CN210788637U

CN210788637U - High-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device

Info

Publication number: CN210788637U
Application number: CN201920499617.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 耿桂宏; 陈炜晔; 李紫阳; 董福元
Original assignee: North Minzu University
Current assignee: North Minzu University
Priority date: 2019-04-15
Filing date: 2019-04-15
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device, including vice jar of work, working main cylinder, stand, temperature control system and hydraulic control system, vice jar of work and working main cylinder all are connected with hydraulic control system through pneumatic cylinder oil pipe, install vice jar piston rod and main cylinder piston rod in vice jar of work and the working main cylinder respectively, the below of vice workstation is provided with induction heating device, and installs in main workstation top with the induction heating device that temperature control system links to each other. This high-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device can improve present experimental condition defect effectively, can effectual enhancement plastic deformation, makes the crystalline grain refine the ability and has obvious promotion to heating device's use ensures that sample extrusion accomplishes the back, directly can carry out the recrystallization operation in heating device, need not frequently to shift the sample, has further improved the degree of accuracy of experimental data, once only realizes the set of multinomial experiment.

Description

High-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a metal material plastic working technical field specifically is a high-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device.

Background

Under the current experimental conditions, metal materials or metal matrix composite materials are generally prepared by casting, powder metallurgy and spray deposition methods, but under the influence of various factors, the problems of coarse grains, segregation, gaps, inclusions and the like generally exist in the structure.

In addition, the secondary processing method is usually carried out at high temperature, recrystallized grains are easy to grow up and difficult to obtain an ultrafine grain structure, and a relatively complex flow is needed to refine the metal material or the metal-based composite material to the required ultrafine grain structure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a high-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal passageway extrusion device to it is little owing to the dependent variable to solve methods such as the conventional cold extrusion of proposing in the above-mentioned background art and rolling, the crystalline grain refines the ability limitedly, segregation phase often follows the deformation streamline distribution after the processing, breakage and homogenization degree are not thorough, in addition, secondary processing method goes on under high temperature usually, the recrystallization crystalline grain grows up easily, it is difficult to obtain superfine crystal structure, need comparatively complicated flow, just can refine metal material or metal-based combined material to the problem of required superfine crystal structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a high-efficiency multifunctional self-heating equal-channel extrusion device comprises a working auxiliary cylinder, a working main cylinder, stand columns, a temperature control system and a hydraulic control system, wherein the working auxiliary cylinder and the working main cylinder are connected with the hydraulic control system through hydraulic cylinder oil pipes, the working main cylinder and the working auxiliary cylinder are installed at the top of a frame, 4 stand columns are installed at corners of the top and the bottom of the frame in a penetrating manner, an auxiliary cylinder piston rod and a main cylinder piston rod are installed in the working auxiliary cylinder and the working main cylinder respectively, the bottom ends of the auxiliary cylinder piston rod and the main cylinder piston rod are connected with an auxiliary workbench and a first working punch respectively, an induction heating device is arranged below the auxiliary workbench, the induction heating device connected with the temperature control system is installed above the main workbench, the main workbench is installed on a base, the base is fixed at the bottom end of the stand columns, and the center of the auxiliary workbench is matched with a reciprocating extrusion, and the interior of the reciprocating extrusion die is matched with the extrusion sample, and the interior of the reciprocating extrusion die is matched with the working lower punch.

Preferably, the working auxiliary cylinders are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the working main cylinder, auxiliary cylinder piston rods at the bottom ends of the 2 working auxiliary cylinders are fixedly connected with the upper end face of the auxiliary workbench from two sides respectively, and corners of the auxiliary workbench are connected with the upright posts in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the bottom end of the master cylinder piston rod is provided with a connecting head, and the connecting mode of the master cylinder piston rod and the first working punch is the same as that of the master cylinder piston rod and the second working punch.

Preferably, the heating mode of the induction heating device is IGBT induction heating, the two sides of the induction heating device are provided with a first induction heating polar plate and a second induction heating polar plate, and the induction heating device is provided with a heat insulation layer.

