CN114948149A - Fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force - Google Patents
Fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force Download PDFInfo
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- CN114948149A CN114948149A CN202210533951.XA CN202210533951A CN114948149A CN 114948149 A CN114948149 A CN 114948149A CN 202210533951 A CN202210533951 A CN 202210533951A CN 114948149 A CN114948149 A CN 114948149A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/62—Ring frames, i.e. devices extending around the bones to be positioned
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force, which comprises a deformable quadrilateral structure formed by connecting two arc-shaped fixing brackets and two telescopic rods. When traction reduction is carried out, kirschner wires are respectively driven into broken bones on two sides of a fracture line, an affected limb is placed in the two fixing supports, axial pulling force is applied to the two kirschner wires by using a tool, so that the kirschner wires have tension, and the two kirschner wires are respectively fixed with the two fixing supports. The length of the telescopic rods on any side can be adjusted, so that the lateral angulation deformity of the fractured bone can be corrected; meanwhile, the length of the limbs can be restored by adjusting the lengths of the telescopic rods at the two sides; the rotation deformity of the internal rotation or the external rotation of the fractured bone can be corrected by pressing one end of the far-end fixing bracket downwards to rotate the far-end fixing bracket. And finally, the two telescopic rods are screwed to have axial tension force, so that the postures of the two fixing supports are locked, and the continuous and stable traction force is kept. The patient can carry the traction fixer to move freely and can provide constant traction force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force.
Background
In trauma orthopedics, the principle of acting force and reacting force in mechanics is utilized in the bone traction operation, and the bone traction operation acts on the affected limb through the traction of gravity, so that the tension and retraction of soft tissues at fracture and dislocation are relieved, the fracture or dislocation is reset, and the purpose of treatment is achieved.
In the development of hundreds of years, the orthopedic surgery has been developed in a ground covering manner, and through continuous improvement, the existing traction mechanism mainly utilizes a traction method of combining a traction bow with a metal spicule to pull the ilium, a Kirschner nail is nailed at the end part of a limb and the tension of the ilium is maintained by using a tension traction bow, and the tension traction bow needs to be connected with a balance weight through a pulley device so as to pull the tension traction bow. Thus, in order to maintain the overall stable traction state, the traction frame is fixed on the sickbed, and the connection of the tension traction bow with the balance weight and the pulley device is always ensured.
The pulley device can not move after being fixed, so that the daily activity of a patient is limited, the patient is not favorable for going out for examination, and bed rest for a long time after traction can cause bedsore, respiratory system complications, malnutrition, muscular atrophy, joint stiffness, bone nonunion caused by over traction and the like. In addition, in the traditional traction, the fracture end is pulled by a traction weight to achieve the reduction effect, and under the condition, the fracture end is shifted and angulated possibly because the position of the patient lying in bed is changed, so that the continuous constant traction is difficult to achieve. The ineffective traction to the fracture end stimulates local skin for a long time to cause red swelling, blister and ulceration of the skin, which influences further treatment, prolongs the waiting time of the operation and increases the treatment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force, which is stable in traction reduction and convenient for a patient to get out of bed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fracture reduction fixator having constant distraction force, comprising:
the two fixing supports are of arc structures, the interiors of the two fixing supports are provided with spaces for accommodating affected limbs, the fixing supports are provided with a plurality of through holes along the radian direction of the fixing supports, and two ends of an opening of each fixing support are provided with first fixing pieces for fixing the same Kirschner wire;
the two telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the opening of the fixed support, the length of each telescopic rod is adjustable and can be locked, and the first end of each telescopic rod is fixed with one fixed support while the second end of each telescopic rod is fixed with the other fixed support through a universal joint; and
and the support rod is detachably fixed on any through hole of the fixing support through a second fixing piece, and the second fixing piece can rotate and be locked in the through hole.
A further technical solution is that the first fixing member and/or the second fixing member includes:
the first screw movably penetrates through the fixed bracket;
the fixing cap is fixed at one end of the first screw rod, and an end face of one side, facing the fixing support, of the fixing cap is provided with a concave clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire or the stay bar; and
and the first lock nut is in threaded connection with the first screw rod and is respectively arranged on two sides of the fixed support together with the fixed cap.
The further technical scheme is that a plurality of clamping grooves for fixing the kirschner wires with different specifications are formed in the fixing cap on the first fixing piece.
The technical scheme is that the side face of the clamping groove is a wedge-shaped face, and a plurality of convex anti-slip ridges are arranged on the inner surface of the clamping groove.
A further technical scheme lies in, the telescopic link is including the pipe portion and the screw rod portion that cup joint, the rotatable adjusting nut that is fixed with in the pipe portion, adjusting nut and screw rod portion threaded connection.
