A kind of telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the high-temperature calcination production technical field of materials such as lime, magnesium metal, and definite saying so relates to a kind of vertical type calcining kiln.
Background technology
Along with the development of metallurgical industry, improving constantly of calcining technology and technology makes China have higher requirement to the quality of slag former-lime main in magnesium metal, the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION.Existing calcining kiln mainly contains earth kiln, rotary kiln and shaft kiln.Earth kiln production efficiency is low, pollution is big, and the lime impurity content of its production is big, active low, and its product is mainly used in building field, and use at present has been under an embargo; And the rotary kiln device volume is bigger, and floor space is bigger, and it is higher to consume energy.Shaft kiln is claimed shaft furnace again, and the eighties in last century, shaft kiln is little with its floor space, power consumption is low and can use the characteristics of fuel of lower heating value to be used widely in China.Shaft kiln is divided into traditional shaft kiln and sleeve kiln again; The tradition shaft kiln is because the calcining zone volume is bigger; Thereby to the requirement for restriction of the granularity of raw material higher (being limited in 70~150 mm scopes), being above standard to influence the gas permeability in the kiln, causes the inside and outside temperature of calcining zone unbalanced; Burning occurs or give birth to and burn phenomenon, make its unstable product quality.
If existing sleeve kiln owner is by the Beckenbach kiln of German Ka Er Beckenbach in utility model; This Beckenbach kiln is introduced China the nineties; The kiln body of this kiln is processed two concentric cylindrical shells by steel plate and shaped steel weldering, and the outside of inner sleeve and outer sleeve liner are built by laying bricks or stones with basic brick, high-alumina brick and clay brick respectively.Inner core divides upper and lower two independent sectors, and top is last inner core, and the bottom is following inner core.Inner core forms the cylindrical steel plate case by double-decker up and down, and the chuck between the two-layered steel plates is sent into air and cooled off continuously to prevent its high temperature deformation.Inner core and urceolus arranged concentric form an annular space, and lime stone is just calcined in this annular region.The lime that adopts this Beckenbach kiln sleeve kiln to produce has porosity height, big, the active high characteristics of surface area; But all there is the comparatively shortcoming of difficulty of complex structure, manufacturing cost height and installation and maintenance in existing sleeve kiln; Make that the business capital input of this sleeve kiln of use is bigger; And this sleeve kiln need use many typhoons machine respectively its inner core to be cooled off, the spraying cycle air is provided for burning and extracts waste gas in the kiln out, makes that the flow and the pressure of the interior gas of this sleeve kiln are bigger; It is had relatively high expectations to the requirement of material and workman's operation; Heat exhaustion is higher, causes its production cost higher relatively, and applying of sleeve kiln caused obstacle.
Chinese patent open file CN101195520A discloses a kind of vertical continuous calcination lime burner; It comprises columnar kiln body; The top of kiln body is provided with closes the wind feed arrangement, and the top of kiln intracoelomic cavity is provided with distribution device, and the furnace chamber of distribution device below is provided with preheating zone, calcining zone and cooling zone successively; The discharging opening below of cooling zone is provided with continuous drawing mechanism; The top of kiln body also is provided with exhaust opening, also is axially arranged with the hot blast air-out passage that extends to the preheating zone at the middle part of kiln intracoelomic cavity, and this hot blast air-out passage is separated into tubular structure with the furnace chamber in the kiln body; Radially offer some inlet and outlets on the conduit wall of hot blast air-out passage, and be equipped with the radially bocca of flame on the kiln body sidewall of calcining zone being positioned at.This vertical continuous calcination lime burner is greatly simplified with respect to the structure of Beckenbach sleeve kiln, but this vertical continuous calcination lime burner can only the bigger block stone material of machining shape volume, and for volume less powdery or graininess stone material; Then can't calcine; Otherwise the powdery stone material can get into the hot blast air-out passage by the inlet and outlet from hot blast air-out passage owing to the influence of the combustion-gas flow that sprays in the bocca, causes the waste of big content of starting materials, and; In the lime burning process; If the excessive whereabouts of causing vapour lock to stop raw material easily of the combustion-gas flow that sprays in the bocca can't produce the limekiln continuously, reduce the production efficiency in limekiln; Can cause near the living burning of the part material of hot blast access way outer wall if the air-flow of torch firing is less, influence product quality.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is: a kind of telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace that can be used for calcining the stone material raw material of different sizes or shape is provided.
