CN114914917A - Gravity energy storage system and method - Google Patents
Gravity energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114914917A CN114914917A CN202210461544.2A CN202210461544A CN114914917A CN 114914917 A CN114914917 A CN 114914917A CN 202210461544 A CN202210461544 A CN 202210461544A CN 114914917 A CN114914917 A CN 114914917A
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/003—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of hydraulic energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/006—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gravity energy storage system and a method, wherein a movable clapboard is arranged in a water tank, the water tank is provided with a first sealing structure and a second sealing structure, and a deformable first separation layer and a deformable second separation layer are respectively arranged in a first chamber and a second chamber; the first and second chambers are respectively provided with a first air release port and a second air release port at positions above the first and second separation layers; the lower end of the water tank is respectively communicated with a first gravity shaft and a second gravity shaft through a first communicating channel and a second communicating channel, a first gravity pressure block and a second gravity pressure block are respectively arranged in the first gravity shaft and the second gravity shaft, and a first water turbine and a second water turbine are respectively arranged on the first communicating channel and the second communicating channel; the top of the water tank is sealed and communicated with a compressed air outlet of the air compression device, and a pressure balance structure is arranged on the movable partition plate. The invention can meet the requirements of high energy storage efficiency and wide application range of compressed air. The problem that compressed air exists at present can be solved thoroughly, let compressed air combine the pumped storage for energy storage system is high-efficient and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of physical energy storage, and relates to a gravity energy storage system and a gravity energy storage method.
Background
Renewable energy power generation technologies such as wind energy, solar energy and the like have the problems of intermittence and fluctuation, and with the increase of the installed ratio of the wind energy and the solar energy and the increase of the traditional power peak-valley difference value, wind abandonment and light abandonment appear in part of regions. The effective method for solving the problem is to adopt the electric energy storage system, and utilize the electric energy storage system to smooth the output of the renewable energy power generation and carry out peak clipping and valley filling. The compressed air energy storage system is an energy storage system which converts electric energy into air pressure potential energy for storage in the electricity consumption valley period and pushes an expander to generate electricity by using aerodynamic energy in the electricity consumption peak period. The compressed air energy storage system can be used for building a large power station with more than 100MW of single unit installation, is only inferior to a pumped storage power station, and has the advantages of long energy storage period, small unit energy storage investment, long service life and high efficiency. Traditional compressed air energy storage system utilizes rock cave, abandonment salt cave and abandonment mine etc. as gas storage device, and is great to geographical environment dependence, and needs fossil energy such as natural gas to consume in the power generation process. And the traditional compressed air energy storage system can not store energy at different pressure levels during energy storage, and the stored energy is limited in the aspect of flexibility of use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gravity energy storage system and a gravity energy storage method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gravity energy storage system comprises a water tank, a first gravity shaft, a second gravity shaft, a movable partition plate and an air compression device, wherein the movable partition plate is arranged in the water tank, the side edge and the bottom of the movable partition plate are in sealed connection with the water tank and can move relatively, a driving mechanism for driving the movable partition plate to move is connected onto the movable partition plate, a preset distance is reserved between the top of the movable partition plate and the top of the water tank, chambers on two sides of the movable partition plate in the water tank are a first chamber and a second chamber respectively, and a first sealing structure capable of shutting off the first sealing chamber and a second sealing structure capable of shutting off the second chamber are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the movable partition plate on the water tank respectively; the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively provided with a deformable first separation layer and a deformable second separation layer for separating air and water interfaces; the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively provided with a first air release port and a second air release port at positions above the first separation layer and the second separation layer;
the lower end of the water tank is respectively communicated with a first gravity shaft and a second gravity shaft through a first communicating channel and a second communicating channel, a first gravity pressing block and a second gravity pressing block are respectively arranged in the first gravity shaft and the second gravity shaft, and a first water turbine is arranged on the first communicating channel; a second water turbine is arranged on the second communication channel;
the top of the water tank is sealed and is communicated with a compressed air outlet of the air compression device, and a pressure balance structure used for balancing water pressure between the first cavity and the second cavity is arranged on the movable partition plate.
Preferably, the pressure balance structure comprises a pressure balance sealing baffle door, a driving motor, a driving screw and a pressure balance port arranged on the movable partition plate, the pressure balance port is positioned below the liquid level of the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber can be communicated with each other through the pressure balance port; a containing cavity for placing a pressure balance sealing baffle door is arranged above a pressure balance port in the movable partition plate, a driving motor is arranged at the top of the movable partition plate, a driving screw rod is arranged in the movable partition plate, the upper end of the driving screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, the lower end of the driving screw rod is in threaded connection with the pressure balance sealing baffle door, and a threaded hole in matched connection with the driving screw rod is formed in the pressure balance sealing baffle door; the drive screw can drive the pressure-balanced sealed flapper door down the receiving cavity and balance the pressure.
Preferably, the outer edge of the movable partition plate is provided with a sealing ring, and the movable partition plate is in sealing connection with the water tank through the sealing ring.
