CN114947158A - 3D printing method for edible gelatin - Google Patents
3D printing method for edible gelatin Download PDFInfo
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- CN114947158A CN114947158A CN202210146550.9A CN202210146550A CN114947158A CN 114947158 A CN114947158 A CN 114947158A CN 202210146550 A CN202210146550 A CN 202210146550A CN 114947158 A CN114947158 A CN 114947158A
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- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000881711 Acipenser sturio Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
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- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P30/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
- A23P30/20—Extruding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/03—Organic compounds
- A23L29/045—Organic compounds containing nitrogen as heteroatom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing method for edible gelatin, which comprises the following steps: feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, printing a sample piece, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move to ensure that the distance between the extrusion nozzle and the forming platform refrigerating plate is the thickness of one layer of the sample piece, jointly driving an X-axis motor and a Y-axis motor, adjusting the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate in real time, controlling and adjusting lines which ensure the extrusion nozzle to deposit uniformly and accurately on the forming platform in real time, the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle are controlled according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize the continuous extrusion of the gelatin slurry, the printing method can realize the instant curing of the fluid slurry, so that the extruded material has higher mechanical property, the quality of the printed product is improved, the problems of extrusion flowing, collapse, discontinuity, extrusion lag and the like of the gelatin are effectively solved, and the elastic product with a complex structure can be printed and molded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing and 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printing method for edible gelatin.
Background
3D printing is an emerging technology promoted by a rapidly developing rapid prototyping technology. The 3D printing of the food can be realized through digital design so as to realize accurate and nutritional personalized diet, and is more and more popular with special crowds such as pregnant women, infants, old people, obese people, diabetes patients, hyperlipidemia patients and the like. The 3D printing technology is utilized to manufacture the food required by different crowds, the raw materials can be prepared according to the nutrient proportion required by the crowds, and reasonable diet can be formulated. Firstly, a planned diet recipe is reasonably formulated according to the needs of the proportion of the nutrients of the population. And processing the raw materials in the recipe to make the recipe suitable for the 3D printing process. Then, the volume of the printed food is calculated according to the mass and energy of the nutrients required by the crowd. And finally, establishing a corresponding three-dimensional model according to the volume, putting the processed raw materials into a food 3D printer, and inputting the established three-dimensional model into the food 3D printer to finally obtain the nutrition customized food required by the crowd, so that the food 3D printing technology has a very wide prospect in the field of food manufacturing.
Thermal extrusion is the mainstream technique that food 3D printed at present, but when 3D printed the extrusion material, generally did not install cooling device additional to the material, or simply blow to the target object with the fan, because the temperature of thermal extrusion material is higher and the temperature in the 3D printer box is mostly higher than room temperature, cause the product of printing to need longer time to cool off solidification moulding, do not possess extrusion pressure closed-loop control in addition, heating temperature control before crowded, extrude quick cooling control and three coupling control ability, so when printing gelatin material, because material mobility and plasticity all receive the temperature influence, the extrusion material appears discontinuity often, trickling, collapse and extrude the circumstances such as laggard, can't realize the three-dimensional forming of complex structure.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to research a 3D printing technology capable of realizing rapidness, uniformity and high quality, so that an edible gelatin system (such as a compound of gelatin, fish paste and meat paste) is deposited, cured and formed by flowing slurry, the mechanical strength of an extruded material is improved, the forming quality of a printed product is improved, and a three-dimensional structure with a more complex shape is manufactured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3D printing method for edible gelatin, aiming at solving the problems that the mechanical strength of an edible gelatin material is extremely low after the edible gelatin material is heated and extruded in the current 3D printing process, a complex structure with strong three-dimensional property cannot be printed, the extruded material flows, collapses, is discontinuous, is extruded after stagnation and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a 3D printing method for edible gelatin, comprising the steps of:
step S1, feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, specifically comprising:
step S11, heating and melting the gelatin material;
s12, placing a clean material tray on the forming platform refrigerating plate;
step S13, after the extrusion nozzle is controlled to move to the upper part of the material tray, the extrusion nozzle (30) is lowered to enable the extrusion nozzle to be in contact with the tray bottom of the material tray;
step S14, lifting the variable pressure piston to expose the charging opening, and charging;
step S15, moving the pressure-changing piston downwards to seal the charging barrel;
step S16, opening a connecting valve of the air pressure sensor, and moving the variable pressure piston to enable the pressure in the charging barrel to return to zero;
s17, controlling the extrusion nozzle to lift upwards and move to a region to be printed to finish the feeding process;
step S2, printing the sample piece by edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, paving a thin glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate and adsorbing the glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate by a small amount of water;
s22, the heating temperature of the nozzle to be extruded, the temperature of a forming chamber in the heat insulation box and the temperature of a forming platform refrigerating plate all reach set values of an upper computer host;
s23, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move, and enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle and the forming platform refrigerating plate to be the thickness of one layer of the sample;
step S24, jointly driving an X-axis motor and a Y-axis motor, and adjusting the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate in real time;
s25, controlling and adjusting in real time to ensure that the extrusion nozzle deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform;
step S26, controlling the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle (30) according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize continuous extrusion of gelatin slurry, bonding with adjacent lines and curing immediately;
step S27, after printing one layer of the sample piece, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move upwards by one layer of thickness, and continuously printing after the control system of the upper computer mainframe detects that the heating and cooling temperature index reaches the standard;
step S3, repeating step S1 and step S2, and finishing printing the whole sample piece;
and step S4, after printing is finished, each motor drives the extrusion nozzle to move to a safe position, printing is finished, and the printing sample piece is taken out through the cellophane.