Preferably, the heat insulating layer is made of asbestos or fireproof bricks, a placing groove with an upward opening is formed in the heat insulating layer, and the placing groove is matched with the bottom end of the reciprocating extrusion die.

Preferably, the device comprises the following working steps:

step 1: suspending the reciprocating extrusion die in the auxiliary cylinder working hole;

step 2: replacing the head of the upper ejector rod with a special first working punch or a second working punch for reciprocating extrusion, and assembling a special working lower punch for a reciprocating extrusion die on a main workbench;

and step 3: placing an extrusion sample into an extrusion cavity of an extrusion die;

and 4, step 4: and operating on the hydraulic control console to perform linkage of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder, so that the main workbench and the auxiliary workbench are linked to realize reciprocating extrusion.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: this high-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device can improve present experimental condition defect effectively, can effectual enhancement plastic deformation, makes the crystalline grain refine the ability and has obvious promotion to heating device's use ensures that sample extrusion accomplishes the back, directly can carry out the recrystallization operation in heating device, need not frequently to shift the sample, has further improved the degree of accuracy of experimental data, once only realizes the set of multinomial experiment:

1. the auxiliary worktable can move up and down through the linkage of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder, so that the bidirectional stretching extrusion is realized;

2. after the extrusion test is finished, the temperature can be kept continuously through a temperature control system, and the metal recrystallization process can be directly finished in a die;

3. the heating technology adopts IGBT induction heating technology, and the induction polar plate is settled respectively in heating device both sides, subtracts half the intermediate insulating layer that is provided with asbestos and fire prevention brick and constitutes, and the inside cavity of insulating layer can place equal channel corner extrusion die, adopts induction heating can not direct contact mould, but can be accurate heats the mould, reduces thermal loss, guarantees the degree of accuracy of temperature, has also guaranteed the safety of experiment simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the first working punch of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the second working punch of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first working punch and a second working punch of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the induction heating apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the working structure of the present invention during downward extrusion;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the working structure of the present invention during upward extrusion.

Wherein, 1, working auxiliary cylinder; 2. a working master cylinder; 3. a master cylinder piston rod; 4. a secondary cylinder piston rod; 5. a first working punch; 6. a column; 7. a sub-table; 8. an induction heating device; 81. a first induction heating pole plate; 82. a second induction heating pole plate; 83. a thermal insulation layer; 84. a placement groove; 9. a main work table; 10. a base; 11. a hydraulic cylinder oil pipe; 12. a temperature control system; 13. a hydraulic control system; 14. a second working punch; 15. a reciprocating extrusion die; 16. extruding the sample; 17. and working the lower punch.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-efficiency multifunctional self-heating equal-channel extrusion device comprises a working auxiliary cylinder 1, a working main cylinder 2, a main cylinder piston rod 3, an auxiliary cylinder piston rod 4, a first working punch 5, a stand column 6, an auxiliary worktable 7, an induction heating device 8, a first induction heating polar plate 81, a second induction heating polar plate 82, a heat insulation layer 83, a placing groove 84, a main worktable 9, a base 10, a hydraulic cylinder oil pipe 11, a temperature control system 12, a hydraulic control system 13, a second working punch 14, a reciprocating extrusion die 15, an extrusion sample 16 and a working lower punch 17, wherein the working auxiliary cylinder 1 and the working main cylinder 2 are connected with the hydraulic control system 13 through the hydraulic cylinder oil pipe 11, the working main cylinder 2 and the working auxiliary cylinder 1 are both arranged at the top of a frame, 4 stand columns 6 are arranged at the top and the bottom corners of the frame in a penetrating manner, the auxiliary cylinder piston rod 4 and the main cylinder piston rod 3 are respectively arranged in the working auxiliary cylinder 1 and the, and the bottom of vice cylinder piston rod 4 and main cylinder piston rod 3 is connected with vice workstation 7 and first work drift 5 respectively, the below of vice workstation 7 is provided with induction heating device 8, and installs in main workstation 9 top with the induction heating device 8 that temperature control system 12 links to each other to main workstation 9 installs on base 10, and base 10 is fixed in stand 6 bottom simultaneously, the center department of vice workstation 7 is identical with reciprocal extrusion die 15, and the inside of reciprocal extrusion die 15 is identical with extrusion sample 16, and the inside of reciprocal extrusion die 15 is identical with work lower punch 17.

