CN114917269A - External hemostatic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/04—Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents
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- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
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Abstract
The invention relates to an external hemostatic and a preparation method thereof. The invention creatively discovers that the single cowherb seed has obvious hemostatic effect and high safety, and compared with a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation, the external hemostatic has simpler components, simpler preparation process and more prominent economic effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, relates to an external hemostatic and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to an external hemostatic with simple composition, low cost, high safety and remarkable hemostatic effect and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Traumatic hemorrhage is an unavoidable injury in daily life of people, is commonly seen in incised wound, stabbing wound, gunshot wound, rolling wound and the like, seriously often endangers the life of a patient, and if the patient is not rescued in time, hemorrhagic shock can occur, even death can occur. In the war, timely hemostasis and treatment play a key role in reducing the casualty rate and improving the treatment level of war injury. In peace period, the efficient hemostatic can also reduce the injury of common people due to blood loss of wounds. Therefore, the method for stopping bleeding which is simple and rapid and can effectively prevent bleeding is of great significance to reduce the disability and the casualty of life organisms.
At present, extensive research on excellent hemostatic agents is carried out at home and abroad, wherein the novel porous hemostatic agents and nano materials are the research hotspots at present, and comprise polysaccharides, zeolites, wollastonite, liposomes, nanoparticles, self-assembled nano peptides, nano fibers and the like, but the novel porous hemostatic agents and the nano materials have defects in many aspects. For example, the water absorption process of zeolite hemostats is an exothermic reaction and can only be used for hemostasis for a short period of time when no alternative hemostat is available; polysaccharide hemostats generally have only a simple hemostatic effect; chitosan is not suitable for internal bleeding hemostasis; the safety of the nano material is not very clear, and the like.
In the aspect of traditional Chinese medicine hemostasis, single traditional Chinese medicines (circium japonicum, herba cepbalanoplosis segeti, carbonized human hair and the like) and traditional Chinese medicine formulas (Shi Hui san, sophora flower powder and the like) have better curative effects in the aspect of treating hemorrhagic diseases. However, some traditional Chinese medicine preparations have relatively complex components, high preparation process requirements, high cost, limited application wound types, safety problems and the like.
CN102961510B discloses a wound-treating hemostatic and a preparation process thereof, which comprises the following main medicines of Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of baeckea frutescens, 10-30 parts of callicarpa pedunculata, 10-30 parts of common rue herb, 10-30 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 10-30 parts of herba chenopodii and 10-30 parts of Japanese thistle herb. The medicinal composition is mainly prepared from the main medicines of Baeckea frutescens, callicarpa bigelovii, herba violae, herba cirsii jeponici, herba chenopodii and hairyvein agrimoniae which have the main effects of stopping bleeding and relieving pain, the auxiliary medicines of straw, pittosporum tobira, pseudofructus toosendan and lemon eucalyptus leaves which have the main effects of diminishing inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration, and the auxiliary medicines of the medicinal composition can be used for assisting in removing blood stasis and promoting tissue regeneration, and promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals of the major spider, the minor spider and the diatherminium. The finished product is prepared by the working procedures of crushing, sieving, drying, stirring and the like. Although the traditional Chinese medicine prescription has a good hemostatic effect, the prescription components are relatively complex, and the preparation process is relatively complicated.
CN1142383A discloses an external use medicine for wound hemostasis, sealing and granulation promotion, which is a powder prepared by stir-frying shelled longan seeds to brown and grinding, and the powder can be applied to the wound or attached to a disinfection wound plaster for use. The medicine is a single medicine, has wide medicine source and simple preparation process, is more economical and practical than the prior hemostatic medicines, and has good curative effect.
In the prior art, the external traditional Chinese medicine preparation for wound hemostasis is more, but is more economical and practical, and single medicine with good curative effect is still fresh and few, so that the external hemostatic which is simpler in composition, low in cost, high in safety and remarkable in hemostatic effect needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an external hemostatic and a preparation method thereof, and the external hemostatic and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of simple composition, low cost, high safety and remarkable hemostatic effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an external hemostatic, which comprises a single Chinese medicine cowherb seed.
The semen Vaccariae is dry mature seed of Vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke of Caryophyllaceae. Collecting plants when fruits are mature and fruit peel is not cracked in summer, drying in the sun, seeding, removing impurities, and drying in the sun. Has effects of promoting blood circulation, dredging channels, promoting lactation, relieving swelling, inducing diuresis, and treating stranguria.
