CN114986077B - Repairing method for spindle unit of high-precision numerical control grinding machine - Google Patents
Repairing method for spindle unit of high-precision numerical control grinding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114986077B CN114986077B CN202210651853.6A CN202210651853A CN114986077B CN 114986077 B CN114986077 B CN 114986077B CN 202210651853 A CN202210651853 A CN 202210651853A CN 114986077 B CN114986077 B CN 114986077B
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000646858 Salix arbusculoides Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000020347 spindle assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 97
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically-controlled grinder, which comprises the following steps: preparing a repair tool; repairing the rear bearing bush, the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush; the preparation work of the main shaft bearing bush in the early running-in period and the running-in of the main shaft bearing bush; the repairing of the rear bearing bush, the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush comprises the following steps: mapping and manufacturing a rear bearing bush, checking a front bearing bush, repairing tortoise cracks and annular lines of a spindle journal, repairing an outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush, repairing an inner hole of the rear bearing bush, assembling the rear bearing bush, installing a spindle, adjusting a gap between the front bearing bush and the spindle, adjusting a gap between the rear bearing bush and the spindle, further trimming oil inlet areas of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush, disassembling a spindle assembly, cleaning parts, cleaning a grinding head oil tank by using dough, detecting the gap between the front bearing bush, the rear bearing bush and the spindle, and installing the spindle assembly. The invention can realize the technical effects of uniform contact between the bearing bush and the main shaft, quick repair of the main shaft and the bearing bush and quick recovery of the machining precision of the high-precision numerical control grinding machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-precision numerical control grinding machines, in particular to a method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerical control grinding machine.
Background
The precision of the grinding machine main shaft bearing bush directly influences the grinding precision, the rotation precision of the main shaft depends on the oil film pressure of the bearing bush, and the oil film pressure is influenced by the dynamic pressure effect generated by tangential sliding of the two matching surfaces of the main shaft and the bearing bush and the extrusion effect generated by normal movement. When the main shaft runs stably, the oil film pressure mainly generates a dynamic pressure oil wedge by dynamic pressure effect, and the formation of the dynamic pressure oil wedge must meet three conditions: 1) The main shaft has enough rotating speed; 2) The lubricating oil needs to have sufficient oil film pressure; 3) There is a converging space between the spindle journal and the bearing shell. After the high-precision numerically-controlled grinder main shaft and the rear bearing bush are stopped due to serious 'axle-locking' heating accidents, the rear bearing bush is detected, so that: the rear end of the inner hole of the rear bearing bush has a grinding injury with the length of about 75mm, the periphery of the bush can be plugged into a 0.08 feeler gauge, the size of the inner hole at the front end is phi 145+0.02, the ovality is consistent, the size of the inner hole at the rear end is phi 145-0.16, the rear end is in an oval state, and the conditions of air leakage at the bush part and pressure relief of a static pressure cavity exist when air is blown into a pipeline. The rear bearing shell detection data indicate that the rear bearing shell is scrapped. The abrasion loss of the inner hole of the front bearing bush is about 0.02mm and the roundness is consistent after inspection, which indicates that the front bearing bush can continue to be used normally. At the moment, the spindle unit is required to be quickly repaired by manufacturing various clamping jigs and making perfect repair technology so as to recover the machining precision of the high-precision numerical control grinding machine.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem that the existing high-precision numerically-controlled grinder needs to repair a main shaft unit rapidly due to scrapping of a rear bearing bush, the invention provides a method for repairing the main shaft unit of the high-precision numerically-controlled grinder, which comprises the following steps: preparing a repair tool; repairing the rear bearing bush, the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush; the main shaft bearing bush is prepared to work in the earlier stage of running-in and runs in; the repairing of the rear bearing bush, the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush comprises the following steps: mapping and manufacturing the rear bearing bush, checking the front bearing bush, repairing tortoise cracks and annular lines of a spindle journal, repairing an outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush, repairing an inner hole of the rear bearing bush, assembling the rear bearing bush, installing the spindle, adjusting a gap between the front bearing bush and the spindle, adjusting a gap between the rear bearing bush and the spindle, further trimming oil inlet areas of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush, disassembling the spindle assembly, cleaning parts of the spindle, cleaning a grinding head oil tank by using dough, detecting the gap between the front bearing bush and the spindle, detecting the gap between the rear bearing bush and the spindle, and installing the spindle assembly.
Further, the repair tool comprises a willow leaf scraper, a triangular scraper, a dial indicator, sand paper, oilstone, red lead powder, blue oil, an electric file polisher, a pulley nut open spanner, a sleeve, wash oil and an iron rod.
Further, the mapping post-manufacture bearing bush and the pre-inspection bearing bush comprise the following steps: sampling and testing the original rear bearing bush material, determining the rear bearing bush material, processing and manufacturing an inner hole oil return groove, a hydrostatic cavity and an oil cavity hole of the rear bearing bush according to the size of the original rear bearing bush, and processing a stress relief groove to eliminate stress; when the abrasion loss of the inner hole of the front bearing bush is checked to be within 0.02mm and the roundness is consistent, the front bearing bush can be continuously and normally used.
