CN114956612B - Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow - Google Patents
Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN114956612B CN114956612B CN202210700783.9A CN202210700783A CN114956612B CN 114956612 B CN114956612 B CN 114956612B CN 202210700783 A CN202210700783 A CN 202210700783A CN 114956612 B CN114956612 B CN 114956612B
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 101100399296 Mus musculus Lime1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/12—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling in shaft or vertical furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/40—Production or processing of lime, e.g. limestone regeneration of lime in pulp and sugar mills
Abstract
The invention relates to a cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions, which can effectively solve the problems that the flue gas backflow is hot and the combustion flue gas is used for forward and reverse heating and decomposing of limestone. Air gas is premixed and combusted in a brick structure, limestone is calcined in a kiln chamber, and the problems that the combustion temperature of premixed air limestone cannot be controlled, and kiln formation and high Wen Guoshao caused by high-temperature calcination are avoided; the flue gas collected from the lower part directly enters the lower part of the preheating section of the kiln chamber at the upper part from the lower part of the calcining section of the kiln body through a flue gas transmission pipe, the forward calcining at the lower part is combined with the reverse calcining at the upper part in the calcining chamber of the kiln chamber, and the flowing state of the flue gas in the kiln chamber is regulated and controlled through the flue gas transmission pipe; the high-temperature backflow flue gas can be premixed and combusted in a controllable manner, the temperature of premixed and combusted air gas and the uniformity of temperature distribution in a kiln chamber are controlled, and the lime kiln performance is improved; the upper and lower cooling wind is utilized to reduce the temperature of the burnt lime and the diversion flue gas, control the combustion temperature, reduce the exhaust gas temperature and improve the thermal efficiency of the lime kiln.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lime calcining kiln, in particular to a cylindrical shaft kiln which can realize that one smoke backflow premixed combustion air flow is in a forward and reverse direction lime calcining process in one vertical kiln tube under the premise of premixed combustion of gas fuel, wherein the combustion air flow and the lime are in the same direction to enable the lime to be heated and decomposed (forward calcining) and the hot smoke and the lime are in reverse motion to enable the lime to be heated and decomposed (reverse calcining).
Background
In the field of industrial application, the calcination (thermal decomposition) of limestone into quicklime by using heat generated by fuel combustion is a common industrial process, and a lime kiln is a thermal equipment for completing the process. Due to different kiln types, such as different kiln structures, different fuel and combustion modes, different performance indexes of burnt lime, and the like, different lime kiln types are generally selected according to the application of lime, required productivity, use environment, energy supply, investment state, environmental protection requirement, and the like. At present, the most used lime kilns can be divided into shaft kilns, rotary kilns, double-chamber kilns and sleeve kilns according to structural characteristics, and fuels according to combustion can be divided into a mixed-combustion lime kiln (solid fuel) and a gas-combustion lime kiln (gas fuel). With the increasing strictness of environmental protection requirements, the mixed-burning lime kiln becomes an obsolete object, and the gas-burning lime kiln gradually becomes a main stream kiln type of lime calcination.
In fact, calcination of limestone (soft calcination) is most suitably achieved by high temperature flue gas flow with proper heating intensity and proper temperature during decomposition of limestone, rather than by having it achieve heating calcination during combustion, and more not achieving calcination with high intensity heating (hard calcination). The lime stone particles are heated in the lime kiln chamber by flowing high-temperature flue gas to gradually reach proper temperature to decompose, form calcium oxide and release carbon dioxide. Practice shows that the flue gas temperature for heating the limestone is controlled between 900 ℃ and 1000 ℃ to complete the thermal decomposition reaction, and good limestone calcining effect, such as high calcium oxide component (low overgrowth rate), good lime activity (soft burning) and the like, can be obtained. In fact, it is not an easy matter to do this sufficiently in the kiln chamber, especially in the kiln type construction of the various lime kilns described above, which is difficult to achieve in the manner in which the fluid flow, combustion and heat transfer are established. Therefore, based on the limestone thermal decomposition mechanism, starting from the principles of burning, flowing and heat transfer of lime kiln fluid, the search for a new kiln type structure becomes the main direction of lime kiln technology innovation. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing the structural characteristics and operation practice of the lime kiln, a cylindrical shaft kiln capable of realizing air-gas premixed combustion, realizing smoke reflux temperature control and enabling combustion smoke to heat and decompose limestone in the forward direction (the limestone movement direction is consistent with the airflow flow direction) and in the reverse direction (the limestone movement direction is opposite to the airflow flow direction) is provided, and the method is an approach for effectively overcoming the defects of the prior art, but no disclosure report is found up to the present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and aims to provide a cylindrical shaft kiln for burning lime by backflow of flue gas and premixing of combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions, which can effectively solve the problems that the flue gas is backflow to the temperature and the combustion flue gas heats and decomposes limestone in the forward direction (the limestone movement direction is consistent with the air flow direction) and in the reverse direction (the limestone movement direction is opposite to the air flow direction).