The technical scheme of the telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace of the utility model is: a kind of telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace; Comprise the kiln body; The bottom of kiln body is provided with air inlet; The top of kiln body is provided with exhaust opening; Be arranged with annular furnace chamber through suit inner barrel and outer cylinder body together in the kiln body, the top of annular furnace chamber, bottom are arranged with charging aperture and discharging opening, and this annular furnace chamber is provided with preheating zone, calcining zone and cooling zone from top to bottom successively; Offer the passage of annular furnace chamber of some connections and inner barrel inner chamber on the barrel of inner barrel; Also be covered with a tubular furnace shell in said outer cylinder body periphery, be arranged with peripheral airway between the internal face of this tubular furnace shell and the outside wall surface of outer cylinder body, be laid with the passage that is communicated with annular furnace chamber and peripheral airway on the barrel of outer cylinder body; In said inner barrel inner chamber and peripheral airway along the kiln axon to alternate be laid staggeredly to be useful on order about air-flow in the kiln body and pass the radially partition-type structures that annular furnace chamber alternately gets into inner barrel inner chamber and peripheral airway, turns back and rise, be equipped with on the kiln shell above said calcining zone with annular furnace chamber in the dusty fuel feeding device that is communicated with of calcining zone.
Bottom at said furnace shell also offers air inlet, and described radially partition-type structures mainly is located at the peripheral airway bottom by middle part, the said cooling zone of correspondence radial loop and radially is located at the 5th dividing plate that radial loop is located in the peripheral airway in the middle part of radially separated the 4th dividing plate and the corresponding said preheating zone of being located in the inner barrel inner chamber in the 3rd dividing plate in the peripheral airway, corresponding said preheating zone and calcining zone junction and forms at a distance from being located at the second partition in the inner barrel inner chamber, corresponding said calcining zone middle part radial loop near first dividing plate at air inlet place, corresponding said cooling zone and calcining zone junction.
Top at said inner barrel inner chamber also is provided with heat exchanger; Heat exchanger is mainly by the air collecting chamber on top and some the composition along the axially extended heat exchanger tube of kiln body that is inserted into the air collecting chamber bottom; Each heat exchanger tube installs and is fixed on said the 4th dividing plate, on air collecting chamber, is provided with the air inlet pipe that is communicated with ambient atmosphere.
The barrel of described inside and outside cylindrical shell mainly by the refractory brick with through hole successively bond constitute, the through hole on each refractory brick is tilted to respectively to being arranged in the corresponding outer aperture extension of peripheral airway or inner barrel inner chamber by the inner orifice that is arranged in annular furnace chamber.
Described each refractory brick be arranged on the internal face of annular furnace chamber respectively along the kiln body radially convex with fin, surround annular with the fin on each refractory brick of one deck, thereby in annular furnace chamber, form the choking coil that axially spaced-apart ring is from top to bottom established.
Discharging opening bottom at said annular furnace chamber also is provided with funnel shaped drawing mechanism.
Said fuel charge device comprises and is installed in the charge pipe that is positioned on the kiln body of calcining zone top, is provided with reinforced auger in the charge pipe, on the furnace shell outer wall on charge pipe top, is equipped with coal bunker, and the bottom of coal bunker is provided with the feed opening that is communicated with charge pipe.