Further, the repair of tortoise cracks and ring lines of the spindle journal comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that crack lines with the width not more than 40mm exist between a main shaft and a contact shaft neck of a rear bearing bush before repairing, slight annular lines exist at the front end of the shaft neck, sand paper is soaked in a main shaft oil basin, cloth strips are used for winding oil-dipped sand paper to polish the contact shaft neck of the main shaft and the rear bearing bush until the polishing effect that the crack lines are obviously lightened and the annular lines disappear is achieved.
Further, the outer conical surface of the repaired bearing bush comprises the following steps: after the rear bearing bush manufactured through mapping is manufactured, firstly cleaning an inner cone steel sleeve matched with the rear bearing bush, and coating blue oil on an inner hole of the inner cone steel sleeve, wherein the blue oil is coated on the position supporting four ribs with the front bearing bush; uniformly coating red lead powder on the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush, and grinding the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush and the inner conical surface of the inner conical steel sleeve; and after finishing the lapping, fixedly placing the lapping assembly on a bench vice, and repeatedly polishing the four rib black point positions of the outer circle of the rear bearing bush for multiple times along the arc direction of the rib part by using a scraper rod externally wound with sand paper until the display point is qualified.
Further, the repairing the inner hole of the bearing bush comprises the following steps: manufacturing a false main shaft for scraping the rear bearing bush, wherein the size of a rear bearing bush journal of the false main shaft is 0.04mm larger than the diameter of the main shaft, and the standard free clearance between the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush and the main shaft is 0.08mm respectively; removing the high points of the inner holes of the rear bearing bushes by using a willow leaf scraper; an oil inlet area, a bearing area and an oil outlet area are formed in the upper tile opening of the rear bearing bush, the inner hole of the rear bearing bush is divided into four working cavities by taking four evenly distributed oil grooves as dividing lines, each working cavity is divided into two lines according to the width of an external rib, the middle part of each line is the bearing area, the part between the right side line of the external rib and the right side of the oil groove is the oil inlet area, the part between the left side line of the external rib and the left side of the oil groove is the oil outlet area, in order to improve the polishing smoothness, a conical grinding wheel head on an electric file is used for polishing, a round yarn cloth head on the electric file is used for polishing, and the polishing parts are the oil inlet area and the oil outlet area of the four working cavities of the inner hole of the rear bearing bush and are uniformly polished for one time; the inner hole of the rear bearing bush is scraped: and (3) coating red lead powder inside the rear bearing bush, leveling the false main shaft, fixing firmly, and repeatedly lapping corresponding journals between the rear bearing bush and the false main shaft until the number of points of the four bearing areas reaches 10-12 points/25 multiplied by 25 square millimeters.
Further, the post-assembly bearing shell comprises the following steps: coating red lead powder on an inner hole and an outer circle of the rear bearing bush, mounting the rear bearing bush in a grinding head box body hole, accurately mounting two positioning screws in the rear bearing bush positioning hole, and then mounting an inner adjusting nut, an outer adjusting nut and an adjusting pressing pad, wherein the inner adjusting nut and the outer adjusting nut are not locked, so as to prepare for mounting the main shaft; the installation main shaft comprises the following steps: blue oil is coated on the front journal and the rear journal of the main shaft, and then the main shaft is stably installed until the main shaft reaches the original working position.
Further, the adjusting the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft comprises the following steps: because the front bearing bush does not have a holding bush, the abrasion loss is small, and the roundness size is consistent, the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft is adjusted to be zero, and the rear bearing bush, namely the shrinkage bush, is scraped by taking the front bearing bush as a reference.
Further, the tile shrinking comprises the following steps: the left-hand nut in the front bearing bush is rotated in a clockwise direction when the front end of the main shaft grinding head is seen from the rear end, the left-hand nut in the front bearing bush is used for amplifying the gap of the front bearing bush, the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush is rotated in a anticlockwise direction, a small rod and a sleeve are used for impacting and moving the sleeve to rotate the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush, the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush pushes a pressing pad, and the pressing pad pushes the big end of the front bearing bush to reduce the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft; using an open spanner and a sleeve to move a pulley nut to drive the main shaft to rotate, using a feeler gauge to detect the clearance of the front bearing bush and continuously performing clearance adjustment until a person moves the sleeve with certain resistance and can move, and adjusting the front bearing bush until the clearance is adjusted; after the zero clearance of the front bearing bush is properly adjusted, the left-handed nut in the rear bearing bush is rotated in the anticlockwise direction, the sleeve is impacted and moved by using the small rod and the sleeve so as to rotate the nut in the rear bearing bush, and the rear bearing bush positioning nut is pre-tightened, so that the rear bearing bush is prevented from moving when the front bearing bush is ground.