The invention solves the technical scheme that the cylindrical shaft kiln comprises a lime kiln cylinder body formed by building refractory materials in a cylindrical steel shell, wherein a feeding and flue gas collecting section is arranged in the center of an upper opening part of the lime kiln cylinder body, a kiln chamber cooling section which is connected into a whole is arranged at the lower bottom of the lime kiln cylinder body, the feeding and flue gas collecting section consists of a feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe, a limestone storage cone opening is arranged in the upper top part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body, a stone regulation cone rod is arranged in the center of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body, a limestone distribution cone ring is arranged at the lower part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body, and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe which is communicated with a wall body central cavity is horizontally arranged in the middle part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body; the kiln chamber preheating section is formed in a kiln chamber preheating section wall body at the upper part of the lime kiln cylinder body, the kiln chamber calcining section wall body at the lower part of the lime kiln cylinder body is formed by connecting a kiln chamber preheating section wall body and a kiln chamber calcining section wall body together in an up-down concentric manner, a concentric diversion smoke distribution ring is arranged in the lower part of the kiln chamber preheating section wall body, a plurality of rows of circumferentially uniformly distributed smoke outflow openings are arranged at the inner side of the diversion smoke distribution ring and are communicated with the kiln chamber preheating section, a diversion smoke inlet pipe communicated with the diversion smoke distribution ring is arranged at the outer side of the diversion smoke distribution ring, a diversion smoke transmission pipe is downwards communicated with the diversion smoke inlet pipe in a turning manner, and the kiln chamber preheating section wall body is concentrically supported on the kiln chamber calcining section wall body at the lower part to form an integral structure; a concentric guide smoke collecting ring is arranged in the lower part of the wall body of the kiln chamber calcining section, a plurality of rows of circumferentially uniformly distributed smoke suction inlets are arranged on the inner side of the ring and used for communicating the kiln chamber calcining section, a guide smoke outlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the guide smoke collecting ring and communicated with the kiln chamber calcining section, and the guide smoke outlet pipe turns upwards and is communicated with a guide smoke transmission pipe; a coaxial premixed combustion loop is arranged in the middle of the wall body of the kiln chamber calcining section, uniformly distributed premixed combustion chamber partition walls are arranged in the premixed combustion loop, the premixed combustion loop is circumferentially and equally divided into a plurality of independent premixed combustion chambers, a plurality of rows of combustion air flow ejection outlets uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the premixed combustion chambers and are communicated with the kiln chamber calcining section, and communicated swirl premixed air channels are arranged on the outer sides of the premixed combustion chambers; the swirl premixed gas channel is a circular variable-section pipeline, extends out of the wall body of the kiln chamber calcining section, is closed in end, the concentric periphery of the gas inlet nozzle pipe is inserted into the swirl premixed gas channel in a sealing manner, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the gas inlet nozzle pipe and the inner wall of the swirl premixed gas channel, an air inlet pipe communicated with the gap is vertically arranged on the side wall of the swirl premixed gas channel extending out of the wall body of the kiln chamber calcining section, an upper backflow flue gas duct and a lower backflow flue gas duct which are communicated are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the minimum flow section of the swirl premixed gas channel, the upper end of the upper backflow flue gas duct is communicated with the bottom of the diversion flue gas distribution loop, and the lower end of the lower backflow flue gas duct is communicated with the top of the diversion flue gas collection loop; the kiln chamber calcining section wall body is connected with the upper part of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body below the kiln chamber calcining section wall body into a whole and is supported on the kiln chamber wall body supporting ring; the kiln chamber cooling section wall body is provided with a horizontal coaxial cooling air distribution circular pipe, a plurality of upper cooling air spraying pipes and a plurality of lower cooling air spraying pipes are respectively and circumferentially and uniformly led out from top to bottom of the circular pipe, the upper cooling air spraying pipes and the lower cooling air spraying pipes are respectively and vertically connected into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body in a turning mode, the cooling air inlet pipes are connected into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body from the outer side of the cooling air distribution circular pipe in a communicating mode, the kiln chamber cooling section wall body is of a gradually contracted structure, the center of the bottom of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body is provided with a quicklime discharging distribution cone, and an annular gap between the quicklime discharging cone and the kiln chamber cooling section wall body is formed.
