CN114956612A - Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow - Google Patents
Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow Download PDFInfo
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- CN114956612A CN114956612A CN202210700783.9A CN202210700783A CN114956612A CN 114956612 A CN114956612 A CN 114956612A CN 202210700783 A CN202210700783 A CN 202210700783A CN 114956612 A CN114956612 A CN 114956612A
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- flue gas
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- lime
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 101100399296 Mus musculus Lime1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 61
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/12—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling in shaft or vertical furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/40—Production or processing of lime, e.g. limestone regeneration of lime in pulp and sugar mills
Abstract
The invention relates to a cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow in forward and reverse directions, which can effectively solve the problems of flue gas backflow temperature control and forward and reverse heating decomposition of limestone by combustion flue gas. The air gas is premixed and combusted in the brick body structure, and limestone is calcined in the kiln chamber, so that the problems that the combustion temperature of the premixed gas limestone cannot be controlled, and the sintering and high-temperature overburning are caused by high-temperature calcination are avoided; the flue gas collected from the lower part is transmitted through a flue gas transmission pipe to directly enter the lower part of the preheating section of the upper kiln chamber from the lower part of the calcining section of the kiln body, the combination of forward calcining at the lower part and reverse calcining at the upper part is formed in the calcining chamber of the kiln chamber, and the flowing state of the flue gas in the kiln chamber is regulated and controlled through the flue gas transmission pipe; the adjustable premixed combustion of the high-temperature backflow flue gas controls the premixed combustion temperature of the air gas and the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the kiln chamber, and improves the performance of the lime kiln; the temperature of burnt lime and guide flue gas is reduced by using the upper and lower cooling air, the combustion temperature is controlled, the smoke exhaust temperature is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the lime kiln is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lime calcining kiln, in particular to a cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow, which is realized in a vertical kiln cylinder by the aid of the combustion airflow and limestone moving in the same direction on the premise of premixed combustion of gas fuel to enable the limestone to be heated and decomposed (forward calcining) and hot flue gas and limestone moving in reverse direction to enable the limestone to be heated and decomposed (reverse calcining).
Background
In the industrial application field, the calcination (thermal decomposition) of limestone into quick lime by using the heat generated by fuel combustion is a process commonly used in industry, and a lime kiln is a thermal device for completing the process. Different types of lime kilns are generally selected according to the application of lime, the required capacity, the use environment, the supply of energy, the investment state, the environment-friendly requirement and the like due to different calcination modes, different kiln type structures, the change of fuel and combustion modes, the difference of performance indexes of burnt lime and the like. At present, the most used limekilns can be divided into shaft kilns, rotary kilns, double-hearth kilns and sleeve kilns according to the structural characteristics, and the limekilns can be divided into a mixed combustion limekiln (solid fuel) and a gas combustion limekiln (gas fuel) according to the combustion fuel. With the increasing strictness of the environmental protection requirement, the mixed burning lime kiln becomes an object to be eliminated, and the gas burning lime kiln gradually becomes a mainstream kiln type for lime calcination.
In fact, calcination of limestone (soft burning) is most suitably achieved by a high-temperature flue gas flow with appropriate heating intensity and appropriate temperature during the decomposition of limestone, rather than allowing it to achieve heating calcination during combustion, much less high-intensity heating (hard burning). Limestone particles are heated by flowing high-temperature flue gas in a kiln chamber of the lime kiln and gradually reach a proper temperature to be decomposed to form calcium oxide and release carbon dioxide. Practice shows that good limestone calcining effect can be obtained by controlling the temperature of the flue gas for heating limestone to be between 900 ℃ and 1000 ℃, such as high calcium oxide content (low overburning rate), good lime activity (soft burning) and the like. In fact, it is not easy to achieve this in the kiln chamber, and especially the kiln-type structures of the lime kilns mentioned above are difficult to achieve the above requirements in the determined fluid flow, combustion and heat transfer modes. Therefore, based on the limestone thermal decomposition mechanism, starting from the combustion, flow and heat transfer principles of lime kiln fluid, the search for a new kiln type structure becomes the main direction of lime kiln technical innovation. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing the structural characteristics and the operation practice of the lime kiln, the cylindrical shaft kiln which can realize premixed combustion of air and gas, realize flue gas backflow temperature control and realize heating decomposition of limestone by combustion flue gas in the forward direction (the limestone movement direction is consistent with the airflow flowing direction) and the reverse direction (the limestone movement direction is opposite to the airflow flowing direction) is provided, and the cylindrical shaft kiln is a way for effectively overcoming the defects of the prior art, but has no public report so far.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, and in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow, which can effectively solve the problems of flue gas backflow temperature control and limestone heating decomposition in forward direction (the limestone movement direction is consistent with the airflow flow direction) and reverse direction (the limestone movement direction is opposite to the airflow flow direction) by using combustion flue gas.
