CN114964709A - River development physical deposition simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
River development physical deposition simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a river development physical deposition simulation experiment device and method. The invention comprises the following steps: the river development physical deposition simulation experiment device can provide various simulation states, not only can conveniently and flexibly adjust the gradient of a river channel, but also can restore the sand quantity difference phenomenon carried by different water flow intensities in the nature during simulation, so that the reality degree of the muddy sand water flowing in the simulation is higher, and the problems that the existing river development physical deposition simulation experiment device can only provide a single river state, the gradient of the river channel is inconvenient to flexibly adjust, the sand quantity difference phenomenon carried by different water flow intensities in the nature cannot be restored during simulation, and the experiment efficiency is low are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sedimentation simulation experiments, in particular to a river development physical sedimentation simulation experiment device and method.
Background
Rivers are common sedimentation systems, and river-phase sand bodies are also important research contents in oil and gas exploration and are divided into braided rivers, meandering rivers, direct rivers and reticular rivers according to the forms, and the forms of the rivers are controlled by factors such as sedimentation environments, sediment contents and the like. The characteristics of the same river, such as deposition pattern, swing range, depth and the like, are different due to different deposition environments. The morphological characteristics of the surface of the river channel are mainly controlled by various factors such as the gradient of the river channel, the load carrying mode, the nature of debris and the like, and change along with the change of the factors. In the field of sedimentology research, a sedimentary physical simulation experiment technology is an effective means for researching a sedimentary mechanism and reproducing an experiment process, and is also one of basic data sources of oil-gas exploration, and is used as an important component of a sedimentary physical simulation experiment device, a source supply device is a key link for effectively developing experiments, however, the existing river development physical sedimentation simulation experiment device can only provide simple single river channel simulation, cannot flexibly adjust and record the gradient, flow and sand content of the river channel, cannot restore the sand content difference phenomenon carried by different water flow intensities in the nature, and is low in experiment efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a river development physical deposition simulation experiment device and method, which are used for solving the problems that the existing river development physical deposition simulation experiment device only can provide simple single river channel simulation, is inconvenient to flexibly adjust and record the gradient, the flow and the sand content of the river channel, cannot restore the sand quantity difference phenomenon carried by different water flow intensities in nature, and has low experiment efficiency. Can only provide single river state, inconvenient nimble river slope of adjusting, the problem of the sand volume difference phenomenon that different rivers intensity carried in can't laminating reality simultaneously when the simulation.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus, including: the device comprises an experiment control bottom plate, a simulation experiment box, a supporting seat, an adjusting mechanism, a movable plate, a loading box, a movement control mechanism, a partition plate, a feeding pipe and a conveying pipe, wherein a fixed groove is formed in the top of the experiment control bottom plate, the supporting seat is rotatably installed in the fixed groove, the simulation experiment box is fixedly installed on the supporting seat, the top of the simulation experiment box is an opening, a pre-laid sediment basal layer is arranged in the simulation experiment box, a collecting box is fixedly installed on one side of the simulation experiment box, the top of the collecting box is an opening, a plurality of collecting pipes are fixedly installed on one side of the simulation experiment box, the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the experiment control bottom plate and is connected with the simulation experiment box, the movable plate is slidably installed on one side of the simulation experiment box, the loading box is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate, and the movement control mechanism is arranged on the movable plate, the device comprises a movement control mechanism, a loading box, a baffle plate, a conveying pipe, a conveying plate, a guide plate, a material guide plate, a ventilation hole, a blower and a filter screen, wherein the movement control mechanism is connected with the simulation experiment box, the baffle plate is fixedly arranged in the loading box, the bottom of the loading box is provided with a mounting hole, the conveying pipe is fixedly arranged in the mounting hole, the bottom of the loading box is provided with a connecting hole, the conveying pipe is slidably arranged in the connecting hole, two sides of the conveying pipe are provided with water inlets, the loading box is provided with a driving mechanism, the conveying pipe and the conveying pipe are both connected with the driving mechanism, the conveying pipe is internally provided with a flow speed control mechanism, the inner wall of the simulation experiment box is fixedly provided with the conveying plate, the bottom of the loading box is fixedly provided with the material guide plate, the inner wall of one side of the simulation experiment box is provided with the ventilation hole, the ventilation hole is fixedly provided with the blower and the filter screen, the movement control mechanism comprises a translation seat, an insertion rod, a screw rod and a control knob, one side of the simulation experiment box is provided with a translation groove, the simulation experiment box comprises a moving plate, a translation seat, an inserting rod, a first worm wheel and an adjusting knob, wherein the translation seat is fixedly installed on one side of the moving plate, the translation seat is slidably installed in a translation groove, a groove is formed in one side of the translation seat, the inserting rod is slidably installed in the groove, the inserting rod is arranged on the inner wall of the translation groove, the inserting rod is connected in the groove, a threaded groove is formed in one end of the inserting rod, a third lead screw is connected in the threaded groove in a threaded manner, a control knob is fixedly installed at one end of the third lead screw, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting seat, a supporting arm, a first lead screw, a first worm wheel and the adjusting knob, an installing groove is formed in the bottom of the simulation experiment box, the supporting arm is rotatably installed in the installing groove, an adjusting groove is formed in the top of the experiment control bottom plate, an adjusting seat is slidably installed in the adjusting groove, one end of the supporting arm is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat, a first threaded hole is formed in one side of the adjusting seat, the adjusting mechanism is characterized in that a connecting groove is formed in the inner wall of the adjusting groove, a first screw rod is installed in the connecting groove in a rotating mode, a first screw rod is installed in a first threaded hole in a threaded mode, a first worm wheel is fixedly installed on the first screw rod, a fixed rod is installed in the connecting groove in a rotating mode, the two ends of the fixed rod are fixedly connected with a first worm and an adjusting knob respectively, and the first worm is meshed with the first worm wheel.