The design conception of the lime kiln structure mainly aims at: 1) The burner structure is improved, so that the air gas is premixed and combusted in a specific brick structure (ceramic burner), and then the calcination process of limestone is completed in a kiln chamber, thereby avoiding the problem that the temperature cannot be controlled due to the combustion in the premixed air limestone (in a porous body), and further the high temperature calcination causes kiln formation and high Wen Guoshao, and the hidden danger of reducing the quality of calcined lime is formed; 2) The defect that the cylindrical shaft kiln can only simply calcine lime reversely is overcome, the flue gas is directly transmitted from the lower part of the kiln body calcination section to the lower part of the upper kiln chamber preheating section through the flue gas transmission pipe which is circumferentially arranged by the lower part, a limestone section calcination mode combining forward calcination of the lower part and reverse calcination of the upper part is formed in the kiln chamber calcination chamber, the flow state of the flue gas in the kiln chamber can be regulated and controlled almost automatically through the arrangement structure and the flow state of the flue gas transmission pipe, and the best operation mode of lime is searched or realized; 3) The adjustable premixed combustion mixed with the high-temperature backflow flue gas is realized through the drainage flue gas, the temperature of premixed combustion of the air gas and the uniformity of temperature distribution in a kiln chamber are better controlled, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection of the lime kiln are effectively realized on the basis of improving the performance of the lime kiln; 4) The arrangement of the upper cooling air and the lower cooling air can effectively reduce the temperature of the burnt lime and the temperature of the diversion flue gas by utilizing the reasonable arrangement of the upper cooling air and the lower cooling air, is finally beneficial to controlling the combustion temperature, reducing the exhaust gas temperature and improving the thermal efficiency of the lime kiln, and simultaneously increases the adjustable performance and the controllable performance of the lime kiln in the calcination process. In a word, due to the adoption of the technical measures, the cylindrical shaft kiln of the structure effectively realizes the air-gas premixed combustion of high-temperature flue gas reflux temperature control and the limestone thermal decomposition of combination of lower-temperature countercurrent calcination and higher-temperature concurrent calcination in a single kiln chamber; due to the arrangement of the external flue gas transmission pipeline, the on-demand control of the kiln chamber airflow field and the automatic regulation and control of the kiln chamber temperature are realized, the overall air quantity is reduced, the thermal efficiency of the lime kiln is improved, and the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas are effectively controlled (the environment-friendly requirement of ultra-low emission can be met).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a smoke distribution portion of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a smoke converging portion of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a flue gas cooling chamber of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the specific structure and embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in the forward and reverse directions by using a flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow, which is shown in fig. 1-5, and comprises a lime kiln cylinder body 1 formed by building refractory materials in a cylindrical steel shell, wherein a feeding and flue gas collecting section 2 is arranged in the center of the upper opening part of the lime kiln cylinder body 1, a kiln chamber cooling section 5 which is connected with the lower bottom of the lime kiln cylinder body 1 into a whole is arranged at the lower bottom of the lime kiln cylinder body 1, the feeding and flue gas collecting section 2 consists of a feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1 and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe 2-5, a limestone storage cone opening 2-2 is arranged in the upper top of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1, a stone regulating cone rod 2-3 is arranged in the middle of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1, and a limestone distribution cone ring 2-4 is arranged at the lower part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1, and the middle part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body is horizontally provided with a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe 2-5 communicated with a cavity in the center of the wall body. The kiln chamber preheating section 3 is formed in a kiln chamber preheating section wall 3-1 at the upper part of the lime kiln cylinder 1, the kiln chamber calcining section 4-1 at the lower part of the lime kiln cylinder 1 is formed by connecting a kiln chamber preheating section wall 3-1 and a kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1 together in an up-down concentric manner, a concentric diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2 is arranged in the lower part of the kiln chamber preheating section wall 3-1, a plurality of rows of flue gas outflow openings 3-3 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged at the inner side of the diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2 and are communicated with the kiln chamber preheating section 3, a diversion flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 communicated with the diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2 is arranged at the outer side of the diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2, the diversion flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 is turned down and is communicated with a diversion flue gas transmission pipe 4-14, and the kiln chamber section wall 3-1 is concentrically supported on the kiln chamber preheating section wall 4-1 at the lower part to form an integral structure; a concentric guide smoke collection loop 4-2 is arranged in the lower part of the kiln chamber calcining section wall body 4-1, a plurality of rows of circumferentially uniformly distributed smoke suction inlets 4-3 are arranged on the inner side of the loop and used for communicating the kiln chamber calcining section 4, a guide smoke extraction pipe 4-4 is arranged on the outer side of the guide smoke collection loop 4-2 and communicated with the kiln chamber calcining section, and the guide smoke extraction pipe 4-4 is turned upwards to be communicated with a guide smoke transmission pipe 4-14; a coaxial premixed combustion loop 4-12 is arranged in the middle of a wall body 4-1 of the kiln chamber calcining section, uniformly distributed premixed combustion chamber partition walls 4-13 are arranged in the premixed combustion loop 4-12, the premixed combustion loop 4-12 is circumferentially and equally divided into a plurality of independent premixed combustion chambers 4-12-1, a plurality of rows of combustion air flow ejection ports 4-11 which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed are arranged on the inner side of the premixed combustion chamber 4-12-1 and are communicated with the inside of the kiln chamber calcining section 4, and a communicated swirl premixed air channel 4-7 is arranged on the outer side of the premixed combustion chamber 4-12-1; the swirl premixed gas channel 4-7 is a circular variable-section pipeline, extends out of the kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1, the end part is closed, the concentric periphery of the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 is inserted into the swirl premixed gas channel 4-7 in a sealing way, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 and the inner wall of the swirl premixed gas channel 4-7, an air inlet pipe 4-6 communicated with the gap is vertically arranged on the side wall of the swirl premixed gas channel 4-7 extending out of the kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1, an upper reflux flue gas guide pipe 4-9 and a lower reflux flue gas guide pipe 4-8 which are communicated are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the minimum flow section of the swirl premixed gas channel 4-7, the upper end of the upper reflux flue gas guide pipe 4-9 is connected to the bottom of the diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2, and the lower end of the lower reflux flue gas guide pipe 4-9 is connected to the top of the diversion flue gas collection loop 4-2; the kiln chamber calcining section wall body 4-1 is connected with the upper part of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1 below the kiln chamber calcining section wall body into a whole and is supported on the kiln chamber wall body supporting ring 5-8; a plurality of upper cooling air spraying pipes 5-5 and a plurality of lower cooling air spraying pipes 5-4 are respectively and circumferentially and uniformly led out from the outside of a kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1, and are respectively and vertically connected into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1 in a turning way, a cooling air inlet pipe 5-2 is connected into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-3 from the outside of the cooling air spraying pipes 5-3 in a communicating way, the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1 of the kiln chamber cooling section 5 is in a gradually contracted structure, a quicklime discharging distribution cone 5-6 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body 5-1, and an annular gap between the quicklime discharging cone and the kiln chamber cooling section wall body forms a quicklime discharging port 5-7.
The lime kiln cylinder 1 is formed by welding heat-resistant steel plates to form a cylinder and internally building refractory materials, the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall 2-1 and the kiln chamber cooling section wall 5-1 are formed by spraying a wear-resistant spraying layer 9 in a heat-resistant steel shell (the refractory materials can be different refractory materials according to different kilns).
In the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1, an inverted cone-shaped limestone storage cone opening 2-2 is arranged on the upper portion of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body, the limestone storage cone opening 2-2 is fixed on a steel shell of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1, a stone regulation cone rod 2-3 is arranged in the middle of the limestone storage cone opening 2-1, the stone regulation cone rod 2-3 is formed by connecting a round pull rod on the upper portion with a triangular cone on the lower portion, and the limestone storage cone opening 2-2 is moved up and down to close a lower outlet.
The limestone cloth conical ring 2-4 is of a conical ring structure with a triangular section made of heat-resistant steel, is fixed at the bottom of a steel cylinder of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body 2-1 along the circumferential direction by using triangular rib plates, and is sprayed with wear-resistant spray paint at the contact positions with the limestone.