In the above printing method of the edible gelatin 3D printing apparatus, in a preferred mode, in step S1, the material in the temperature-variable material cylinder is defoamed, and the method specifically includes, after the material feeding is completed, moving the extrusion nozzle to a corner of the forming platform refrigeration plate and controlling the extrusion nozzle to press on the soft silica gel to realize nozzle sealing, and moving the pressure-variable piston to realize internal negative pressure treatment to complete the defoaming operation.
An edible gelatin 3D printing method is applied to edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, specifically comprising:
step S11, heating and melting the gelatin material before printing, and pouring the gelatin material into a beaker;
step S12, controlling the variable-pressure piston to move downwards to the bottom of the charging barrel to discharge air in the variable-temperature charging barrel;
s13, controlling the extrusion nozzle to lift up, enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle and the forming platform refrigerating plate to be larger than the height of the beaker, and placing the beaker filled with the flowing material below the extrusion nozzle;
step S14, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move downwards and submerge the extrusion nozzle in the material;
step S15, the pressure-changing piston is controlled to move upwards while the extrusion nozzle moves downwards, and the extrusion nozzle is kept in an immersed state all the time;
s16, after sufficient feeding, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move upwards to enable the distance between the extrusion nozzle and the forming platform refrigerating plate to be larger than the height of the beaker, and taking out the beaker;
s17, controlling the extrusion nozzle to lift upwards, and controlling the forming platform refrigerating plate to move to a region to be printed below the extrusion nozzle to finish a charging process;
step S2, printing the sample by edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s21, paving a thin glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate and adsorbing the glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate through a small amount of water;
s22, the heating temperature of the nozzle to be extruded, the temperature of a forming chamber in the heat insulation box and the temperature of a forming platform refrigerating plate all reach set values of an upper computer host;
s23, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move, and enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle and the forming platform refrigerating plate to be the thickness of one layer of the sample;
step S24, jointly driving an X-axis motor and a Y-axis motor, and adjusting the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate in real time;
s25, controlling and adjusting in real time to ensure that the extrusion nozzle deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform;
step S26, controlling the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize continuous extrusion of gelatin slurry, bonding with adjacent lines and curing immediately;
step S27, after printing one layer of the sample piece, controlling the extrusion nozzle to move upwards by one layer of thickness, and continuously printing after the control system of the upper computer mainframe detects that the heating and cooling temperature index reaches the standard;
step S3, repeating step S1 and step S2, and finishing printing the whole sample piece;
and step S4, after printing is finished, driving each motor to move the extrusion nozzle to a safe position, finishing printing, and taking out the printing sample piece through the cellophane.
In the above printing method of the edible gelatin 3D printing apparatus, in a preferred mode, in step S1, the material in the temperature-changing material barrel is defoamed, and the specific method is that after the material feeding is completed, the extrusion nozzle is moved to a corner of the forming platform refrigeration plate and is controlled to be pressed on the soft silica gel to realize nozzle sealing, and the pressure-changing piston is moved to realize internal negative pressure treatment to complete the defoaming operation.
The printing method can realize the instant solidification of the fluid slurry, so that the extruded material has higher mechanical performance, the quality of the printed product is improved, the problems of extrusion flowing, collapse, discontinuity, extrusion lag and the like of the gelatin are effectively solved, and the elastic product with a complex structure can be printed and molded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a printing process of the printing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the printing equipment printing step S1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of the printing apparatus printing step S2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a detailed flow chart of another mode of the printing equipment printing step S1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the 3D printing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the 3D printing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a printing area structure of the 3D printing equipment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion unit of the 3D printing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the extrusion unit structure A of the 3D printing equipment.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a 3D printed honeycomb structure of a kraft gelatin body in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of details of a 3D printed kraft gelatin body honeycomb structure in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder of a compound material of 3D-printed sturgeon skin gelatin and sturgeon puree in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the details of the cylindrical structure of the 3D-printed sturgeon skin gelatin and sturgeon puree composite material in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. an insulation box, 2, a forming platform refrigerating plate, 3, a variable temperature charging barrel, 4, an air pressure sensor connecting valve, 5, an air pressure sensor, 6, a Z-axis screw rod, 7, a multi-channel PID controller, 8, a motor driver, 9, a solid state relay, 10, a direct current power supply, 11, a motion controller, 12, a master switch, 13, an emergency stop switch, 14, a forming chamber temperature sensor, 15, a forming chamber wall hanging refrigerating plate, 16, u-axis lead screw, 17, pressure-changing piston, 18, Y-axis lead screw, 19, forming platform refrigerating plate circulating cooling liquid pipeline, 20, refrigerating compressor, 21, X-axis lead screw, 22, refrigerating liquid circulating pump, 23, Z-axis motor, 24, U-axis motor, 25, Y-axis motor, 26, X-axis motor, 27, stainless steel barrel, 28, silica gel heating barrel, 29, heat preservation sleeve, 30, extrusion nozzle, 31 and barrel temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, a control system and a printing method. As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the edible gelatin 3D printing apparatus is a 3D printing apparatus for coupling control of pressure-variable thermal extrusion and low-temperature forming of edible gelatin, and includes a pressure-variable temperature extrusion unit, a numerical control transmission unit, an extrusion refrigeration unit, and a control box.