The shaft furnace of the utility model is simple in structure, and it forms three layers of tube-in-tube structure through furnace shell and inside and outside cylindrical shell, adopts autonomous burning of fuel and negative pressure inlet mode; Cancel the torch firing device, reduced the wind speed of air-flow in the kiln body calcining zone, guaranteed the even whereabouts of stone material raw material and fuel; Thereby realized the calcining of powdery or granular minor diameter stone material raw material, avoided the waste of raw material, simultaneously; It utilizes deadweight to realize the discharging of product through continual raw material and the fuel of in annular furnace chamber, adding of fuel charge device that evenly lay on annular furnace chamber charge door and kiln shell top, and it has simplified the operation of kiln on the one hand; Reduce the construction cost of kiln, feeding quantity that on the other hand can be through control fuel is to prevent occurring burning in the calcination process, and control is convenient; Simple to operate, be convenient to product quality is managed, and; It utilizes along the axial alternate radially partition-type structures that is laid staggeredly in peripheral airway and inner barrel inner chamber in the kiln body, makes gas in the kiln body, pass the rising of turning back of annular furnace chamber, and one side can make that fuel obtains enough air-breathings in the calcining; Improve efficiency of combustion, guarantee in the annular furnace chamber uniformity of temperature everywhere, preventing that giving birth to from appearring in the stone material raw material burns phenomenon; The heat that can utilize calcining to produce is on the other hand fully realized raw material and preheating of air synchronously; Heat utilization efficiency is high, thereby has reduced the consumption of fuel, has good energy-saving effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace specific embodiment of the utility model.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace of the utility model is as shown in Figure 1; The kiln body of this shaft furnace is mainly formed with inner barrel 3 with the coaxial outer cylinder body 2 that is made up of refractory material in the furnace shell 1 that is set in by being installed in the tubular furnace shell 1 that is made up of insulation material on the pedestal 14; Inner barrel 3, outer cylinder body 2 and three layers of sleeve kiln structure of furnace shell 1 common formation; Wherein, Inner barrel 3 and outer cylinder body 2 mainly by refractory brick successively bond constitute; The inner chamber of inner barrel 3 forms axially extended hollow pipeline 6; Form axially extended annular furnace chamber 5 between inner barrel 3 and the outer cylinder body 2, between furnace shell 1 and outer cylinder body 2, surround the peripheral airway 4 of axially extended annular, on the barrel of inner barrel 3 and outer cylinder body 2, offer some be used to the be communicated with hollow pipeline 6 of inner barrel and the passages of annular furnace chamber 5 and annular furnace chamber 5 and peripheral airway 4 respectively; In the present embodiment; Each passage is made up of the through hole of offering on the refractory brick, and the through hole on the refractory brick is tilted to respectively to being arranged in peripheral airway 4 or inner barrel hollow pipeline 6 corresponding outer apertures are extended, with the through hole inflow peripheral airway 4 or hollow pipeline 6 of powder raw material from refractory brick that prevents to be fallen by annular furnace chamber 5 top fed mouths by the inner orifice that is arranged in annular furnace chamber 5.Be arranged on the internal face of annular furnace chamber 5 respectively simultaneously and radially convex with fin along the kiln body at each refractory brick; Fin with on each refractory brick of one deck surrounds annular; Thereby in annular furnace chamber 5, form the choking coil that axially spaced-apart ring is from top to bottom established, make in the process that the stone material raw material falls by deadweight the falling speed that the ectonexine of stone material raw material slows down after stopped by choking coil in annular furnace chamber 5; And the stone material feed rate at center is constant; Thereby the stone material raw material is produced mixing effect, and it is balanced more that the stone material raw material is heated in annular furnace chamber, improves the quality of production of stone material.