The flow guiding smoke distributing ring 3-2 is in a ring shape with a rectangular section, a plurality of rows of smoke outflow openings 3-3 with rectangular sections which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the flow guiding smoke distributing ring, the flow guiding smoke collecting ring 4-2 is in a ring shape with a rectangular section or a polygonal section, a plurality of rows of smoke suction openings 4-3 with rectangular sections which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the flow guiding smoke collecting ring, and the pipe openings in the height direction are gradually enlarged.
The guide smoke transmission pipe 4-14, the guide smoke eduction pipe 4-4 and the guide smoke inlet pipe 3-4 are communicated with the guide smoke transmission pipe, an integral guide smoke pipeline is formed, a heat preservation spraying layer is sprayed on the inner surface of the pipeline, the inner surface of the pipeline is uniformly and circumferentially welded on a kiln hearth steel shell, and an adjusting valve is arranged on the pipeline to adjust the smoke flow (not labeled in the figure).
The premixed combustion chamber 4-12-1 is a premixed combustion loop 4-12 with a rectangular section, and is formed by uniformly dividing premixed combustion chamber partition walls 4-13, wherein a plurality of rows of combustion air flow ejection ports 4-11 with rectangular sections are uniformly distributed circumferentially on the inner side of the premixed combustion chamber, and a pipe orifice-shaped structure is gradually enlarged in the height direction (see figure 3).
The swirl premixed gas channel 4-7 is a circular channel with a circular variable cross section, is built by refractory materials, the part extending to the outside of the steel shell of the kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1 is of a structure of building refractory materials in a heat-resistant steel cylinder, the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 is vertically inserted into the kiln chamber calcining section wall 4-1, the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 is made of heat-resistant steel pipes and is of a gradually shrinking structure from outside to inside, the air inlet pipe 4-6 is formed by the heat-resistant steel pipes, and the air inlet pipe 4-6 is vertically and eccentrically connected into an annular gap between the swirl premixed gas channel 4-7 and the gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5.
The minimum flow section of the cyclone premixed gas channel 4-7 is provided with an upper backflow flue gas duct 4-9 and a lower backflow flue gas duct 4-8 which are respectively connected from top to bottom and communicated with the upper backflow flue gas duct and the lower backflow flue gas duct, and a rectangular section flow guide pipe formed by building refractory materials is arranged in the wall body 4-1 of the kiln chamber calcining section.
The cooling air distribution circular pipe 5-3, the upper cooling air discharge pipe 5-5 and the cooling air discharge pipe 5-4 are all pipes made of steel pipes, each pipe is provided with an air flow regulating valve (not shown in the figure and known in the prior art), and after the upper cooling air discharge pipe 5-5 and the cooling air discharge pipe 5-4 are respectively turned, the upper cooling air discharge pipe and the cooling air discharge pipe are welded together with the steel shell of the kiln chamber cooling section wall 5-1 and extend into the kiln chamber cooling section wall 5-1 to form a structure communicated with the kiln chamber cooling section 5.
When the invention is used, limestone is firstly filled in a vertical kiln chamber, coal gas and combustion air are respectively connected into the vertical kiln chamber from a coal gas inlet nozzle pipe 4-5 and an air inlet pipe 4-6, after a rotational flow premixed gas channel 4-7 forms rotational flow premixed gas flow, the rotational flow premixed gas channel is used for mixing the backflow flue gas sucked from an upper backflow flue gas duct 4-9 and a lower backflow flue gas duct, and then the mixture enters a rotational flow premixed combustion chamber 4-12, after the premixed combustion process is finished, the mixture enters a kiln chamber calcining section 4 through a combustion gas jet port 4-11, penetrates through a limestone accumulation layer of the combustion chamber and flows upwards and downwards at the same time, and the limestone flowing downwards at the same time is heated to reach a thermal decomposition state, and gradually releases carbon dioxide to be converted into porous calcium oxide (called quicklime); the upward combustion air flow and the downward limestone complete the early thermal decomposition process (reverse calcination) of the limestone in the lime kiln calcination section, then the downward combustion air flow and the downward limestone continue to complete the later thermal decomposition process (forward calcination), and finally the limestone is completely calcined into quicklime; at this time, the flue gas with higher temperature after calcination immediately enters a diversion flue gas collecting loop 4-2 through a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed flue gas inlets 4-3, then enters a diversion flue gas transmission pipe 4-14 and a diversion flue gas inlet pipe 3-4 through a diversion flue gas eduction pipe 4-4 and enters a diversion flue gas distribution loop 3-2, then enters a kiln chamber preheating section 3 through a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed flue gas outflow ports 3-3, merges with flue gas from the kiln chamber calcination section and flows upwards, and simultaneously fully exchanges heat with limestone moving downwards entering the kiln chamber preheating section, gradually drops along with the heat transfer temperature with the limestone, enters a feeding and flue gas collecting section 2 and flows out through a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe 2-5; after the limestone is calcined, the limestone enters the kiln chamber cooling section 5 downwards and is cooled by heat released by the combined action of up and down cooling wind, and is discharged from the quicklime discharge port 5-7; meanwhile, after the cooling air ascends and is converged with the downward hot flue gas, the cooling air enters the flue gas suction inlet 4-3 together, and enters the kiln chamber preheating section 3 in the same path.