The extrusion refrigeration unit comprises an insulation box 1, the insulation box 1 is provided with a box door, a forming chamber wall-mounted refrigeration plate 15 is fixedly arranged in the insulation box 1 just opposite to one side of the box door, a forming chamber temperature sensor 14 is arranged on one side in the insulation box 1, a refrigeration compressor 20 is arranged at the bottom in the insulation box 1, the refrigeration compressor 20 is connected with a refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22, the refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22 is arranged at the bottom in the insulation box 1, a first supporting plate is fixedly arranged on the refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22, a numerical control transmission unit is arranged on the first supporting plate, the insulation box 1 is a visual insulation box, and the influence of the experimental environment on the temperature of the forming chamber can be reduced while the visualization of the printing process can be realized.
As shown in fig. 5, the numerical control transmission unit includes an X-axis motor 26, an X-axis lead screw 21 is fixedly mounted at a rotating end of the X-axis motor 26, the other end of the X-axis lead screw 21 is rotatably connected to a first bearing block through a bearing, the first bearing block is mounted on a first support plate, an X-axis nut capable of moving along the X-axis lead screw 21 is mounted on the X-axis lead screw 21, a second support plate is fixedly mounted on the X-axis nut, two X-axis guide columns are symmetrically mounted on two sides of the X-axis lead screw 21, each X-axis guide column is fixed on the first support plate through two support seats, a guide column support block is slidably connected to each X-axis guide column, and the guide columns are fixed on a lower plane of the second support plate.
A Y-axis motor 25 is fixedly arranged on one side of a second supporting plate close to a door of the heat insulation box 1, a Y-axis screw 18 is fixedly arranged on the rotating end of the Y-axis motor 25, the Y-axis screw 18 is vertical to an X-axis screw 12 in the horizontal direction, the other end of the Y-axis screw 18 is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat through a bearing, a second bearing seat is arranged on the second supporting plate, a Y-axis screw nut capable of moving along the Y-axis screw 18 is arranged on the Y-axis screw 18, a forming platform refrigerating plate 2 is fixedly arranged on the Y-axis screw nut, two Y-axis guide columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the Y-axis screw 18, each Y-axis guide column is respectively fixed on the second supporting plate through two supporting seats, a guide column supporting block is slidably connected on each Y-axis guide column, the guide column supporting block is fixed on the lower plane of the forming platform refrigerating plate 2, a forming platform temperature sensor is arranged in the forming platform refrigerating plate 2, and a cooling pipe is arranged on one side of the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 and is connected with a refrigerating fluid circulating pump 22 through a forming platform refrigerating plate circulating cooling fluid pipeline 19.
A conveying groove is vertically arranged on one side, opposite to a box door of the heat insulation box 1, of the first supporting plate, a guide rail is vertically arranged in the conveying groove, a sliding block is connected onto the guide rail in a sliding mode, a U-axis motor 24 is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, a U-axis lead screw 16 penetrates through the U-axis motor 24, two ends of the U-axis lead screw 16 are fixed to the upper end and the lower end of the conveying groove, a Z-axis connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the U-axis motor 24, and a variable-pressure variable-temperature extrusion unit is arranged on the upper plane of the free end of the Z-axis connecting frame.
As shown in fig. 7, the variable-pressure variable-temperature extrusion unit comprises a support frame, the support frame is installed on the upper plane of the free end of the Z-axis connecting frame, the variable-temperature material cylinder 3 is installed on the lower plane of the free end of the connecting frame, a through hole is formed in the upper end of the support frame, a Z-axis motor 23 is installed on the support frame, a Z-axis lead screw 6 penetrates through the Z-axis connecting frame in the Z-axis motor 23, a variable-pressure piston 17 penetrates through the other end of the Z-axis lead screw 6, the variable-pressure piston 17 is arranged in the variable-temperature material cylinder 3, an air pressure sensor connecting valve 4 is installed on a piston rod of the variable-pressure piston 17, the air pressure sensor connecting valve 4 is connected with an air pressure sensor 5 through a conduit, and the air pressure sensor 5 is installed on one side of the support frame.
As shown in fig. 8, the variable temperature material barrel 3 includes a stainless steel material barrel 27, a silica gel heating barrel 28 is sleeved outside the stainless steel material barrel 27, a heat insulation sleeve 29 is sleeved outside the silica gel heating barrel 28, a lower plane of the heat insulation sleeve 29 is screwed with an extrusion nozzle 30, the other end of the extrusion nozzle 30 is arranged in the stainless steel material barrel 27 in a penetrating manner, a material barrel temperature sensor 31 is arranged on the heat insulation sleeve 29, and a temperature measuring end of the material barrel temperature sensor 31 penetrates through the heat insulation sleeve 29 and is connected with the silica gel heating barrel 28 outside the stainless steel material barrel 27.
As shown in fig. 5, the control box is installed at the top end of the heat insulation box, the main switch 12, the emergency stop switch 13 and the multi-channel PID controller 7 are installed at the front side of the control box, the direct current power supply 10 is installed in the control box and connected with the solid state relay 9, and the solid state relay 9 is respectively connected with the multi-channel PID controller 7, the motor driver 8 and the motion controller 11.
