病毒、细菌、颗粒、灰尘、花粉、污染剂等)的静电纺丝纳米纤维基体。可渗透粘合剂层130由未填充部分131和填充部分132组成，填充部分132包括多个由未填充部分131分离的粘合剂柱133。未填充部分131允许空气通过。多个粘合剂柱133将织物层110和纳米纤维膜120连接在一起。鉴于填充部分132，该填充部分132在本实施例中是多个粘合剂柱133，可渗透粘合剂层130能够将纤维层110和纳米纤维膜120紧密地结合在一起，以对纳米纤维膜120提供机械保护。同时，鉴于未填充部分131，可渗透粘合剂层130提供层压织物结构的良好透气性。
图2是示出根据某些实施例的层压织物结构200的示意图。层压织物结构200包括第一织物层210、纳米纤维膜220和第一可渗透粘合剂层230、第二织物层240和第二可渗透粘合剂层250。第一织物层210和第二织物层240用作保护层，以保护纳米纤维膜220。第一可渗透粘合剂层230夹设在纳米纤维膜220的第一表面221和第一织物层210之间。纳米纤维膜220包括用于过滤空气传播的污染物的静电纺丝纳米纤维基体。第一可渗透粘合剂层230由第一未填充部分231和第一填充部分232组成，第一填充部分232包括多个由第一未填充部分231分离的第一粘合剂柱233。第一未填充部分231允许空气通过。第一填充部分232将第一织物层210和纳米纤维膜220连接在一起。第二可渗透粘合剂层250夹设在纳米纤维膜220的第二表面222和第二织物层240之间。第二可渗透粘合剂层250由第二未填充部分251和第二填充部分252组成，第二填充部分252包括多个由第二未填充部分251分离的第二粘合剂柱253。第一未填充部分251允许空气通过。第二填充部分252将第二织物层240和纳米纤维膜220连接在一起。
在某些实施例中，未填充部分覆盖纤维膜表面的15％至25％。在某些实施例中，未填充部分的孔为圆形、椭圆形、正方形、矩形、三角形或任何其他形状。孔的直径、宽度或长度在0.5至0.7mm的范围内。
在某些实施例中，每个粘合剂柱均具有在0.5mm2和0.1mm2之间的横截面积。在某些实施例中，每个粘合剂柱均以0.3mm和0.7mm之间的距离与相应的粘合剂柱分开。在某些实施例中，每个粘合剂柱均具有圆形、椭圆形、正方形、矩形、三角形或任何其他形状的横截面。
在某些实施例中，填充部分包括湿气固化反应型聚氨酯粘合剂或热熔性粘合剂。
在某些实施例中，静电纺丝纳米纤维包含聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚(乳酸)(PLA)、聚(ε-己内酯)(PCL)或聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)(PLGA)。在某些实施例中，静电纺丝纳米纤维的直径在50nm和200nm之间。在某些实施例中，纳米纤维膜的厚度在0.5μm和3μm之间，或者在1μm和2μm之间。
在某些实施例中，织物层包括纺织物或无纺织物。在某些实施例中，织物层包括棉、尼龙或聚酯。
在某些实施例中，织物层的厚度在200μm和400μm之间。在某些实施例中，织物层的每单位面积的重量在每平方米75和150克之间。在某些实施例中，织物层具有在125Pa下高于200cm3/cm2/s的空气渗透率。
在某些实施例中，纤维膜通过湿气固化反应型聚氨酯(PUR)层压或热熔粘合剂层压与织物层结合。
在某些实施例中，层压织物结构的每单位面积的重量在平方米150和300克之间。在某些实施例中，层压织物结构的厚度在600μm和800μm之间。
图3是示出根据某些实施例的具有层压织物结构的空气过滤织物(或口罩，例如，可洗口罩)30的示意图。空气过滤织物30包括第一织物层31、第一可渗透粘合剂层32、纤维膜33、第二可渗透粘合剂层34和第二织物层35，这些层通过湿气固化反应型聚氨酯层压堆叠并连接在一起。
图4A是示出根据某些实施例的可渗透粘合剂层的图案的示意图。可渗透粘合剂层40包括未填充部分41和多个由未填充部分41分离的粘合剂柱42。多个粘合剂柱42均匀分布并成行布置。粘合剂柱42的横截面为圆形，并且粘合剂柱42的直径为0.6mm。每行中的粘合剂柱42分离0.5mm，并且行分离0.5mm。
在某些实施例中，未填充部分呈网格图案并且粘合剂柱呈正方形或矩形形状。
图4B是示出根据某些实施例的可渗透粘合剂层的另一种图案的示意图。可渗透粘合剂层45包括填充部分46和多个由填充部分46分离的圆孔47。
在某些实施例中，填充部分呈网格图案并且孔呈正方形或矩形形状。
