CN114924055B - Two-way angle adjustable three-dimensional physical similarity simulation experiment platform and experiment method thereof - Google Patents
Two-way angle adjustable three-dimensional physical similarity simulation experiment platform and experiment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical analog simulation experiment platform and an experiment method thereof comprise a base, a supporting frame, a vertical bracket and an experiment frame, wherein a rotary driving mechanism drives the experiment frame to rotate on the supporting frame, so that the rotation angle of the experiment frame on the supporting frame is changed to simulate the pseudo-inclined angle of a coal face; the base is provided with a horizontal sliding guide device, the vertical support is provided with a vertical sliding guide device, and the lifting driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the supporting frame to drive the supporting frame to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device and the vertical sliding guide device, so that the inclination angle of the experimental frame on the base is changed to simulate the true inclination angle of the coal face; a plurality of stress sensor mechanisms are arranged in the direction frame body, and the simulation of the coal seam is realized by adjusting the heights of the stress sensor mechanisms. The invention can simulate an inclination angle of 0-60 degrees, can simulate a pseudo-dip working surface, and solves the problem of establishing the pseudo-dip working surface on a common experimental platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of experimental tests of mining engineering and geotechnical engineering technologies, in particular to a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical analog simulation experimental platform and an experimental method thereof.
Background
In the underground construction site of mining engineering and geotechnical engineering, the technical analysis of the whole construction site is difficult due to the complex site environment and the large uncertainty factors, so that the aims of safe and efficient production are fulfilled. The physical similarity simulation experiment can effectively simulate the overall situation of the site, and a conclusion is obtained through a factor evolution method. However, most of the physical similar simulation experiment platforms in the prior art can only simulate horizontal or near-horizontal coal beds (rock formations), and the simulation materials and the monitoring means limit the physical similar simulation experiment platforms, so that the physical similar simulation experiment platforms have problems on the study of the internal deformation of the materials, stress parameters and surrounding rock structures of stope spaces.
Particularly, when a coal seam has a certain inclination angle and is mined in a pseudo-inclination manner, surrounding rock deformation and destruction rule simulation mostly adopts simplified model simulation: or simplifying the near-horizontal coal seam exploitation, or changing the pseudo-dip exploitation into true dip exploitation, etc., the mode can not truly restore the actual production conditions, thereby having certain influence on the pertinence and the accuracy of the research conclusion of the migration rule of the surrounding rock.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the invention provides a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform and an experiment method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problem that the physical simulation experiment platform in the prior art cannot truly restore the actual production conditions, so that the pertinence and the accuracy of the research conclusion of the migration rule of the surrounding rock are affected to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical similarity simulation experiment platform, which comprises a base, a supporting frame, a vertical bracket and an experiment frame, wherein:
the experimental frame comprises a chassis and a direction frame body fixedly arranged on the chassis, the chassis is arranged on the supporting frame and is in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism arranged on the supporting frame, and the rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the experimental frame to rotate on the supporting frame, so that the rotation angle of the experimental frame on the supporting frame is changed to simulate the pseudo-inclined angle of a coal face;
the vertical support is vertically arranged on one side of the base, a horizontal sliding guide device is arranged on the base, a vertical sliding guide device is arranged on the vertical support, the front side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the horizontal sliding guide device, the rear side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the vertical sliding guide device, a lifting driving mechanism is arranged on the vertical support, and is in transmission connection with the supporting frame and used for driving the supporting frame to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device and the vertical sliding guide device, so that the inclination angle of the experimental frame on the base is changed to simulate the true inclination angle of a coal face;