As shown in fig. 5, the forming platform cooling plate 2 is internally provided with a close-packed water channel and adopts a circulating cooling liquid cooling mode.
The U-axis motor 24 and the Z-axis motor 23 are precision screw through motors.
As shown in fig. 9, the piston rod of the variable pressure piston 17 is a hollow structure, and the air pressure sensor connection valve 4 is connected to the hollow structure.
The control system of the edible gelatin 3D printing equipment is a 3D printing control system for coupling control of variable pressure hot extrusion and low temperature forming of edible gelatin, and comprises a PID heating control unit, a PID pressure control unit, a PID refrigeration control unit, a 3D printing track motion and coupling control unit and an upper computer;
PID heating control unit includes the PID temperature controller, solid state relay 9, use the silica gel heating section of thick bamboo 28 of 220V alternating current, feed cylinder temperature sensor 31, the PID temperature controller sets up in multichannel PID controller 7, the PID temperature controller passes through 485 buses and host computer both way junction and real-time communication with host computer, the PID temperature controller passes through 485 buses and is connected with feed cylinder temperature sensor 31, and read the temperature analog signal of temperature sensor feedback, transmit to host computer, the PID temperature controller passes through 485 buses and is connected with solid state relay, solid state relay 9 is connected with silica gel heating section of thick bamboo 28, the host computer transmits digital signal for the PID temperature controller, the switching on and off of PID temperature controller through solid state relay 9 control silica gel heating section of thick bamboo 28 according to the temperature value of setting for.
The PID pressure control unit comprises a PID pressure controller, a motor driver 8, a motion controller 11 and an air pressure sensor 5, the PID pressure controller is arranged in a multi-channel PID controller 7, the PID pressure controller is connected with an upper computer host through a 485 bus in a bidirectional way and communicates in real time, the PID pressure controller is connected with the air pressure sensor 5 through the 485 bus, and receives the pressure analog signal received by the air pressure sensor 5, and then transmits the pressure analog signal to the host computer of the upper computer, the PID pressure controller is connected with the motion controller 11, and transmits digital signals to the motion controller 11 according to the pressure value received by the host computer of the upper computer, the motion controller 11 is connected with the motor driver 8, the motor driver 8 is connected with the Z-axis motor 23, and transmits control digital signals to drive a Z-axis motor 23 to control the movement speed and distance of the variable-pressure piston 17 in the charging barrel;
the PID refrigeration control unit comprises a PID temperature controller, a solid-state relay 9, a refrigeration compressor 20, a forming chamber wall-mounted refrigeration plate 15, a forming platform refrigeration plate 2, a refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22, a forming chamber temperature sensor 14 and a forming platform temperature sensor, wherein the PID temperature controller is arranged in the multichannel PID controller 7, is bidirectionally connected with and communicates with an upper computer host through a 485 bus, is respectively connected with the forming chamber temperature sensor 14 and the forming platform temperature sensor through the 485 bus, receives temperature analog signals fed back by the forming chamber temperature sensor 14 and the forming platform temperature sensor and then transmits the temperature analog signals to the upper computer host, the PID temperature controller is connected with the solid-state relay 9, and the solid-state relay 9 is respectively connected with the refrigeration compressor 20, the forming chamber wall-mounted refrigeration plate 15, the forming platform refrigeration plate 2, The PID temperature controller transmits digital signals to the corresponding solid-state relay 9 according to the temperature value set by the host computer of the upper computer so as to control the work of the refrigeration compressor 20, the wall-hung refrigeration plate 15 of the forming chamber, the forming platform refrigeration plate 2 and the refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22;
the 3D printing track motion and coupling control unit comprises multi-axis continuous interpolation motion control and pressure, heating, refrigerating and XY interpolation motion coupling control, an upper computer host receives pressure analog signals and temperature analog signals fed back by a PID pressure controller and a PID temperature controller, a control program of the upper computer host conducts line-by-line disassembly on motion track data G codes, extrusion motion codes corresponding to the extrusion nozzle 30 during moving are modified according to material flowability, process experiments, cylinder pressure and algorithms, the upper computer host transmits digital signals to the motion controller 11 through the corresponding extrusion motion codes, the motion controller 11 is connected with the motor driver 8, and the motor driver 8 is respectively connected with the X-axis motor 26 and the Y-axis motor 25 and transmits digital control signals.
The motor driver 8 transmits a real-time compensation digital control signal of the extrusion amount to the Z-axis motor 23 according to the digital signal transmitted from the motion controller 11.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the 3D printing method of the edible gelatin 3D printing apparatus, in combination with the apparatus and the control system of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S11, heating and melting the gelatin material;
step S12, a clean material tray is placed on the forming platform refrigerating plate 2;
step S13, after the extrusion nozzle 30 is controlled to move to the upper part of the material tray, the extrusion nozzle 30 is lowered, and the extrusion nozzle 30 is made to contact with the tray bottom of the material tray;
step S14, lifting the variable pressure piston to expose the charging opening, and charging;
step S15, the pressure-changing piston 17 moves down to seal the charging barrel;
step S16, opening the air pressure sensor connecting valve 4, and moving the variable pressure piston to make the pressure in the charging barrel return to zero;
step S17, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to lift upwards and move to the area to be printed, and finishing the feeding process;
step S2, printing the sample by edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
step S21, paving a thin glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 and adsorbing the glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 through a small amount of water;
step S22, the heating temperature of the nozzle 30 to be extruded, the temperature of the molding chamber in the heat insulation box 1 and the temperature of the molding platform refrigerating plate 2 reach the set values of the host computer of the upper computer;
step S23, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to move, and enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle 30 and the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to be the thickness of one layer of the sample;
step S24, jointly driving the X-axis motor 26 and the Y-axis motor 25, and adjusting the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 in real time;
s25, controlling and adjusting in real time to ensure that the extrusion nozzle 30 deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform;
step S26, controlling the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle 30 according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize continuous extrusion of gelatin slurry, bonding with adjacent lines and curing immediately;
step S27, after printing one layer of sample piece, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to move upwards by one layer of thickness height, and the control system of the host computer of the upper computer detects that the heating and cooling temperature index can continue printing after reaching the standard;
step S3, repeating step S1 and step S2, and finishing printing the whole sample piece;
and step S4, after printing is finished, driving each motor to move the extrusion nozzle 30 to a safe position, finishing printing, and taking out the printing sample piece through cellophane.