图5是示出了根据某些实施例的用于制造层压织物结构的方法的流程图。在步骤S51中，提供纳米纤维膜。在步骤S52中，以用于形成第一可渗透粘合剂层的第一图案在第一织物层上印刷第一粘合剂。在步骤S53中，将印刷的第一粘合剂夹设在第一织物层与纳米纤维膜的第一表面之间。在步骤S54中，固化印刷的第一粘合剂，由此形成第一可渗透粘合剂层。在步骤S55中，以用于形成第二可渗透粘合剂层的第二图案在第二织物层上印刷第二粘合剂。在步骤S56中，将印刷的第二粘合剂夹设在第二织物层和纳米纤维膜的第二表面之间。在步骤S57中，固化印刷的第二粘合剂，由此形成第二可渗透粘合剂层，从而形成层压织物结构。
在某些实施例中，粘合剂通过凹印层压(gravure lamination)被印刷在织物层上。凹印层压包括凹印辊，在该凹印辊的表面上具有多个带有凹印/图案的单元。通过凹印层压，粘合剂作为图案或网格施加在织物层(或纤维膜)的表面上，由此在所形成的粘合剂层中留下孔/空隙/空间，从而提供能够将纳米纤维膜和织物层结合在一起的可渗透粘合剂层，以在不牺牲层压织物结构的透气性的情况下对纳米纤维膜提供显著保护。
作为用于空气过滤织物中过滤功能的主要成分的是由纳米纤维制成的膜。纳米纤维容易受到机械损伤。在层压之后，纳米纤维被嵌入在保护层内。所得到的层压物然后可以抵抗洗涤过程中的机械应力。
图6是示出根据某些实施例的用于制造层压织物结构的方法的示意图。在步骤1中，通过静电纺丝将纳米纤维沉积在收集基材(例如，无纺织物或硅化纸)上以形成纳米纤维膜。收集基材可以由PP纺粘、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)纺粘或硅化纸制成。在步骤2中，将纳米纤维膜层压到保护层(例如，正面织物)上，其中PUR粘合剂被图案化并且部分覆盖在保护层上，从而形成层压物。然后，将收集基材从纳米纤维膜分离。在步骤3中，将保护层(例如，背面织物)层压到层压物(即，纳米纤维膜)的背面侧上，其中湿气固化反应型聚氨酯(PUR)粘合剂被图案化并且部分覆盖在保护层上，从而形成层压织物结构。
在某些实施例中，PUR粘合剂具有将热熔性粘合剂的初始速度与结构性粘合剂的强度相结合的单组分配方(one-part formulation)。粘合以两个阶段形成：当粘合剂冷却并像热熔体一样凝固时，其会达到保持强度，然后在接下来的24-48小时内进行湿固化反应，以达到最终的结构强度。所使用的PUR粘合剂在120℃下的粘度为6000-10000mPa.s。与热熔性粘合剂相比，PUR粘合剂可耐受极端温度。它们创造了更强大和更持久的结合。此外，PUR粘合剂具有更高的耐水性和耐化学性，从而其具有更高的耐洗涤性。
在某些实施例中，使用热熔性粘合剂网，其夹设在织物之间并采用热压进行熔化。
图7是示出根据某些实施例的用于制造层压织物结构的制造系统700的示意图。制造系统700包括凹印辊710、刮刀711、熔融粘合剂712、卷轴A 720、卷轴B 730和卷轴C 740。凹印辊710包括在其表面上呈图案的多个单元713。卷轴A 720包括纤维膜721。卷轴B 730包括织物层731。刮刀711利用熔融粘合剂712填充单元713。卷轴B 730旋转以馈送出织物层731。凹印辊710旋转以将熔融粘合剂712印刷在织物层731上，从而在织物层731上以图案形成印刷的粘合剂714。卷轴A 720旋转以馈送出纳米纤维膜721，使得印刷的粘合剂714夹设在织物层731和纳米纤维膜721之间并固化以形成层压物741，该层压物被卷进卷轴C 740。
在某些实施例中，凹印辊具有大约0.7mm的图案(单元)深度。图案深度决定了所施加的粘合剂的量。层压的线性速度在2-4米/分钟的范围内。
示例1
图8A和8B示出了纤维膜的静电纺丝纳米纤维基体的SEM图像。纳米纤维由聚(偏二氟乙烯-共-六氟丙烯)(PVDF-HFP)制成。它们使用
Figure BDA0003361095360000091
NS 1S500U静电纺丝系统制造。首先，在二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中制备由15-20％w/v聚(偏二氟乙烯-共-六氟丙烯)(PVDF-HFP)和0.1-0.5％w/v苄基三乙基氯化铵(BTEAC)制成的聚合物溶液。然后，将所得到的聚合物溶液装入静电纺丝系统中进行静电纺丝。静电纺丝工艺参数如下：加速电压：70-100kV；纺丝电极和集电极之间的距离(即工作距离)：160-200mm；基材速度：0.4-0.8米/分钟；纺丝室相对湿度：20-40％；以及纺丝室温度：22-25摄氏度。如图中所示，纳米纤维的直径在50nm和200nm之间。