The working auxiliary cylinders 1 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the working main cylinder 2, auxiliary cylinder piston rods 4 at the bottom ends of the working auxiliary cylinders 1 are fixedly connected with the upper end face of an auxiliary workbench 7 from two sides respectively, corners of the auxiliary workbench 7 are in sliding connection with the upright posts 6, and normal operation of reciprocating extrusion work is ensured by controlling the working auxiliary cylinders 1 and the working main cylinder 2.

The bottom end of the main cylinder piston rod 3 is provided with a connecting head, the connecting mode of the main cylinder piston rod 3 and the first working punch 5 is the same as that of the main cylinder piston rod 3 and the second working punch 14, and the requirements of different processing environments can be met by replacing different punches.

The heating mode of the induction heating device 8 is IGBT induction heating, a first induction heating polar plate 81 and a second induction heating polar plate 82 are arranged on two sides of the induction heating device 8, a heat insulation layer 83 is arranged in the induction heating device 8, the heat insulation layer 83 is made of asbestos or fireproof brick materials, a placing groove 84 with an upward opening is formed in the heat insulation layer 83, the placing groove 84 is matched with the bottom end of the reciprocating extrusion die 15, the induction heating device can not be in direct contact with the die, the die can be accurately heated, heat loss is reduced, temperature accuracy is guaranteed, meanwhile, experimental safety is guaranteed, a sample is insulated in a muffle furnace or other devices in a general experimental process, then the sample is placed in an extrusion device, then the sample is extruded and taken out to be placed in the muffle furnace or other devices for heating and heat preservation, recrystallization is realized, and the induction heating device 8 is used, the device can complete the experiment at one time without frequently transferring samples, thereby ensuring the accuracy of experimental data.

The device comprises the following working steps: step 1: suspending the reciprocating extrusion die 15 in the auxiliary cylinder working hole; step 2: the head of the upper ejector rod is replaced by a special first working punch 5 or a special second working punch 14 for reciprocating extrusion, and a special working lower punch 17 for a reciprocating extrusion die 15 is assembled on the main workbench 9; and step 3: placing the extrusion sample 16 into an extrusion cavity of an extrusion die; and 4, step 4: and the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are linked by operating the hydraulic control console, so that the main workbench 9 and the auxiliary workbench 7 are linked to realize reciprocating extrusion.

The working principle is as follows: the working process of the equal channel extrusion function is as follows: the IGBT heating system is arranged on a main working table 9 of an extrusion device, the position is adjusted, the precision of an extrusion experiment is ensured, an extrusion sample is placed into a reciprocating extrusion die 15 (equal channel angular extrusion die) (the equal channel angular extrusion die adopted by the device is subjected to a reducing design at a sample outlet, see patent RU2570271C1, CN104874630A and the like for details), the die is installed, the installed die is placed into an induction heating device 8 which is arranged completely and has a correct position, a test sample is preheated according to a calculated temperature (the device can be used for cold extrusion and warm extrusion, the temperature of warm extrusion is generally lower than the recrystallization temperature of a metal material and higher than the recovery temperature), the die is preheated to a designated temperature and is kept warm for a certain time (determined according to the experimental material), a first working punch 5 for equal channel angular extrusion is arranged on a main cylinder piston rod 3 (as shown in figure 1 and figure 3), in the state of a heat-preservation mold, operating the working main cylinder 2 to press down, carrying out an extrusion test, after the extrusion work is finished, controlling the temperature to be in a material recrystallization temperature range through the temperature control system 12, preserving the heat for a set time, then stopping heating, carrying out air cooling to room temperature, realizing a recrystallization process, opening the induction heating device 8, taking out the mold and an experimental sample, taking down working accessories, and enabling the device to recover the original position;