The invention solves the technical scheme that a cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow in the forward and reverse directions comprises a lime kiln cylinder body formed by building refractory materials in a cylindrical steel shell, wherein a feeding and flue gas gathering section is arranged at the center of the upper opening part of the lime kiln cylinder body, a kiln chamber cooling section which is connected into a whole is arranged at the lower bottom of the lime kiln cylinder body, the feeding and flue gas gathering section is formed by a feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe, a limestone storage conical opening is arranged at the upper top of the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body, a stone material regulating conical rod is arranged at the center of the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body, a limestone distribution conical ring is arranged at the lower part of the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body, and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe which is communicated with a central cavity of the wall body is horizontally arranged in the middle part of the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body; the lime kiln comprises a lime kiln cylinder body, a kiln hearth preheating section, a kiln hearth calcining section and a lime kiln cylinder body, wherein the wall body of the kiln hearth preheating section at the upper part of the lime kiln cylinder body is internally provided with the kiln hearth calcining section, the wall body of the kiln hearth calcining section at the lower part of the lime kiln cylinder body is internally provided with the kiln hearth calcining section, the lime kiln cylinder body is formed by concentrically connecting the wall body of the kiln hearth preheating section and the wall body of the kiln hearth calcining section from top to bottom, the lower part of the wall body of the kiln hearth preheating section is internally provided with a coaxial diversion flue gas distribution ring channel, the inner side of the diversion flue gas distribution ring channel is provided with a plurality of rows of flue gas flow outlets uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and communicated with the kiln hearth preheating section, the outer side of the diversion flue gas distribution ring channel is provided with a diversion flue gas inlet pipe communicated with the diversion flue gas transmission pipe from bottom to bottom, and the wall body of the kiln hearth preheating section is concentrically supported on the wall body of the kiln hearth calcining section at the lower part to form an integrated structure; a concentric diversion flue gas collection loop is arranged in the lower part of the wall body of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, a plurality of rows of flue gas suction ports which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the loop and are used for communicating the calcining section of the kiln chamber, a diversion flue gas outlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the diversion flue gas collection loop and communicated with the diversion flue gas outlet pipe, and the diversion flue gas outlet pipe is bent and upwards communicated with a diversion flue gas transmission pipe; the method comprises the following steps that a coaxial premixed combustion loop is arranged in the middle of a wall body of a kiln chamber calcining section, uniformly distributed premixed combustion chamber partition walls are arranged in the premixed combustion loop, a plurality of independent premixed combustion chambers are uniformly arranged in the premixed combustion loop along the circumferential direction, a plurality of rows of combustion airflow ejection ports uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of each premixed combustion chamber and communicated with the kiln chamber calcining section, and communicated rotational flow premixed air channels are arranged on the outer side of each premixed combustion chamber; the cyclone premixed gas channel is a circular variable-section pipeline, extends out of the wall body of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, the end part of the cyclone premixed gas channel is closed, the concentric periphery of a gas inlet nozzle pipe is hermetically inserted into the cyclone premixed gas channel, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the gas inlet nozzle pipe and the inner wall of the cyclone premixed gas channel, an air inlet pipe communicated with the gap is vertically arranged on the side wall of the cyclone premixed gas channel extending out of the wall body of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, the upper surface and the lower surface of the minimum flow section of the cyclone premixed gas channel are respectively connected with an upper return flue gas guide pipe and a lower return flue gas guide pipe which are communicated, the upper end of the upper return flue gas guide pipe is communicated with the bottom of the guide flue gas distribution loop, and the lower end of the lower return flue gas guide pipe is communicated with the top of the guide flue gas collection loop; the wall body of the kiln chamber calcining section is connected with the upper part of the wall body of the kiln chamber cooling section below the wall body of the kiln chamber into a whole and is supported on a bearing ring of the wall body of the kiln chamber; the kiln cooling section wall body is of a gradually shrinking structure, a quick lime discharging distribution cone is arranged at the center of the bottom of the kiln cooling section wall body, and an annular gap between the quick lime discharging distribution cone and the kiln cooling section wall body forms a quick lime discharging hole.
