CN114942366A - Multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for capacitor unit in capacitor - Google Patents

Multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for capacitor unit in capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114942366A
CN114942366A CN202111650168.3A CN202111650168A CN114942366A CN 114942366 A CN114942366 A CN 114942366A CN 202111650168 A CN202111650168 A CN 202111650168A CN 114942366 A CN114942366 A CN 114942366A
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capacitor
unit
current signal
fault
discharge
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卜泽伟
李斯盟
刘志华
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/24Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a capacitor unit multiple spot discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method in condenser, includes the following steps: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge; filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal; extracting and analyzing the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to an analysis result; and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor. This openly can combine condenser on-line monitoring and fault location to the realization is put the location of signal and the detection of the electric quantity of discharging to the local in the condenser.

Description

Method for multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection of capacitor unit in capacitor
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of discharge detection of power capacitors, and particularly relates to a multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for a capacitor unit in a capacitor.
Background
Because the energy centers and population centers in China are distributed unevenly, a high-efficiency and clean electric energy transmission mode of high-voltage direct-current transmission is needed to undertake long-distance and large-capacity power transmission tasks. The inverter is a core device of a direct current transmission system, and generates harmonics of 12k (k is 1,2,3 …) times during operation, and the harmonics cause the problems of resonance, overvoltage and accelerated device aging, so that a direct current filter is required to be arranged between a direct current bus and a neutral point to eliminate the harmonics.
The high-voltage capacitor plays a role in isolating direct-current voltage and bearing the direct-current voltage in the direct-current filter, and is susceptible to the influence of voltage fluctuation on a direct-current bus to cause faults. The high-voltage capacitor is internally formed by connecting capacitor units in series and in parallel, and the method for manually measuring the capacitance value of the capacitor unit by a maintainer to position the fault after the fault occurs has the phenomena of inaccurate positioning and low efficiency, so that a more sensitive and reliable method for early warning and positioning the internal defect of the capacitor is needed.
Partial discharge detection is an important means for finding potential insulation defects of high-voltage power equipment and performing quality control, and the partial discharge has an important influence on the insulation reliability and the service life of a capacitor. In order to ensure the delivery quality of the capacitor, manufacturers at home and abroad use partial discharge as a key item for delivery detection of the capacitor. The method has the advantages that the insulation defect in the capacitor can be found before the equipment has serious faults by monitoring the partial discharge of the capacitor in operation, so that the equipment is prevented from being seriously damaged, and the major faults such as shutdown of a direct current transmission system are avoided. In addition, the characteristic of application local discharge impulse current carries out fault location and can help the maintainer to confirm that the capacitor unit that the insulation is weak is located which parallel branch of condenser inside, plays the effect that alleviates maintainer work load. At present, although there are technologies for online monitoring of electrical parameters such as capacitor voltage and capacitance and defect positioning methods for short circuit and open circuit faults of capacitors, there is no method for positioning partial discharge signals in capacitors by combining online monitoring and fault positioning.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for positioning multipoint discharge and detecting discharge capacity of a capacitor unit in a capacitor, which can combine on-line monitoring and fault positioning of the capacitor to realize positioning of an partial discharge signal in the capacitor and detection of discharge capacity.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions:
a multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for a capacitor unit in a capacitor comprises the following steps:
s100: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge;
s200: filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal;
s300: extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, analyzing, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to the analysis result;
s400: and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit to obtain the discharge capacity of partial discharge of the capacitor.
Preferably, the frequency of the second current is 100kHz to 1 MHz.
Preferably, step S300 includes the steps of:
s301: extracting the amplitude of the second current signal, and judging the row where the fault capacitance unit is located according to the amplitude change degree;
s302: and analyzing the phase change of all the capacitor units in the row where the fault capacitor unit is located to judge the column where the fault capacitor unit is located.
The present disclosure also provides a capacitor unit discharge positioning and discharge amount detecting device in a capacitor, including:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first current signal of each capacitor unit in the capacitor during partial discharge;
the filtering unit is used for filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal;
the positioning unit is used for extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal and analyzing the amplitude and the phase to position a fault capacitor unit in the capacitor;
and the detection unit is used for detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit so as to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
Preferably, the positioning unit includes:
the first extraction module is used for extracting the amplitude of the second current signal;
the second extraction module is used for extracting the phase of the second current signal;
the first analysis module is used for analyzing the amplitude change of the second current signal;
and the second analysis module is used for analyzing the phase change of the second current signal.