the experiment frame comprises an experiment frame body and is characterized in that a plurality of stress sensor mechanisms which are densely distributed on the chassis in a whole row are arranged in the direction frame body of the experiment frame body, the height of the top surface of each stress sensor mechanism is adjustable, a simulated coal bed is realized by adjusting the height of the stress sensor mechanism, and an upward observation hole is formed in the bottom of the stress sensor mechanism and used for observing the state of the simulated coal bed in an experiment.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the vertical support is of a portal frame structure, and is erected on one side of the base through two upright posts, and the tops of the two upright posts are connected with a cross beam; the vertical sliding guide device comprises two parallel cylindrical guide rods, each cylindrical guide rod is close to one upright column, the smooth moving guide device comprises two parallel sliding rails, the front side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the sliding rails through rollers, the rear side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the cylindrical guide rods through pulleys, and the two cylindrical guide rods and the two sliding rails are located on the left side and the right side of the supporting frame.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the lifting driving mechanism comprises a motor and two screw rods in transmission connection with the motor, the two screw rods are vertically arranged on the vertical support, nuts of the screw rods are connected with the supporting frame, and when the motor drives the screw rods of the screw rods to rotate, the supporting frame is driven to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device and the vertical sliding guide device.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, round holes corresponding to the observation holes of the stress sensor mechanism one by one are penetrated through the chassis, and the state of the simulated coal bed is observed in experiments through the round holes and the observation holes.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the stress sensor mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a wireless stress sensor, a bearing plate, a height adjusting screw and a locking screw, wherein the bottom plate and the top plate are respectively connected to the bottom and the top of the height adjusting screw, the wireless stress sensor is overlapped on the top surface of the top plate, the bearing plate is overlapped on the top surface of the wireless stress sensor, the observation hole is arranged on the bottom plate, and the locking screw passes through round holes on the observation hole and the chassis to fixedly connect the stress sensor mechanism with the chassis, and can be used for observing the state of a simulated coal bed in an experiment after the locking screw is removed.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, two sides of the height adjusting screw are respectively provided with a set of guide assemblies, each guide assembly comprises a guide sleeve and a guide rod which are in sleeve connection and matched, each guide sleeve is connected with the bottom plate, and each guide rod is connected with the top plate.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, a locking mechanism is further arranged between the supporting frame and the experimental frame, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the experimental frame on the supporting frame after the rotation angle is adjusted.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides an experimental method of a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical similarity simulation experiment platform, which includes the following steps:
1) The stress sensor mechanism is fixedly arranged in the direction frame body and is fixedly connected with the chassis, the inclination angle of the experimental frame is adjusted under the drive of the lifting driving mechanism so as to enable the experimental frame to reach a required true inclination angle, and the rotation angle of the experimental frame on the supporting frame is adjusted under the drive of the rotation driving mechanism so as to enable the experimental frame to reach a required false inclination angle;
2) Paving model materials above the simulated coal bed layer by layer on the top surface of the stress sensor mechanism according to experimental requirements to form a model, and naturally airing after the model is paved;
3) After the model is completely air-dried, simulating coal seam exploitation, leaving at least 20cm of protection coal pillars at four boundaries of the model, determining the position of a working face open-cut hole, the position of a roadway and the mining area range, simulating coal mining by using a simulated cutting tool, performing height adjustment on a force sensor mechanism according to preset propelling speed along the propelling direction from the open-cut hole to simulate the propelling of the coal seam, and observing the roof collapse rule of the area through an observation hole in the force sensor mechanism after the height of the force sensor mechanism is reduced.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the present invention, after the completion of step 2) and before the execution of step 3), the method further comprises the following steps:
calculating static load to be simulated of the model before the experiment starts, calculating stress of the overlying strata, placing a pad plate with the size equivalent to the top surface of the model above the model after naturally air-drying the surface of the model, and placing a counterweight with the corresponding weight on the pad plate according to the calculated stress to simulate the pressure of the overlying strata, wherein the adopted dead weight stress has the following calculation formula:
σ＝γH
wherein sigma is the dead weight stress of the overlying strata, gamma is the volume weight of the rock mass, and H is the thickness of the overlying strata.
