CN104764617A - Forming simulation device for fold structure and test method - Google Patents
Forming simulation device for fold structure and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104764617A CN104764617A CN201510117867.XA CN201510117867A CN104764617A CN 104764617 A CN104764617 A CN 104764617A CN 201510117867 A CN201510117867 A CN 201510117867A CN 104764617 A CN104764617 A CN 104764617A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming simulation device for a fold structure and a test method. A tempered glass plate is arranged on the front end face of a test box body. Side push plates capable of moving along the test box body are arranged on the two sides in the test box body respectively, and an opening is formed in the top of the test box body. A strip-shaped hole serving as a guide rail is formed in the bottom of the test box body, a bottom baffle is arranged at the bottom of the test box body, and multiple supporting studs are arranged on the bottom baffle, penetrate into the strip-shaped hole, and can move in the strip-shaped hole. Bottom arc-shaped push plates or bottom plane push plates are arranged at the upper ends of the supporting studs. Thus, roadway stability is effectively analyzed; relevant parameters are provided for a forming mechanism and an evolution law of the fold structure, and more accurate parameters are provided for reasonable excavation and stability analysis of complicated coal seams, especially roadways with fold structure coal seams.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formation analogue means and test method of fold tectonic.
Background technology
Have the coal resources of significant proportion to compose in stratum to be stored within fold tectonic structure.The exploitation of coal resources, the meeting of utilization are inevitably subject to the impact of fold tectonic, much there is the control of field with "nine squares" by fold tectonic of extraction value, usually impulsion pressure is there is near fold tectonic, fold tectonic can affect again stress in coal bed intensity and mining engineering stability, thus bring certain difficulty to the exploitation in colliery, what this was serious govern colliery safe, efficient, develop in a healthy way.Thus the research of fold tectonic has very important practical significance to the production in colliery and safety, as: tunnel appropriate design, the reasonable benefit/risk exploitation in coal seam, colliery control rock burst, coal and gas prominent etc.But only certain progress is obtained in numerical simulation to fold district stress distribution and stability analysis, lack corresponding model test and study further.
Obtain people with model investigation surrouding rock deformation and Measures for Supporting generally to approve, much work has been carried out in model experiment method application both at home and abroad also in ground and mining engineering field, but complex geological structure model is mostly concentrated in FAULT MODEL, and fold tectonic model relates to very few.Fold model at present for engineering simulation is mostly that directly laying is shaping, and do not relate to its forming process, this and reality often differ very large.In fold tectonic formation, oil and the geology field model test to geologic-tectonic evolution process achieves certain achievement, can tension and compression model, the plane of simulated formation distortion cut draw model, plane cuts pressing mold type, quantized data and figure collection can be carried out to the stressed and distortion in experimentation.Have multi-functional composite force system in addition to drive, can realize the structural deformation under various dissimilar driving force effect, model is three-dimensional by 2 D extension.Also have and can carry out synsedimentary growth stratigraphic structure deformation simulative experiment, can fixing quantity rate of deformation and rate of sedimentation.But the model that does generally is not used in and carries out the such as engineering simulation such as roadway excavation or seam mining, the Experiments of Machanics analysis of engineering also should not be carried out with tectonic structure test platform.This obviously can not meet in laboratory for the research that the engineering analog simulations such as the roadway excavation in complex structure coal seam, seam mining and stability test thereof are analyzed.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the formation analogue means of a kind of fold tectonic provided by the invention and test method, to the prepared mechanical test analysis containing fold coal seam model, the roadway excavation and the seam mining that can be complex geological structure coal seam provide corresponding parameter.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention program comprises:
A kind of formation analogue means of fold tectonic, it comprises chamber main body, and wherein, the front end face of this chamber main body is provided with armourplate glass, both sides in chamber main body are respectively arranged with can along the thruster plate of chamber main body movement, and the top of chamber main body is opening; Chamber bottom part body offers the double bar hole doing guide rail, chamber bottom part body is configured with bottom baffle, this bottom baffle is furnished with multiple supporting studs, supporting studs penetrates in bar hole, and can move in bar hole, the upper end of supporting studs is configured with bottom arc push pedal or base plane push pedal; When prepared by fold tectonic, the upper end of supporting studs is configured with bottom arc push pedal, and two thruster plates move in opposite directions in chamber main body, and the top of chamber main body is that opening is in idle condition; When simulation test, the upper end of supporting studs is configured with base plane push pedal, and two thruster plates move in opposite directions in chamber main body, are furnished with top loading plate in opening, and top loading plate and base plate plane push pedal are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body.