In step S1, the material in the temperature-variable material cylinder 3 is defoamed by moving the extrusion nozzle 30 to the corner of the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 and controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to press on the soft silica gel to seal the nozzle after the feeding is completed, and moving the variable-pressure piston 17 to perform internal negative pressure treatment to complete the defoaming operation.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, a 3D printing method for edible gelatin is characterized in that an edible gelatin 3D printing device is applied, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, specifically comprising:
step S11, heating and melting the gelatin material before printing, and pouring the gelatin material into a beaker;
step S12, controlling the variable pressure piston 17 to move downwards to the bottom of the charging barrel so as to discharge the air in the variable temperature charging barrel 3;
step S13, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to lift up, enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle 30 and the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to be larger than the height of the beaker, and placing the beaker filled with the flowing material below the extrusion nozzle 30;
step S14, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to move downwards and submerge in the material;
step S15, the pressure-changing piston 17 is controlled to move upwards while the extrusion nozzle 30 moves downwards, and the extrusion nozzle 30 is kept in an immersed state at any time;
step S16, after sufficient feeding, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to move upwards, enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle 30 and the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to be larger than the height of the beaker, and taking out the beaker;
step S17, controlling the extrusion nozzle to lift upwards, and controlling the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to move to a region to be printed below the extrusion nozzle 30 to complete a charging process;
as shown in fig. 3, step S2, the edible gelatin 3D printing apparatus starts printing the sample, which specifically includes the following steps:
step S21, paving a thin glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 and adsorbing the glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 through a small amount of water;
step S22, the heating temperature of the nozzle 30 to be extruded, the temperature of the molding chamber in the heat insulation box 1 and the temperature of the molding platform refrigerating plate 2 reach the set values of the host computer of the upper computer;
step S23, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to move, and enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle 30 and the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to be the thickness of one layer of the sample;
step S24, jointly driving the X-axis motor 26 and the Y-axis motor 25, and adjusting the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 in real time;
s25, controlling and adjusting in real time to ensure that the extrusion nozzle 30 deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform;
step S26, controlling the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle 30 according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize continuous extrusion of gelatin slurry, bonding with adjacent lines and curing immediately;
step S27, after printing one layer of sample piece, controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to move upwards by one layer of thickness height, and the control system of the host computer of the upper computer detects that the heating and cooling temperature index can continue printing after reaching the standard;
step S3, repeating step S1 and step S2, and finishing printing the whole sample piece;
and step S4, after printing is finished, driving each motor to move the extrusion nozzle 30 to a safe position, finishing printing, and taking out the printing sample piece through cellophane.
In step S1, the material in the temperature-variable material cylinder 3 is defoamed by moving the extrusion nozzle 30 to the corner of the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 and controlling the extrusion nozzle 30 to press on the soft silica gel to seal the nozzle after the feeding is completed, and moving the variable-pressure piston 17 to perform internal negative pressure treatment to complete the defoaming operation.
The invention provides a 3D printing method for edible gelatin, which realizes the coupling control of extrusion temperature, extrusion pressure, molding chamber temperature, molding platform temperature and track movement speed in the printing process. Greatly improves the 3D printing feasibility of the edible gelatin material with high moisture content. Through coupling control, the material system can be accurately controlled from a hot flow state to a cold solid state, so that the instant solidification of fluid slurry can be realized, the extruded material has higher mechanical property, the quality of a printed product is improved, the problems of extrusion flowing, collapse, discontinuity, extrusion lag and the like of gelatin are effectively solved, and an elastic product with a complex structure can be printed and molded.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the invention provides a 3D printing device for coupling control of pressure-variable thermal extrusion and low-temperature forming of edible gelatin, wherein the 3D printing device mainly comprises a pressure-variable temperature-variable extrusion unit, a numerical control transmission unit and a refrigeration forming unit.
