CN114931166A - Application of bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage - Google Patents

Application of bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage Download PDF

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CN114931166A
CN114931166A CN202210539215.5A CN202210539215A CN114931166A CN 114931166 A CN114931166 A CN 114931166A CN 202210539215 A CN202210539215 A CN 202210539215A CN 114931166 A CN114931166 A CN 114931166A
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bacillus subtilis
lipopeptide extract
corn
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常艺海
丛丽娜
关长城
秦立群
刘永立
牛俊轲
王文龙
李高强
段丹霞
张�杰
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Jiaozuo Baiyian Bioengineering Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage, which is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract is dissolved in sterile water to prepare a bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution, then the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution is added into corn kernels and uniformly stirred, the corn kernels are stored at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 65-75%, and 0.1-0.5 g of the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract is added into each kilogram of the corn kernels. Compared with the prior art, the lipopeptide extract has the advantages that the optimal lipopeptide addition amount and the optimal mildew-proof effect of the corns with different water contents are determined, the lipopeptide extract can effectively control the generation of mildew in the fresh corns, and the growth of the mildew and the germination of spores are inhibited. Compared with the existing grain mildew preventive, the lipopeptide extract is safer, has no residue, is harmless to people and livestock, and has good application prospect in the storage process of fresh corn.