According to the implementation process, the temperature in the lime kiln chamber is effectively controlled by the arrangement of the structure of the premix combustion chamber outside the kiln chamber and the premix combustion mode with uniform and adjustable circumference, so that the limestone is ensured to be thermally decomposed at the temperature of up to and below 1000 ℃, and the local high temperature cannot occur in the kiln chamber; the flue gas guide pipe achieves high-temperature forward heating decomposition (downward airflow) and lower-temperature reverse heating decomposition (upward airflow) of the same kiln chamber, so that the technical requirements of high activity and low overgrowth rate of high-quality lime of calcined lime are practically ensured; the arrangement and ingenious arrangement of the upper cooling air and the lower cooling air effectively ensure the stability of the lime discharge temperature, and the upper adjustment cooling air has excellent regulation and control effects on the temperature and the flow of upward transmission smoke and also plays an auxiliary regulation and control role on the structure of the kiln chamber flow field. Therefore, the invention can effectively improve the activity of the burnt lime and effectively reduce the overfiring rate of lime products, can realize control of the combustion process on the basis of improving the utilization rate of gas, has particularly obvious technical effects of energy conservation and environmental protection, particularly has a single kiln chamber for realizing a flow field structure of airflow in a forward and reverse direction calcination through a flue gas transmission pipeline, effectively saves the kiln chamber structure and an operation control system (compared with a double-chamber kiln), and realizes double reduction of initial investment and cloud stream cost. The lime kiln with the structure has the advantages of stable and ingenious structural design, excellent performance, easy control, high efficiency and energy conservation, and has remarkable technical advantages and wide development and application prospects compared with the traditional double-chamber lime kiln and cylindrical lime shaft kiln.
It should be noted that the foregoing examples are provided for illustrating the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all technical solutions which are made by the equivalent means and are substantially the same as the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions comprises a lime kiln cylinder body (1) formed by building refractory materials in a cylindrical steel shell, wherein a feeding and flue gas collecting section (2) is arranged at the center of an upper opening part of the lime kiln cylinder body (1), a kiln chamber cooling section (5) which is connected with the lime kiln cylinder body into a whole is arranged at the lower bottom of the lime kiln cylinder body (1), and the cylindrical shaft kiln is characterized in that the feeding and flue gas collecting section (2) consists of a feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body (2-1) and a lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe (2-5), a limestone storage cone opening (2-2) is arranged in the upper top part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body (2-1), a stone regulating cone rod (2-3) is arranged at the center, and a distribution cone ring (2-4) is arranged at the lower part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body (2-1), and the middle part of the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body (2-1) is horizontally provided with the lime kiln flue gas outlet pipe (2-5) which is communicated with a central cavity; the kiln chamber preheating section wall (3-1) at the upper part of the lime kiln cylinder (1) is internally provided with a kiln chamber preheating section (3), the kiln chamber calcining section wall (4-1) at the lower part is internally provided with a kiln chamber calcining section (4), the lime kiln cylinder (1) is formed by connecting the kiln chamber preheating section wall (3-1) and the kiln chamber calcining section wall (4-1) together in an up-down concentric manner, the lower part of the kiln chamber preheating section wall (3-1) is internally provided with a concentric flow guide flue gas distribution ring channel (3-2), the flow guide flue gas distribution ring channel (3-2) is in a ring shape with a rectangular section, a plurality of rows of flue gas outflow ports (3-3) with rectangular sections uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged at the inner side of the flow guide flue gas distribution ring channel, the flow guide flue gas collection ring channel (4-2) is in a rectangular section or a ring shape with a polygonal section, the inner side is provided with a plurality of rows of flue gas suction ports (4-3) with rectangular sections uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the flow guide flue