Described formation analogue means, wherein, the both sides of above-mentioned chamber main body are respectively arranged with side board, multiple power transmission bolt has been evenly arranged between side board and corresponding thruster plate, side board, thruster plate are being provided with nut with power transmission bolt corresponding section, power transmission bolt penetrates in corresponding nut, and each power transmission bolt is all configured with Universal caster, and thruster plate moves with power transmission bolt.
Described formation analogue means, wherein, above-mentioned bottom baffle is provided with bar-shaped trough, and bar-shaped trough is identical with bar hole, and supporting studs is fixed on bottom baffle after arriving assigned address through bar hole and bar-shaped trough.
Described formation analogue means, wherein, the transverse sides of above-mentioned chamber bottom part body and longitudinal side of chamber main body side are provided with scale mark, and scale mark is for determining the position of supporting studs.
Described formation analogue means, wherein, each power transmission bolt and supporting studs is all configured with unidirectional buckle.
Use a test method for described formation analogue means, it comprises fold tectonic forming step, fold tectonic roadway excavation step and fold tectonic load step;
Fold tectonic forming step comprises:
According to actual geologic information, determine the similar proportion factor, Confirming model size, fold curvature and analog material, after choosing respective material, carry out layering tiling, coal seam is layered on centre, according to actual geologic information determination layering number and each layer thickness; Lay silicagel pad in chamber bottom part body, then above-mentioned material is laid in silicagel pad;
The formation analogue means laying above-mentioned material is positioned on twin shaft testing machine, two thruster plate move toward one another transverse shear stress above-mentioned materials, supporting studs drives bottom arc push pedal to move upward and longitudinally extrudes above-mentioned material, until when distortion reaches preset requirement, two thruster plates and bottom arc push pedal stop pressurizeing, formation model;
Then formation analogue means is taken out to be placed in vacuum drying chamber and dry, if when model needs to be prepared into standard boundary model, take out after its complete consolidation and carry out cutting and polishing; If when model does not need to be prepared into standard boundary model, filled with top equivalent material, after its complete consolidation, the silicagel pad on model top is taken out and form analogue means;
Fold tectonic roadway excavation step comprises:
Simulate roadway excavation before consolidation or in subsequent load as required, if excavation before model consolidation, then with the thin metal frame of hollow converted with heading sizes similar proportion, surface smear oil, insert the thin metal frame of hollow in needs excavation position, then the material in thin for hollow metal frame is drawn out the model obtaining needing to load; If excavation in loading after model consolidation, after model on-load pressure is stable, a rate of advance is controlled within limits and excavates stage by stage, continuing after voltage stabilizing after excavation position is dug through to load;
Fold tectonic load step comprises:
The above-mentioned model handled well is put back to and is formed in analogue means, and model up and down four end faces add silicagel pad, top loading plate is furnished with in the opening of chamber body top, synchronous is changed to base plane push pedal by the bottom arc push pedal in supporting studs, after formation analogue means is retracted twin shaft testing machine, choose loading scheme, two thruster plates are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body, top loading plate and base plate plane push pedal are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body, carry out engineering stress loading simulation, the deformation and failure of excavation position is surveyed with digital speckle and Experimental on acoustic emission, industrial camera carries out without interval shooting overall process, stress-strain relation can by the microcomputer record controlling twin shaft testing machine.