Further, actuating mechanism includes eccentric wheel, bevel gear one, rotary rod, mount pad one, driving gear, driven gear, mount pad two and screw conveyer pole, load the box and rotate and install the eccentric wheel, the eccentric wheel contacts with the top of conveyer pipe, one side fixed mounting of eccentric wheel has bevel gear two, it installs rotary rod and screw conveyer pole to rotate on the top inner wall of box to load, the both ends of rotary rod fixed mounting respectively have bevel gear one and mount pad one, bevel gear one meshes with bevel gear two.
Further, the top fixed mounting of auger delivery pole has mount pad two, and the cover is equipped with driven gear on the mount pad two, the cover is equipped with the driving gear on the installation one, driven gear and driving gear meshing, fixed mounting has drive wheel two on the rotary rod, the top fixed mounting who loads the box has servo motor, fixed mounting has drive wheel one on servo motor's the output, drive wheel one and the meshing of drive wheel two.
Further, flow rate control mechanism includes two valve plates, connection piece, second lead screw, rolling disc and second worm, equal slidable mounting has the valve plate on the both sides inner wall of conveyer pipe, and one side fixed mounting that two valve plates are close to each other has the connection piece, set up threaded hole two on the connection piece, second lead screw is installed to the conveyer pipe internal rotation, two threaded mounting of lead screw are in threaded hole two, the bottom fixed mounting of second lead screw has second worm wheel, rotate on the conveyer pipe and install the control lever, the both ends of control lever fixed mounting respectively has second worm and rolling disc, second worm meshes with second worm wheel.
Furthermore, a sealing ring is fixedly installed in the connecting hole, the conveying pipe is in contact with the sealing ring, and a placement transverse plate is fixedly installed in the simulation experiment box.
Furthermore, auxiliary plates are fixedly mounted on two sides of the conveying pipe, springs are fixedly mounted at the top ends of the two auxiliary plates, and the springs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box.
Further, the fixed orifices has been seted up on the driving gear, mount pad one sets up in the fixed orifices, two draw-in grooves have been seted up on the inner wall of fixed orifices, two shifting chutes have been seted up on the mount pad one, and equal slidable mounting has the fixture block in two shifting chutes, the fixture block is installed in the corresponding draw-in groove, and the equal fixed mounting in one end of two fixture blocks has the pressure spring, and pressure spring fixed mounting has seted up same control hole on the inner wall of shifting chute on the inner wall of two shifting chutes, and the connecting rod is installed to the control hole internal rotation, and fixed mounting is around establishing wheel and regulating wheel respectively at the connecting rod both ends, around establishing two stay cords of taking turns to fixedly connected with, the one end fixed connection of stay cord is on the fixture block that corresponds.
Further, an auxiliary groove is formed in the inner wall of the fixing groove, a fixing block is fixedly mounted on the supporting seat, and the fixing block is rotatably mounted in the auxiliary groove.