The design concept of the lime kiln structure mainly aims to: 1) the structure of the burner is improved, so that the air gas is premixed and combusted in a specific brick structure (ceramic burner), and then the calcining process of limestone is completed in a kiln chamber, so that the condition that the temperature cannot be controlled due to the combustion in premixed gas limestone (in a porous body) is avoided, and further the high-temperature calcining causes kiln caking and high-temperature overburning, and the hidden danger of reducing the quality of calcined lime is formed; 2) the defect that the cylindrical shaft kiln can only calcine lime in a single reverse direction is overcome, flue gas collected at the lower part directly enters the lower part of the preheating section of the upper kiln chamber from the lower part of the calcining section of the kiln body through a flue gas transmission pipe arranged in the circumferential direction, a limestone section calcining mode combining lower forward calcining and upper reverse calcining is formed in the calcining chamber of the kiln chamber, the flowing state of the flue gas in the kiln chamber can be approximately and automatically regulated through the set structure and flowing state of the flue gas transmission pipe, and the optimal running mode of the lime is searched or realized; 3) the adjustable premixed combustion of the mixed high-temperature backflow flue gas is realized through the drainage flue gas, the temperature of the premixed combustion of the air gas and the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the kiln chamber are better controlled, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection of the lime kiln are effectively realized on the basis of improving the performance of the lime kiln; 4) the arrangement of the upper cooling air and the lower cooling air can effectively reduce the temperature of burnt lime and the temperature of guided flue gas by utilizing the reasonable configuration of the upper cooling air and the lower cooling air, is finally beneficial to controlling the combustion temperature, reducing the temperature of the flue gas and improving the heat efficiency of the lime kiln, and simultaneously increases the adjustable performance and the controllable performance of the calcining process of the lime kiln. In a word, due to the adoption of the technical measures, the cylindrical shaft kiln with the structure effectively realizes air gas premixed combustion of high-temperature flue gas backflow temperature control and limestone thermal decomposition combining lower-temperature countercurrent calcination and higher-temperature concurrent calcination in a single kiln chamber; the arrangement of the external flue gas transmission pipeline realizes the control of the airflow field of the kiln chamber and the automatic regulation and control of the temperature of the kiln chamber as required, reduces the whole air quantity, improves the heat efficiency of the lime kiln and effectively controls the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas (can meet the environmental protection requirement of ultralow emission).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of the structure of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a smoke distribution portion of the inventive structure.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a flue gas merging section of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a flue gas cooling chamber of the inventive structure.
Detailed Description
The following describes the specific structure and embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-5, the cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow comprises a lime kiln cylinder body 1 formed by building refractory materials in a cylindrical steel shell, a feeding and flue gas gathering section 2 is arranged at the center of the upper opening part of the lime kiln cylinder body 1, a kiln chamber cooling section 5 which is connected into a whole is arranged at the lower bottom part of the lime kiln cylinder body 1, the feeding and flue gas converging section 2 consists of a feeding and flue gas converging section wall body 2-1 and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe 2-5, a limestone storage conical opening 2-2 is arranged in the top of the feeding and flue gas converging section wall body 2-1, a stone material regulating taper rod 2-3 is arranged at the center of the lime kiln, a limestone distribution taper ring 2-4 is arranged at the lower part of the wall 2-1 of the feeding and flue gas gathering section, and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe 2-5 communicated with a central cavity of the wall is horizontally arranged in the middle of the wall 2-1 of the feeding and flue gas gathering section; the lime kiln comprises a lime kiln cylinder 1, a kiln chamber preheating section 3 is formed in a kiln chamber preheating section wall 3-1 at the upper part of the lime kiln cylinder 1, a kiln chamber calcining section 4 is formed in a kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1 at the lower part of the lime kiln cylinder 1, the lime kiln cylinder 1 is formed by connecting a kiln chamber preheating section wall 3-1 and a kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1 together in an up-and-down concentric manner, a coaxial guide flue gas distribution loop 3-2 is arranged in the lower part of the kiln chamber preheating section wall 3-1, a plurality of rows of flue gas outlets 3-3 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the guide flue gas distribution loop 3-2 and communicated with the kiln chamber preheating section 3, a guide flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 