the working process of the reciprocating extrusion function is as follows: as shown in fig. 2 and 5-6, the experimental material is preheated, and the temperature is maintained for a certain time (specifically determined according to the experimental material), a reciprocating extrusion die 15 for reciprocating extrusion is hung at the hole of the secondary worktable 7, a working lower punch 17 of the reciprocating extrusion die 15 is installed on the primary worktable 9, a second working punch 14 for reciprocating extrusion experiment is replaced on the main cylinder piston rod 3 of the working main cylinder 2 (as shown in fig. 3), the experimental material in the heat-maintained state is placed in the reciprocating extrusion die 15 to prepare for the experiment, the primary and secondary cylinders are linked up and down through a hydraulic device control panel to perform the reciprocating extrusion experiment, after the extrusion experiment is performed for a certain pass (the specific pass is determined according to the specific experimental requirements and the experimental material), the second working punch 14 is lifted to the highest position of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod, then the secondary worktable 7 is lifted to the highest position, and finally, taking out the experimental sample, taking down the working accessory and restoring the device to the original position.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient multi-functional self-heating equal channel extrusion device, includes work auxiliary cylinder (1), work master cylinder (2), stand (6), temperature control system (12) and hydraulic control system (13), its characterized in that: the working auxiliary cylinder (1) and the working main cylinder (2) are connected with a hydraulic control system (13) through hydraulic cylinder oil pipes (11), the working main cylinder (2) and the working auxiliary cylinder (1) are installed at the top of the frame, 4 upright posts (6) are installed at the corners of the top and the bottom of the frame in a penetrating manner, an auxiliary cylinder piston rod (4) and a main cylinder piston rod (3) are installed in the working auxiliary cylinder (1) and the working main cylinder (2) respectively, the bottom ends of the auxiliary cylinder piston rod (4) and the main cylinder piston rod (3) are connected with an auxiliary workbench (7) and a first working punch (5) respectively, an induction heating device (8) is arranged below the auxiliary workbench (7), the induction heating device (8) connected with a temperature control system (12) is installed above the main workbench (9), and the main workbench (9) is installed on a base (10), meanwhile, the base (10) is fixed at the bottom end of the upright post (6), the center of the auxiliary workbench (7) is matched with the reciprocating extrusion die (15), the interior of the reciprocating extrusion die (15) is matched with the extrusion sample (16), and the interior of the reciprocating extrusion die (15) is matched with the working lower punch (17).

2. The high-efficiency multifunctional self-heating equal-channel extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the working auxiliary cylinders (1) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the working main cylinder (2), auxiliary cylinder piston rods (4) at the bottom ends of the 2 working auxiliary cylinders (1) are fixedly connected with the upper end face of an auxiliary workbench (7) from two sides respectively, and corners of the auxiliary workbench (7) are connected with the stand columns (6) in a sliding mode.

3. The high-efficiency multifunctional self-heating equal-channel extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the main cylinder piston rod (3) is provided with a connecting head, and the connecting mode of the main cylinder piston rod (3) and the first working punch (5) is the same as that of the main cylinder piston rod (3) and the second working punch (14).

4. The high-efficiency multifunctional self-heating equal-channel extrusion device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 1 the heating mode of the induction heating device (8) is IGBT induction heating, a first induction heating polar plate (81) and a second induction heating polar plate (82) are arranged on two sides of the induction heating device (8), and a heat insulation layer (83) is arranged in the induction heating device (8).

5. The high-efficiency multifunctional self-heating equal-channel extrusion device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the heat insulation layer (83) is made of asbestos or fireproof brick materials, a placing groove (84) with an upward opening is formed in the heat insulation layer (83), and the placing groove (84) is matched with the bottom end of the reciprocating extrusion die (15).