Further, the adjusting the gap between the bearing bush and the main shaft comprises the following steps: scribing lines on the rear bearing bush box body and the external nut so as to display the rotation position of the external nut and the distance between the movement of the external nut in the next time and the movement of the external nut in the previous time, and scribing lines are scribed once by once every grinding so as to prove that the movement of the external nut in the next time is larger than that in the previous time; the right-hand nut in the rear bearing bush is rotated in a clockwise direction when the front end of the main shaft grinding head is seen from the rear end, and the right-hand nut in the rear bearing bush is used for amplifying the gap of the rear bearing bush; then, rotating the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush in a counterclockwise direction, and using a small rod and a sleeve to impact and move the sleeve to rotate the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush, wherein the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush pushes a pressing pad, and the pressing pad pushes the large end of the rear bearing bush to reduce the gap between the rear bearing bush and the main shaft; the open spanner is used for adding a sleeve to move the pulley nut to drive the main shaft to rotate until the rear bearing bush is adjusted until one person moves the sleeve to have larger resistance than the rear bearing bush which is independently moved and can be moved; and moving the main shaft to rotate for half a circle, so that the display point of the rear bearing bush is more obvious, and repeatedly scraping the inner hole of the rear bearing bush.
Further, the further finishing of the oil inlet areas of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush comprises the following steps: after the bearing area of the rear bearing bush is scraped to be qualified, the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush are detached respectively, the oil inlet area is further trimmed by a willow leaf scraper, and the gap of the oil inlet area is deepened so as to ensure full oil inlet.
Further, the disassembly of the spindle assembly includes disassembly of the spindle, the front bearing shell outer nut, the rear bearing shell outer nut, the press pad, the front bearing shell inner nut and the rear bearing shell inner nut.
Further, the step of detecting the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft means that the free gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft is detected within the range of 0.06mm-0.08mm by beating the meter, and the step of detecting the gap between the rear bearing bush and the main shaft means that the free gap between the rear bearing bush and the main shaft is detected within the range of 0.06mm-0.08mm by beating the meter.
Further, the mounting spindle assembly includes the steps of: installing a front bearing bush, a rear bearing bush, a pressing pad, four positioning screws and steel sleeve nuts, installing a front bearing bush and rear bearing bush dynamic pressure pipeline oil tank, filling main shaft oil, circularly flushing the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush dynamic pressure pipeline by using the main shaft oil, and opening an oil pump to discharge the main shaft oil at a refrigerator after the main shaft oil is circularly flushed for half an hour; the spindle, the axial positioning copper pad, the axial positioning left-handed nut and the axial positioning gland are installed; when the upper part of the main shaft is used for performing surface marking detection, a sleeve prying is used for lifting the main shaft, the outer steel sleeve nut of the front bearing bush is continuously rotated in the anticlockwise direction until a gauge needle displays 0.04mm, the inner steel sleeve nut of the front bearing bush is rotationally pre-tightened in the anticlockwise direction, the front bearing bush is prevented from loosening, and the adjustment of the front bearing bush is completed; when the upper part of the main shaft is used for performing surface marking detection, a sleeve prying is used for lifting the main shaft of the rear bearing bush, the outer steel sleeve nut of the rear bearing bush is rotated in the anticlockwise direction until a gauge needle displays 0.04mm, the inner steel sleeve nut of the rear bearing bush is pre-tightened in the anticlockwise direction, the rear bearing bush is prevented from loosening, and the adjustment of the rear bearing bush is completed; the end face of the main shaft is provided with a meter to detect that the axial movement of the main shaft is 0.02mm; refilling the main shaft oil to 2/3 of the oil level of the oil tank; and rechecking the gaps between the front bearing bush and the main shaft and between the rear bearing bush and the main shaft again, wherein the technical requirements of the standard working gap are met.
The standard working gap of the front bearing bush is 0.04mm, and the standard working gap of the rear bearing bush is 0.04mm.
Further, the preparation work of the main shaft bushing in the earlier running-in period comprises the following steps: starting the main shaft when the refrigerator reaches 25 ℃; the front bearing bush temperature sensing device is arranged at a first threaded hole on the front bearing bush, and the rear bearing bush temperature sensing device is arranged at a second threaded hole on the rear bearing bush; the front bearing bush flow switch is arranged on the front bearing bush lubrication pipeline, and the rear bearing bush flow switch is arranged on the rear bearing bush lubrication pipeline so as to detect the lubrication condition of the main shaft bearing bush in real time.