communicated with the guide flue gas distribution loop 3-2 is arranged on the outer side of the guide flue gas distribution loop 3-2, the guide flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 is communicated with a guide flue gas transmission pipe 4-14 downwards, the wall 3-1 of the preheating section of the kiln chamber is concentrically supported on the wall 4-1 of the calcining section of the kiln chamber at the lower part to form an integrated structure; a concentric diversion flue gas collection loop 4-2 is arranged in the lower part of a wall body 4-1 of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, a plurality of rows of flue gas suction ports 4-3 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the loop and are used for communicating the calcining section 4 of the kiln chamber, a diversion flue gas outlet pipe 4-4 is arranged on the outer side of the diversion flue gas collection loop 4-2 and is communicated with the diversion flue gas outlet pipe 4-4, and the diversion flue gas outlet pipe 4-4 is bent and upwards communicated with a diversion flue gas transmission pipe 4-14; a coaxial premixed combustion loop 4-12 is arranged in the middle of a wall 4-1 of a calcining section of a kiln chamber, a premixed combustion chamber partition wall 4-13 which is uniformly distributed is arranged in the premixed combustion loop 4-12, the interior of the premixed combustion loop 4-12 is equally divided into a plurality of independent premixed combustion chambers 4-12-1 along the circumferential direction, a plurality of rows of combustion air flow ejection ports 4-11 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of each premixed combustion chamber 4-12-1 and communicated with the interior of the calcining section 4 of the kiln chamber, and a communicated rotational flow premixed air channel 4-7 is arranged on the outer side of each premixed combustion chamber 4-12-1; the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7 is a circular variable cross-section pipeline, extends out of a wall body 4-1 of a calcining section of the kiln chamber, the end part is closed, the concentric periphery of a gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 is hermetically inserted into the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 and the inner wall of the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7, an air inlet pipe 4-6 communicated with the gap is vertically arranged on the side wall of the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7 extending out of the wall body 4-1 of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, the upper surface and the lower surface of the minimum position of the flow cross section of the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7 are respectively connected with an upper backflow flue gas guide pipe 4-9 and a lower backflow flue gas guide pipe 4-8 which are communicated, the upper end of the upper backflow flue gas guide pipe 4-9 is connected with the bottom of a flow guide flue gas distribution loop 3-2, the lower end of the lower return flue gas guide pipe 4-9 is communicated with the top of the diversion flue gas collecting loop 4-2; the wall 4-1 of the calcining section of the kiln chamber is connected with the upper part of the wall 5-1 of the cooling section of the kiln chamber below the calcining section of the kiln chamber into a whole and is supported on a bearing ring 5-8 of the wall of the kiln chamber; the kiln hearth cooling section wall body 5-1 is characterized in that a horizontal and coaxial cooling air distribution ring pipe 5-3 is arranged outside the kiln hearth cooling section wall body 5-1, a plurality of upper cooling air ejection pipes 5-5 and a plurality of lower cooling air ejection pipes 5-4 are respectively and uniformly led out from the upper part and the lower part of the ring pipe in the circumferential direction and are respectively and vertically connected into the kiln hearth cooling section wall body 5-1 in a turning mode, a cooling air inlet pipe 5-2 is connected and communicated from the outer side of the cooling air distribution ring pipe 5-3 in a connecting mode, the kiln hearth cooling section wall body 5-1 is in a gradually shrinking structure, a quick lime discharging distribution cone 5-6 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the kiln hearth cooling section wall body 5-1, and a quick lime discharging port 5-7 is formed by an annular gap between the quick lime discharging cone and the kiln hearth cooling section wall body.
The lime kiln cylinder 1 is made of refractory materials formed by welding heat-resistant steel plates into a cylinder shape and building the cylinder shape in the lime kiln cylinder, and the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall 2-1 and the kiln chamber cooling section wall 5-1 are formed by spraying a wear-resistant spraying layer 9 in a heat-resistant steel shell (the refractory materials can be different refractory materials according to different kilns).
In the loading and flue gas gathering section wall body 2-1, the upside of the loading and flue gas gathering section wall body is provided with an inverted cone-shaped limestone storage cone opening 2-2, the limestone storage cone opening 2-2 is fixed on a steel shell of the loading and flue gas gathering section wall body 2-1, the center of the limestone storage cone opening is provided with a stone material regulating cone rod 2-3, the stone material regulating cone rod 2-3 is formed by connecting a circular pull rod at the upside with a triangular cone at the downside, the stone material regulating cone rod moves up and down, and the lower outlet of the limestone storage cone opening 2-2 is sealed by moving upwards.