示例2
在不同的手洗循环下，利用具有上述层压织物结构的空气过滤织物进行颗粒过滤测试。首先采用示例1的参数通过抗静电处理在聚丙烯纺粘(PPSB)基材上制备纳米纤维膜。加速电压、工作距离、基材速度、纺丝室相对湿度和纺丝室温度分别为100kV、160mm、0.7米/分钟、25％和23摄氏度。基材的薄层电阻为107-109ohm/sq。然后使用PUR层压将纳米纤维膜转移并附接到利用尼龙制成的正面织物的背面侧。层压的速度为2米/分钟。在此过程中，将PPSB基材与纳米纤维膜脱离。然后，将由聚酯制成的背面织物使用PUR层压附接到组件的纳米纤维膜侧，以形成完整的层压物。正面织物和背面织物在125Pa下的透气性均>200cm3/cm2/s。
如图9所示，在20次手洗循环之后，空气过滤织物的过滤效率几乎没有下降。在20次手洗循环之后，空气过滤织物在粒径分别为2.5μm、1.0μm和0.3μm时的过滤效率分别为99％、98％和91％。此外，空气过滤织物的压降在20次手洗循环之后基本上保持相同。因此，空气过滤织物可以承受20次手洗循环，而不会对过滤性能和压降产生明显的不利影响。
示例3
使用具有不同纳米纤维膜厚度的空气过滤织物进行颗粒过滤测试。除了通过收集基材的0.5、0.6和0.7米/分钟的不同线性滚转速度来控制纳米纤维膜的厚度之外，与示例2的方法类似地制备空气过滤织物。所得到的空气过滤织物的过滤效率和压降如图10和表1中所示。当基材速度从0.7米/分钟降低到0.5米/分钟时，在0.3μm粒径下的过滤效率从91.0％增加到97.7％，并且压降从132Pa增加到163Pa，而在1μm和2.5μm粒径下的过滤效率基本上保持不变。
表1
Figure BDA0003361095360000111
正面织物和底部织物对所得到的空气过滤织物的过滤效率的贡献或影响最小。同时，如果正面织物/底部织物不满足透气性要求，则压降会受到正面织物/底部织物严重影响。
因此，可以看出，已经公开了改进的层压织物结构及其制造工艺，其消除或至少减少了与现有技术的空气过滤织物相关的缺点和问题。当前层压织物结构的纳米纤维膜被织物层很好地保护而免受机械损伤，因此允许用于需要耐用性和长寿命的应用中。具有当前层压织物结构的空气过滤织物能够提供高过滤效率并能经受多次循环洗涤，并且发现对过滤效率和洗涤后的压降均无显著不利影响。
当前层压织物结构适用于口罩、可水洗口罩、空气过滤织物、个人防护装备、窗帘、空调过滤器等。
虽然本发明已经根据某些实施例进行了描述，但是对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的其他实施例也在本发明的范围内。因此，本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求限定。

Claims (20)

1.一种层压织物结构，该层压织物结构包括：
第一织物层；
纳米纤维膜，该纳米纤维膜具有第一表面和与所述第一表面相对的第二表面；
第一可渗透粘合剂层，该第一可渗透粘合剂层夹设在所述第一织物层和所述第一表面之间并且包括第一填充部分和第一未填充部分，所述第一填充部分以第一图案布置并且将所述第一织物层和所述纳米纤维膜连接在一起，所述第一未填充部分允许空气通过；
第二织物层；和
第二可渗透粘合剂层，该第二可渗透粘合剂层夹设在所述第二织物层和所述第二表面之间并且包括第二填充部分和第二未填充部分，所述第二填充部分以第二图案布置并且将所述第二织物层和所述纳米纤维膜连接在一起，所述第二未填充部分允许空气通过。
2.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一填充部分包括由所述第一未填充部分分离的多个第一粘合剂柱；并且所述第二填充部分包括由所述第二未填充部分分离的多个第二粘合剂柱。
3.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一未填充部分包括由所述第一填充部分分离的多个第一孔；并且所述第二未填充部分包括由所述第二填充部分分离的多个第二孔。
4.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一填充部分包括由所述第一未填充部分分离的多个第一粘合剂柱；并且所述第二未填充部分包括由所述第二填充部分分离的多个第二孔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一未填充部分覆盖所述第一表面的15％至25％；并且所述第二未填充部分覆盖所述第二表面的15％至25％。