The invention also provides a river development physical deposition simulation experiment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the adjusting knob is rotated to drive the first worm to rotate, the first worm controls the first screw rod on the first worm wheel to rotate, the first screw rod controls the adjusting seat to move, the adjusting seat drives the supporting arm to move, the supporting arm drives the simulation experiment box to rotate, the simulation experiment box drives the supporting seat to rotate, the inclination angle of the sediment base layer can be adjusted, the flow velocity sensor is installed on the placing transverse plate, and the flow velocities at different positions in the simulated river on the sediment base layer can be monitored;
s2: after the position is determined, a control knob is rotated, the control knob drives a screw rod III to rotate, the screw rod III drives an insertion rod to slide out of an insertion slot, the fixed limit of a translation seat can be cancelled, a loading box can be moved, the loading box drives a movable plate to move, the use position of the loading box on a simulation experiment box is adjusted, an air blower and a servo motor are started, the air blower can blow air to a sediment base layer, the servo motor drives a driving wheel I to rotate, the driving wheel I drives a driving wheel II to rotate, the driving wheel II drives a rotary rod to rotate, the rotary rod drives a mounting seat I and a driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives a driven gear and a spiral conveying rod to rotate;
s3: the conveying device comprises a conveying pipe, a feeding pipe, a guide plate, a spiral conveying rod, a bevel gear I, an eccentric wheel, a conveying pipe, a spring, a driven gear, a driving gear, a transmission gear and a transmission gear, wherein the transmission gear, the transmission gear and the transmission gear are arranged in the transmission gear;
s4: the rotating disc can be rotated to drive the worm II to rotate, the worm II drives the worm wheel II and the screw rod II to rotate, the screw rod II drives the two valve plates on the connecting sheet to move, the valve plates can adjust the opening size of a water inlet, the water flow size can be adjusted, the adjusting wheel can be rotated to drive the winding wheel to rotate, the winding wheel drives the two pull ropes to wind, the pull ropes can drive the clamping blocks to slide out of the clamping grooves, the fixing of the driving gear can be cancelled, the size ratio of the driving gear to the driven gear can be adjusted, the conveying plate conveys sand-containing water onto the silt base layer and simulates river flow, and meanwhile, the state of water flow deposition on the silt base layer can be observed and recorded.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
through with simulation experiment box and loading box setting on experiment control bottom plate, can adjust the slope of silt stratum basale as required according to the experiment, can satisfy multiple experiment requirement, still can control the release amount and the flow velocity of silt water, actual river development and the behavior of can laminating to a great extent, the experimental effect is more accurate, and wind-force is carried and is accelerated silt stratum basale evaporation of water, improves experimental efficiency.
Can restore the sand volume difference phenomenon that different rivers intensity carried in nature during the simulation, solve current river development physical deposition simulation experimental apparatus and can only provide simple single river course simulation, can not adjust and take notes river course slope, flow, sand content in a flexible way, can't restore the sand volume difference phenomenon that different rivers intensity carried in nature, and the problem that experimental efficiency is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus for river development according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of part A of a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of part B of a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of part C of a simulation experiment apparatus for physical deposition in river development according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of part D of a physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus for river development according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the water flow intensity and deposition of a physical deposition simulation device for river development according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph of the amount of sediment added and the amount of erosion (deposition) in a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an experiment control bottom plate; 2. simulating an experiment box; 3. a silt substrate layer; 4. A supporting seat; 5. an adjustment mechanism; 501. an adjusting seat; 502. a support arm; 503. a first screw rod; 504. a first worm; 505. a first worm wheel; 506. adjusting a knob; 6. a collection box; 7. placing a transverse plate; 8. moving the plate; 9. loading a cartridge; 10. a partition plate; 11. a feed pipe; 12. a delivery pipe; 13. a spring; 14. an eccentric wheel; 15. a first bevel gear; 16. rotating the rod; 17. a first mounting seat; 18. a driving gear; 19. a screw conveying rod; 20. a second mounting seat; 21. a driven gear; 22. a clamping block; 23. winding wheels; 24. an adjustment wheel; 25. a servo motor; 26. a first driving wheel; 27. a second driving wheel; 28. a stock guide; 29. a valve plate; 30. a second screw rod; 31. rotating the disc; 32. a second worm; 33. a blower; 34. a conveying plate; 35. a translation seat; 36. a rod is inserted; 37. a third screw rod; 38. and a control knob.