The limestone distribution conical ring 2-4 is a conical ring structure with a triangular cross section made of heat-resistant steel, and is fixed at the bottom of a steel cylinder of the wall body 2-1 of the feeding and flue gas gathering section by a triangular rib plate along the circumferential direction, and the parts of the limestone distribution conical ring, which are contacted with limestone, are sprayed with wear-resistant spray paint.
The diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2 is annular with a rectangular cross section, a plurality of rows of flue gas outlets 3-3 with a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed rectangular cross sections are arranged on the inner side of the diversion flue gas distribution loop and gradually expanded in the height direction, the diversion flue gas collection loop 4-2 is annular with a rectangular cross section or a polygonal cross section, a plurality of rows of flue gas suction inlets 4-3 with a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed rectangular cross sections are arranged on the inner side of the diversion flue gas collection loop, and pipe orifices are gradually expanded in the height direction.
The diversion flue gas transmission pipe 4-14, the diversion flue gas eduction pipe 4-4 and the diversion flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 which are communicated with the diversion flue gas transmission pipe form an integral diversion flue gas pipeline, the inner surface of the pipeline is sprayed with a heat preservation spraying layer, the heat preservation spraying layer is circumferentially and uniformly welded on a kiln chamber steel shell, and the pipeline is provided with a regulating valve for regulating the flow rate of flue gas (not marked in the figure).
The pre-mixing combustion chamber 4-12-1 is formed by uniformly dividing an annular channel with a rectangular cross section by a pre-mixing combustion chamber partition wall 4-13, and is internally provided with a plurality of rows of combustion gas flow jet ports 4-11 with a plurality of rectangular cross sections which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the structure of a pipe mouth shape is gradually enlarged in the height direction.
The cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7 is a circular channel with a circular variable cross section and is built by refractory materials, the part extending out of a steel shell of a calcining section wall 4-1 of a kiln chamber is of a structure of building refractory materials in a heat-resistant steel cylinder, a gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 is vertically inserted into the calcining section wall 4-1 of the kiln chamber, the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 is made of heat-resistant steel pipes and is of a structure gradually contracted from outside to inside, an air inlet pipe 4-6 is formed by heat-resistant steel pipes and is vertically and eccentrically connected to an annular gap between the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7 and the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5.
An upper return flue gas guide pipe 4-9 and a lower return flue gas guide pipe 4-8 are respectively connected from top to bottom and communicated with the minimum flow section of the rotational flow premixing gas passage 4-7, and a rectangular section guide pipe built by refractory materials is arranged in the wall body 4-1 of the calcining section of the kiln chamber.
The cooling air distribution ring pipe 5-3, the upper cooling air ejection pipe 5-5 and the cooling air ejection pipe 5-4 are all pipes made of steel pipes, each pipe is provided with an airflow adjusting valve (not shown in the figure and known technology), and after the upper cooling air ejection pipe 5-5 and the cooling air ejection pipe 5-4 are respectively bent, the upper cooling air ejection pipe and the cooling air ejection pipe are welded together with a steel shell of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1 and extend into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1 to form a structure communicated with the kiln chamber cooling section 5.
When the invention is used, firstly limestone is loaded in a vertical kiln chamber, gas and combustion-supporting air are respectively connected from a gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 and an air inlet pipe 4-6, swirl premixed gas flow is formed in a swirl premixed gas channel 4-7, then the swirl premixed gas flow is sucked from an upper backflow flue gas guide pipe 4-9 and backflow flue gas sucked from a lower backflow flue gas guide pipe at the minimum section of the swirl premixed gas flow, the mixture enters a swirl premixed combustion chamber 4-12, after the premixed combustion process is finished, the mixture enters a kiln chamber calcining section 4 through a combustion gas flow jet 4-11, penetrates through a limestone accumulation layer of the combustion chamber and simultaneously flows upwards and downwards, limestone which flows downwards at the same time is heated, so that the limestone which flows downwards is in a thermal decomposition state, and carbon dioxide is gradually released to be converted into porous calcium oxide (called as quicklime); the previous thermal decomposition process (reverse calcination) of the limestone is completed by upward combustion airflow and downward limestone in the calcination section of the lime kiln, and then the later thermal decomposition process (forward calcination) is continuously completed by downward combustion airflow and downward limestone, and finally the limestone is completely calcined into quick lime; then, the flue gas with higher temperature after calcination passes through a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed flue gas suction inlets 4-3 to enter a diversion flue gas collection loop 4-2, then enters a diversion flue gas transmission pipe 4-14 and a diversion flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 through a diversion flue gas outlet pipe 4-4 to enter a diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2, then enters a kiln chamber preheating section 3 through a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed flue gas flow outlets 3-3, is converged with the flue gas from the kiln chamber calcination section and flows upwards, and simultaneously performs sufficient heat exchange with limestone moving downwards entering the kiln chamber preheating section, and then enters a feeding and flue gas collection section 2 along with gradual reduction of heat transfer temperature with the limestone and then flows out through a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe 2-5; after the limestone is calcined, the limestone enters the kiln chamber cooling section 5 downwards and is cooled by heat released under the combined action of upper and lower cooling air, and is discharged from a quick lime discharge port 5-7; meanwhile, cooling air goes upward to join with downward hot flue gas, then enters a flue gas suction inlet 4-3 together, and radially enters a kiln chamber preheating section 3 on the same path.