gas distribution ring channel (3-2) is arranged at the inner side of the kiln chamber preheating section wall (3-1) and is communicated with the flow guide flue gas distribution ring channel (3-3) at the outer side of the flow guide ring channel (3-3), the diversion flue gas inlet pipe (3-4) is turned and downwards communicated with the diversion flue gas transmission pipe (4-14), and the kiln chamber preheating section wall (3-1) is concentrically supported on the kiln chamber calcining section wall (4-1) at the lower part to form an integrated structure; a concentric guide smoke collecting ring (4-2) is arranged in the lower part of a kiln chamber calcining section wall body (4-1), a plurality of rows of circumferentially uniformly distributed smoke suction inlets (4-3) are arranged on the inner side of the ring and used for communicating the kiln chamber calcining section (4), a guide smoke outlet pipe (4-4) is arranged on the outer side of the guide smoke collecting ring (4-2) and communicated with the kiln chamber calcining section wall body, and the guide smoke outlet pipe (4-4) is turned upwards to be communicated with a guide smoke transmission pipe (4-14); a coaxial premixed combustion loop (4-12) is arranged in the middle of a wall body (4-1) of a kiln chamber calcining section, a premixed combustion chamber partition wall (4-13) which is uniformly distributed in the premixed combustion loop (4-12) is arranged in the premixed combustion loop, a plurality of independent premixed combustion chambers (4-12-1) are uniformly distributed in the premixed combustion loop (4-12) along the circumferential direction, the premixed combustion chambers (4-12-1) are rectangular-section premixed combustion loops (4-12) which are uniformly separated by the premixed combustion chamber partition wall (4-13), a plurality of rows of combustion air flow ejection ports (4-11) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the premixed combustion loops, a pipe orifice-shaped structure is gradually enlarged in the height direction, a plurality of rows of combustion air flow ejection ports (4-11) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the premixed combustion chambers (4-12-1) and are communicated with the inside of the kiln chamber calcining section (4), and a swirl flow passage (4-7) which is communicated with the outer side of the premixed combustion chambers (4-12-1) is arranged; the swirl premixed gas channel (4-7) is a circular variable-section pipeline, the end part of the swirl premixed gas channel extends out of the kiln chamber calcining section wall (4-1), the end part of the swirl premixed gas channel is closed, the concentric periphery of the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is inserted into the swirl premixed gas channel (4-7) in a sealing way, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) and the inner wall of the swirl premixed gas channel (4-7), an air inlet pipe (4-6) communicated with the gap is vertically arranged on the side wall of the swirl premixed gas channel (4-7) extending out of the kiln chamber calcining section wall (4-1), an upper reflux flue gas guide pipe (4-9) and a lower reflux flue gas guide pipe (4-8) are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the minimum flow section of the swirl premixed gas channel (4-7), the upper end of the upper reflux flue gas guide pipe (4-9) is connected to the bottom of the flow guide flue gas distribution ring (3-2), and the lower end of the lower reflux flue gas guide pipe (4-2) is connected to the top of the flow flue gas collection ring (4-2); the kiln chamber calcining section wall body (4-1) is connected with the upper part of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) below the kiln chamber calcining section wall body into a whole and is supported on the kiln chamber wall body supporting ring (5-8); a horizontal coaxial cooling air distribution annular pipe (5-3) is arranged outside a kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1), a plurality of upper cooling air spraying pipes (5-5) and a plurality of lower cooling air spraying pipes (5-4) are respectively and circumferentially and uniformly led out from the upper part and the lower part of the annular pipe, the upper cooling air spraying pipes and the lower cooling air spraying pipes are respectively and vertically connected into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1), a cooling air inlet pipe (5-2) is connected and communicated with the outer side of the cooling air distribution annular pipe (5-3), the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) of the kiln chamber cooling section (5) is in a gradually contracted structure, a quicklime discharging distribution cone (5-6) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1), and an annular gap between the kiln chamber cooling section wall body and the kiln chamber cooling section wall body is formed into a quicklime discharging port (5-7).