Description

Application of bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical application field of biological mildew inhibitors, in particular to application of a bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract in corn storage.
Background
Due to the influence of various factors such as regions, climate and the like, the grains are very easily polluted by mould in nature in the processes of processing, transporting and storing. The mold secretes numerous mycotoxins, and statistically, up to more than 300 mycotoxins are known, among which the common toxins are: aflatoxins, fumonisins, zearalenone, ochratoxins, vomitoxin, and the like. The toxicity of aflatoxin released by aspergillus flavus is 10 times that of potassium cyanide and 68 times that of arsenic, and the aflatoxin is determined as the strongest naturally occurring chemical carcinogen by the international cancer research institution and is also one of the main causes for causing liver cancer in China. The mycotoxin can be enriched in the muscle tissues of livestock and poultry, so that the metabolism and the behavior of the organism are changed, the potential immune function is inhibited, the livers and the kidneys of the livestock and poultry are damaged, the growth performance of the livestock and poultry is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the human health is harmed through the food chain. At present, the chemical preservative is widely applied due to good mildew-proof effect, but the chemical preservative has potential harm to organs of human body such as liver, kidney and the like, and even can induce a plurality of side effects such as malignant tumor and the like. Therefore, a safe and efficient novel biological mildew preventive is found to have a good application prospect in the field of grain storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an application of a bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
the application of the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract is dissolved in sterile water to prepare a bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution, then the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution is added into corn kernels and uniformly stirred, the corn kernels are stored at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 65% -75%, and 0.1-0.5 g of the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract is added into each kilogram of corn kernels.
Further, the preparation process of the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract comprises the following steps: and centrifuging the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor to obtain a fermentation supernatant, extracting the supernatant by adopting an ethanol-ammonium sulfate two-aqueous-phase system, desalting the extract liquor by using ethanol, and drying and concentrating the extract liquor by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract.
Further, the fermentation medium used in the preparation of the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor contains the following components per liter: 10g of glucose, 10g of bovine bone peptone and K 2 HPO 4 4g/L、CaCl 2 0.2g/L、MgSO 4 0.4g/L, the balance being water, the pH of the fermentation medium being 7.0.
Preferably, the ethanol-ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase system is as follows: the mass fraction of ammonium sulfate is 20%, the volume fraction of ethanol is 35%, the pH value is 6.0, the temperature of aqueous two-phase extraction is 30 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
Preferably, 0.4 grams of the Bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract is added per kilogram of the corn kernels.
Further, the temperature during the drying and concentration process of the rotary evaporator is set to be 60 ℃, and the pressure is set to be 0.1 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the antibacterial lipopeptide compound is extracted from the biocontrol bacterium bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, the mildew-proof effect of the lipopeptide extract in the corn storage process is explored, the optimal lipopeptide addition amount and the optimal mildew-proof effect of corns with different water contents are determined, and the lipopeptide extract can effectively control the generation of mildew in fresh corns and inhibit the growth of the mildew and the germination of spores. Compared with the existing grain mildew preventive, the lipopeptide extract is safer, has no residue, is harmless to people and livestock, and has good application prospect in the storage process of fresh corn.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the anti-mold effect of different amounts of Bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extracts on high moisture corn kernels: a, before treatment; b, after untreated storage; c, treating 0.1g/kg of lipopeptide; d, treatment with 0.2g/kg lipopeptide; e, 0.3g/kg lipopeptide treatment; f, 0.4g/kg lipopeptide treatment; g, 0.5g/kg lipopeptide treatment.
FIG. 2 shows the anti-mold effect of the antibacterial lipopeptide extract of Bacillus subtilis on different high-moisture corn kernels.
FIG. 3 shows the anti-mold effect of the antibacterial lipopeptide extract of Bacillus subtilis on high moisture corn cobs.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Example 1
Comprises the following components per liter: 10g of glucose, 10g of bovine bone peptone and K 2 HPO 4 4g/L、CaCl 2 0.2g/L、MgSO 4 0.4g/L, and the balance of water, wherein the pH of the fermentation medium is 7.0, and the bacillus subtilis is cultured in the fermentation mediumPerforming solid-liquid separation on the fermentation liquor in a centrifugal machine with the rotation number of 8000r/min for 10min to obtain supernatant; adding the fermented supernatant of Bacillus subtilis into an ethanol-ammonium sulfate two-aqueous phase extraction system (ammonium sulfate mass fraction is 20%, ethanol volume fraction is 35%, system pH is 6.0), stirring and mixing uniformly, standing for extraction and phase separation, extracting at 30 deg.C for 10-30min, and collecting the upper phase extract; adding ethanol with the volume 3 times of that of the upper phase extraction liquid into the upper phase extraction liquid, separating out ammonium sulfate precipitate, filtering the ammonium sulfate precipitate, and collecting filtrate; drying and concentrating the filtrate by a rotary evaporator (the temperature is set to 60 ℃, and the pressure is set to 0.1Mpa), and obtaining the antibacterial lipopeptide extract of the bacillus subtilis. The bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract can be used for corn storage, and specifically comprises the following components: adding sterile water into the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract to prepare a bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution, adding the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution into the corn kernels, uniformly stirring, storing at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 65-75%, and adding 0.1-0.5 g of the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract into each kilogram of corn kernels. The mildew-proof effects of the fresh corn kernels, the corn kernels with different water contents and the fresh corn cobs are verified respectively.
Example 2
Bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract for preventing and treating fresh kernel mildew
This example sets up 7 treatment groups, each group treated 3 replicates, each storing 200g fresh kernels, with no lipopeptide extract added as control. Accurately weighing 0.2-1.0g of Bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract, dissolving in sterile water, pouring into fresh corn kernels (with water content of 30-40%), stirring, storing in an incubator at 28 deg.C and 75% after the fresh corn kernels absorb water, and observing the mildew condition of corn every day. And (3) performing sensory evaluation on the mildew condition of the fresh corn kernels after standing for 30 days, wherein the sensory evaluation effect of the corn is referred to the national standard 'corn storage quality judgment rule' GB/T20570-one 2006.
The results of the experiment are shown in fig. 1, and the sensory evaluation of the fresh corn kernels after the lipopeptide extract treatment is shown in table 1 below. The greater the amount of added antimicrobial lipopeptide extract, the less the degree of mildew associated with fresh corn kernels. The control group (CK) and the corn kernels with the addition of 0.1g/kg of antimicrobial lipopeptide extract showed severe mildew after 7d and 9d, respectively, with obvious mildew odor; the addition amount of the antibacterial lipopeptide extract is 0.2g/kg of corn kernels for 20 days, moderate mildew occurs, and the corn kernels are accompanied by obvious mildew odor; the antibacterial lipopeptide extract still keeps good properties after the corn kernels are added for 30 days, wherein the addition amount of the antibacterial lipopeptide extract is 0.4g/kg and 0.5 g/kg. Therefore, after 0.4g/kg of antibacterial lipopeptide is added into the corn kernels, high-moisture corn mildew can be effectively prevented and treated.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003649573240000041