Further, the main shaft bushing running-in includes the steps of: running in during no-load operation: the rotating speed is 400r/min, the operation is carried out for 15 hours, and the current is reduced to 1.4A from 2.3A; the rotating speed is increased to 600r/min, and the current is 2.2A; the rotating speed is increased to 700r/min, and the current is 2.5A; the rotating speed of a belt is 400r/min, the current is 1.4A, and the current reaches 1.5A by adjusting the belt tensioning device; 6 belts are arranged on the machine, and the machine runs for one day from low speed to high speed; 12 belts are arranged on the belt, and the belt runs for one day from low speed to high speed; the grinding wheel is arranged, and the grinding wheel runs for one day from low speed to high speed; trial machining of parts, wherein the upper amount of the parts is 0.02 mm: the grinding speed is 400r/min, the grinding is operated for 15 hours, and the current is reduced to 1.4A from 2.3A; the rotating speed is increased to 600r/min, and the current is 2.2A; the rotating speed is increased to 700r/min, and the current is 2.5A; and detecting the external dimension, the geometric tolerance and the surface roughness after the processing is finished, and delivering the product for use when the detection result meets the technological requirements of the drawing of the processed part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the optimal matching tolerance between the main shaft and the bearing bush is obtained through manufacturing various clamping molds and making perfect repair technology in the repair process and repeated verification in the repair practice process; the gap between the main shaft and the rear bearing bush is ensured to be 0.04mm by manufacturing the rear bearing bush and manufacturing a false main shaft for grinding the rear bearing bush; the M10 grinding paste is used for honing the rear bearing bush by means of the false main shaft, so that better surface roughness and ideal geometric precision of the rear bearing bush are obtained, uniform contact between the bearing bush and the main shaft is realized, sufficient dynamic pressure oil wedge is formed between the shaft neck of the main shaft and the bearing bush, quick repair of the main shaft and the bearing bush is realized, and quick recovery of machining precision of the high-precision numerically controlled grinder is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a repair process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of repairing the rear bearing shell, the spindle journal and the front bearing shell in the embodiment of fig. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rear bearing shell according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in fig. 1 or 2.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rear bearing shell of figure 3 according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a rear bearing bush; 1.1-oil drain; 1.2-external tendons; 1.2.1-right side line; 1.2.2-left line; 1.3-a first carrying area; 1.4-a first oil inlet area; 1.5-a first oil outlet zone; 1.6-a second carrying area; 1.7-a second oil inlet area; 1.8-a second oil outlet area; 1.9-a third bearing zone; 1.10-a third oil inlet area; 1.11-a third oil outlet area; 1.12-fourth carrying area; 1.13-fourth oil inlet area; 1.14-fourth oil outlet area.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like in the embodiments indicate directional terms, and are merely used for simplifying the description based on the positional relationship of the drawings in the specification, and do not represent that the elements and devices and the like referred to must be operated according to the specific orientations and the operations and methods, configurations defined in the specification, and such directional terms do not constitute limitations of the present invention.
In order to solve the technical problem that the existing high-precision numerically-controlled grinder needs to repair the spindle unit rapidly due to scrapping of a rear bearing bush, the invention provides an embodiment of a method for repairing the spindle unit of the high-precision numerically-controlled grinder, as shown in figures 1 and 2, comprising the following steps: preparing a repair tool; repairing the rear bearing bush 1, the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush; the main shaft bearing bush is prepared to work in the earlier stage of running-in and runs in; the repairing of the rear bearing bush 1, the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush comprises the following steps: mapping and manufacturing the rear bearing bush 1, checking the front bearing bush, repairing tortoise cracks and annular lines of a shaft neck of a main shaft, repairing an outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush 1, repairing an inner hole of the rear bearing bush 1, assembling the rear bearing bush 1, installing the main shaft, adjusting a gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft, adjusting a gap between the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft, further trimming oil inlet areas of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush 1, disassembling the main shaft assembly, cleaning parts of the main shaft, cleaning a grinding head oil tank by using dough, detecting a gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft, detecting a gap between the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft and installing the main shaft assembly.
The dough is made by kneading flour and other components such as liquid, and has high viscosity and strong adsorption force.
Optionally, the repair tool comprises a willow leaf scraper, a triangular scraper, a dial indicator, sand paper, oilstone, red lead powder, blue oil, an electric file polisher, a pulley nut open spanner, a sleeve, wash oil and an iron rod.
Specifically, the sleeve is 1.5 meters, and the iron rod is 12mm in diameter and 200mm in length.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the mapping post-manufacture bearing shell 1 and the pre-inspection bearing shell comprise the following steps: sampling and testing the original rear bearing bush material, determining the rear bearing bush 1 material, processing and manufacturing an inner hole oil return groove, a static pressure cavity and an oil cavity hole of the rear bearing bush 1 according to the size of the original rear bearing bush, and processing a stress relief groove to eliminate stress; when the abrasion loss of the inner hole of the front bearing bush is checked to be within 0.02mm and the roundness is consistent, the front bearing bush can be continuously and normally used.
Specifically, the rear bearing bush 1 is made of ZQSn10-1.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the repairing the tortoise cracks and ring lines of the spindle journal includes the following steps: the crack lines with the width not more than 40mm exist between the spindle and the contact shaft neck of the rear bearing bush 1 before repairing, the annular lines exist at the front end of the shaft neck, sand paper is soaked in a spindle oil basin, and the contact shaft neck of the spindle and the rear bearing bush 1 is polished by wrapping oil-dipped sand paper with cloth strips until the polishing effect that the crack lines are obviously lightened and the annular lines disappear is achieved.
Specifically, the abrasive paper adopts 600# abrasive paper, the spindle oil adopts 10# spindle oil, and the polishing time is at least three hours.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the outer tapered surface of the post-repair bearing shell 1 includes the steps of: after the rear bearing bush 1 manufactured through mapping is manufactured, firstly cleaning an inner cone steel sleeve matched with the rear bearing bush 1, and coating blue oil on an inner hole of the inner cone steel sleeve, wherein the blue oil is coated on the position supporting four ribs with the front bearing bush; uniformly coating red lead powder on the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush 1, and grinding the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush 1 and the inner conical surface of the inner conical steel sleeve; after finishing the lapping, fixedly placing the lapping component on a bench vice, and repeatedly polishing the four rib black point positions of the outer circle of the rear bearing bush 1 for multiple times along the arc direction of the rib part by using a scraper rod externally wound with sand paper until the display point is qualified.