A further technical scheme is that the pipe part is provided with an observation hole along the axial direction.
The technical scheme is that scale marks for displaying the length of the telescopic rod are arranged at the edge of the observation hole.
The technical scheme is that two ends of the telescopic rod are detachably fixed with the corresponding fixing supports.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
when the fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force is used for traction reduction, the kirschner wires are respectively driven into broken bones on two sides of a fracture line, the affected limb is placed in the two fixing supports, axial tension is applied to the two kirschner wires by using a tool, so that the kirschner wires have tension, and the two kirschner wires are respectively fixed with the two fixing supports. The length of the telescopic rods on any side can be adjusted, so that the lateral angulation deformity of the fractured bone can be corrected; meanwhile, the length of the limbs can be restored by adjusting the lengths of the telescopic rods at the two sides; the rotation deformity of the internal rotation or the external rotation of the fractured bone can be corrected by pressing one end of the far-end fixing bracket downwards to rotate the far-end fixing bracket. And finally, the two telescopic rods are screwed to have axial tension force, so that the postures of the two fixing supports are locked, and the continuous and stable traction force is kept.
Reduction of the fixator by this traction:
1. the patient can carry the traction fixator to move freely, a series of complications caused by long-term bed rest are avoided, psychological disorders caused by long-term bed rest are avoided, and the joint muscle atrophy can be prevented through movement;
2. the traction fixer can provide constant traction force, so that the reduction of the traction force caused by the change of the body position of a patient in bed and the dragging of heavy objects to the ground in the traditional traction process is avoided, and even no traction force is generated;
3. the continuous and constant traction force provided by the traction fixator can be used for homeopathically resetting the fracture end through soft tissues, muscles and joint capsules, so that the homeopathic resetting of the fracture end can be realized and maintained for a long time, and soft tissue irritation caused by repeatedly adjusting traction is avoided;
4. by adjusting the tractor and the semi-ring type fixed support, the affected limb is lifted, the compression of the soft tissue of the affected limb is avoided, the disturbance to the soft tissue is reduced, the bedsore is effectively avoided, and the occurrence of thrombus is reduced;
5. the semi-ring type tractor design can lead the patient to freely turn over on the sickbed;
6. the arrangement of the supporting rod is convenient for laterally supporting the fixing bracket after rotation and before fixation when the rotary deformity of the fractured bone is corrected in the operation, so that the stability of the posture of the fixing bracket after rotation before the telescopic rod is locked is ensured; on the other hand, when the patient is subjected to fluoroscopy after operation, the affected limb is relatively rotated inwards or outwards through the lateral support of the support rod, and the fixed support is not blocked, so that the patient can be conveniently subjected to fluoroscopy.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fracture reduction fixator of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a first fixation element and/or a second fixation element in the fracture reduction fixation device of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a telescopic rod in the fracture reduction fixator of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the fracture reduction fixator of the present disclosure includes two fixing brackets 1, two telescopic rods 2 and a brace 3, and can be used for reduction of shortening, reduction of lateral angulation and reduction of rotation deformity (pronation or eversion, i.e., the force line does not generate an angle, but only generates rotation) after long bone fracture, and maintain constant traction force after reduction.
The two fixing supports 1 are oppositely arranged, and the fixing supports 1 are of arc-shaped structures, such as semi-circles or U-shaped structures. The fixing support 1 has a space for accommodating the affected limb inside, and in order to increase the comfort of the patient, the bottom inside the fixing support 1 may be covered with a soft cushion. A plurality of through holes 101 are uniformly distributed on the fixed bracket 1 along the radian direction. At both ends of the opening of each fixing bracket 1, there are first fixing pieces 102 for fixing the same kirschner wire.
Two telescopic link 2 bilateral symmetry locate 1 open-ended both sides of fixed bolster for connect two fixed bolsters 1, telescopic link 2's adjustable length can lock, and its first end is fixed with a fixed bolster 1, the second end passes through the universal joint and fixes with another fixed bolster 1. Two telescopic links 2 and two fixed brackets 1 form deformable quadrilateral structure after connecting.
Specifically, the telescopic rod 2 comprises a sleeved pipe part 201 and a screw rod part 202, an adjusting nut 203 is rotatably fixed on the pipe part 201 through a bearing or a retainer ring and the like, the adjusting nut 203 is in threaded connection with the screw rod part 202, and the screw rod part 202 can be driven to extend outwards or retract inwards through forward rotation or backward rotation of the adjusting nut 203, so that the telescopic rod 2 is extended or shortened, and is locked through threaded connection of the adjusting nut 203 and the screw rod part 202.