Figure BDA0003649573240000051
Example 3
Mildew-proof effect of antibacterial lipopeptide extract on corn kernels with different water contents
Weighing a proper amount of fresh corn kernels, controlling moisture at high temperature to prepare corns with different water contents (less than 15%, 15-25% and 25-35%), and weighing 100g of corns with different water contents in a preservation box for later use. The addition amount of the antibacterial lipopeptide extract of the bacillus subtilis is 0.4g/kg by taking no mildew preventive as a control. Dissolving antibacterial lipopeptide in water, adding into corn kernels, stirring, storing in an incubator at 28 deg.C and 75% humidity after corn absorbs water, and observing the mildew condition of corn every day. Performing sensory evaluation on the mildew condition of the corn kernels after standing for 30 days, wherein the sensory evaluation effect of the corn is referred to the national standard 'corn storage quality judgment rule' GB/T20570-plus 2006; the corn water content is determined according to the national standard GB/T21305-2007 determination of water content of grains and grain products.
The results of the experiments are shown in fig. 2, and the sensory evaluation after the treatment of the zealipopeptides with different moisture is shown in table 2 below. The control group without the addition of the mold preventive started to mildew on the kernels at 3-8 days, and the kernels became severely mildewed and overgrown with mold at 10 days, and part of the kernels became black and bad with a slight acid odor. The more moisture the corn kernels are, the earlier the mildew time is, and the more severe the mildew degree is. Under the same conditions, the corn kernels with the water content of more than 25-35% treated by adding the lipopeptide extract are slightly mildewed after 30 days, and the corn kernels with the water content of less than 25% are still not mildewed after 30 days. Thus, the corn kernels with the water content of less than 25 percent are treated by the lipopeptide extract to have the best effect of inhibiting the mold.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003649573240000052
Figure BDA0003649573240000061
Example 4
Antifungal effect of antibacterial lipopeptide extract on fresh corn cobs
Selecting a proper amount of fresh corn cobs with complete sizes, taking no mildew preventive as a reference, and adding the antibacterial lipopeptide extract of the bacillus subtilis at an amount of 0.4 g/kg. Weighing antibacterial lipopeptide extract, dissolving in water, uniformly coating on the surface of corn cob, standing, drying, placing into a sealing bag (pricking hole), storing in an incubator with temperature of 28 deg.C and humidity of 75% after corn absorbs water, and observing the mildew condition of corn every day. And (3) performing sensory evaluation on the mildew condition of the corn kernels after standing for 20 days, wherein the sensory evaluation effect of the corn is referred to the national standard 'corn storage quality judgment rule' GB/T20570-one 2006.
As shown in FIG. 3, the control corn cobs without the anti-mold agent began to mildew around 7d, while the corn cobs treated with lipopeptide extract showed loosening and blackening of individual corn kernels at 20d, and maintained good properties of corn as a whole. Therefore, the fresh corn cobs treated by the lipopeptide extract can effectively inhibit the growth of mold and reduce the risk of mildew of fresh corn in the early storage period.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The application of the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract is dissolved in sterile water to prepare a bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution, then the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract aqueous solution is added into corn kernels and uniformly stirred, the corn kernels are stored at the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 65% -75%, and 0.1-0.5 g of the bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract is added into each kilogram of corn kernels.
2. The use of a bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract according to claim 1 in corn storage, wherein the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract is prepared by the following process: and centrifuging the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor to obtain a fermentation supernatant, extracting the supernatant by using an ethanol-ammonium sulfate two-aqueous-phase system, desalting the extract liquor by using ethanol, drying and concentrating by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract.
3. The use of the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract in corn storage according to claim 2, wherein the fermentation medium used in the preparation of the bacillus subtilis fermentation broth contains the following components per liter: 10g of glucose, 10g of bovine bone peptone and K 2 HPO 4 4g/L、CaCl 2 0.2g/L、MgSO 4 0.4g/L, the balance being water, the pH of the fermentation medium being 7.0.
4. The use of a bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract in corn storage according to claim 2, wherein the ethanol-ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase system is: the mass fraction of ammonium sulfate is 20%, the volume fraction of ethanol is 35%, the pH value is 6.0, the temperature of aqueous two-phase extraction is 30 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
5. The use of a bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract according to claim 1 in corn storage, wherein: 0.4g of the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract is added into each kilogram of corn kernels.
6. The use of the bacillus subtilis antimicrobial lipopeptide extract in corn storage according to claim 2, wherein the rotary evaporator drying concentration process is performed at a temperature of 60 ℃ and a pressure of 0.1 Mpa.
CN202210539215.5A 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Application of bacillus subtilis antibacterial lipopeptide extract in corn storage Pending CN114931166A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1695458A (en) * 2005-03-28 2005-11-16 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 Application and preparation of antisepsis peptide of wilted hay bacilli
CN101724014A (en) * 2009-07-13 2010-06-09 江苏省农业科学院 Antibacterial lipopeptide of endophytic Bacillus subtilis and separation and purification method
CN103333828A (en) * 2013-06-27 2013-10-02 中国农业大学 Application of anti-mildew bacillus strain and antimicrobial product thereof in corn storage
CN106635929A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-05-10 河南工业大学 Bacillus subtilis strain and application of antifungal metabolite in grain storage
CN111705098A (en) * 2020-06-05 2020-09-25 庄国宏 Efficient production, separation and extraction method of antibacterial lipopeptide
CN113293110A (en) * 2021-06-01 2021-08-24 大连海象生物工程有限公司 Preparation method of antibacterial lipopeptide compound
CN113801186A (en) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-17 大连工业大学 Method for extracting lipopeptide compounds from bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1695458A (en) * 2005-03-28 2005-11-16 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 Application and preparation of antisepsis peptide of wilted hay bacilli
CN101724014A (en) * 2009-07-13 2010-06-09 江苏省农业科学院 Antibacterial lipopeptide of endophytic Bacillus subtilis and separation and purification method
CN103333828A (en) * 2013-06-27 2013-10-02 中国农业大学 Application of anti-mildew bacillus strain and antimicrobial product thereof in corn storage
CN106635929A (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-05-10 河南工业大学 Bacillus subtilis strain and application of antifungal metabolite in grain storage
CN111705098A (en) * 2020-06-05 2020-09-25 庄国宏 Efficient production, separation and extraction method of antibacterial lipopeptide
CN113293110A (en) * 2021-06-01 2021-08-24 大连海象生物工程有限公司 Preparation method of antibacterial lipopeptide compound
CN113801186A (en) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-17 大连工业大学 Method for extracting lipopeptide compounds from bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor

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