Compared with the prior art, the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform and the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment method can easily finish simulation experiments of a nearly horizontal coal seam, a gently inclined coal seam, a large inclination angle and a part of extremely inclined coal seam, can simulate a pseudo-dip working surface, solve the problem of establishing the pseudo-dip working surface in a common experiment platform, design a lifting stress sensor mechanism attached to the experiment platform, and facilitate observation of the effect of a collapse roof on a bracket, the broken space size of a goaf roof, collapse accumulation form and the like through an observation hole preset in the stress sensor mechanism, effectively simplify the procedure of physical simulation experiment, effectively improve the safety coefficient, improve the scientificity and reliability of the experiment, and be used repeatedly; in addition, the invention satisfies the principle of simulation experiment similarity, greatly improves the accuracy of experimental results, and particularly can well solve the problem that the inclination angle of the traditional simulation experiment table is difficult to adjust.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a view angle provided by a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another view angle provided by the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front of the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of stress sensor mechanisms in an array within an experimental framework;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of 45 degree true rake adjustment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a 10 degree pseudo bevel angle adjustment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pseudo-tilt working surface;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the stress sensor mechanism.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a base, 2, a vertical support, 21, a motor, 22, a screw rod, 23, a vertical sliding guide device, 3, a supporting frame, 31, a horizontal sliding guide device, 4, an experimental frame, 41, a chassis, 42, a direction frame body, 5, a stress sensor mechanism, 51, a bottom plate, 52, a height adjusting screw rod, 53, a top plate, 54, a wireless stress sensor, 55, a bearing plate, 56, a guide rod, 57, a guide sleeve, 58, an observation hole, 59 and a locking screw rod.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" in the preferred embodiments are merely descriptive, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as the relative relationship changes or modifications may be otherwise deemed to be within the scope of the invention without substantial modification to the technical context.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the invention provides a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical similarity simulation experiment platform, which comprises a base 1, a supporting frame 3, a vertical bracket 2 and an experiment frame 4, wherein:
the experiment frame 4 comprises a chassis 41 and a direction frame 42 fixedly arranged on the chassis 41, the direction frame 42 is formed by encircling four baffles on the chassis 41, the dimensions of the experiment frame 4 are length multiplied by width multiplied by height (2000 mm multiplied by 1000 mm) in the example, the chassis 41 is rotatably arranged on the support frame 3 and is in transmission connection with a rotation driving mechanism arranged on the support frame 3, the rotation driving mechanism is used for driving the experiment frame 4 to perform rotation motion on the support frame 3, so that the rotation angle of the experiment frame 4 on the support frame 3 is changed to simulate the pseudo-inclination angle of a coal face, a locking mechanism is further arranged between the support frame 3 and the experiment frame 4, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the experiment frame 4 on the support frame 3 after the rotation angle is adjusted;
the vertical support 2 is erected on one side of the base 1, the vertical support 2 is of a portal frame structure, the vertical support 2 is erected on one side of the base 1 through two upright posts, and the tops of the two upright posts are connected with a cross beam; the base 1 is provided with a horizontal sliding guide device 31, the vertical support 2 is provided with a vertical sliding guide device 23, the front side of the supporting frame 3 is in sliding fit with the horizontal sliding guide device 31, the rear side of the supporting frame 3 is in sliding fit with the vertical sliding guide device 23, the vertical support 2 is provided with a lifting driving mechanism, and the lifting driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the supporting frame 3 and is used for driving the supporting frame 3 to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device 31 and the vertical sliding guide device 23, so that the inclination angle of the experimental frame 4 on the base 1 is changed to simulate the true inclination angle of a coal mining working surface;
the direction framework 42 of the experiment framework 4 is internally provided with 20 x 20 stress sensor mechanisms 5 which are densely distributed on the chassis 41 in an array manner, the height of the top surface of each stress sensor mechanism 5 is adjustable, a simulated coal bed is realized by adjusting the height of the stress sensor mechanism 5, the bottom of the stress sensor mechanism 5 is provided with an upward observation hole 58, the observation hole 58 is used for observing the state of the simulated coal bed in the experiment, wherein the adjustable range of the stress sensor mechanism 5 is 100mm-150mm, the stress sensor mechanism 5 is lifted to the corresponding height to simulate the coal bed, and the thickness of the simulated coal bed is 0-50mm.
In a specific implementation, the vertical sliding guide device 23 includes two parallel cylindrical guide rods, each cylindrical guide rod is close to one vertical column, the smooth moving guide device includes two parallel sliding rails, the front side of the supporting frame 3 is in sliding fit with the sliding rails through rollers, the rear side of the supporting frame 3 is in sliding fit with the cylindrical guide rods through pulleys, and the two cylindrical guide rods and the two sliding rails are located on the left side and the right side of the supporting frame 3.