In the embodiment, the blue oil is smeared so that the scraping display points are more obvious; when the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush 1 and the inner conical surface of the inner conical steel sleeve are ground, the left thumb and the right thumb of a grinding person are required to be put on the left side and the right side of the rear bearing bush 1, the rear bearing bush is pushed out to the front by using impact force, the two thumbs exert force evenly, and when the rear bearing bush is ground, two positioning holes on the upper part of the rear bearing bush 1 are aligned with two positioning holes of the inner conical steel sleeve.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2-4, the repairing the inner bore of the post-bearing shell 1 comprises the steps of: manufacturing a false main shaft for scraping the rear bearing bush 1, wherein the rear bearing bush neck size of the false main shaft is 0.04mm larger than the diameter of the main shaft, and the standard free clearance between the front bearing bush 1 and the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft is 0.08mm; removing high points of the inner holes of the rear bearing bush 1 by using a willow leaf scraper; an oil inlet area, a bearing area and an oil outlet area are formed in the rear bearing bush 1, an inner hole of the rear bearing bush 1 is divided into four working cavities by taking four evenly distributed oil grooves 1.1 as dividing lines, each working cavity is divided into two lines according to the width of an outer rib, the bearing area is formed in the middle of the two lines, the oil inlet area is formed between the right side line 1.2.1 of the outer rib 1.2 and the oil groove 1.1 on the right side, the oil outlet area is formed between the left side line 1.2.2 of the outer rib 1.2 and the oil groove 1.1 on the left side, in order to improve the polishing finish, a conical grinding wheel head on an electric file is used for polishing, and a round yarn cloth head on the electric file is used for polishing, wherein the polishing positions are the oil inlet area and the oil outlet area of the four working cavities in the inner hole of the rear bearing bush 1, and the oil outlet area are uniformly polished for one time; and scraping the inner hole of the rear bearing bush 1: and (3) coating red lead powder inside the rear bearing bush 1, leveling the false main shaft, fixing firmly, and repeatedly lapping corresponding journals between the rear bearing bush 1 and the false main shaft until the number of points of the four bearing areas reaches 10-12 points/25 multiplied by 25 square millimeters.
In the embodiment, the size of the rear bushing neck of the false main shaft is 0.04mm larger than the diameter of the true main shaft, so that the inner hole of the rear bushing 1 can be guaranteed to have 0.04mm scraping allowance, and the unexpected scraping is prevented from being caused, so that the coaxiality requirement between the front bushing and the rear bushing 1 can not be guaranteed. The positions of the oil inlet area and the oil outlet area of the rear bearing bush 1 are opposite to those of the oil inlet area and the oil outlet area of the front bearing bush, and can be determined according to the rotation direction of the main shaft.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the four working chambers include a first working chamber, a second working chamber, a third working chamber and a fourth working chamber, the first working chamber includes a first bearing area 1.3, a first oil inlet area 1.4 and a first oil outlet area 1.5, the second working chamber includes a second bearing area 1.6, a second oil inlet area 1.7 and a second oil outlet area 1.8, the third working chamber includes a third bearing area 1.9, a third oil inlet area 1.10 and a third oil outlet area 1.11, and the fourth working chamber includes a fourth bearing area 1.12, a fourth oil inlet area 1.13 and a fourth oil outlet area 1.14.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the post-assembly bearing shell 1 comprises the steps of: coating red lead powder on an inner hole and an outer circle of the rear bearing bush 1, mounting the rear bearing bush 1 in a grinding head box body hole, accurately mounting two positioning screws in the rear bearing bush 1 positioning hole, and then mounting an inner adjusting nut, an outer adjusting nut and an adjusting pressing pad, wherein the inner adjusting nut and the outer adjusting nut are not locked, so as to prepare for mounting the main shaft; the installation main shaft comprises the following steps: blue oil is coated on the front journal and the rear journal of the main shaft, and then the main shaft is stably installed until the main shaft reaches the original working position.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the adjusting the gap between the front bearing shell and the spindle includes the following steps: because the front bearing bush does not have a holding bush, the abrasion loss is small, and the roundness size is consistent, the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft is adjusted to be zero, and the rear bearing bush 1, namely the shrinkage bush, is scraped by taking the front bearing bush as a reference.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the tile shrinking includes the following steps: the left-hand nut in the front bearing bush is rotated in a clockwise direction when the front end of the main shaft grinding head is seen from the rear end, the left-hand nut in the front bearing bush is used for amplifying the gap of the front bearing bush, the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush is rotated in a anticlockwise direction, a small rod and a sleeve are used for impacting and moving the sleeve to rotate the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush, the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush pushes a pressing pad, and the pressing pad pushes the big end of the front bearing bush to reduce the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft; using an open spanner and a sleeve to move a pulley nut to drive the main shaft to rotate, using a feeler gauge to detect the clearance of the front bearing bush and continuously performing clearance adjustment until a person moves the sleeve with certain resistance and can move, and adjusting the front bearing bush until the clearance is adjusted; after the zero clearance of the front bearing bush is properly adjusted, the left-handed nut in the rear bearing bush 1 is rotated in the anticlockwise direction, the sleeve is impacted and moved by using the small rod and the sleeve so as to rotate the nut in the rear bearing bush 1, and the positioning nut of the rear bearing bush 1 is pre-tightened, so that the rear bearing bush 1 is prevented from moving when the front bearing bush is ground.