Compared with the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation, the externally applied hemostatic medicine has simpler components, simpler preparation process and more prominent economic effect, and can be applied to pyogenic infected wounds.
Preferably, the cowherb seed is processed by charcoal making.
The invention also creatively discovers that the hemostatic effect of the seed of cowherb after the carbon preparation treatment is obviously improved compared with that of the raw seed of cowherb.
Preferably, the charcoal making treatment mode is baking treatment.
The preparation method of the cowherb seed is various, the common method is stir-frying, and the specific operation mode comprises the steps of taking the clean cowherb seed, putting the cowherb seed into a hot pot, stir-frying with medium fire until most of the cowherb seed is exploded into white flowers, taking out the cowherb seed and cooling the cowherb seed, wherein the standard of stir-frying is that more than 80 percent of people with complete flower explosion are preferred. However, the research of the invention finds that the roasted cowherb seed has more remarkable hemostatic effect compared with the cowherb seed prepared by a frying method, and the cowherb seed is scorched on the surface of the cowherb seed and is not exploded.
Preferably, the dosage form of the external hemostatics comprises powder, ointment, solution, aerosol, spray and patch.
Preferably, the external hemostat also comprises a pharmaceutic adjuvant; the pharmaceutic adjuvant comprises any one or the combination of at least two of excipient, solvent, colorant, adhesive, filler, lubricant, preservative, suspending agent, pH value regulator or buffering agent.
The external hemostatic medicament can be used under the condition of not adding any pharmaceutical auxiliary material, and can be matched with other pharmaceutical auxiliary materials to be prepared into external preparations such as ointment, solution, aerosol, spray and patch for use, so that the external hemostatic medicament has wide application.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the hemostatic for external use according to the first aspect, the method comprising: processing semen Vaccariae with charcoal, pulverizing, and making into preparation.
Preferably, the carbon preparation treatment comprises the following steps: subjecting the crude product of semen Vaccariae to staged baking treatment, wherein the baking temperature is raised from room temperature to 220-; and maintaining for 3-8min, such as 3min, 3.5min, 4min, 4.5min, 5min, 5.5min, 6min, 6.5min, 7min, 7.5min, 8min, etc.
Preferably, the carbon preparation treatment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the step-wise baking of the crude cowherb seed for 3-8min at a temperature of 230-250 deg.C from 10-40 deg.C (such as 10 deg.C, 12 deg.C, 15 deg.C, 18 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 22 deg.C, 25 deg.C, 27 deg.C, 30 deg.C, 32 deg.C, 35 deg.C, 37 deg.C, 40 deg.C).
The product obtained by the specific charcoal making procedure has more obvious hemostatic effect.
Other specific values within the above ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the temperature rise comprises a first temperature rise, a second temperature rise and a third temperature rise;
the primary heating is carried out at a temperature of 80-120 deg.C (e.g. 80 deg.C, 85 deg.C, 90 deg.C, 95 deg.C, 100 deg.C, 105 deg.C, 110 deg.C, 120 deg.C, etc.) from room temperature (e.g. 10 deg.C, 15 deg.C, 18 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 25 deg.C, 30 deg.C, 35 deg.C, 40 deg.C, etc.), and at a heating rate of 8-12 deg.C/min (e.g. 8 deg.C/min, 9 deg.C/min, 10 deg.C/min, 11 deg.C/min, 12 deg.C/min, etc.);
the secondary heating is carried out at a temperature of from 80 to 120 ℃ (e.g., 80 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 95 ℃, 100 ℃, 105 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, etc.) to 180 ℃ to 210 ℃ (e.g., 180 ℃, 185 ℃, 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 210 ℃, etc.), and the heating rate is 2 to 5 ℃/min (e.g., 2 ℃/min, 3 ℃/min, 3.5 ℃/min, 4 ℃/min, 5 ℃/min, etc.);
the third temperature rise is from 180 ℃ to 210 ℃ (e.g., 180 ℃, 185 ℃, 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 210 ℃, etc.) to 220 ℃ to 260 ℃ (e.g., 220 ℃, 225 ℃, 230 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃, 260 ℃, etc.), and the temperature rise rate is 1.2-2 ℃/min (e.g., 1.2 ℃/min, 1.4 ℃/min, 1.6 ℃/min, 1.8 ℃/min, 2.0 ℃/min, etc.).