In the annular furnace chamber 5 from top to bottom successively be provided with preheating zone, calcining zone and cooling zone; Be provided with air inlet 12 in the bottom of furnace shell 1; Top at furnace shell 1 is provided with exhaust opening, and exhaust opening is provided with smoke discharging pipe 18, on the external wall of upper portion of furnace shell 1, also is equipped with the coal bunker 21 that is used to store coal dust; Bottom at coal bunker 21 evenly is laid with some charge pipes 13 around circumference; Each charge pipe 13 passes furnace shell 1 respectively and is communicated with annular furnace chamber 5 with outer cylinder body 2, in each charge pipe 13, is separately installed with reinforced auger (not looking out among the figure), and the bottom of coal bunker 21 is around being evenly distributed in and each charge pipe 13 corresponding feed openings.For guaranteeing that the kiln body can utilize the fresh cold air that is got into by air inlet 12 fully in calcining stone material process, the utility model is laid staggeredly to be useful on along kiln body axial alternate in the hollow pipeline 6 that peripheral airway 4 and inner barrel 3 surround and orders about in the kiln body air-flow and pass that annular furnace chamber alternately gets into inner barrel inner chamber and peripheral airway, the radially partition-type structures of the rising of turning back.In the present embodiment, this radially partition-type structures mainly be located near first in the peripheral airway 4 of this air inlet 12 and radially be located on radial loop in the middle part of the preheating zone of the 4th dividing plate 11 and corresponding annular furnace chamber 5 in inner barrel 3 hollow pipelines 6 and be located at the 5th interior dividing plate 7 of peripheral airway 4 in cooling zone and the calcining zone junction of dividing plate 9, the corresponding annular furnace chamber 5 calcining zone middle part radial loop that is located on the second partition 10 in inner barrel 3 hollow pipelines 6, corresponding annular furnace chamber 5 preheating zone and the calcining zone junction of being located at the 3rd dividing plate 8 in the peripheral airway 4, corresponding annular furnace chamber 5 by middle part, the cooling zone of the annular furnace chamber 5 of correspondence.Top at the hollow pipeline 6 of inner barrel 3 also is provided with heat exchanger; This heat exchanger mainly by the air collecting chamber 17 that is arranged on material distributing cone 19 belows and be inserted into air collecting chamber 17 bottoms along the kiln axon to forming to the some heat exchanger tubes 22 that extend below; Be connected with on the air collecting chamber 17 and pass the air inlet pipe 16 that inside and outside cylindrical shell 2,3 and furnace shell 1 are communicated with ambient atmosphere, the bottom plug-in mounting of each heat exchanger tube 22 is fixed on the 4th dividing plate 11.On the top of inner barrel 3 material distributing cone 19 that cooperates with annular furnace chamber 5 top fed mouths is installed also, makes the annular furnace chamber 5 that enters into that the stone material raw material can be balanced, guarantee that the raw material height everywhere of annular furnace chamber 5 equates.
This shaft furnace is in calcination process; Difform stone material raw material gets into through the charging aperture of material distributing cone 19 from annular furnace chamber 5 tops through the top of feed mechanism from the kiln body; Raw material is at first calcined the hot gas preheating of generation through the preheating zone on annular furnace chamber 5 tops, the raw material after the preheating is gradually down in calcining zone, simultaneously; Start reinforced auger; Coal dust joined in the annular furnace chamber 5 uniformly mix the back with the stone material raw material and realize the calcining to the stone material raw material, the product after the calcining falls gradually, after the discharging opening of annular furnace chamber 5 bottoms is collected through funnel shaped drawing mechanism 15, transfers out.In the production process; The heat that calcining produces rises and forms negative pressure; Fresh cold air is drawn in the kiln body carries out combustion-supporting fuel; Wherein portion of air is inhaled into from the air inlet of furnace shell 1 bottom, and another part air is inhaled into through air collecting chamber 19 and heat exchanger tube 22 through the air inlet pipe 16 on kiln body top.The fresh air that is got into by furnace shell 1 bottom air inlet mouth 12 at first gets in the cooling zone of kiln body bottom; In the cooling zone; Cooperate by first dividing plate 9 in the peripheral airway 4 and