The implementation process shows that the controllable temperature in the lime kiln chamber is effectively realized by the arrangement of the structure of the premixed combustion chamber outside the kiln chamber and the premixed combustion mode of which the circumferential direction is uniformly adjustable, the thermal decomposition of limestone is ensured at the temperature of about 1000 ℃, and the local high temperature cannot occur in the kiln chamber; due to the effect of the flue gas guide pipe, the high-temperature forward heating decomposition (airflow downward) and the lower-temperature reverse heating decomposition (airflow upward) of the same kiln chamber are realized, and the technical requirements of high-quality lime with high activity and low overburning rate for calcining lime are practically ensured; the arrangement of the upper cooling air and the lower cooling air and the ingenious arrangement effectively guarantee the stability of the lime discharge temperature, the arrangement of the upper cooling air has a good regulation and control effect on the temperature and the flow of upward transmitted flue gas, and the arrangement of the upper cooling air also has an auxiliary regulation and control effect on a kiln chamber flow field structure. Therefore, the invention can effectively improve the activity of the burnt lime and effectively reduce the over-burning rate of lime products, can control the combustion process on the basis of improving the utilization rate of coal gas, has particularly obvious energy-saving and environment-friendly technical effects, particularly realizes the airflow flow field structure of forward and reverse calcination of a single kiln chamber through a flue gas transmission pipeline, effectively saves the kiln chamber structure and an operation control system (relative to a double-chamber kiln), and realizes double reduction of initial investment and Yuxi cost. Because the lime kiln with the structure has stable and ingenious structural design, excellent performance, easy control, high efficiency and energy conservation, has remarkable technical advantages and wide development and application prospects compared with the traditional double-chamber lime kiln and the traditional cylindrical lime shaft kiln.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all technical solutions substantially identical to the present invention by using equivalent and equivalent means belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow comprises a lime kiln cylinder body (1) formed by building refractory materials in a cylindrical steel shell, a feeding and flue gas gathering section (2) is arranged at the center of the upper opening of the lime kiln cylinder body (1), and a kiln hearth cooling section (5) which is connected into a whole is arranged at the lower bottom of the lime kiln cylinder body (1), and is characterized in that the feeding and flue gas gathering section (2) is formed by a feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body (2-1) and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe (2-5), a limestone storage conical opening (2-2) is arranged in the upper top of the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body (2-1), a stone adjusting conical rod (2-3) is arranged at the center of the limestone storage conical opening, and a limestone distribution conical ring (2-4) is arranged at the lower part of the feeding and flue gas gathering section wall body (2-1), a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe (2-5) communicated with a central cavity of the wall body is horizontally arranged in the middle of the wall body (2-1) of the feeding and flue gas collecting section; the lime kiln comprises a lime kiln cylinder (1), wherein a kiln chamber preheating section (3) is formed in a kiln chamber preheating section wall body (3-1) at the upper part of the lime kiln cylinder (1), a kiln chamber calcining section (4) is formed in a kiln chamber calcining section wall body (4-1) at the lower part of the lime kiln cylinder (1), the lime kiln cylinder (1) is formed by concentrically connecting the kiln chamber preheating section wall body (3-1) and the kiln chamber calcining section wall body (4-1) from top to bottom, a coaxial flow guide flue gas distribution loop (3-2) is arranged in the lower part of the kiln chamber preheating section wall body (3-1), a plurality of rows of flue gas outlet openings (3-3) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged in the flow guide flue gas distribution loop (3-2) and communicated with the kiln chamber preheating section (3), and flow guide flue gas (3-4) communicated with the flow guide flue gas inlet pipe distribution loop (3-2) is arranged on the outer side of the flow guide flue gas distribution loop (3-2), the diversion flue gas inlet pipe (3-4) is communicated with a diversion flue gas transmission pipe (4-14) downwards in a turning way, and a kiln chamber preheating section wall body (3-1) is concentrically supported on a kiln chamber calcining section wall body (4-1) at the lower part to form an integral structure; a concentric diversion flue gas collection loop (4-2) is arranged at the lower part of a wall body (4-1) of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, a