CN114946862A - 一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂 - Google Patents
一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂。本发明提供了一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，其有效成分由含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑二元复配而成。本发明含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，由两种作用机理不同的药剂复配，可以延缓西瓜枯萎病对氯氟醚菌唑的抗药性产生，对氯氟醚菌唑起到保护作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂。
背景技术
西瓜枯萎病俗称“死秧病”，为土传病害，病菌通过种子、土壤、肥料、浇水的方式浸染作物。该病在西瓜各生长发育期均可发生。由于连年耕作、施肥不当、土壤潮湿等原因，该病在温室大棚、露天等均有发生，且逐年加重，造成西瓜烂根、死棵。防治西瓜枯萎病以农业防治和化学药剂防治相结合。农业防治包括选种抗病品种，土壤处理，轮作倒茬，嫁接换根，育苗移栽等农业管理措施。常用的化学药剂有恶霉灵、百菌清、多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、福美双等，且已经产生不同程度的抗药性，导致防效不高，用药量较大，引起作物药害和环境污染。
氯氟醚菌唑(mefentrifluconazole)是由巴斯夫开发和上市的新型异丙醇三唑类杀菌剂，具有广谱、高效、内吸活性并具有铲除和保护作用，作用机理为阻止麦角甾醇的生物合成，抑制细胞生长并最终导致细胞膜的坍塌。该药单独使用对西瓜枯萎病有较好的防效，如果长期单一施用该有效成分，易使病害产生抗药性。
氨基寡糖素也称为农业专用壳寡糖，是从海洋生物如虾类、蟹类等的外壳提取而来的多糖类天然产物，由几丁质降解得壳聚糖后再降解制得。作为一种新型的生物农药，氨基寡糖素不同于传统农药，它不直接作用于有害生物，而是通过激发植物自身的免疫反应，使植物获得系统性抗逆(包括抗逆性)，从而起到抗逆、抗病虫和增产作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，以克服长期单一施用氯氟醚菌唑易使病害产生抗药性的缺点。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，其有效成分由含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑二元复配而成。
所述氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑质量比为1-100：100-1，优选比例为2-3:3-2。
本发明提供的一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂可制备多种剂型，本领域技术人员可采用辅料将杀菌组合物制作为相应的剂型。
优选，所述杀菌剂剂型为悬浮剂。
所述杀菌剂制备的悬浮剂有效成分总质量百分含量为5％-50％、分散剂质量百分含量2-10％、润湿剂质量百分含量2-10％、防冻剂质量百分含量0.1-5％、增稠剂质量百分含量0.1-2％、消泡剂质量百分含量0.1-2％、余量为水。
所述的分散剂包括聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸钠、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
所述的润湿剂包括湿润剂包括十二烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、洗衣粉中的一种或多种；
所述的防冻剂包括乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或多种；其增稠剂为黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素、羧乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、硅酸铝镁以及聚乙烯醇中一种或多种。
所述的增稠剂包括阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、明胶一种或多种。
所述的消泡剂包括有机硅。
本发明提供的一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂对西瓜枯萎病具有较好的防治效果。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，由氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑两种药剂复配，对西瓜枯萎病增效作用明显，提高对西瓜枯萎病的防效，可以减少用药量和用药次数，降低生产成本，减少环境污染。
(2)本发明含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，由两种作用机理不同的药剂复配，可以延缓西瓜枯萎病对氯氟醚菌唑的抗药性产生，对氯氟醚菌唑起到保护作用。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
制剂配方实施例
实施例1
氨基寡糖素2g、氯氟醚菌唑3g、木质素磺酸钠2g、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2g、乙二醇5％、阿拉伯胶2％、有机硅2g、水补足至100g。
实施例2
氨基寡糖素20g、氯氟醚菌唑30g、聚羧酸盐10g、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚2g、丙二醇0.1％、黄原胶0.1％、有机硅0.1g、水补足至100g。
实施例3
氨基寡糖素0.5g、氯氟醚菌唑50g、聚羧酸盐10g、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚2g、丙二醇0.1％、黄原胶0.1％、有机硅0.1g、水补足至100g。
实施例4
氨基寡糖素25g、氯氟醚菌唑0.25g、木质素磺酸钠2g、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯10g、丙三醇1％、阿拉伯胶0.5％、有机硅1g、水补足至100g。
本实施例提供的含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂制备的悬浮剂，通过如下方法制作而成：
将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂、防冻剂、增稠剂、消泡剂和水等各组分按配方的比例混合均匀，经研磨、高速剪切后即得。
田间药效实施例
实施例1至实施例4提供的杀菌剂、市售2％氨基寡糖素水剂、400克/升氯氟醚菌唑悬浮剂以及空白组(不用药)共7个处理，每处理重复3次。
用药方法：药物兑水50公斤进行均匀喷雾一亩，间隔10天施药一次，共施药3次。一个月后，拔起西瓜苗，纵剖维管束，观察发病情况，根据西瓜枯萎病的分级标准调查各处理的病情，根据以下公式计算病情指数和相对防效，调查结果如表1。
病情指数＝Σ[病级数×该级病株数]/(调查总数×最高病级数)×100
相对防效(％)＝(对照病情指数-处理病情指数)/对照病情指数×100％
西瓜枯萎病的分级标准：
0级：茎内维管束正常，无变色；
1级：茎内维管束20％以下变色；
2级：茎内维管束20％-40％变色；
3级：茎内维管束40％-60％变色；
4级：茎内维管束60％-80％变色；
5级：茎内维管束80％以上变色。
药害调查方法
施药后连续10天观察药剂对作物是否有药害。
表1含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂对西瓜枯萎病的田间防效
| 处理药剂 | 病情指数(％) | 防效(％) |
| 实施例1 | 3.4 | 89.6 |
| 实施例2 | 2.1 | 93.6 |
| 实施例3 | 4.0 | 87.7 |
| 实施例4 | 4.5 | 86.2 |
| 2％氨基寡糖素水剂 | 10.5 | 67.8 |
| 400克/升氯氟醚菌唑悬浮剂 | 8.2 | 74.8 |
| 空白对照 | 32.6 | / |
从表1看出，本发明杀菌剂对西瓜枯萎病的防治效果均显著，明显高于对照药剂，且对西瓜生长安全，田间没有发现不良反应。
对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种含氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑的杀菌剂，其特征在于，其有效成分由氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑二元复配而成，所述氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑质量比为1-100：100-1。
2.根据权利要求1所述杀菌剂，其特征在于，所述氨基寡糖素和氯氟醚菌唑质量比为2-3:3-2。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述杀菌剂，其特征在于，所述杀菌剂剂型为悬浮剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述杀菌剂，其特征在于，所述杀菌剂有效成分总质量百分含量为5％-50％、分散剂质量百分含量2-10％、润湿剂质量百分含量2-10％、防冻剂质量百分含量0.1-5％、增稠剂质量百分含量0.1-2％、消泡剂质量百分含量0.1-2％、余量为水。
5.根据权利要求1-4所述杀菌剂对西瓜枯萎病具有较好的防治效果。
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