The lifting driving mechanism comprises a motor 21 and two lead screws 22 in transmission connection with the motor 21, the two lead screws 22 are vertically arranged on the vertical support 2, nuts of the lead screws 22 are connected with the supporting frame 3, and when the lead screws of the lead screws 22 are driven to rotate by the motor 21, the supporting frame 3 is driven to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device 31 and the vertical sliding guide device 23. Here, the screw 22 includes a screw and a nut.
Preferably, the chassis 41 is provided with circular holes corresponding to the observation holes 58 of the stress sensor mechanism 5 one by one, and the state of the simulated coal seam is observed through the circular holes and the observation holes 58 in the experiment, and in a specific implementation, the observation can be realized by penetrating into the observation holes 58 by means of an endoscope. The stress sensor mechanism 5 comprises a bottom plate 51, a top plate 53, a wireless stress sensor 54, a bearing plate 55, a height adjusting screw 52 and a locking screw 59, wherein the bottom plate 51 and the top plate 53 are respectively connected to the bottom and the top of the height adjusting screw 52, the wireless stress sensor 54 is overlapped on the top surface of the top plate 53, the bearing plate 55 is overlapped on the top surface of the wireless stress sensor 54, an observation hole 58 is formed in the bottom plate 51, and the locking screw 59 penetrates through the observation hole 58 and round holes in the chassis 41 to fixedly connect the stress sensor mechanism 5 with the chassis 41, and can be used for observing the state of a simulated coal bed in an experiment after the locking screw 59 is detached.
In another implementation, a set of guide assemblies is respectively arranged at two sides of the height adjusting screw 52, the guide assemblies comprise a guide sleeve 57 and a guide rod 56 which are in sleeve connection and matched, the guide sleeve 57 is connected with the bottom plate 51, and the guide rod 56 is connected with the top plate 53.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical similarity simulation experimental platform, which comprises the following steps:
step 1), a stress sensor mechanism 5 is fixedly arranged in a direction frame 42 and fixedly connected with a chassis 41, the inclination angle of an experiment frame 4 is adjusted under the drive of a lifting driving mechanism so as to enable the experiment frame 4 to reach a required true inclination angle, and the rotation angle of the experiment frame 4 on a supporting frame 3 is adjusted under the drive of a rotation driving mechanism so as to enable the experiment frame 4 to reach a required false inclination angle;
in the concrete implementation, 20 x 20 stress sensor mechanisms 5 are used for being distributed and arranged according to an array to fill the whole bottom surface in the experimental frame 4, and the aim of simulating a coal seam is achieved by adjusting the heights of the stress sensor mechanisms 5; then the inclination angle of the working surface of the simulated coal bed is 45 degrees, the pseudo dip angle is 10 degrees, the experimental frame 4 is adjusted to be 45 degrees, the adjustment of the true inclination angle of the working surface is completed, as shown in fig. 4, the rotation angle of the experimental frame 4 on the supporting frame 3 is adjusted to be 10 degrees, the adjustment of the pseudo dip angle of the working surface is completed, as shown in fig. 5, at the moment, the preparation work before the experiment is completed, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the pseudo dip working surface.
Step 2), paving model materials above the simulated coal bed layer by layer on the top surface of the stress sensor mechanism 5 according to experimental requirements to form a model, and naturally airing after the model is paved, so that experiments can be carried out according to the experimental requirements;
preferably, in order to further improve the scientificity and reliability of the experiment, before performing the model paving in step 2), the angles of the coal strata, the thicknesses of all the layers and the arrangement mode of the working surfaces are determined according to corresponding geological data, corresponding proportional relations are determined, and the material proportions and thicknesses required by all the layers are calculated, so that the model paving is performed according to the determined proportions and thicknesses.