The formation analogue means of a kind of fold tectonic provided by the invention and test method, it is simple and reasonable, easy for operation, be easy to safeguard, can meet the needs of the various mechanical tests containing fold tectonic coal seam model, it can carry out the formation of structure simulation test containing fold coal seam, the compound motion of implementation model Bidirectional-squeezing and grand liter, its displacement and speed can reach accurate control, and model fold position, fold number and fold curvature also can be accurately controlled; Prepared model also can bear some strength, can carry out the engineering simulation such as roadway excavation, seam mining; Utilize this device also can carry out the various combined loading tests in model tunnel, thus Drift stability is made effectively analyze; Correlation parameter can not only be provided to fold tectonic Forming Mechanism and Evolution, but also especially provide parameter more accurately containing in the tunnel Rational Excavation in fold tectonic coal seam and stability analysis at complicated seam.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation forming analogue means in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that in the present invention, paver has the formation analogue means of material;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation forming analogue means that in the present invention, fold tectonic forms simulation;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation forming analogue means of fold tectonic model loading in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of fold tectonic model stability test in the present invention;
Wherein, 1-chamber main body; 2-thruster plate; 3-side board; The arc push pedal of 4-bottom; 5-bottom baffle; 6-power transmission bolt; 7-bar hole; 8-Universal caster; 9-unidirectional buckle; 10-bar-shaped trough; 11-silicagel pad; The push pedal of 12-base plane; 13-top loading plate; 14-opening; 15-supporting studs; 16-nut; 17-excavation position.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of formation analogue means and test method of fold tectonic, for making object of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearly, clearly, the present invention is described in more detail below.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of formation analogue means of fold tectonic, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it comprises chamber main body 1, chamber main body 1 entirety is rectangular structure, formed by 5mm Plate Welding, front end face hollow only surrounding leaves the distance of 15mm, tempering transparency glass plate can be inserted, namely the front end face of this chamber main body 1 is provided with armourplate glass, both sides in chamber main body 1 are respectively arranged with can along the thruster plate 2 of chamber main body 1 movement, and the top of chamber main body 1 is opening; The double bar hole 7 doing guide rail is offered bottom chamber main body 1, bottom baffle 5 is configured with bottom chamber main body 1, this bottom baffle 5 is furnished with multiple supporting studs 15, supporting studs 15 penetrates in bar hole 7, and can move in bar hole 7, that is multiple supporting studs 15 is by mobile in bar hole 7, and the upper end of supporting studs 15 is configured with bottom arc push pedal 4 or base plane push pedal 12; When prepared by fold tectonic, the upper end of supporting studs 15 is configured with bottom arc push pedal 4, two thruster plates 2 and moves in opposite directions in chamber main body 1, and the top of chamber main body 1 is that opening 14 is in idle condition; When simulation test, the upper end of supporting studs 15 is configured with base plane push pedal 12, two thruster plates 2 move in opposite directions in chamber main body 1, are furnished with top loading plate 13 in opening 14, and top loading plate 13 and base plate plane push pedal 12 are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body 1.Be connected with thruster plate 2, this bottom baffle 5 as by the horizontal addload system of twin shaft testing machine, vertically loading system, control thruster plate 2 in the horizontal direction, bottom baffle 5 in the vertical direction moves, and then can control the fold number of fold tectonic, fold position and fold curvature.
Further, the both sides of above-mentioned chamber main body 1 are respectively arranged with side board 3, multiple power transmission bolt 6 has been evenly arranged between side board 3 and corresponding thruster plate 2, side board 3, thruster plate 2 are being provided with nut 16 with power transmission bolt 6 corresponding section, and power transmission bolt 6 penetrates in corresponding nut 16, and nut 16 welds on side board 3, Universal caster 8 is all configured with at each power transmission bolt 6, thruster plate 2 moves with power transmission bolt 6, two thruster plate 2 move toward one another, extrusion mode.
And above-mentioned bottom baffle 5 is provided with bar-shaped trough 10, and bar-shaped trough 10 is identical with bar hole 7, supporting studs 15 is fixed on bottom baffle 5 after arriving assigned address through bar hole 7 and bar-shaped trough 10.Supporting studs 15 also can adopt the technical approach identical with power transmission bolt 6, and such as supporting studs 15 configures the parts such as nut, Universal caster.Longitudinal side of the transverse sides bottom chamber main body 1 and chamber main body 1 side is provided with scale mark, scale mark for determining the shift position of supporting studs 15 and thruster plate 2, thus achieves the motion track precisely controlling supporting studs 15 and thruster plate 2.And each power transmission bolt 6 and supporting studs 15 are all configured with unidirectional buckle 9, for the position of fixing force transfer bolt 6 with supporting studs 15.