Specifically, the sleeve length is 300mm.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the adjusting the gap between the bearing shell 1 and the spindle includes the following steps: scribing lines on the rear bearing bush box body and the external nut so as to display the rotation position of the external nut and the distance between the movement of the external nut in the next time and the movement of the external nut in the previous time, and scribing lines are scribed once by once every grinding so as to prove that the movement of the external nut in the next time is larger than that in the previous time; the right-hand nut in the rear bearing bush 1 is rotated in a clockwise direction when the front end of the main shaft grinding head stands towards the rear end, and the right-hand nut in the rear bearing bush 1 is used for amplifying the gap of the rear bearing bush 1; then, the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush 1 is rotated in the anticlockwise direction, a small rod and a sleeve are used for impacting and moving the sleeve to rotate the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush 1, the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush 1 pushes a pressing pad, and the pressing pad pushes the large end of the rear bearing bush 1 to reduce the gap between the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft; the open spanner is used for adding a sleeve to move the pulley nut to drive the main shaft to rotate until the rear bearing bush 1 is adjusted until one person moves the sleeve to have larger resistance than the rear bearing bush 1 which is independently moved and can move; and the main shaft is moved to rotate for half a circle, so that the display point of the rear bearing bush 1 is more obvious, and the inner hole of the rear bearing bush 1 is repeatedly scraped.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the further trimming of the oil inlet area of the front and rear bearing shells 1 comprises the following steps: after the bearing area of the rear bearing bush 1 is scraped to be qualified, the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush 1 are respectively disassembled, the oil inlet area is further trimmed by a willow leaf scraper, and the gap of the oil inlet area is deepened, so that oil inlet is ensured to be full
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the removing the spindle assembly includes removing the spindle, the front shell outer nut, the rear shell outer nut, the press pad, the front shell inner nut, and the rear shell inner nut.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the step of detecting the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft means that the free gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft is detected to be in the range of 0.06mm-0.08mm by typing, and the step of detecting the gap between the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft means that the free gap between the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft is detected to be in the range of 0.06mm-0.08mm by typing.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the mounting spindle assembly includes the steps of: installing a front bearing bush, a rear bearing bush 1, a pressing pad, four positioning screws and steel sleeve nuts, installing a dynamic pressure pipeline oil tank of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush 1, filling main shaft oil, circularly flushing the dynamic pressure pipelines of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush 1 by using the main shaft oil, and opening an oil pump to discharge the main shaft oil at a refrigerator after the main shaft oil is circularly flushed for half an hour; the spindle, the axial positioning copper pad, the axial positioning left-handed nut and the axial positioning gland are installed; when the upper part of the main shaft is used for performing surface marking detection, a sleeve prying is used for lifting the main shaft, the outer steel sleeve nut of the front bearing bush is continuously rotated in the anticlockwise direction until a gauge needle displays 0.04mm, the inner steel sleeve nut of the front bearing bush is rotationally pre-tightened in the anticlockwise direction, the front bearing bush is prevented from loosening, and the adjustment of the front bearing bush is completed; when the upper part of the main shaft is used for performing surface marking detection, a sleeve prying is used for lifting the main shaft of the rear bearing bush, the outer steel sleeve nut of the rear bearing bush 1 is rotated in the anticlockwise direction until a gauge needle displays 0.04mm, the inner steel sleeve nut of the rear bearing bush 1 is rotationally pre-tightened in the anticlockwise direction, the rear bearing bush 1 is prevented from loosening, and the adjustment of the rear bearing bush 1 is completed; the end face of the main shaft is provided with a meter to detect that the axial movement of the main shaft is 0.02mm; refilling the main shaft oil to 2/3 of the oil level of the oil tank; and rechecking the gaps between the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush 1 and the main shaft again, wherein the technical requirements of the standard working gap are met.
In this embodiment, the standard working gap of the front bearing bush is 0.04mm, and the standard working gap of the rear bearing bush 1 is 0.04mm.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the preparation work of the main shaft bushing in the running-in early stage includes the following steps: starting the main shaft when the refrigerator reaches 25 ℃; the front bearing bush temperature sensing device is arranged at a first threaded hole on the front bearing bush, and the rear bearing bush temperature sensing device is arranged at a second threaded hole on the rear bearing bush 1; the front bearing bush flow switch is arranged on the front bearing bush lubrication pipeline, and the rear bearing bush 1 flow switch is arranged on the rear bearing bush 1 lubrication pipeline, so that the lubrication condition of the main shaft bearing bush can be detected in real time.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the main shaft bushing running-in includes the following steps: running in during no-load operation: the rotating speed is 400r/min, the operation is carried out for 15 hours, and the current is reduced to 1.4A from 2.3A; the rotating speed is increased to 600r/min, and the current is 2.2A; the rotating speed is increased to 700r/min, and the current is 2.5A; the rotating speed of a belt is 400r/min, the current is 1.4A, and the current reaches 1.5A by adjusting the belt tensioning device; 6 belts are arranged on the machine, and the machine runs for one day from low speed to high speed; 12 belts are arranged on the belt, and the belt runs for one day from low speed to high speed; the grinding wheel is arranged, and the grinding wheel runs for one day from low speed to high speed; trial machining of parts, wherein the upper amount of the parts is 0.02 mm: the grinding speed is 400r/min, the grinding is operated for 15 hours, and the current is reduced to 1.4A from 2.3A; the rotating speed is increased to 600r/min, and the current is 2.2A; the rotating speed is increased to 700r/min, and the current is 2.5A; and detecting the external dimension, the geometric tolerance and the surface roughness after the processing is finished, and delivering the product for use when the detection result meets the technological requirements of the drawing of the processed part.