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, a river development physical deposition simulation experiment apparatus includes: the device comprises an experiment control bottom plate 1, a simulation experiment box 2, a supporting seat 4, an adjusting mechanism 5, a movable plate 8, a loading box 9, a movement control mechanism, a partition plate 10, a feeding pipe 11 and a conveying pipe 12, wherein a fixed groove is formed in the top of the experiment control bottom plate 1, the supporting seat 4 is rotatably installed in the fixed groove, the simulation experiment box 2 is fixedly installed on the supporting seat 4, the top of the simulation experiment box 2 is an opening, a sediment base layer 3 is arranged in the simulation experiment box 2, a collecting box 6 is fixedly installed on one side of the simulation experiment box 2, the top of the collecting box 6 is an opening, a plurality of collecting pipes are fixedly installed on one side of the simulation experiment box 2, the adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged on the experiment control bottom plate 1, the adjusting mechanism 5 is connected with the simulation experiment box 2, and the movable plate 8 is slidably installed on one side of the simulation experiment box 2, the loading box 9 is fixedly installed at the top of the moving plate 8, the movement control mechanism is arranged on the moving plate 8, the movement control mechanism is connected with the simulation experiment box 2, the partition plate 10 is fixedly installed in the loading box 9, an installation hole is formed in the bottom of the loading box 9, the feeding pipe 11 is fixedly installed in the installation hole, a connection hole is formed in the bottom of the loading box 9, the conveying pipe 12 is slidably installed in the connection hole, water inlets are formed in two sides of the conveying pipe 12, a conveying plate 34 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the simulation experiment box 2, and a material guide plate 28 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the loading box 9;
the simulation experiment box 2 is characterized in that a ventilation hole is formed in the inner wall of one side of the simulation experiment box 2, an air blower 33 and a filter screen are fixedly installed in the ventilation hole, an eccentric wheel 14 is rotatably installed in the loading box 9, the eccentric wheel 14 is in contact with the top end of the conveying pipe 12, a bevel gear II is fixedly installed on one side of the eccentric wheel 14, a rotating rod 16 and a spiral conveying rod 19 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the top of the loading box 9, a bevel gear I15 and an installation seat I17 are respectively and fixedly installed at two ends of the rotating rod 16, the bevel gear I15 is meshed with the bevel gear II, an installation seat II 20 is fixedly installed at the top end of the spiral conveying rod 19, a driven gear 21 is sleeved on the installation seat II 20, a driving gear 18 is sleeved on the installation I, the driven gear 21 is meshed with the driving gear 18, a driving wheel II 27 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 16, and a servo motor 25 is fixedly installed at the top of the loading box 9, a first driving wheel 26 is fixedly mounted on the output of the servo motor 25, the first driving wheel 26 is meshed with a second driving wheel 27, valve plates 29 are slidably mounted on the inner walls of two sides of the conveying pipe 12, a connecting piece is fixedly mounted on one side, close to the two valve plates 29, of each connecting piece, a second threaded hole is formed in each connecting piece, a second screw rod 30 is rotatably mounted in the conveying pipe 12, the second screw rod 30 is mounted in the second threaded hole in a threaded manner, a second worm wheel 30 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the second screw rod 30, a control rod is rotatably mounted on the conveying pipe 12, a second worm 32 and a rotating disc 31 are fixedly mounted at two ends of the control rod respectively, and the second worm 32 is meshed with the second worm wheel;
the mobile control mechanism comprises a translation seat 35, an insert rod 36, a screw rod III 37 and a control knob 38, a translation groove is formed in one side of the simulation experiment box 2, the translation seat 35 is fixedly installed on one side of the moving plate 8, the translation seat 35 is slidably installed in the translation groove, a groove is formed in one side of the translation seat 35, the insert rod 36 is slidably installed in the groove, a plurality of slots are formed in the inner wall of the translation groove, the insert rod 36 is connected in the slots, a thread groove is formed in one end of the insert rod 36, the screw rod III 37 is in threaded connection with the thread groove, the control knob 38 is fixedly installed at one end of the screw rod III 37, the adjusting mechanism 5 comprises an adjusting seat 501, a supporting arm 502, a screw rod I503, a worm I504, a worm wheel I505 and an adjusting knob 506, an installation groove is formed in the bottom of the simulation experiment box 2, and the supporting arm 502 is rotatably installed in the installation groove, the adjustment tank has been seted up at the top of experiment control bottom plate 1, slidable mounting has regulation seat 501 in the adjustment tank, the one end of support arm 502 is rotated and is connected on regulation seat 501, threaded hole one has been seted up to one side of regulation seat 501, the spread groove has been seted up on the inner wall of adjustment tank, a lead screw 503 is installed to the spread groove internal rotation, a lead screw 503 threaded mounting is in threaded hole one, fixed mounting has worm wheel 505 on the lead screw 503, the dead lever is installed to the spread groove internal rotation, fixedly connected with worm 504 and adjust knob 506 respectively at the both ends of dead lever, worm 504 and the meshing of worm wheel 505.
In this embodiment, fixed mounting has the sealing washer in the connecting hole, conveyer pipe 12 contacts with the sealing washer, fixed mounting has places diaphragm 7 in the simulation experiment box 2.
In this embodiment, the two sides of the conveying pipe 12 are both fixedly provided with auxiliary plates, the top ends of the two auxiliary plates are both fixedly provided with springs 13, and the springs 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box 9.