Preferably, the positioning unit further comprises:
the first positioning module is used for judging the row of the fault capacitor unit in the capacitor according to the amplitude change of the second current signal;
and the second positioning module is used for judging the column where the fault capacitance unit is located according to the phase change of the second current signal.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a storage unit for storing information on the location, the number of times of failure and the time of failure of the faulty capacitive unit in the capacitor and the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
The present disclosure also provides a capacitor unit multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detecting device in a capacitor, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing a computer program for: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge; filtering the collected first current signal to obtain a second current signal; extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, analyzing, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to the analysis result; and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitor unit to obtain the partial discharge capacity of the capacitor.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that this disclosure brought does: the method and the device can accurately position and monitor the partial discharge of the capacitor unit in the power capacitor, so that the power capacitor is prevented from major faults, and operation and maintenance personnel are helped to quickly position the fault capacitor unit after the faults occur.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for multi-point discharge positioning and discharge amount detection of a capacitor unit in a capacitor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a capacitor structure provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent structure of a capacitor provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the direction of discharge pulses in a capacitor in the event of a fault according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a single capacitor unit failure provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a current waveform diagram for a single faulty capacitive cell and a normal bank provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a current waveform diagram for a single faulty capacitive cell and a faulty group as provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a failure of two capacitive units provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a current waveform diagram of a fault group 2 provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a current waveform diagram for a fault group 4 provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 11 is a diagram of a normal set of current waveforms provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 11 of the accompanying drawings. While specific embodiments of the disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. The description and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the disclosure and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the terms of the appended claims.
To facilitate an understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following detailed description is to be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a method for positioning multipoint discharge and detecting discharge amount of a capacitor unit in a capacitor, comprising the following steps:
s100: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge;
s200: filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal;
s300: extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, analyzing, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to the analysis result;
s400: and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit to obtain the discharge capacity of partial discharge of the capacitor.
The above embodiments constitute a complete technical solution of the present disclosure. The method provided by the embodiment can accurately position the fault capacitance unit in the capacitor and detect the discharge amount of the capacitor when the capacitor is partially discharged, so that the problem that in the prior art, discharge can only be monitored and the fault cannot be positioned or the fault can only be positioned and discharge monitoring cannot be realized is solved, and therefore operation and maintenance personnel can be greatly helped to position the fault and detect an insulating weak area in the capacitor before serious fault occurs.
In another embodiment, the frequency of the second current signal is 100kHz to 1 MHz.
In this embodiment, because the current of power frequency and low-order harmonic is very big, can make high frequency current mutual inductor coil reach magnetic saturation and can't measure the high frequency current signal, consequently, through carrying out filtering processing to first current signal and make the frequency of second current signal fall in 100kHz to 1 MHz's scope, just can not make high frequency current transformer reach magnetic saturation to obtain the discharge pulse signal that satisfies the detection needs.
In another embodiment, step S300 includes the steps of:
s301: extracting the amplitude of the second current signal, and judging the row where the fault capacitance unit is located according to the amplitude change degree;
the capacitor has a structure as shown in fig. 2, and is formed by connecting m rows and n columns of capacitor units in parallel, each row of capacitor units is connected with a voltage-sharing resistor in parallel, and each capacitor unit is connected with a fuse in series. When the short-circuit fault does not occur in the capacitance unit, the fuse wire cannot be triggered to be fused, so that the fuse wire can be regarded as a lead; in addition, since the resistance of the equalizing resistor is large, it can be regarded as an open circuit for the partial discharge pulse. For the convenience of subsequent analysis, a simplified circuit obtained by omitting the fuse and the voltage-sharing resistor is shown in fig. 3.
When a certain capacitor unit in the capacitor has a fault, which causes a weak insulation and thus partial discharge, the voltage of the fault capacitor unit is lower than the voltage of the capacitor unit in a normal operation state, and when the fault occurs, because the voltages of other normal capacitor units connected in parallel with the fault capacitor unit are not suddenly changed, a voltage difference Δ U is generated between the normal capacitor unit and the fault capacitor unit, and at this time, a current flows from the normal capacitor unit to the fault capacitor unit, as shown in fig. 4. For the whole capacitor, since the discharge pulse forms a closed loop in the row where the faulty capacitive cell is located, the influence of the discharge pulse on the normal capacitive cell is negligible, and the discharge current detected thereon is very weak. And the discharging current detected on the fault capacitor unit is subjected to step change compared with the normal capacitor unit, and the step change of the discharging current shows that the amplitude of a high-frequency component in the current is larger during the fault, so that the row where the fault capacitor unit in the capacitor is located can be judged according to the change of the amplitude of a medium-high frequency component in the second current signal.