Bottom arc push pedal 4 controls fold curvature according to different radians, and base plane push pedal 12 is for load test.Bottom arc push pedal 4 can be moved on bar hole 7, and its position and number need to select according to test.Supporting studs 15 can be made to pass through and use the bottom that bottom baffle 5 is fixed on chamber main body 1 by corresponding nut at any time, make it to promote chamber main body 1 relative test box main body 1 inner top loading plate 13 to move, make model deformation more be tending towards synchronous by level with vertical extruding.Model tunnel also can make model either side push pedal 2 or bottom baffle 5 stop pressurization at any time in load test, realizes multiple loading scheme.
Present invention also offers a kind of test method using described formation analogue means, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it comprises fold tectonic forming step, fold tectonic roadway excavation step and fold tectonic load step;
Fold tectonic forming step comprises:
According to actual geologic information, determine the similar proportion factor, Confirming model size, fold curvature and analog material, after choosing respective material, carry out layering tiling, coal seam is layered on centre, according to actual geologic information determination layering number and each layer thickness; Bottom chamber main body 1, lay silicagel pad 11, then above-mentioned material is laid in silicagel pad 11;
The formation analogue means laying above-mentioned material is positioned on twin shaft testing machine, two thruster plate 2 move toward one another transverse shear stress above-mentioned materials, supporting studs 15 drives bottom arc push pedal 4 to move upward and longitudinally extrudes above-mentioned material, until when distortion reaches preset requirement, two thruster plates 2 stop pressurizeing with bottom arc push pedal 4, formation model;
Then formation analogue means is taken out to be placed in vacuum drying chamber and dry, if when model needs to be prepared into standard boundary model, take out after its complete consolidation and carry out cutting and polishing; If when model does not need to be prepared into standard boundary model, filled with top equivalent material, after its complete consolidation, the silicagel pad 11 on model top is taken out;
Form analogue means fold tectonic roadway excavation step to comprise:
Simulate roadway excavation before consolidation or in subsequent load as required, if excavation before model consolidation, then with the thin metal frame of hollow converted with heading sizes similar proportion, surface smear oil, insert the thin metal frame of hollow in needs excavation position 17, then the material in thin for hollow metal frame is drawn out the model obtaining needing to load; If excavation in loading after model consolidation, after model on-load pressure is stable, a rate of advance is controlled within limits and excavates stage by stage, continuing after voltage stabilizing after excavation position 17 is dug through to load;
Fold tectonic load step comprises:
The above-mentioned model handled well is put back to and is formed in analogue means, and model up and down four end faces add silicagel pad 11, top loading plate 13 is furnished with in the opening 14 at chamber main body 1 top, synchronous is changed to base plane push pedal 12 by the bottom arc push pedal 4 in supporting studs 15, after formation analogue means is retracted twin shaft testing machine, choose loading scheme, two thruster plates 2 are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body 1, top loading plate 13 and base plate plane push pedal 12 are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body 1, carry out engineering stress loading simulation, the deformation and failure of excavation position is surveyed with digital speckle and Experimental on acoustic emission, industrial camera carries out without interval shooting overall process, stress-strain relation can by the microcomputer record controlling twin shaft testing machine.
Form model prepared by analogue means in use the present invention and also can bear some strength, can the engineering simulation such as roadway excavation, seam mining be carried out; Utilize this device also can carry out the various combined loading tests in model tunnel, thus Drift stability is made effectively analyze; Correlation parameter can not only be provided to fold tectonic Forming Mechanism and Evolution, but also especially provide parameter more accurately containing in the tunnel Rational Excavation in fold tectonic coal seam and stability analysis at complicated seam.
Certainly; more than illustrate and be only preferred embodiment of the present invention; the present invention is not limited to enumerate above-described embodiment; should be noted that; any those of ordinary skill in the art are under the instruction of this instructions; made all equivalently to substitute, obvious form of distortion, within the essential scope all dropping on this instructions, protection of the present invention ought to be subject to.
Claims (6)
1. the formation analogue means of a fold tectonic, it comprises chamber main body, it is characterized in that, the front end face of this chamber main body is provided with armourplate glass, both sides in chamber main body are respectively arranged with can along the thruster plate of chamber main body movement, and the top of chamber main body is opening; Chamber bottom part body offers the double bar hole doing guide rail, chamber bottom part body is configured with bottom baffle, this bottom baffle is furnished with multiple supporting studs, supporting studs penetrates in bar hole, and can move in bar hole, the upper end of supporting studs is configured with bottom arc push pedal or base plane push pedal; When prepared by fold tectonic, the upper end of supporting studs is configured with bottom arc push pedal, and two thruster plates move in opposite directions in chamber main body, and the top of chamber main body is that opening is in idle condition; When simulation test, the upper end of supporting studs is configured with base plane push pedal, and two thruster plates move in opposite directions in chamber main body, are furnished with top loading plate in opening, and top loading plate and base plate plane push pedal are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body.