In this embodiment, the fixed orifices has been seted up on the driving gear 18, mount pad 17 sets up in the fixed orifices, two draw-in grooves have been seted up on the inner wall of fixed orifices, two shifting chutes have been seted up on mount pad 17, and equal slidable mounting has fixture block 22 in two shifting chutes, fixture block 22 is installed in the draw-in groove that corresponds, and the equal fixed mounting in one end of two fixture blocks 22 has the pressure spring, and pressure spring fixed mounting has seted up same control hole on the inner wall of shifting chute on the inner wall of two shifting chutes, and the connecting rod is installed to the downthehole rotation of control, and the connecting rod both ends are fixed mounting respectively around establishing wheel 23 and regulating wheel 24, around establishing two stay cords of fixedly connected with on wheel 23, the one end fixed connection of stay cord is on the fixture block 22 that corresponds.
In this embodiment, seted up the auxiliary tank on the inner wall of fixed slot, fixed mounting has the fixed block on the supporting seat 4, and the fixed block rotates and installs in the auxiliary tank, and the position when supporting seat 4 rotates can be stabilized to the fixed block.
The embodiment also provides a river development physical deposition simulation experiment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the adjusting knob 506 is rotated to drive the first worm 504 to rotate, the first worm 504 controls the first screw rod 503 on the first worm wheel 505 to rotate, the first screw rod 503 controls the adjusting seat 501 to move, the adjusting seat 501 drives the supporting arm 502 to move, the supporting arm 502 drives the simulation experiment box 2 to rotate, the simulation experiment box 2 drives the supporting seat 4 to rotate, the inclination angle of the sediment base layer 3 can be adjusted, the flow velocity sensor is installed on the placing transverse plate 7, the flow velocity of different positions of the sediment base layer 3 can be monitored, the length of a river channel and the circulation of sediment can be maximally prolonged, errors caused by hydrodynamic force during water adding are reduced, a curve graph of water flow strength and deposition amount is obtained after research analysis and recording, and detailed parameters are shown in FIG. 8;
s2: after the position is determined, the control knob 38 is rotated, the control knob 38 drives the third screw rod 37 to rotate, the third screw rod 37 drives the inserted rod 36 to slide out of the slot, the fixed limit of the translation seat 35 can be cancelled, the loading box 9 can be moved, the loading box 9 drives the movable plate 8 to move, the use position of the loading box 9 on the simulation experiment box 2 is adjusted, the air blower 33 and the servo motor 25 are started, the air blower 33 can blow air to the sediment base layer 3, evaporation and solidification of the base layer are accelerated, the servo motor 25 drives the first driving wheel 26 to rotate, the first driving wheel 26 drives the second driving wheel 27 to rotate, the second driving wheel 27 drives the rotary rod 16 to rotate, the rotary rod 16 drives the first mounting seat 17 and the driving gear 18 to rotate, and the driving gear 18 drives the driven gear 21 and the spiral conveying rod 19 to rotate;
s3: the spiral conveying rod 19 drives sand grains in the loading box 9 to be conveyed to the material guide plate 28 from the material conveying pipe 11, the material guide plate 28 conveys the sand grains to the conveying plate 34, meanwhile, the rotating rod 16 drives the bevel gear I15 to rotate, the bevel gear I15 drives the bevel gear II and the eccentric wheel 14 to rotate, the eccentric wheel 14 extrudes the conveying pipe 12, the conveying pipe 12 pulls the spring 13, the conveying pipe 12 can be driven to reset under the elastic action of the spring 13, when two water inlets on the conveying pipe 12 enter the loading box 9, water in the loading box 9 enters from the water inlets and is conveyed to the conveying plate 34, the sand grains and the water can be simultaneously mixed and conveyed, and the driven gear 21 and the driving gear 18 are different in diameter, so that the conveying amount of the sand grains is different from the conveying amount of the water;
s4: the rotating disc 31 can be rotated to drive the worm gear 32 to rotate, the worm gear 32 drives the worm wheel 32 and the screw rod 30 to rotate, the screw rod 30 drives the two valve plates 29 on the connecting sheet to move, the valve plates 29 can adjust the opening size of the water inlet, so that the water flow can be adjusted, the adjusting wheel 24 can be rotated to drive the winding wheel 23 to rotate, the winding wheel 23 drives the two pull ropes to wind, the pull ropes can drive the clamping blocks 22 to slide out of the clamping grooves, so that the fixing of the driving gear 18 can be cancelled, the size ratio of the driving gear 18 to the driven gear 21 can be adjusted, the conveying plate 34 conveys sand-containing water to the sediment base layer 3 and simulates river flowing water, the deposition state of the downstream part in the sediment base layer 3 can be observed and recorded, the sediment amount, the adding amount and the discharging amount on the sediment base layer 3 can be recorded, so that the relationship between the sediment amount and the erosion amount can be calculated, in the area with large simulated fall, the part with high flow speed has strong undercutting effect, on the contrary, in the area with small simulated fall, the part with high flow speed has weaker undercutting effect, a curve graph of the silt addition amount and the erosion (deposition) amount is obtained after research, analysis and recording, and the detailed parameters are shown in figure 9;