S302: and analyzing the phase change of all the capacitor units in the row where the fault capacitor unit is located to judge the column where the fault capacitor unit is located.
After making a determination of the row in which the faulty capacitor is located, the column in which the faulty capacitor cell is located needs to be further analyzed. For the row where the fault capacitor unit is located, when partial discharge occurs, the partial discharge can be equivalent to charging the fault capacitor unit from the normal capacitor unit, so that the phases of the discharge current signal of the normal capacitor unit and the discharge current signal of the fault capacitor unit are opposite, and therefore, the column where the fault capacitor unit is located can be judged by detecting the phase of the discharge current signal of the capacitor unit.
Through the analysis of the amplitude and the phase of the discharge current, the fault capacitor unit in the capacitor can be accurately positioned.
The method of the present disclosure is further described below with reference to fig. 5 to 11.
And (3) establishing a capacitor matrix by using PSCAD simulation software, wherein the capacitor units which are electrically connected in parallel are established into a capacitor group, the group in which the capacitor unit with the fault is positioned is defined as a fault group, and other groups are defined as normal groups.
The capacitance value of a normal capacitor unit is set to be 1 muF, a fault capacitor unit is set to be formed by connecting two capacitors of 1 muF in series, namely the capacitance value before fault is 0.5 muF, the fault is set to be that one capacitor is short-circuited in 0.2 second, namely the capacitance value of the fault capacitor unit is suddenly changed to 1 muF in 0.2 second, a current matrix is formed by measuring the current flowing through each capacitor unit, and the amplitude and the phase of the current in the current matrix are analyzed to position the fault capacitor unit.
First, a single fault point is provided in the circuit shown in fig. 5, with a fault capacitor in series with the current coil No. 33.
It is measured that, as can be seen from the waveform diagram shown in fig. 6, when the discharge failure occurs in the capacitive unit No. 33 in fig. 5, the current of the capacitive unit in the normal group hardly changes (in fig. 6, the current signals of the capacitive units in the normal group and the failed group are denoted by the numbers 13, 23, 33, 43, 53). And the current of each capacitor unit in the fault group has step change as shown in fig. 7 (in fig. 7, the signals measured by each fault capacitor unit in the fault group are represented by numbers 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35), the step change of the current indicates that the amplitude of the high-frequency component of the current is large when the fault occurs, so that the fault can be located in the third group by judging the magnitude of the current. Further analysis of the direction of current flow in each capacitor cell in the fault group reveals that the direction of current flow in the faulty capacitor cell is opposite to the direction of current flow in the other capacitor cells. Therefore, when a discharge fault occurs, the capacitor unit with the current direction of the capacitor unit in the fault group being opposite to the current direction of other capacitor units in the group can be judged to be the capacitor unit with the fault, namely, the capacitor unit No. 33 has the discharge fault.
Next, two faulty capacity units No. 25 and No. 41 were provided in the circuit shown in fig. 8, and the fault was set to short-circuit one of the capacities in the faulty capacity unit for 20ms at 0.2 second.
Through measurement, when a fault occurs, only the fault group detects the current with step change (namely the current is high in high-frequency content), and the current waveforms of the fault group 2 and the fault group 4 are respectively shown in fig. 9 and fig. 10; fig. 11 shows the current waveform of the capacitor unit in the normal group, and it can be known that the current change of the capacitor unit in the normal group is small when a fault occurs, so that it can be known that the discharge occurs in the fault group 2 and the fault group 4 by determining the magnitude of the high frequency current amplitude. Continuing to analyze the current signals of the fault group 2 and the fault group 4, at the moment of the fault, the current direction of the capacitor unit with the fault in the fault group is opposite to that of the normal capacitor unit in the fault group, for example, the current of the capacitor unit No. 25 in fig. 9 is opposite to that of the capacitor units No. 21, 22, 23 and 24, and the current of the capacitor unit No. 41 in fig. 10 is opposite to that of the capacitor units No. 42, 43, 44 and 45, so that it can be determined that the capacitor unit No. 25 in the fault group 2 and the capacitor unit No. 41 in the fault group 4 have the discharge fault.