Step 3), because of the limitation of the size of the model, the model is laid and is difficult to simulate to the surface, and the weight of an un-simulated overlying strata is required to be complemented, specifically as follows;
calculating static load to be simulated of the model before the experiment starts, calculating stress of the overlying strata, placing a pad plate with the size equivalent to the top surface of the model above the model after naturally air-drying the surface of the model, and placing a counterweight with the corresponding weight on the pad plate according to the calculated stress to simulate the pressure of the overlying strata, wherein the adopted dead weight stress has the following calculation formula:
σ＝γH
wherein sigma is the dead weight stress of the overlying strata, gamma is the volume weight of the rock mass, and H is the thickness of the overlying strata.
Step 4) after the model is completely air-dried and the step 3) is completed, simulating coal seam exploitation, leaving at least 20cm protective coal pillars on four boundaries of the model to determine the position of a working face open-cut hole, the position of a roadway and the mining area range, simulating coal mining by using a simulated cutting tool, performing height adjustment on the force sensor mechanism 5 according to preset propelling speed along the propelling direction from the open-cut hole to simulate the propelling of the coal seam, wherein after the height of the force sensor mechanism 5 is reduced, the top surface has a migration rule, and observing the collapse rule of the regional top plate 53 through the observation holes 58 in the force sensor mechanism 5. It should be noted that the preset propulsion speed in the present application may be specifically set according to actual needs, which is not specifically described herein.
In one embodiment of the two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical analog simulation experiment platform, the length, width and height of the experimental area of the experimental frame 4 are 2000mm, 2000mm and 1000mm respectively, and the maximum inclination angle achieved by the experimental model is 60 degrees. In this example, the inclination angle of the coal seam is 45 degrees, the pseudo-inclination angle is 10 degrees, and the length of the true inclination angle working face is L True sense The length of the pseudo-inclined working surface is L Pseudo-type The height difference of the coal seam is H, and is calculated according to the following method:
actual dip angle of pseudo dip working face +.1:
L true sense ＝H/sin45°；
L Pseudo-type ＝L True sense /cos10°＝H/(sin45°×cos10°)；
∠1＝H/L Pseudo-type ＝arcsin(sin45°×cos10°)＜45°
It can be seen that the actual inclination angle of the working surface is smaller than 45 degrees, and the actual inclination angle of the coal seam is continuously reduced along with the increase of the pseudo-inclination angle, so that the inclination angle effect of the working surface can be effectively reduced.
The invention satisfies the principle of simulation experiment similarity, greatly improves the accuracy of experimental results, and particularly can well solve the problem that the inclination angle and the pseudo-inclination angle of the working face of the traditional simulation experiment table are difficult to adjust. In practical application, need not use the driving to hang, save the labour, factor of safety improves, reduces the usage space, and the experiment consumes time weak point, not only can carry out horizontal coal seam physical analog simulation experiment, can also build the physical analog simulation experiment of different coal seam inclination and pseudo-inclined working face, makes the physical analog simulation experiment coal seam inclination and pseudo-inclined working face arrange the realization easier.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely illustrative, and that many variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined only by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. Two-way angularly adjustable three-dimensional physical analog simulation experiment platform, its characterized in that includes base, braced frame, vertical support and experimental frame, wherein:
the experimental frame comprises a chassis and a direction frame body fixedly arranged on the chassis, the chassis is arranged on the supporting frame and is in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism arranged on the supporting frame, and the rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the experimental frame to rotate on the supporting frame, so that the rotation angle of the experimental frame on the supporting frame is changed to simulate the pseudo-inclined angle of a coal face;
the vertical support is vertically arranged on one side of the base, a horizontal sliding guide device is arranged on the base, a vertical sliding guide device is arranged on the vertical support, the front side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the horizontal sliding guide device, the rear side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the vertical sliding guide device, a lifting driving mechanism is arranged on the vertical support, and is in transmission connection with the supporting frame and used for driving the supporting frame to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device and the vertical sliding guide device, so that the inclination angle of the experimental frame on the base is changed to simulate the true inclination angle of a coal face;
the experiment frame comprises an experiment frame body and is characterized in that a plurality of stress sensor mechanisms which are densely distributed on the chassis in a whole row are arranged in the direction frame body of the experiment frame body, the height of the top surface of each stress sensor mechanism is adjustable, a simulated coal bed is realized by adjusting the height of the stress sensor mechanism, and an upward observation hole is formed in the bottom of the stress sensor mechanism and used for observing the state of the simulated coal bed in an experiment.