As shown in fig. 8, the variable-pressure variable-temperature extrusion unit includes a variable-temperature cylinder 3, a variable-pressure piston 17, and an extrusion nozzle 30, wherein the variable-temperature cylinder 3 is a stainless steel cylinder 27 externally coated by a temperature-controlled silica gel heating cylinder 28, and the whole body of the variable-temperature cylinder is coated by a heat-insulating sleeve 29, so that the influence of the heating temperature on the molding chamber can be effectively reduced, the heating effect in the cylinder is improved, the flow characteristic of the material in the cavity is maintained, and the molding quality is favorably ensured; the pressure-variable piston is composed of a piston rod 17 with a central through hole, an air pressure sensor 5 and a Z-axis screw rod 6 driven by a Z-axis motor 23, the Z-axis motor 23 drives the Z-axis screw rod 6 to vertically lift to drive the pressure-variable piston 17 to perform positive pressure and negative pressure operations on materials in the temperature-variable material cylinder 3, the piston rod of the pressure-variable piston 17 is specially made with the through hole and is matched with a corresponding pneumatic adapter, so that the pressure in the temperature-variable material cylinder 3 can be transmitted to the air pressure sensor 5 through the central through hole of the piston rod, data acquisition is realized, and besides accurate control of the pressure in the temperature-variable material cylinder 3, dynamic detection and control can be performed on the pressure in a cavity through a control system, so that extrusion parameters are changed, and the printing quality is improved. In practical application, the mechanism can realize heating, simultaneously, on one hand, the extrusion nozzle 30 can be sealed before forming and the material can be defoamed through negative pressure operation, and on the other hand, the extrusion pressure can be adjusted in real time according to the flowing state of the material in the forming process, so that the problems of discontinuous extrusion and extrusion delay can be solved.
The extrusion nozzle 30 has different discharge caliber specifications according to the characteristics of different materials, the common size specification is 0.8-3mm, the most common size is 1mm, the size can be modified according to actual requirements, and the extrusion nozzle is connected with the stainless steel material cylinder 27 through threads so as to be convenient to replace.
The numerical control transmission unit is a horizontal and vertical module which is assembled on a working platform and consists of a precise lead screw transmission shaft, and specifically comprises an X-axis lead screw 21 and a Y-axis lead screw 18 which are used for moving in the horizontal direction and are mutually perpendicular to each other, an extrusion axis Z-axis lead screw and a U-axis lead screw 16 which moves in the vertical direction, wherein all the lead screw shafts are driven by a motor, the forming platform is fixed on an XY-axis combined sliding block, and the variable-pressure variable-temperature extrusion unit is fixed on a sliding block of the U-axis lead screw 16.
The extrusion refrigeration unit comprises a visual insulation box 1, a forming chamber wall-mounted refrigeration plate 15 and a forming platform refrigeration plate 2. The visual insulation box 1 has the main functions of reducing the influence of the experimental environment on the temperature of the forming chamber while realizing visualization of the printing process, and also can accommodate mechanical equipment and a refrigerating plate of a printer so as to provide a good preservation environment for printing formed parts; because the water content of the edible gelatin slurry is an important index, the wall-mounted refrigeration plate 15 is adopted to refrigerate the forming chamber in the heat preservation box, so that the problem of rapid water loss caused by common blowing refrigeration is avoided while refrigeration is carried out, and the important forming index of the water content of the material is ensured. The low temperature of the forming platform is beneficial to ensuring the initial printing quality, the invention avoids the platform temperature unbalance caused by multiple times of printing, improves the printing efficiency, and adopts circulating cooling liquid refrigeration to refrigerate the forming platform 2 internally provided with a close-packed water channel.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 to 10, the present embodiment provides a 3D printing control system for coupling control of pressure-variable thermal extrusion and low-temperature forming of an edible gelatin substrate, where the 3D printing control system includes a PID heating control unit, a PID pressure control unit, a PID refrigeration control unit, and a 3D printing trajectory motion and coupling control unit.
The PID heating control unit comprises a PID temperature controller, a solid-state relay 9, a 220V alternating-current silica gel heating cylinder 28 and a charging barrel temperature sensor 31 which can be in a 485 communication multichannel PID controller 7, wherein the PID temperature controller can be in real-time communication with an upper computer host, reads a temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor, transmits the temperature signal to the upper computer, and can observe and set through the upper computer. The PID temperature controller controls the power on and off of the silica gel heating cylinder 28 through the solid relay 9 according to a set temperature value, and dynamic heating control of different printing conditions is achieved.
The PID pressure control unit comprises a PID pressure controller, a motor lead screw motion controller 11 and a barometric sensor 4 which can be communicated with the pressure controller 485 in the multichannel PID controller 7, wherein the pressure controller 4 can be communicated with an upper computer host in real time, reads a pressure signal fed back by the barometric sensor 5, transmits the pressure signal to the upper computer, and can observe and set through the upper computer. The PID pressure controller adjusts the motor screw motion controller 11 to control the motion speed and distance of the variable pressure piston 17 in the variable temperature charging barrel 3 according to the set pressure value, so as to realize pressure control.
The PID refrigeration control unit comprises a PID temperature controller in a 485-communication multi-channel PID controller 7, a solid-state relay 9, a refrigeration compressor 20, a wall-mounted refrigeration plate 15 of the forming chamber, a forming chamber temperature sensor 14, a refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22, a forming platform refrigeration plate 2 and a charging barrel temperature sensor 31, wherein the PID temperature controller can be in real-time communication with an upper computer host, reads temperature signals respectively fed back by the forming chamber temperature sensor 14 and the charging barrel temperature sensor 31 and transmits the temperature signals to the upper computer, the temperature signals can be observed and set by the upper computer, the PID temperature controller controls the refrigeration compressor 20 and the refrigeration liquid circulating pump 22 to work through the corresponding solid-state relay 9 according to temperature values set by the forming chamber and the forming platform, and refrigeration control of the forming chamber and the forming platform is achieved.