plurality of rows of flue gas suction ports (4-3) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged at the inner side of the loop and are used for communicating with the calcining section (4) of the kiln chamber, a diversion flue gas outlet pipe (4-4) is arranged at the outer side of the diversion flue gas collection loop (4-2) and is communicated with the diversion flue gas outlet pipe, and the diversion flue gas outlet pipe (4-4) is bent and upwards communicated with a diversion flue gas transmission pipe (4-14); a coaxial premixed combustion loop (4-12) is arranged in the middle of a wall body (4-1) of a kiln chamber calcining section, uniformly distributed premixed combustion chamber partition walls (4-13) are arranged in the premixed combustion loop (4-12), the inside of the premixed combustion loop (4-12) is equally divided into a plurality of independent premixed combustion chambers (4-12-1) along the circumferential direction, a plurality of rows of combustion gas flow ejection ports (4-11) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the premixed combustion chamber (4-12-1) and communicated with the inside of the kiln chamber calcining section (4), and a communicated rotational flow premixed gas channel (4-7) is arranged on the outer side of the premixed combustion chamber (4-12-1); the cyclone premixed gas channel (4-7) is a circular variable-section pipeline, extends out of the wall body (4-1) of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, the end part is closed, the concentric periphery of a gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is hermetically inserted into the cyclone premixed gas channel (4-7), an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) and the inner wall of the cyclone premixed gas channel (4-7), an air inlet pipe (4-6) communicated with the gap is vertically arranged on the side wall of the cyclone premixed gas channel (4-7) extending out of the wall body (4-1) of the calcining section of the kiln chamber, the upper surface and the lower surface of the minimum part of the flow section of the cyclone premixed gas channel (4-7) are respectively connected with an upper backflow flue gas guide pipe (4-9) and a lower backflow flue gas guide pipe (4-8), the upper end of the upper backflow flue gas guide pipe (4-9) is communicated with the bottom of a flow guide flue gas distribution ring channel (3-2), the lower end of the lower return flue gas guide pipe (4-9) is communicated with the top of the diversion flue gas collection loop (4-2); the wall body (4-1) of the calcining section of the kiln chamber is connected with the upper part of the wall body (5-1) of the cooling section of the kiln chamber below the calcining section of the kiln chamber into a whole and is supported on a bearing ring (5-8) of the wall body of the kiln chamber; the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) is characterized in that a horizontal coaxial cooling air distribution ring pipe (5-3) is arranged outside the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1), a plurality of upper cooling air ejection pipes (5-5) and a plurality of lower cooling air ejection pipes (5-4) are respectively and uniformly led out from the upper side and the lower side of the ring pipe in the circumferential direction and are respectively and vertically connected into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) in a turning mode, a cooling air inlet pipe (5-2) is connected and communicated with the outer side of the cooling air distribution ring pipe (5-3) in an access mode, the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) of the kiln chamber cooling section (5) is of a gradually shrinking structure, a quick lime discharging distribution cone (5-6) is arranged in the center of the bottom of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1), and an annular gap is formed between the quick lime discharging port (5-7).
2. The vertical kiln for calcining lime in both forward and reverse directions by using the flue gas reflux premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, wherein the lime kiln barrel (1) is made of refractory materials formed by welding heat-resistant steel plates into a barrel shape and building the barrel shape inside the lime kiln barrel, and the loading and flue gas collection section wall (2-1) and the kiln chamber cooling section wall (5-1) are formed by spraying a wear-resistant spraying layer in a heat-resistant steel shell.
3. The vertical kiln for calcining lime in a forward and reverse direction by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the charging and flue gas gathering section wall body (2-1) is provided with an inverted cone-shaped limestone storage cone opening (2-2), the limestone storage cone opening (2-2) is fixed on a steel shell of the charging and flue gas gathering section wall body (2-1), the center of the limestone storage cone opening is provided with a stone adjusting and controlling cone rod (2-3), the stone adjusting and controlling cone rod (2-3) is formed by connecting an upper circular pull rod and a lower triangular cone together, moves up and down, and moves upwards to close a lower outlet of the limestone storage cone opening (2-2).