2. The cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions according to claim 1, wherein the lime kiln cylinder body (1) is formed by welding a heat-resistant steel plate into a cylinder shape and internally building the cylinder shape to form a refractory material, and the feeding and flue gas collecting section wall body (2-1) and the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) are formed by spraying a wear-resistant spraying layer in a heat-resistant steel shell.
3. The cylindrical shaft kiln for forward and backward calcination of lime by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow according to claim 1, wherein an inverted cone-shaped limestone storage cone opening (2-2) is arranged on the upper portion of the cylindrical shaft kiln, the limestone storage cone opening (2-2) is fixed on a steel shell of the feeding and flue gas collection section wall (2-1), a stone regulation cone rod (2-3) is arranged in the center of the cylindrical shaft kiln, the stone regulation cone rod (2-3) is formed by connecting a circular pull rod on the upper portion with a triangular cone on the lower portion, and the circular pull rod moves up and down to upwards seal a lower outlet of the limestone storage cone opening (2-2).
4. The cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions according to claim 1, wherein the limestone distribution conical ring (2-4) is of a conical ring structure with a triangular section made of heat-resistant steel, is circumferentially fixed at the bottom of a steel cylinder of a feeding and flue gas collecting section wall (2-1) by using a triangular rib plate, and is sprayed with wear-resistant spray paint at the contact part of the limestone distribution conical ring and the steel cylinder.
5. The cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions according to claim 1, wherein the diversion flue gas transmission pipe (4-14), the diversion flue gas lead-out pipe (4-4) and the diversion flue gas inlet pipe (3-4) which are communicated with the diversion flue gas transmission pipe form an integral diversion flue gas pipeline, the inner surface of the pipeline is sprayed with a heat preservation spray coating, the heat preservation spray coating is uniformly distributed and welded on a kiln hearth steel shell in the circumferential direction, and an adjusting valve is arranged on the pipeline to adjust the flue gas flow.
6. The cylindrical shaft kiln for the forward and reverse lime calcination of the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow according to claim 1, wherein the swirl premixed air channel (4-7) is a circular channel with a circular variable cross section, the circular channel is built by refractory materials, the part extending to the outside of a steel shell of a kiln chamber calcination section wall (4-1) is a structure of building refractory materials in a heat-resistant steel cylinder, a gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is vertically inserted into the kiln chamber calcination section wall (4-1), the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is made of heat-resistant steel pipes and is in a gradually shrinking structure from outside to inside, the air inlet pipe (4-6) is formed by the heat-resistant steel pipes, and the circular gap between the swirl premixed air channel (4-7) and the gas inlet nozzle pipe (4-5) is vertically and eccentrically connected.
7. The cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions according to claim 1, wherein an upper backflow flue gas duct (4-9) and a lower backflow flue gas duct (4-8) are respectively connected from top to bottom and communicated with the smallest flow section of the cyclone premixed air channel (4-7), and a rectangular-section honeycomb duct formed by building refractory materials is arranged in a wall body (4-1) of a kiln chamber calcination section.
8. The cylindrical shaft kiln for lime calcination by using the flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow in the forward and reverse directions according to claim 1, wherein the cooling air distribution circular pipe (5-3), the upper cooling air spraying pipe (5-5) and the cooling air spraying pipe (5-4) are all pipes made of steel pipes, each pipe is provided with an air flow regulating valve, and after being respectively turned, the upper cooling air spraying pipe (5-5) and the cooling air spraying pipe (5-4) are welded together with a steel shell of a kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) and extend into the kiln chamber cooling section wall body (5-1) to form a structure communicated with the kiln chamber cooling section (5).
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| CN202210700783.9A CN114956612B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow |
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| CN202210700783.9A CN114956612B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Cylindrical shaft kiln for calcining lime in forward and reverse directions by using flue gas backflow premixed combustion air flow |
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| CN113372024A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-09-10 | 石家庄新华能源环保科技股份有限公司 | Double-hearth kiln for calcining lime by using low-calorific-value fuel and calcining method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE2364650A1 (en) * | 1973-12-24 | 1975-06-26 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | METHOD FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF CORNY AND / OR LITTLE MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR FOR BURNING LIME, DOLOMITE, MAGNESITE OR THE SAME AND MANHOLE FURNACES FOR PERFORMING THE PROCESS |
| DE2705710A1 (en) * | 1977-02-11 | 1978-08-17 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | COUNTER-CURRENT COMBUSTION PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LIQUID |
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