The 3D printing track motion and coupling control unit comprises multi-axis continuous interpolation motion control and pressure, heating, refrigerating and XY interpolation motion coupling control, the motion track data G codes are disassembled line by line through an upper computer control program based on pressure values and temperature values collected by a PID temperature controller in the multi-channel PID controller 7, corresponding extrusion shaft extrusion motion codes of a machined part during XY axis movement are modified according to material flowability, process experiments, in-cylinder pressure and algorithms, real-time compensation of extrusion amount is achieved through the motion controller 11, material extrusion of the extrusion head before XY axis interpolation motion starts and material closing before XY axis interpolation motion stops can be achieved, adverse effects of other factors on forming are reduced, and forming stability is improved.
Example 3
The implementation provides a 3D printing method for coupling control of edible gelatin substrate variable pressure hot extrusion and low temperature forming, which comprises the following concrete steps,
1. feeding: the feeding mode comprises an upper feeding mode and a lower feeding mode. The feeding mode is that the gelatin material is heated (heated in water bath at 40-50 ℃) to be melted before printing. A clean material tray is placed on the platform, the motion controller controls the extrusion head to move into the material tray, the U-shaft screw 16 descends to an initial position even if the extrusion nozzle is contacted with the tray bottom, then the variable pressure piston 17 is lifted up to expose the feeding port and feed materials, after the feeding is finished, the variable pressure piston 17 moves down the stainless steel material barrel 27, a small amount of liquid overflows from the nozzle, the variable pressure piston 17 is controlled to move to return the pressure to zero, the motion controller 11 controls the U-shaft motor to drive the extrusion nozzle 30 to lift up, the X-shaft screw 21 and the Y-shaft screw 18 control the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to move to a region to be printed below the extrusion nozzle 30 to complete the feeding process, the feeding mode is that the gelatin material is heated and melted before printing and poured into a beaker, the motion controller 11 controls the piston 17 to move down to the bottom of the material barrel 27 to discharge the air in the material barrel 27, then the U-axis motor 24 is controlled to drive and lift up, so that the distance between the extrusion nozzle 30 and the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 is larger than the height of the beaker, and the beaker filled with the flowing material is placed below the extrusion nozzle 30. The motion controller 11 controls the U-axis motor 24 to drive and move downwards, so that the extrusion nozzle 30 is immersed in the material, and controls the U-axis motor 24 to drive and move downwards and to be coupled with the Z-axis lead screw 6 to ascend, so that the nozzle is always immersed until the material pumping is finished. After sufficient feeding, controlling the U-axis motor 24 to drive and lift to enable the height of the nozzle and the forming platform to be larger than the height of the beaker, taking out the flask, completing the feeding process, and optionally carrying out deaeration treatment on the materials in the stainless steel charging barrel 27 according to actual requirements.
2. Printing: spraying a small amount of atomized water on the forming platform, and then laying a piece of thin cellophane so that the cellophane can be adsorbed on the forming platform. After the heating temperature of the extrusion head, the temperature of the forming chamber and the temperature of the forming platform reach set values, the motion control system controls the U-axis motor 24 to drive the extrusion nozzle 30 to move, so that the distance between the extrusion nozzle and the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 is the thickness of a unit layer, the X-axis motor 26 and the Y-axis motor 25 move according to the current layer code, meanwhile, the Z-axis motor 23 adjusts in real time according to pressure feedback to ensure that the extrusion head deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform, and controls the motor drive on the XYZ axis in a closed-loop mode according to the cooling condition of the forming chamber to drive the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 to move, so that gelatin slurry is continuously extruded, is bonded with adjacent lines to be fused, and is cured immediately. After printing of one layer is finished, the U-shaft motor drives and moves upwards by one unit layer thickness height, meanwhile, printing conditions are restrained, and the control system can continue printing after detecting that the heating and cooling temperature index reaches the standard. And repeating the procedures to finish the printing of the whole sample piece.
3. And (4) ending: and after printing is finished, all shaft motors drive the forming platform refrigerating plate 2 and the extrusion nozzle 30 to move to a safe position, printing is finished, and the printing sample piece is taken out through cellophane.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 10 and 11, in order to further verify the feasibility and the benefits of the invention, a cowhide gelatin material is adopted for experimental verification, an upper feeding mode is adopted for printing, 5-10 wt% of gelatin solution is prepared, the diameter of a nozzle is 0.8-2.0mm, the material heating temperature is 40-45 ℃, the temperature of a forming chamber is 4-8 ℃, the temperature of a forming platform is 3-5 ℃, and the printing speed is 5-10mm/s, and the 3D printing equipment, the control system and the printing method are adopted for respectively printing gelatin honeycomb structures with the diameter of 40mm, the height of 12mm and the diameter of 50mm, and the height of 12 mm.