2. The two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform is characterized in that the vertical support is of a portal frame structure, the vertical support is erected on one side of the base through two upright posts, and the tops of the two upright posts are connected with a cross beam; the vertical sliding guide device comprises two parallel cylindrical guide rods, each cylindrical guide rod is close to one upright column, the smooth moving guide device comprises two parallel sliding rails, the front side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the sliding rails through rollers, the rear side of the supporting frame is in sliding fit with the cylindrical guide rods through pulleys, and the two cylindrical guide rods and the two sliding rails are located on the left side and the right side of the supporting frame.
3. The two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform according to claim 1, wherein the lifting driving mechanism comprises a motor and two lead screws in transmission connection with the motor, the two lead screws are vertically arranged on the vertical support, nuts of the lead screws are connected with the supporting frame, and when the lead screws of the lead screws are driven to rotate by the motor, the supporting frame is driven to move under the guidance of the horizontal sliding guide device and the vertical sliding guide device.
4. The two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform according to claim 1, wherein round holes corresponding to the observation holes of the stress sensor mechanism are penetrated through the chassis, and the state of the simulated coal bed is observed in the experiment through the round holes and the observation holes.
5. The two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical analog simulation experiment platform according to claim 4, wherein the stress sensor mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a wireless stress sensor, a bearing plate, a height adjusting screw and a locking screw, wherein the bottom plate and the top plate are respectively connected to the bottom and the top of the height adjusting screw, the wireless stress sensor is stacked on the top surface of the top plate, the bearing plate is stacked on the top surface of the wireless stress sensor, the observation hole is formed in the bottom plate, the locking screw penetrates through round holes in the observation hole and the chassis to fixedly connect the stress sensor mechanism with the chassis, and the locking screw is detached to be used for observing the state of the simulated coal seam in the experiment.
6. The two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform according to claim 5, wherein a set of guide assemblies are respectively arranged on two sides of the height-adjusting screw, each guide assembly comprises a guide sleeve and a guide rod which are in sleeve connection and matched, the guide sleeve is connected with the bottom plate, and the guide rod is connected with the top plate.
7. The two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical simulation experiment platform according to claim 1, wherein a locking mechanism is further arranged between the supporting frame and the experiment frame, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the experiment frame on the supporting frame after the rotation angle adjustment is completed.
8. An experimental method of a two-way angle-adjustable three-dimensional physical analogue simulation experiment platform according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps:
1) The stress sensor mechanism is fixedly arranged in the direction frame body and is fixedly connected with the chassis, the inclination angle of the experimental frame is adjusted under the drive of the lifting driving mechanism so as to enable the experimental frame to reach a required true inclination angle, and the rotation angle of the experimental frame on the supporting frame is adjusted under the drive of the rotation driving mechanism so as to enable the experimental frame to reach a required false inclination angle;
2) Paving model materials above the simulated coal bed layer by layer on the top surface of the stress sensor mechanism according to experimental requirements to form a model, and naturally airing after the model is paved;
3) After the model is completely air-dried, simulating coal seam exploitation, leaving at least 20cm of protection coal pillars at four boundaries of the model, determining the position of a working face open-cut hole, the position of a roadway and the mining area range, simulating coal mining by using a simulated cutting tool, performing height adjustment on a force sensor mechanism according to preset propelling speed along the propelling direction from the open-cut hole to simulate the propelling of the coal seam, and observing the roof collapse rule of the area through an observation hole in the force sensor mechanism after the height of the force sensor mechanism is reduced.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
calculating static load to be simulated of the model before the experiment starts, calculating stress of the overlying strata, placing a pad plate with the size equivalent to the top surface of the model above the model after naturally air-drying the surface of the model, and placing a counterweight with the corresponding weight on the pad plate according to the calculated stress to simulate the pressure of the overlying strata, wherein the adopted dead weight stress has the following calculation formula:
σ＝γH
wherein sigma is the dead weight stress of the overlying strata, gamma is the volume weight of the rock mass, and H is the thickness of the overlying strata.
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