Other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Further preferably, the temperature rise comprises a first temperature rise, a second temperature rise and a third temperature rise;
the temperature is raised from 10-40 ℃ to 90-110 ℃ at the first temperature rise speed of 8-12 ℃/min;
the secondary heating is carried out from 90-110 ℃ to 190-200 ℃, and the heating speed is 2-5 ℃/min;
the temperature of the third heating is increased from 190-200 ℃ to 230-250 ℃, and the heating speed is 1.4-1.8 ℃/min.
The temperature is raised according to the specific temperature raising program, and the obtained product has more remarkable hemostatic effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention creatively discovers that the single cowherb seed has obvious hemostatic effect and high safety, and compared with a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation, the external hemostatic has simpler components, simpler preparation process and more prominent economic effect. The invention also creatively discovers that the hemostatic effect of the cowherb seed after the carbonizing treatment is obviously improved compared with that of the raw cowherb seed. Compared with stir-frying processing, the roasted cowherb seed has more remarkable hemostatic effect, and the cowherb seed is dark brown on the surface and yellow inside and does not explode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of a seed of cowherb after a carbonizing treatment;
FIG. 2 is an external view of the hemostatic for external use of cowherb seed according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
The raw cowherb seed products related to the following examples are purchased from traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces limited company of Chufeng in Hebei; the test mice are SPF-grade KM mice, the weight of which is 19-24g, and the test mice are purchased from the centers of medical experimental animals in Guangdong province.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charcoal making treatment on the cowherb seed crude product by using an oven, wherein the specific baking procedure is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 10 ℃/min; then raising the temperature from 100 ℃ to 200 ℃, wherein the temperature raising speed is 3.3 ℃/min, then raising the temperature from 200 ℃ to 240 ℃, wherein the temperature raising speed is 1.6 ℃/min, and finally keeping the temperature at 240 ℃ for 5 min; naturally cooling, wherein the appearance is as shown in figure 1, the surface is scorched black, and the interior is scorched yellow; and finally crushing and sieving by a No. seven sieve to obtain the external hemostatic, wherein the appearance of the external hemostatic is shown in figure 2.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charcoal making treatment on the cowherb seed crude product by using an oven, wherein the specific baking procedure is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 10 ℃/min; then heating from 100 ℃ to 200 ℃ at the heating speed of 3.3 ℃/min; then heating from 200 ℃ to 250 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 1.4 ℃/min, and keeping at 250 ℃ for 3.5 min; naturally cooling; and finally crushing and sieving by a No. seven sieve to obtain the external hemostatic.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charcoal making treatment on the cowherb seed crude product by using an oven, wherein the specific baking procedure is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 10 ℃/min; then heating from 100 ℃ to 200 ℃ at the heating speed of 3.3 ℃/min; then raising the temperature from 200 ℃ to 230 ℃, wherein the temperature raising speed is 1.8 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 230 ℃ for 7 min; naturally cooling; and finally crushing and sieving by a No. seven sieve to obtain the external hemostatic.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charcoal making treatment on the cowherb seed crude product by using an oven, wherein the specific baking procedure is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 10 ℃/min; then heating from 100 ℃ to 200 ℃ at the heating speed of 3.3 ℃/min; then heating from 200 ℃ to 220 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 2 ℃/min, and keeping at 220 ℃ for 3 min; naturally cooling; and finally crushing and sieving by a No. seven sieve to obtain the external hemostatic.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charcoal making treatment on the crude cowherb seeds by using an oven, wherein the specific baking procedure is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 10 ℃/min; then raising the temperature from 100 ℃ to 200 ℃, wherein the temperature raising speed is 3.3 ℃/min; then heating from 200 ℃ to 260 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 1.2 ℃/min, and keeping at 260 ℃ for 8 min; naturally cooling; and finally crushing and sieving by a No. seven sieve to obtain the external hemostatic.
Example 6
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out charcoal making treatment on the cowherb seed crude product by using an oven, wherein the specific baking procedure is as follows: directly standing at 240 deg.C for 5 min; naturally cooling; and finally crushing and sieving by a No. seven sieve to obtain the external hemostatic.
Example 7
The embodiment provides an external hemostatic which is prepared by the following steps:
the crude cowherb seed is processed by a stir-frying method, and the specific mode is as follows: taking a proper amount of the crude cowherb seed, putting the crude cowherb seed into a frying container, frying the cowherb seed with medium fire until most of the cowherb seed is exploded to white flower, and the cowherb seed is in a spherical-like shape, white in surface and crisp in quality.