the second partition 10 in the hollow pipeline 6; Make fresh air pass annular furnace chamber 5 through the inlet and outlet on the barrel of inside and outside cylindrical shell 2,3 earlier and enter into the hollow pipeline 6 that is arranged in second partition 10 belows; And then pass annular furnace chamber 5 through the inlet and outlet on inside and outside cylindrical shell 2,3 barrels and enter into the peripheral airway 4 between first dividing plate 9 and the 3rd dividing plate 8, the high-temperature materials that fresh air passes for twice in 5 pairs of annular furnace chambers 5 of annular furnace chamber cool off, thereby have improved the cooling effectiveness of high-temperature material; And high-temperature material is when being cooled; It has carried out synchronous preheating to fresh air, and calcining back residual waste heat on material is reused once more, thereby has improved the heat utilization ratio of this shaft furnace.The air that gets in the peripheral airway 4 after the preheating upwards enters into calcining zone; Cooperation through the 3rd dividing plate 8 and the 4th dividing plate 11; Make air after the preheating pass annular furnace chamber 5 through the inlet and outlet on the inside and outside cylindrical shell 2,3 for the third time and enter into the hollow pipeline 6 between second partition 10 and the 4th dividing plate 11; And pass annular furnace chamber 5 once more and enter into peripheral airway 4; Simultaneously, the fresh air that is got into by kiln body top air inlet pipe 16 also is transported in the hollow pipeline 6 between second partition 10 and the 4th dividing plate 11 through air collecting chamber 19 and heat exchanger tube 22, the mixing of in calcining zone, meeting of the air of two strands of different directions; For the coal dust firing in the annular furnace chamber 5 provides combustion-supporting fully; Make the coal dust everywhere in the annular furnace chamber 5 all can be able to abundant burning, thereby can avoid taking place in the annular furnace chamber 5 to give birth to burn phenomenon, simultaneously; Can utilize reinforced auger in the charge pipe 13 to realize joining the control of the coal dust amount in the annular furnace chamber 5, thus prevent stone material raw material in the annular furnace chamber 5 take place to give birth to burn, burn-off phenomenon.Waste gas after burning rises in peripheral airway 4 and gets in the preheating zone;, it passes annular furnace chamber 5 again after being stopped by the 5th dividing plate 7; Thereby the stone material raw material to newly joining in the annular furnace chamber 5 carries out preheating; Improve the burning quality of stone material raw material, the hollow pipeline 6 that remaining tail gas enters into the 4th dividing plate 11 tops after the preheating carries out preheating through 22 pairs of fresh airs through heat exchanger tube 22 of heat exchanger tube, and last tail gas emits through smoke exhaust pipe 18.
The telescopic continuous calcining shaft furnace of the utility model simple in structure only needs once igniting can realize long-term continuous production, operation and convenient management; The kiln body adopts the negative pressure inlet mode, and environmental-protecting performance is higher; And the air-flow wind speed in the kiln body is little, thereby can realize that the scope of application is wide, adaptive capacity is strong to the calcining of the stone material of different sizes and shape; And the heat that can make full use of the calcining generation in process of production carries out synchronous preheating to raw material and air, improves heat utilization efficiency, reduces the consumption of fuel; The fund input of the utility model is little, product quality is high, the production continuity is strong, production efficiency is high, production cost of products is low, and alternative existing calcining kiln is promoted the use of in calcining production fields such as lime, magnesium metal.
The utility model is not limited to the foregoing description; Those skilled in the art be easy to expect other air intake mode according to the description of the foregoing description and be arranged on peripheral airway and the inner barrel hollow pipeline in radially partition-type structures; For example: air inlet can be arranged on inner barrel hollow pipeline bottom, thereby can cancel above-mentioned first dividing plate in the peripheral airway that is arranged at; It can also set up other dividing plate on the basis of the foregoing description, increase the modes such as the number of times of turning back of air-flow, no matter how its structure or shape change, it is all within the protection domain of the utility model.