4. The vertical kiln for calcining lime in a forward and reverse direction by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, wherein the limestone distribution conical ring (2-4) is a conical ring structure with a triangular cross section made of heat-resistant steel, and is fixed at the bottom of a steel cylinder of the wall body (2-1) of the loading and flue gas collection section by a triangular rib plate along the circumferential direction, and wear-resistant spray paint is sprayed on the part of the conical ring contacting with limestone.
5. The vertical kiln with the flue gas recirculation and premixed combustion airflow for the forward and reverse calcination of lime according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide flue gas distribution loop (3-2) is annular with a rectangular cross section, a plurality of rows of flue gas outlets (3-3) with a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed rectangular cross sections are arranged inside the flow guide flue gas distribution loop and gradually expand in the height direction, the flow guide flue gas collection loop (4-2) is annular with a rectangular cross section or a polygonal cross section, a plurality of rows of flue gas inlets (4-3) with a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed rectangular cross sections are arranged inside the flow guide flue gas distribution loop and gradually expand in the height direction.
6. The cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, wherein the diversion flue gas transmission pipes (4-14) and the diversion flue gas outlet pipes (4-4) and the diversion flue gas inlet pipes (3-4) communicated with the diversion flue gas transmission pipes form an integral diversion flue gas pipeline, a heat preservation spraying layer is sprayed on the inner surface of the pipeline, the heat preservation spraying layer is uniformly and circumferentially welded on a kiln chamber steel shell, and the pipeline is provided with an adjusting valve for adjusting the flow of flue gas.
7. The vertical kiln for calcining lime in a forward and reverse direction by returning premixed combustion airflow with flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the premixed combustion chamber (4-12-1) is a structure in which an annular passage with a rectangular cross section is partitioned by a partition wall (4-13) of the premixed combustion chamber, a plurality of rows of combustion airflow ejection ports (4-11) with rectangular cross sections are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the premixed combustion chamber, and the plurality of rows of combustion airflow ejection ports are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the pipe mouth shape is gradually enlarged in the height direction.
8. The cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in a forward and reverse direction by flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational flow premixed gas passage (4-7) is a circular passage with a circular variable cross section and is built by refractory materials, the part extending out of a steel shell of a calcining section wall body (4-1) of a kiln chamber is of a structure with built refractory materials in a heat-resistant steel cylinder, a gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is vertically inserted into the calcining section wall body (4-1) of the kiln chamber, the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is made of heat-resistant steel pipes and is of a gradually shrinking structure from outside to inside, and an air inlet pipe (4-6) is formed by heat-resistant steel pipes and is vertically and eccentrically connected into an annular gap between the rotational flow premixed gas passage (4-7) and the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5).
9. The vertical cylinder kiln for calcining lime in the forward and reverse directions by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, wherein an upper backflow flue gas guide pipe (4-9) and a lower backflow flue gas guide pipe (4-8) are respectively connected from top to bottom and communicated with the minimum flowing section of the rotational flow premixed gas channel (4-7), and a rectangular section guide pipe built by refractory materials is arranged in a wall body (4-1) of a calcining section of a kiln chamber.
10. The vertical kiln for calcining lime in a forward and reverse direction by flue gas recirculation and premixed combustion airflow according to claim 1, wherein the cooling air distribution circular pipe (5-3), the upper cooling air ejection pipe (5-5) and the cooling air ejection pipe (5-4) are all pipes made of steel pipes, each pipe is provided with an airflow regulating valve, and after the upper cooling air ejection pipe (5-5) and the cooling air ejection pipe (5-4) are respectively bent, the upper cooling air ejection pipe and the cooling air ejection pipe are welded together with a steel shell of the wall body (5-1) of the cooling section of the kiln chamber and extend into the wall body (5-1) of the cooling section of the kiln chamber to form a structure communicated with the cooling section (5) of the kiln chamber.
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| CN202210700783.9A CN114956612B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow |
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| CN202210700783.9A CN114956612B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow |
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| CN113372024A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-09-10 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Double-hearth kiln for calcining lime by using low-calorific-value fuel and calcining method |
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| DE2364650A1 (en) * | 1973-12-24 | 1975-06-26 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | METHOD FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF CORNY AND / OR LITTLE MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR FOR BURNING LIME, DOLOMITE, MAGNESITE OR THE SAME AND MANHOLE FURNACES FOR PERFORMING THE PROCESS |
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