Test example 1
The medicinal powders prepared in examples 1 to 7 were subjected to evaluation of ordinary wound hemostatic effect, and a normal control group, a Yunnan white drug positive control group and a cowherb seed crude product group were added to 10 groups, and 10 mice were tested per group.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps:
(1) molding: the mouse is placed in a mouse fixing cylinder and is transversely cut from the tail tip at the position of 1cm, so that a mouse tail-broken bleeding model is formed.
(2) Administration: the administration is carried out by naturally adhering the medicinal powder to the broken end of the tail of an animal, providing 0.2g medicinal powder for each animal, and inserting the broken end of the tail into the medicinal powder to naturally adhere the medicinal powder.
(3) And (4) observation: taking out the tail after 90s, adsorbing the blood drop by using filter paper, observing bleeding conditions, adsorbing the blood drop by using the filter paper for 1 time every 20s, and stopping timing if no blood exudation at the broken end of the tail is observed and no obvious blood stain is generated when the blood drop is printed and absorbed by using the filter paper. The time from the artificial wound formation to the bleeding stop was used as the mouse hemostatic time (BT).
The statistical results are shown in table 1:
table 1 hemostatic effect evaluation of test drugs hemostatic time results (s,
)
note: the normal control group had 1 outlier (SPSS 21.0 showed the value to be greater than 3 standard deviations) and was therefore rejected. Compared with the normal control group: p <0.05, P < 0.01.
The results show that the external hemostatic of the present invention has a remarkable hemostatic effect, and the hemostatic effect of the sample of example 1 is the best as compared with the other samples of examples.
The applicant states that the present invention is described by the above examples to describe the external hemostatic and the method for preparing the same, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e., it is not meant that the present invention is implemented only by the above examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (10)
1. The externally applied hemostatic is characterized by comprising a single Chinese medicine of cowherb seed.
2. The external hemostat according to claim 1, wherein the cowherb seed is charcoal-processed cowherb seed.
3. The hemostatic drug for external use according to claim 2, wherein the carbonizing treatment is baking treatment.
4. The hemostatic agent for external use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dosage form of the hemostatic agent for external use comprises powder, ointment, solution, aerosol, spray, patch.
5. The hemostatic agent for external use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient; the pharmaceutic adjuvant comprises any one or the combination of at least two of excipient, solvent, colorant, adhesive, filler, lubricant, preservative, suspending agent, pH value regulator or buffering agent.
6. The method for producing the hemostatic for external use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises: processing semen Vaccariae with charcoal, pulverizing and making into preparation.
7. The method for preparing a hemostatic for external use according to claim 6, wherein the carbonizing process comprises: the crude cowherb seed product is subjected to staged baking treatment, the baking temperature is increased from room temperature to 220 ℃ and 260 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3-8 min.
8. The method for preparing a hemostatic for external use according to claim 7, wherein the carbonizing treatment is: the crude cowherb seed is baked in stages, the baking temperature is increased from 10-40 ℃ to 230-250 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 3-8 min.
9. The method for preparing a hemostatic for external use according to claim 8, wherein the temperature elevation includes a primary temperature elevation, a secondary temperature elevation, and a tertiary temperature elevation;
the temperature is raised to 80-120 ℃ from room temperature at the first time, and the temperature raising speed is 8-12 ℃/min;
the secondary heating is carried out from 80-120 ℃ to 180-210 ℃, and the heating speed is 2-5 ℃/min;
the temperature of the third heating is increased from 210 ℃ at 180 ℃ to 260 ℃ at 220 ℃ at the heating speed of 1.2-2 ℃/min.
10. The method for preparing a hemostatic for external use according to claim 9, wherein the temperature elevation includes a primary temperature elevation, a secondary temperature elevation, and a tertiary temperature elevation;
the temperature is raised from 10-40 ℃ to 90-110 ℃ at the first time, and the temperature raising speed is 8-12 ℃/min;
the secondary heating is carried out from 90-110 ℃ to 190-200 ℃, and the heating speed is 2-5 ℃/min;
the temperature of the third heating is raised from 190 ℃ to 200 ℃ to 230 ℃ to 250 ℃ at the heating speed of 1.4-1.8 ℃/min.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103519338A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Three-stage type baking method |
| CN104940270A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 亳州市永刚饮片厂有限公司 | Processing method of semen vaccariae slices |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103519338A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-22 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Three-stage type baking method |
| CN104940270A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 亳州市永刚饮片厂有限公司 | Processing method of semen vaccariae slices |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 顾维超总主编；顾润环等主编: "《神农本草经研究与运用》", 中国科学技术出版社, pages: 185 - 188 * |
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