According to the invention, the optimal matching tolerance between the main shaft and the bearing bush is obtained through manufacturing various clamping molds and making perfect repair technology in the repair process and repeated verification in the repair practice process; by manufacturing the rear bearing bush 1 and manufacturing a false main shaft for grinding the rear bearing bush 1, a gap of 0.04mm is ensured between the main shaft and the rear bearing bush 1; the M10 grinding paste is used and the rear bearing bush 1 is honed by means of a false main shaft, so that good surface roughness and ideal geometric precision of the rear bearing bush 1 are obtained, uniform contact between the bearing bush and the main shaft is realized, sufficient dynamic pressure oil wedge is formed between the shaft neck of the main shaft and the bearing bush, quick repair of the main shaft and the bearing bush is realized, and quick recovery of machining precision of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder is realized.
Although the present invention is disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various arrangements and combinations of the above-described preferred embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for repairing the spindle unit of the high-precision numerical control grinding machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preparing a repair tool; repairing the rear bearing bush (1), the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush; the method comprises the steps of preparing a main shaft bearing bush to run in earlier stage and running in the main shaft bearing bush; the repairing rear bearing bush (1), the main shaft journal and the front bearing bush comprise the following steps: mapping and manufacturing the rear bearing bush (1), checking the front bearing bush, repairing tortoise cracks and annular lines of a shaft neck of a main shaft, repairing an external conical surface of the rear bearing bush (1), repairing an inner hole of the rear bearing bush (1), assembling the rear bearing bush (1), installing the main shaft, adjusting a gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft, adjusting a gap between the rear bearing bush (1) and the main shaft, further trimming oil inlet areas of the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush (1), disassembling the main shaft assembly, cleaning parts of the main shaft, cleaning a grinding head oil tank by using dough, detecting the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft, detecting the gap between the rear bearing bush (1) and the main shaft and installing the main shaft assembly.
2. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the post-mapping bearing bush (1) and the pre-inspection bearing bush comprise the steps of: sampling and testing the original rear bearing bush material, determining the rear bearing bush (1) material, processing and manufacturing an inner hole oil return groove, a static pressure cavity and an oil cavity hole of the rear bearing bush (1) according to the size of the original rear bearing bush, and processing a stress relief groove to eliminate stress; when the abrasion loss of the inner hole of the front bearing bush is checked to be within 0.02mm and the roundness is consistent, the front bearing bush can be continuously and normally used.
3. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, wherein the repairing of the tortoise cracks and ring lines of the spindle journal comprises the steps of: the crack lines with the width not more than 40mm exist between the spindle and the contact shaft neck of the rear bearing bush (1) before repairing, the annular lines exist at the front end of the shaft neck, sand paper is soaked in a spindle oil basin, cloth strips are used for winding oil-dipped sand paper to polish the contact shaft neck of the spindle and the rear bearing bush (1) until the polishing effect that the crack lines are obviously lightened and the annular lines disappear is achieved.
4. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, wherein the outer tapered surface of the post-repair bush (1) comprises the steps of: after the rear bearing bush (1) manufactured through mapping is manufactured, firstly cleaning an inner cone steel sleeve matched with the rear bearing bush (1), coating blue oil on an inner hole of the inner cone steel sleeve, and coating the blue oil on positions supporting four ribs with the front bearing bush; uniformly coating red lead powder on the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush (1), and grinding the outer conical surface of the rear bearing bush (1) and the inner conical surface of the inner conical steel sleeve; after finishing the lapping, fixedly placing the lapping component on a bench vice, and repeatedly polishing the four rib black point positions of the outer circle of the rear bearing bush (1) for multiple times along the arc direction of the rib part by using a scraper rod externally wound with sand paper until the display point is qualified.
5. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, wherein the repairing of the inner bore of the bush (1) comprises the steps of: manufacturing a false main shaft for scraping the rear bearing bush (1), wherein the journal size of the rear bearing bush of the false main shaft is 0.04mm larger than the diameter of the main shaft, and the standard free clearance between the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush (1) and the main shaft is 0.08mm; removing high points of an inner hole of the rear bearing bush (1) by using a willow leaf scraper; an oil inlet area, a bearing area and an oil outlet area are formed in an upper tile opening of the rear bearing bush (1), an inner hole of the rear bearing bush (1) is divided into four working cavities by taking four evenly distributed oil grooves (1.1) as dividing lines, each working cavity is divided into two lines according to the width of an outer rib (1.2), the middle part of each line is the bearing area, the oil inlet area is formed between a right side line (1.2.1) of the outer rib (1.2) and the oil grooves (1.1) on the right side, the oil outlet area is formed between a left side line (1.2.2) of the outer rib (1.2) and the oil grooves (1.1), in order to improve the polishing smoothness, a conical grinding wheel head on an electric file is used for polishing, and a round yarn head on the electric file is used for polishing, wherein the polishing part is the oil inlet area and the oil outlet area of the four working cavities of the rear bearing bush (1) and the oil outlet area are uniformly polished; inner holes of the rear bearing bushes (1) are scraped: and (3) coating red lead powder inside the rear bearing bush (1), leveling the false main shaft, fixing firmly, and repeatedly lapping corresponding journals between the rear bearing bush (1) and the false main shaft until the number of points of the four bearing areas reaches 10-12 points/25 multiplied by 25 square millimeters.
6. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that said post-assembly bearing bush (1) comprises the steps of: the method comprises the steps of coating red lead powder on an inner hole and an outer circle of a rear bearing bush (1), installing the rear bearing bush (1) in a grinding head box body hole, accurately installing two positioning screws in the rear bearing bush (1) positioning hole, and then installing an inner adjusting nut, an outer adjusting nut and an adjusting pressing pad, wherein the inner adjusting nut and the outer adjusting nut are not locked, so as to prepare for installing a main shaft; the installation main shaft comprises the following steps: blue oil is coated on the front journal and the rear journal of the main shaft, and then the main shaft is stably installed until the main shaft reaches the original working position.
7. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting the gap between the front bearing shell and the spindle comprises the steps of: because the front bearing bush does not have a holding bush, the abrasion loss is small, and the roundness size is consistent, the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft is adjusted to be zero, and the rear bearing bush, namely the shrinkage bush, is scraped by taking the front bearing bush as a reference.
8. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder as in claim 7, wherein the shrink shoe comprises the steps of: the left-hand nut in the front bearing bush is rotated in a clockwise direction when the front end of the main shaft grinding head is seen from the rear end, the left-hand nut in the front bearing bush is used for amplifying the gap of the front bearing bush, the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush is rotated in a anticlockwise direction, a small rod and a sleeve are used for impacting and moving the sleeve to rotate the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush, the right-hand nut outside the front bearing bush pushes a pressing pad, and the pressing pad pushes the big end of the front bearing bush to reduce the gap between the front bearing bush and the main shaft; using an open spanner and a sleeve to move a pulley nut to drive the main shaft to rotate, using a feeler gauge to detect the clearance of the front bearing bush and continuously performing clearance adjustment until a person moves the sleeve with certain resistance and can move, and adjusting the front bearing bush until the clearance is adjusted; after the zero clearance of the front bearing bush is properly adjusted, the left-handed nut in the rear bearing bush (1) is rotated in the anticlockwise direction, a small rod is used for adding a sleeve to impact and move the sleeve so as to rotate the nut in the rear bearing bush (1), and the positioning nut of the rear bearing bush (1) is pre-tightened, so that the rear bearing bush (1) is prevented from moving when the front bearing bush is ground.
9. The method for repairing the spindle unit of the high-precision numerically-controlled grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the gap between the adjusted bearing bush (1) and the spindle comprises the following steps: scribing lines on the rear bearing bush box body and the external nut so as to display the rotation position of the external nut and the distance between the movement of the external nut in the next time and the movement of the external nut in the previous time, and scribing lines are scribed once by once every grinding so as to prove that the movement of the external nut in the next time is larger than that in the previous time; the right-hand nut in the rear bearing bush (1) is rotated in a clockwise direction when the front end of the main shaft grinding head is seen from the rear end, and the right-hand nut in the rear bearing bush (1) is used for amplifying the gap of the rear bearing bush (1); then, rotating the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush (1) in a counterclockwise direction, and using a small rod and a sleeve to impact and move the sleeve to rotate the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush (1), wherein the left-handed nut outside the rear bearing bush (1) pushes a pressing pad, and the pressing pad pushes the large end of the rear bearing bush (1) to reduce a gap between the rear bearing bush (1) and the main shaft; the open spanner is used for adding a sleeve to move the pulley nut to drive the main shaft to rotate until the rear bearing bush (1) is adjusted when one person moves the sleeve to have larger resistance than the rear bearing bush (1) which is independently moved and can be moved; and the main shaft is moved to rotate for half a circle, so that the display point of the rear bearing bush (1) is more obvious, and the inner hole of the rear bearing bush (1) is repeatedly scraped.
10. The method for repairing a spindle unit of a high-precision numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, wherein the further trimming of the oil inlet areas of the front and rear bushes (1) comprises the steps of: after the bearing area of the rear bearing bush (1) is scraped to be qualified, the front bearing bush and the rear bearing bush (1) are detached respectively, the oil inlet area is further trimmed by a willow leaf scraper, and the gap of the oil inlet area is deepened so as to ensure full oil inlet.
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| CN110935955A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-31 | 四川德胜集团钒钛有限公司 | Bearing bush scraping method |
| CN111571113A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 三一重机有限公司 | Bearing bush seat repairing method |
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| CN101185999A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-28 | 上海浦东汉华科技工程公司 | Technique method for in situ repairing large and middle diesel engine crank axle in machine |
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| WO2012045538A1 (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-04-12 | Sms Siemag Ag | Method for preparing a bearing arrangement, and bearing arrangement |
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