6.根据权利要求2所述的层压织物结构，其中，每个第一粘合剂柱具有在1mm2和0.1mm2之间的横截面积，并且与相应的第一粘合剂柱以0.3mm和0.7mm之间的距离分离；并且每个第二粘合剂柱具有在1mm2和0.1mm2之间的横截面积，并且与相应的第二粘合剂柱以0.3mm和0.7mm之间的距离分离。
7.根据权利要求2所述的层压织物结构，其中，每个第一粘合剂柱具有圆形、椭圆形、正方形、矩形或三角形的横截面；并且每个第二粘合剂柱具有圆形、椭圆形、正方形、矩形或三角形的横截面。
8.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一填充部分和所述第二填充部分中的每一个都包含湿气固化反应型聚氨酯(PUR)粘合剂或热熔性粘合剂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述纳米纤维是静电纺丝纳米纤维。
10.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，每根纳米纤维均包含聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚(乳酸)(PLA)、聚(ε-己内酯)(PCL)或聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)(PLGA)，并且具有在50nm和200nm之间的直径。
11.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述纳米纤维膜具有在0.5μm和3μm之间的厚度。
12.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一织物层和所述第二织物层中的每一个都包含纺织物或无纺织物。
13.根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构，其中，所述第一织物层和所述第二织物层中的每一个都包含棉、尼龙或聚酯。
14.一种空气过滤织物，该空气过滤织物包括根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构。
15.一种可洗涤口罩，该可洗涤口罩包括根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构。
16.一种用于制造根据权利要求1所述的层压织物结构的方法，该方法包括：
提供所述纳米纤维膜；
以用于形成第一可渗透粘合剂层的第一图案在所述第一织物层上印刷第一粘合剂；
将印刷的第一粘合剂夹设在所述纳米纤维膜的所述第一表面和所述第一织物层之间；
固化夹设在所述纳米纤维膜的所述第一表面和所述第一织物层之间的所述印刷的第一粘合剂，由此形成所述第一渗透粘合剂层；
以用于形成第二可渗透粘合剂层的第二图案在所述第二织物层上印刷第二粘合剂；
将印刷的第二粘合剂夹设在所述纳米纤维膜的所述第二表面和所述第二织物层之间；和
固化夹设在所述纳米纤维膜的所述第二表面和所述第二织物层之间的所述印刷的第二粘合剂，由此形成所述第二渗透粘合剂层，从而形成所述层压织物结构。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，通过第一凹印辊将所述第一粘合剂印刷在所述第一层上；并且通过第二凹印辊将所述第二粘合剂印刷在所述第二层上。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，所述第一粘合剂和所述第二粘合剂中的每一个都是热熔性粘合剂或湿气固化反应型聚氨酯(PUR)粘合剂。
19.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，提供所述纳米纤维膜的步骤包括将所述纳米纤维沉积到收集基材上，由此形成所述纳米纤维膜。
20.一种层压织物结构，该层压织物结构包括：
织物层；
纳米纤维膜；和
可渗透粘合剂层，该可渗透粘合剂层夹设在所述织物层和所述纳米纤维膜之间并且包括填充部分和未填充部分，所述填充部分以图案布置并且将所述织物层和所述纳米纤维膜连接在一起，所述未填充部分允许空气通过；
其中，所述填充部分包括由所述未填充部分分离的多个粘合剂柱；或者所述未填充部分包括由所述填充部分分离的多个孔。
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