in summary, when the river development physical deposition simulation experiment device provided by the invention works, the adjusting knob 506 is rotated to drive the worm first 504 to rotate, the worm first 504 controls the screw first 503 on the worm first 505 to rotate, the screw first 503 controls the adjusting seat 501 to move, the adjusting seat 501 drives the supporting arm 502 to move, the supporting arm 502 drives the simulation experiment box 2 to rotate, the simulation experiment box 2 drives the supporting seat 4 to rotate, the inclination angle of the sediment base layer 3 can be adjusted, the flow rate sensor is arranged on the placing transverse plate 7, the flow rates of different positions of the sediment base layer 3 can be monitored, the control knob 38 is rotated after the position is determined, the control knob 38 drives the screw third 37 to rotate, the screw third 37 drives the inserting rod 36 to slide out of the slot, the fixed limit of the translation seat 35 can be cancelled, the loading box moving plate 9 can be moved, the loading box 9 drives the loading box 8 to move, and the using position of the loading box 9 on the simulation experiment box 2 can be adjusted, the air blower 33 and the servo motor 25 are started, the air blower 33 can blow air to the sediment base layer 3, the servo motor 25 drives the driving wheel I26 to rotate, the driving wheel I26 drives the driving wheel II 27 to rotate, the driving wheel II 27 drives the rotating rod 16 to rotate, the rotating rod 16 drives the mounting seat I17 and the driving gear 18 to rotate, the driving gear 18 drives the driven gear 21 and the spiral conveying rod 19 to rotate, the spiral conveying rod 19 drives sand grains in the loading box 9 to be conveyed to the material guide plate 28 from the material conveying pipe 11, the material guide plate 28 conveys the sand grains to the conveying plate 34, meanwhile, the rotating rod 16 drives the bevel gear I15 to rotate, the bevel gear I15 drives the bevel gear II and the eccentric wheel 14 to rotate, the eccentric wheel 14 extrudes the conveying pipe 12, the conveying pipe 12 pulls the spring 13, the conveying pipe 12 can be reset under the elastic action of the spring 13, and when two water inlets on the conveying pipe 12 enter the loading box 9, the water in the loading box 9 enters from the water inlet and is sent to the conveying plate 34, sand grains and water can be simultaneously mixed and conveyed, the diameters of the driven gear 21 and the driving gear 18 are different, the conveying amount of sand grains is different from that of water, the rotating disc 31 is rotated to drive the second worm 32 to rotate, the second worm 32 drives the second worm wheel and the second screw rod 30 to rotate, the second screw rod 30 drives the two valve plates 29 on the connecting piece to move, the valve plates 29 can adjust the opening size of the water inlet, thereby adjusting the water flow, rotating the adjusting wheel 24 to drive the winding wheel 23 to rotate, driving the winding wheel 23 to wind the two pull ropes, driving the clamping block 22 to slide out of the clamping groove by the pull ropes, the fixing of the driving gear 18 can be cancelled, the size ratio of the driving gear 18 to the driven gear 21 can be adjusted, the conveying plate 34 conveys the sand-containing water to the sediment base layer 3 and simulates river flowing water, and then the deposition state of the downstream part in the sediment base layer 3 can be observed and recorded.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. A river development physical deposition simulation experiment device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an experiment control bottom plate (1), a simulation experiment box (2), a supporting seat (4), an adjusting mechanism (5), a movable plate (8), a loading box (9), a movement control mechanism, a partition plate (10), a feeding pipe (11) and a conveying pipe (12), wherein a fixed groove is formed in the top of the experiment control bottom plate (1), the supporting seat (4) is rotatably installed in the fixed groove, the simulation experiment box (2) is fixedly installed on the supporting seat (4), the top of the simulation experiment box (2) is an opening, a sand and sand base layer (3) which is paved in advance is arranged in the simulation experiment box (2), a collecting box (6) is fixedly installed on one side of the simulation experiment box (2), the top of the collecting box (6) is an opening, a plurality of collecting pipes are fixedly installed on one side of the simulation experiment box (2), and the adjusting mechanism (5) is arranged on the experiment control bottom plate (1), the adjusting mechanism (5) is connected with the simulation experiment box (2), the movable plate (8) is slidably mounted on one side of the simulation experiment box (2), the loading box (9) is fixedly mounted at the top of the movable plate (8), the movement control mechanism is arranged on the movable plate (8), the movement control mechanism is connected with the simulation experiment box (2), the partition plate (10) is fixedly mounted in the loading box (9), a mounting hole is formed