Through the above specific embodiments, it can be seen that the power capacitor multipoint discharge positioning method provided by the present disclosure is practical.
In another embodiment, in step S400, the detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the faulty capacitor unit includes the following steps:
s401: connecting a pulse calibration source in parallel at two ends of a capacitor unit to be calibrated, sending a pulse signal with constant discharge capacity by using the pulse calibration source, recording the discharge capacity at the moment, and recording as Q 1 And simultaneously measuring the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit and recording as V 1
S402: when the fault capacitor unit discharges, measuring the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitor unit, and recording the peak voltage as V 2 Then the discharge amount of the available capacitor when partial discharge occurs is recorded as
Figure BDA0003446150210000101
In another embodiment, the present disclosure further provides a device for positioning multipoint discharge and detecting discharge amount of a capacitor unit in a capacitor, including:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first current signal of each capacitor unit in the capacitor during partial discharge;
the filtering unit is used for filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal;
the positioning unit is used for extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal and analyzing the amplitude and the phase to position a fault capacitor unit in the capacitor;
and the detection unit is used for detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit so as to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
In another embodiment, the positioning unit includes:
the first extraction module is used for extracting the amplitude of the second current signal;
the second extraction module is used for extracting the phase of the second current signal;
the first analysis module is used for analyzing the amplitude change of the second current signal;
and the second analysis module is used for analyzing the phase change of the second current signal.
In another embodiment, the positioning unit further comprises:
the first positioning module is used for judging the row where the fault capacitance unit is located according to the amplitude change of the second current signal;
and the second positioning module is used for judging the column where the fault capacitance unit is located according to the phase change of the second current signal.
In another embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a storage unit for storing information on a location, a number of times of failure, and a time of failure of the capacitor, and a discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor in the capacitor.
In another embodiment, the present disclosure further provides a device for positioning multipoint discharge and detecting discharge amount of a capacitor unit in a capacitor, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing a computer program for: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge; filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal; extracting and analyzing the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to an analysis result; and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
The foregoing description of the present disclosure has been presented with specific examples to aid understanding thereof, and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any partial modification or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure by a person skilled in the art should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (8)

1. A multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for a capacitor unit in a capacitor comprises the following steps:
s100: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge;
s200: filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal;
s300: extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, analyzing, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to the analysis result;
s400: and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein preferably the frequency of the second current is 100kHz to 1 MHz.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step S300 comprises the steps of:
s301: extracting the amplitude of the second current signal, and judging the row where the fault capacitor unit is located in the capacitor according to the amplitude change degree;
s302: and analyzing the phase change of all the capacitor units in the row where the fault capacitor unit is located to judge the column where the fault capacitor unit is located.
4. A multi-point discharge positioning and discharge amount detection device for a capacitor unit in a capacitor comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first current signal of each capacitor unit in the capacitor during partial discharge;
the filtering unit is used for filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal;
the positioning unit is used for extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal and analyzing the amplitude and the phase to position a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor;
and the detection unit is used for detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit so as to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the positioning unit comprises:
the first extraction module is used for extracting the amplitude of the second current signal;
the second extraction module is used for extracting the phase of the second current signal;
the first analysis module is used for analyzing the amplitude change of the second current signal;
and the second analysis module is used for analyzing the phase change of the second current signal.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein the positioning unit further comprises:
the first positioning module is used for judging the row where the fault capacitor unit is located according to the amplitude change of the second current signal;
and the second positioning module is used for judging the column where the fault capacitor unit is located according to the phase change of the second current signal.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a storage unit for storing information on a location of a faulty capacitance unit in the capacitor, a number of faults and a fault time, and a discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
8. A multi-point discharge positioning and discharge amount detection device for a capacitor unit in a capacitor comprises:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing a computer program for: collecting a first current signal of each capacitor unit in a capacitor during partial discharge; filtering the acquired first current signal to obtain a second current signal; extracting the amplitude and the phase of the second current signal, analyzing, and positioning a fault capacitance unit in the capacitor according to the analysis result; and detecting the peak voltage of the high-frequency current transformer on the fault capacitance unit to obtain the discharge amount of partial discharge of the capacitor.
CN202111650168.3A 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for capacitor unit in capacitor Pending CN114942366A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111650168.3A CN114942366A (en) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for capacitor unit in capacitor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111650168.3A CN114942366A (en) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Multipoint discharge positioning and discharge amount detection method for capacitor unit in capacitor

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