2. formation analogue means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the both sides of above-mentioned chamber main body are respectively arranged with side board, multiple power transmission bolt has been evenly arranged between side board and corresponding thruster plate, side board, thruster plate are being provided with nut with power transmission bolt corresponding section, power transmission bolt penetrates in corresponding nut, and each power transmission bolt is all configured with Universal caster, and thruster plate moves with power transmission bolt.
3. formation analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, above-mentioned bottom baffle is provided with bar-shaped trough, and bar-shaped trough is identical with bar hole, and supporting studs is fixed on bottom baffle after arriving assigned address through bar hole and bar-shaped trough.
4. formation analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the transverse sides of above-mentioned chamber bottom part body and longitudinal side of chamber main body side are provided with scale mark, and scale mark is for determining the position of supporting studs.
5. formation analogue means according to claim 2, is characterized in that, each power transmission bolt and supporting studs are all configured with unidirectional buckle.
6. use the test method forming analogue means as claimed in claim 1, it comprises fold tectonic forming step, fold tectonic roadway excavation step and fold tectonic load step;
Fold tectonic forming step comprises:
According to actual geologic information, determine the similar proportion factor, Confirming model size, fold curvature and analog material, after choosing respective material, carry out layering tiling, coal seam is layered on centre, according to actual geologic information determination layering number and each layer thickness; Lay silicagel pad in chamber bottom part body, then above-mentioned material is laid in silicagel pad;
The formation analogue means laying above-mentioned material is positioned on twin shaft testing machine, two thruster plate move toward one another transverse shear stress above-mentioned materials, supporting studs drives bottom arc push pedal to move upward and longitudinally extrudes above-mentioned material, until when distortion reaches preset requirement, two thruster plates and bottom arc push pedal stop pressurizeing, formation model;
Then formation analogue means is taken out to be placed in vacuum drying chamber and dry, if when model needs to be prepared into standard boundary model, take out after its complete consolidation and carry out cutting and polishing; If when model does not need to be prepared into standard boundary model, filled with top equivalent material, after its complete consolidation, the silicagel pad on model top is taken out;
Fold tectonic roadway excavation step comprises:
Simulate roadway excavation before consolidation or in subsequent load as required, if excavation before model consolidation, then with the thin metal frame of hollow converted with heading sizes similar proportion, surface smear oil, insert the thin metal frame of hollow in needs excavation position, then the material in thin for hollow metal frame is drawn out the model obtaining needing to load; If excavation in loading after model consolidation, after model on-load pressure is stable, a rate of advance is controlled within limits and excavates stage by stage, continuing after voltage stabilizing after excavation position is dug through to load;
Fold tectonic load step comprises:
The above-mentioned model handled well is put back to and is formed in analogue means, and model up and down four end faces add silicagel pad, top loading plate is furnished with in the opening of chamber body top, synchronous is changed to base plane push pedal by the bottom arc push pedal in supporting studs, after formation analogue means is retracted twin shaft testing machine, choose loading scheme, two thruster plates are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body, top loading plate and base plate plane push pedal are moved in opposite directions in chamber main body, carry out engineering stress loading simulation, the deformation and failure of excavation position is surveyed with digital speckle and Experimental on acoustic emission, industrial camera carries out without interval shooting overall process, stress-strain relation can by the microcomputer record controlling twin shaft testing machine.
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| CN201510117867.XA CN104764617B (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2015-03-18 | Forming simulation device for fold structure and test method |
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| CN108106762A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | 3D printing elastooptic mateiral and the method for simulation loading back dart transverse stress distribution |
| CN109709307A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-05-03 | 河海大学 | A kind of irregular obstacle body condition Equivalent Materials Testing device and method |
| CN111812022A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆大学 | Coal rock three-dimensional strain field visualization system and method under complex geological structure |
| CN111811955A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 西安科技大学 | Similar simulation test device and method based on curvature deformation |
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| CN111811955A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 西安科技大学 | Similar simulation test device and method based on curvature deformation |
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