in the bottom of the loading box (9), the feeding pipe (11) is fixedly mounted in the mounting hole, a connecting hole is formed in the bottom of the loading box (9), the conveying pipe (12) is slidably mounted in the connecting hole, water inlets are formed in two sides of the conveying pipe (12), a driving mechanism is arranged on the loading box (9), and the feeding pipe (11) and the conveying pipe (12) are both connected with the driving mechanism, the device is characterized in that a flow rate control mechanism is arranged in the conveying pipe (12), a conveying plate (34) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the simulation experiment box (2), a material guide plate (28) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the loading box (9), a ventilation hole is formed in one side inner wall of the simulation experiment box (2), an air blower (33) and a filter screen are fixedly mounted in the ventilation hole, the movement control mechanism comprises a translation seat (35), an insertion rod (36), a lead screw (37) and a control knob (38), a translation groove is formed in one side of the simulation experiment box (2), a translation seat (35) is fixedly mounted on one side of the moving plate (8), the translation seat (35) is slidably mounted in the translation groove, a groove is formed in one side of the translation seat (35), the insertion rod (36) is slidably mounted in the groove, and a plurality of slots are formed in the inner wall of the translation groove, the experimental control device is characterized in that the inserted bar (36) is connected in the slot, a thread groove is formed in one end of the inserted bar (36), a screw rod III (37) is connected in the thread groove in a threaded manner, a control knob (38) is fixedly mounted at one end of the screw rod III (37), the adjusting mechanism (5) comprises an adjusting seat (501), a supporting arm (502), a screw rod I (503), a worm I (504), a worm wheel I (505) and an adjusting knob (506), a mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the simulation experiment box (2), the supporting arm (502) is rotatably mounted in the mounting groove, an adjusting groove is formed in the top of the experimental control base plate (1), the adjusting seat (501) is slidably mounted in the adjusting groove, one end of the supporting arm (502) is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat (501), a threaded hole I is formed in one side of the adjusting seat (501), and a connecting groove is formed in the inner wall of the adjusting groove, the utility model discloses a lead screw, including connecting groove internal rotation, lead screw (503), screw hole (503), fixed mounting has worm wheel (505) on lead screw (503), the dead lever is installed to the connecting groove internal rotation, the both ends difference fixedly connected with worm (504) and adjust knob (506) of dead lever, worm (504) and worm wheel (505) meshing.
2. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel (14), a first bevel gear (15), a rotating rod (16), a first mounting seat (17), a driving gear (18), a driven gear (21), a second mounting seat (20) and a spiral conveying rod (19), the eccentric wheel (14) is rotatably mounted in the loading box (9), the eccentric wheel (14) is in contact with the top end of the conveying pipe (12), a second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on one side of the eccentric wheel (14), the rotating rod (16) and the spiral conveying rod (19) are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the top of the loading box (9), the first bevel gear (15) and the first mounting seat (17) are respectively fixedly mounted at two ends of the rotating rod (16), and the first bevel gear (15) is engaged with the second bevel gear.
3. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development as claimed in claim 2, wherein a second mounting seat (20) is fixedly mounted at the top end of the spiral conveying rod (19), a driven gear (21) is sleeved on the second mounting seat (20), a driving gear (18) is sleeved on the first mounting seat, the driven gear (21) is meshed with the driving gear (18), a second driving wheel (27) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (16), a servo motor (25) is fixedly mounted at the top of the loading box (9), a first driving wheel (26) is fixedly mounted at the output of the servo motor (25), and the first driving wheel (26) is meshed with the second driving wheel (27).
4. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development according to claim 1, the flow rate control mechanism comprises two valve plates (29), a connecting sheet, a second screw rod (30), a rotating disc (31) and a second worm (32), valve plates (29) are slidably mounted on the inner walls of the two sides of the conveying pipe (12), a connecting sheet is fixedly mounted on one side of the two valve plates (29) close to each other, a second threaded hole is formed in the connecting piece, a second screw rod (30) is rotatably installed in the conveying pipe (12), the second screw rod (30) is arranged in the second threaded hole in a threaded manner, the second worm wheel is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the second screw rod (30), the utility model discloses a worm gear, including conveyer pipe (12), conveyer pipe (12) are gone up to rotate and are installed the control lever, the both ends of control lever fixed mounting respectively has two worms (32) and rolling disc (31), two worms (32) and two meshing of worm wheel.
5. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development according to claim 1, wherein a sealing ring is fixedly installed in the connecting hole, the delivery pipe (12) is in contact with the sealing ring, and a placement transverse plate (7) is fixedly installed in the experimental simulation box (2).
6. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development according to claim 1, wherein auxiliary plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the delivery pipe (12), springs (13) are fixedly installed on the top ends of the two auxiliary plates, and the springs (13) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the loading box (9).
7. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development according to claim 3, the driving gear (18) is provided with a fixing hole, the first mounting seat (17) is arranged in the fixing hole, two clamping grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed hole, two moving grooves are arranged on the first mounting seat (17), clamping blocks (22) are slidably arranged in the two moving grooves, the clamping blocks (22) are arranged in the corresponding clamping grooves, one ends of the two clamping blocks (22) are fixedly provided with pressure springs, the pressure springs are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the moving grooves, the inner walls of the two moving grooves are provided with the same control hole, a connecting rod is rotatably arranged in the control hole, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively and fixedly provided with a winding wheel (23) and an adjusting wheel (24), and the winding wheel (23) is fixedly connected with two pull ropes, and one end of each pull rope is fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping block (22).
8. The experimental device for simulating physical deposition in river development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the fixing groove is provided with an auxiliary groove, the supporting seat (4) is fixedly provided with a fixing block, and the fixing block is rotatably mounted in the auxiliary groove.
9. A river development physical deposition simulation experiment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the adjusting knob (506) is rotated to drive the first worm (504) to rotate, the first worm (504) controls the first screw rod (503) on the first worm wheel (505) to rotate, the first screw rod (503) controls the adjusting seat (501) to move, the adjusting seat (501) drives the supporting arm (502) to move, the supporting arm (502) drives the simulation experiment box (2) to rotate, the simulation experiment box (2) drives the supporting seat (4) to rotate, the inclination angle of the sediment layer (3) can be adjusted, the flow velocity sensor is installed on the placing transverse plate (7), and the flow velocities of different positions in a simulated river on the sediment layer (3) can be monitored;
s2: after the position is determined, the control knob (38) is rotated, the control knob (38) drives the screw rod III (37) to rotate, the screw rod III (37) drives the inserted rod (36) to slide out of the slot, namely, the fixed limit of the translation seat (35) can be cancelled, the loading box (9) can be moved, the loading box (9) drives the moving plate (8) to move, adjusting the use position of the loading box (9) on the simulation experiment box (2), starting an air blower (33) and a servo motor (25), wherein the air blower (33) can blow wind to the area of the sediment base layer (3), the servo motor (25) drives a driving wheel I (26) to rotate, the driving wheel I (26) drives a driving wheel II (27) to rotate, the driving wheel II (27) drives a rotating rod (16) to rotate, the rotating rod (16) drives a mounting seat I (17) and a driving gear (18) to rotate, and the driving gear (18) drives a driven gear (21) and a spiral conveying rod (19) to rotate;
s3: the sand grains in the loading box (9) are driven by the spiral conveying rod (19) to be conveyed to the material guide plate (28) from the feeding pipe (11), the sand grains are conveyed to the conveying plate (34) by the material guide plate (28), meanwhile, the rotating rod (16) drives the bevel gear I (15) to rotate, the bevel gear I (15) drives the bevel gear II and the eccentric wheel (14) to rotate, the eccentric wheel (14) extrudes the conveying pipe (12), the conveying pipe (12) pulls the spring (13), the conveying pipe (12) can be reset under the elastic action of the spring (13), when two water inlets in the conveying pipe (12) enter the loading box (9), water in the loading box (9) enters the conveying plate (34) from the water inlets, the sand grains and the water can be simultaneously mixed and conveyed, and the driven gear (21) and the driving gear (18) are different in diameter, so that the conveying amount of the sand grains is different from the conveying amount of the conveying of the water;
s4: the rotating disc (31) can be rotated to drive the second worm (32) to rotate, the second worm (32) drives the second worm wheel and the second screw rod (30) to rotate, the second screw rod (30) drives the two valve plates (29) on the connecting sheet to move, the valve plates (29) can adjust the opening size of a water inlet, so that the water flow can be adjusted, the adjusting wheel (24) can be rotated to drive the winding wheel (23) to rotate, the winding wheel (23) drives the two pull ropes to wind, the pull ropes can drive the clamping blocks (22) to slide out of the clamping grooves, the fixing of the driving gear (18) can be cancelled, the size ratio of the driving gear (18) to the driven gear (21) can be adjusted, the conveying plate (34) conveys the sand-containing water to the sediment base layer (3) and simulates river flowing water, and meanwhile, the water flow deposition state on the sediment base layer (3) can be observed and recorded.
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