In order to avoid the screw part 202 from being separated from the tube part 201 when the telescopic rod 2 is adjusted to extend, the tube part 201 is provided with an observation hole 204 along the axial direction, and medical personnel can avoid screwing the screw part 202 out of the tube part 201 by observing the position of the tail end of the screw part 202 in the observation hole 204. In addition, the edge of the observation hole 204 is provided with scale marks for displaying the length of the telescopic rod 2, so that the medical staff can conveniently adjust and operate.
The both ends of telescopic link 2 are fixed with the 1 detachable of fixed bolster that corresponds, have one section connecting screw 205 at the both ends of telescopic link 2, but connecting screw 205 and telescopic link 2's first end snap-on, connecting screw 205 and telescopic link 2's second end pass through the universal joint and be connected fixedly, connecting screw 205 activity passes fixed bolster 1, threaded connection has the second lock mother 206 on the connecting screw 205 of fixed bolster 1 both sides. On one hand, two ends of the telescopic rod 2 can be detached from the fixed support 1, so that the later disinfection treatment is facilitated; on the other hand, the connection screw 205 is arranged so that the length of the telescopic rod 2 between the two fixing brackets 1 can be adjusted through the connection screw 205 to meet the operation requirements of different patients.
The stay bar 3 is detachably fixed on any perforation 101 of the fixed bracket 1 through a second fixing piece 301, and the second fixing piece 301 can rotate and lock in the perforation 101. The support rod 3 is located in the vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, different angles are adjusted through rotation of the second fixing piece 301, the inclination angle of the support rod 3 in the vertical plane can be changed, and the support rod 3 can support the fixing support 1 at a proper angle in an inclined mode.
Setting of the stay bar 3: firstly, when correcting the bone fracture rotation deformity in the operation, the fixing bracket 1 after the rotation and before the fixation is laterally and obliquely supported, so that the stability of the posture of the fixing bracket 1 after the rotation before the telescopic rod 2 is locked is ensured, and the support rod 3 can be detached after the state of the fixator after the telescopic rod 2 is locked is stable; secondly, when the patient is subjected to fluoroscopy after operation, the affected limb is relatively rotated inwards or outwards through the lateral support of the support rod 3, so that the fixed support 1 is not blocked, and the patient can be conveniently subjected to fluoroscopy; thirdly, to the too obese patient of size, when only can't support the affected limb through fixed bolster 1, still oppress on the bed board for avoiding the calf, accessible vaulting pole 3 supports up fixed bolster 1, raises the height of fixed bolster 1.
The first fixing piece 102 and the second fixing piece 301 each include a screw, a fixing cap 5, and a first locking nut 6. The movable fixed bolster 1 that passes of first screw rod 4, locking cap 5 is fixed in the one end of first screw rod 4, locking cap 5 has the draw-in groove 501 that the indent was used for joint kirschner wire or vaulting pole 3 on the terminal surface of a side of fixed bolster 1, and first lock nut 6 threaded connection is on first screw rod 4, arranges the both sides of fixed bolster 1 in with locking cap 5 branch. The kirschner wire or the stay bar 3 is placed in the clamping groove 501, and then the first lock nut 6 is screwed to clamp the kirschner wire or the stay bar 3 between the fixing cap 5 and the fixing support 1, so that the kirschner wire or the stay bar 3 is fixed.
In addition, the side of the clamping groove 501 is a wedge-shaped surface, a plurality of convex anti-slip ribs are arranged on the inner surface of the clamping groove 501, the Kirschner wire or the stay bar 3 is extruded into the clamping groove 501 after the first lock nut 6 is screwed, the size of the bottom of the clamping groove 501 is smaller than the diameter of the Kirschner wire or the stay bar 3, the rotation and the axial displacement of the Kirschner wire or the stay bar 3 can be further limited through the conical section and the anti-slip ribs, and the traction and the resetting are more stable.
During operation, the specification (diameter) of the kirschner wire can be selected according to the patient and the operation condition, so that a plurality of clamping grooves 501 for fixing the kirschner wires with different specifications are formed in the fixing cap 5 on the first fixing piece 102, different operation requirements are met, and the adaptability is wider.
When the fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force is used for traction reduction, the Kirschner wires are respectively driven into broken bones on two sides of a fracture line, the affected limb is placed in the two fixing supports 1, the two Kirschner wires are respectively exerted with axial tension by using a tool, so that the Kirschner wires have tension, and the two Kirschner wires are respectively fixed with the two fixing supports 1. The lateral angulation deformity of the fractured bone can be corrected by adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 2 on any side; meanwhile, the length of the telescopic rods 2 at the two sides is adjusted to recover the length of the limbs; by pressing down one end of the far-end fixing bracket 1 to rotate the far-end fixing bracket, the rotation deformity of the internal rotation or the external rotation of the fractured bone can be corrected. And finally, the two telescopic rods 2 are screwed tightly to have axial tension force, so that the postures of the two fixed brackets 1 are locked, and the continuity and the stability of traction force are kept.
The fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force disclosed by the invention avoids the defects of the conventional traction operation and overcomes a plurality of defects in the conventional traction operation.
The patient can carry the traction fixator to move freely, a series of complications such as bedsore, respiratory system complications, malnutrition, muscular atrophy, ankylosis and the like caused by long-term bed rest are avoided, mental disorder caused by long-term bed rest is avoided, and the muscular atrophy of joints can be prevented through movement.
The traction fixator can provide constant traction force, so that the reduction of the traction force caused by the change of the position of a patient lying in bed and the dragging of a traction heavy object to the ground or even no traction force in the traditional traction process is avoided, and the disconnection of bones is avoided.
The continuous and constant traction force provided by the traction fixator can be used for homeopathic reduction of the fracture end through soft tissues, muscles and joint capsules, so that homeopathic reduction of the fracture end can be realized and maintained for a long time, and soft tissue irritation caused by repeated adjustment and traction is avoided.
Through adjusting the tractor and the semi-ring type fixed support 1, the affected limb is lifted, the oppression of the soft tissue of the affected limb is avoided, the disturbance to the soft tissue is reduced, the bedsore is effectively avoided, and the occurrence of thrombus is reduced.
The semi-ring type tractor design can also lead the patient to freely turn over on the sickbed.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and any simple modifications, variations and equivalents of the invention may be made by anyone in light of the above teachings and fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fracture reduction fixator having constant distraction force, comprising:
the two fixing supports (1) are of arc structures, the interiors of the two fixing supports are provided with spaces for accommodating affected limbs, a plurality of through holes (101) are formed in the fixing supports (1) along the radian direction of the fixing supports, and two ends of an opening of each fixing support (1) are provided with first fixing pieces (102) for fixing the same Kirschner wire;
the two telescopic rods (2) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the opening of the fixed support (1), the length of each telescopic rod (2) is adjustable and can be locked, the first end of each telescopic rod is fixed with one fixed support (1), and the second end of each telescopic rod is fixed with the other fixed support (1) through a universal joint; and
the support rod (3) is detachably fixed on any one through hole (101) of the fixing support (1) through a second fixing piece (301), and the second fixing piece (301) can rotate and be locked in the through hole (101).
2. The fracture reduction fixture of claim 1, wherein the first fixture (102) and/or the second fixture (301) comprises:
the first screw (4) movably penetrates through the fixed support (1);
the fixing cap (5) is fixed at one end of the first screw (4), and an inwards concave clamping groove (501) for clamping the kirschner wire or the stay bar (3) is formed in the end face of one side, facing the fixing support (1), of the fixing cap (5); and
and the first lock nut (6) is in threaded connection with the first screw rod (4) and is respectively arranged on two sides of the fixed support (1) together with the fixed cap (5).
3. The fracture reduction fixator according to claim 2, wherein the fixing cap (5) on the first fixing member (102) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (501) for fixing kirschner wires with different specifications.
4. The fracture reduction fixator according to claim 2, wherein the side surfaces of the clamping grooves (501) are wedge-shaped surfaces, and the inner surfaces of the clamping grooves are provided with a plurality of convex anti-slip ridges.
5. The fracture reduction fixator according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic rod (2) comprises a sleeved tube part (201) and a sleeved screw part (202), an adjusting nut (203) is rotatably fixed on the tube part (201), and the adjusting nut (203) is in threaded connection with the screw part (202).
6. The reduction fixator for fracture according to claim 5, wherein said tube (201) has a viewing hole (204) along its axial direction.
7. The fracture reduction fixator according to claim 6, characterized in that the edge of the observation hole (204) is provided with graduation marks showing the length of the telescopic rod (2).
8. The fracture reduction fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that both ends of the telescopic rod (2) are detachably fixed with the corresponding fixing brackets (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210533951.XA CN114948149A (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210533951.XA CN114948149A (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force |
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| CN114948149A true CN114948149A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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| CN202210533951.XA Pending CN114948149A (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Fracture reduction fixator with constant traction force |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118058814A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-05-24 | 成都市龙泉驿区中医医院 | Adjustable external fixation support for bone fracture rehabilitation |
-
2022
- 2022-05-17 CN CN202210533951.XA patent/CN114948149A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118058814A (en) * | 2024-04-17 | 2024-05-24 | 成都市龙泉驿区中医医院 | Adjustable external fixation support for bone fracture rehabilitation |
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