Example five:
as shown in fig. 12 and 13, in order to further verify the feasibility and the benefits of the invention, a compound material of sturgeon skin gelatin and sturgeon mud is used for 3D printing verification in an upper feeding mode, wherein the sturgeon skin gelatin accounts for 5-10 wt% of the water, the fish mud accounts for 60 wt% of the gelatin solution in the compound material, the diameter of a nozzle is 0.4-2.0mm, the material heating temperature is 30-40 ℃, the forming chamber temperature is 4-8 ℃, the forming platform temperature is 3-5 ℃, and the printing speed is 5-10 mm/s.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The 3D printing method of edible gelatin is characterized in that edible gelatin 3D printing equipment is applied, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, specifically comprising:
step S11, heating and melting the gelatin material;
s12, placing a clean material tray on the forming platform refrigerating plate (2);
step S13, after the extrusion nozzle (30) is controlled to move to the position above the material tray, the extrusion nozzle (30) is lowered, and the extrusion nozzle (30) is made to contact with the tray bottom of the material tray;
step S14, lifting the variable pressure piston to expose the charging opening, and charging;
step S15, moving the pressure-changing piston (17) downwards to seal the charging barrel;
step S16, opening the air pressure sensor connecting valve (4), and moving the variable pressure piston to make the pressure in the charging barrel return to zero;
step S17, controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to lift upwards and move to the area to be printed, and finishing the feeding process;
step S2, printing the sample by edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s21, paving a thin glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) and adsorbing the glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) through a small amount of water;
s22, when the heating temperature of the extrusion nozzle (30), the temperature of a forming chamber in the heat insulation box (1) and the temperature of the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) reach the set values of an upper computer host;
s23, controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to move, and enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle (30) and the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) to be the thickness of one layer of the sample;
step S24, jointly driving an X-axis motor (26) and a Y-axis motor (25) to adjust the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) in real time;
s25, controlling and adjusting in real time to ensure that the extrusion nozzle (30) deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform;
step S26, controlling the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle (30) according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize continuous extrusion of gelatin slurry, bonding with adjacent lines and curing in real time;
step S27, after printing of one layer of the sample piece is finished, the extrusion nozzle (30) is controlled to move upwards by one layer of thickness, and the control system of the host computer of the upper computer detects that the heating and cooling temperature index can continue printing after reaching the standard;
step S3, repeating step S1 and step S2, and finishing printing the whole sample piece;
and step S4, after printing is finished, each motor drives the extrusion nozzle (30) to move to a safe position, printing is finished, and the printing sample piece is taken out through the cellophane.
2. The printing method of the edible gelatin 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the material in the temperature-variable cylinder (3) is defoamed by moving the extrusion nozzle (30) to the corner of the forming platform refrigeration plate (2) and controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to press on soft silica gel to realize nozzle sealing after feeding is completed, and the pressure-variable piston (17) moves to realize internal negative pressure treatment to complete defoaming operation.
3. The 3D printing method of edible gelatin is characterized in that edible gelatin 3D printing equipment is applied, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, specifically comprising:
step S11, heating and melting the gelatin material before printing, and pouring the gelatin material into a beaker;
step S12, controlling the variable pressure piston (17) to move downwards to the bottom of the charging barrel so as to discharge the air in the variable temperature charging barrel (3);
s13, controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to lift up, enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle (30) and the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) to be larger than the height of a beaker, and placing the beaker filled with the flowing material below the extrusion nozzle (30);
step S14, controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to move downwards and submerge the extrusion nozzle into the material;
step S15, the pressure-changing piston (17) is controlled to move upwards while the extrusion nozzle (30) moves downwards, and the extrusion nozzle (30) is kept in an immersed state at any time;
s16, after sufficient feeding, controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to move upwards to enable the distance between the extrusion nozzle (30) and the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) to be larger than the height of the beaker, and taking out the beaker;
s17, controlling the extrusion nozzle to lift upwards, and controlling the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) to move to a region to be printed below the extrusion nozzle (30) to complete a feeding process;
step S2, printing the sample by edible gelatin 3D printing equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s21, paving a thin glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) and adsorbing the glass paper on the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) through a small amount of water;
s22, when the heating temperature of the extrusion nozzle (30), the temperature of a forming chamber in the heat preservation box (1) and the temperature of the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) reach the set values of the host computer of the upper computer;
s23, controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to move, and enabling the distance between the extrusion nozzle (30) and the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) to be the thickness of one layer of the sample;
step S24, jointly driving an X-axis motor (26) and a Y-axis motor (25) to adjust the position of the forming platform refrigerating plate (2) in real time;
s25, controlling and adjusting in real time to ensure that the extrusion nozzle (30) deposits uniform and accurate lines on the forming platform;
step S26, controlling the three-dimensional motion platform and the extrusion nozzle (30) according to the refrigeration condition of the forming chamber to realize continuous extrusion of gelatin slurry, bonding with adjacent lines and curing immediately;
step S27, after printing of one layer of the sample piece is finished, the extrusion nozzle (30) is controlled to move upwards by one layer of thickness, and the control system of the host computer of the upper computer detects that the heating and cooling temperature index can continue printing after reaching the standard;
step S3, repeating step S1 and step S2, and finishing printing the whole sample piece;
and step S4, after printing is finished, each motor drives the extrusion nozzle (30) to move to a safe position, printing is finished, and the printing sample piece is taken out through the cellophane.
4. The printing method of the edible gelatin 3D printing equipment according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the material in the temperature-variable cylinder (3) is defoamed by moving the extrusion nozzle (30) to the corner of the forming platform refrigeration plate (2) and controlling the extrusion nozzle (30) to press on soft silica gel to realize nozzle sealing after feeding is completed, and the pressure-variable piston (17) moves to realize internal negative pressure treatment to complete defoaming operation.
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| CN115989864A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-04-21 | 大连工业大学 | 3D printing method for coupling control of minced fillet coaxial extrusion and laser targeting curing |
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