Preferably, the driving mechanism of the movable partition plate adopts a screw nut mechanism, the screw nut mechanism comprises a screw and a nut which is connected with the screw in a matching way, the nut is fixedly connected with the water tank, one end of the screw is connected with a screw driving mechanism, and the other end of the screw extends into the water tank and is connected with the movable partition plate in a rotating way.
Preferably, the first sealing structure adopts a first telescopic sealing baffle door, the first telescopic sealing baffle door is arranged on the water tank, one end of the first telescopic sealing baffle door is connected with a first baffle door driving mechanism, one end of the first telescopic sealing baffle door can extend into the first chamber and is in sealing connection with the movable partition plate and the water tank, so that the upper end of the first chamber is sealed, and the first baffle door driving mechanism can drive the first telescopic sealing baffle door to extend into the first chamber or withdraw from the first chamber;
the second sealing structure adopts a second telescopic sealing baffle door, the second telescopic sealing baffle door is arranged on the water tank, one end of the second telescopic sealing baffle door is connected with a second baffle door driving mechanism, one end of the second telescopic sealing baffle door can stretch into the second cavity and is in sealing connection with the movable partition plate and the water tank, the upper end of the second cavity is sealed, and the second baffle door driving mechanism can drive the second telescopic sealing baffle door to stretch into the second cavity or withdraw from the second cavity.
Preferably, the movable partition is provided with a groove for the first retractable sealing baffle door and the second retractable sealing baffle door to be inserted into, and the groove is provided with a sealing member capable of sealing between the first retractable sealing baffle door and the movable partition and a sealing member capable of sealing between the second retractable sealing baffle door and the movable partition.
Preferably, the first separation layer and the second separation layer are respectively flexible first deformable rubber films and flexible second deformable rubber films, the edges of the first deformable rubber films are in sealing connection with the water tank and the movable partition plate, and the edges of the second deformable rubber films are in sealing connection with the water tank and the movable partition plate.
Preferably, the first air outlet is provided with a first air sealing baffle door for switching off or switching on the first air outlet, the second air outlet is provided with a second air sealing baffle door for switching off or switching on the first air outlet, the outer edge of the movable partition plate is provided with a sealing ring, and the movable partition plate is in sealing connection with the water tank through the sealing ring.
Preferably, the first communication channel is provided with a third sealing structure for shutting off the first communication channel; the second communication channel is provided with a fourth sealing structure for shutting off the second communication channel; the third sealing structure adopts a first sealing baffle door, and the fourth sealing structure adopts a second sealing baffle door.
Preferably, the cross sections of the first communicating channel and the second communicating channel are the same, the first gravity shaft and the second gravity shaft are the same, and the first gravity pressing block and the second gravity pressing block are the same.
The invention also provides a gravity energy storage method, which is carried out by adopting the gravity energy storage system, and comprises the following processes:
when the generated energy of the thermal power generating unit is excessive or the electric energy generated by new energy needs to be consumed:
opening the pressure balance structure to balance the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, adjusting the position of the movable partition plate in the water tank according to a preset pressure grade to enable the first chamber and the second chamber to reach a preset flow area, and closing the pressure balance structure after the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber is balanced;
opening the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure, and closing the first air release opening and the second air release opening; the air compression device is driven to work by electric energy generated by excess generated energy or new energy of the thermal power generating unit, high-pressure air of the air compression device enters the upper part of an inner cavity of the water tank to compress liquid level in the first cavity and the second cavity, water in the first cavity flows into the first gravity vertical shaft through the first communicating channel and drives the first water turbine to work in the process, and the water entering the first gravity vertical shaft lifts the first gravity pressing block to rise so as to store energy; the water in the second chamber flows into the second gravity shaft through the second communicating channel and drives the second water turbine to work in the process, and the water entering the second gravity shaft lifts the second gravity pressure block to ascend so as to store energy; after the energy storage is finished, closing the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure to seal the first cavity and the second cavity;
when the demand of the power grid is high: and opening the first air release port and the second air release port, sending the high-pressure air of the first chamber and the second chamber out for power generation, and driving the first water turbine and the second water turbine to work by water in the process.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the gravity energy storage system disclosed by the invention combines the energy storage characteristics of compressed air and pumped storage energy, so that on one hand, the compressed air energy storage thoroughly gets rid of the problems of low energy storage efficiency, dependence on geographical positions and the like, on the other hand, the pumped storage energy storage gets rid of the geographical position limitation, and the advantage of high efficiency is fully utilized. In the energy storage process, the compressed air and the gravity pressing block are energy storage carriers, energy is stored, and the water turbine is pushed to rotate to generate electricity through water side flowing in the energy storage process, so that the energy is efficiently utilized. When the energy is released, on one hand, the stored compressed air is sent out to the outside for power generation and application, and the constant pressure of the air can be ensured by the pressure of the water side in the conveying process, so that the high efficiency of energy conveying of the air side is improved, and on the other hand, the potential energy of the gravity briquetting is converted into the kinetic energy of water to drive the water turbine to rotate for power generation. When compressed air energy with different pressure grades needs to be supplied, energy storage energy grading can be realized by moving the water tank partition plate, and energy storage with multiple pressure grades is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gravity energy storage system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable partition in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a water tank, 2 is a first gravity shaft, 3 is a first gravity press block, 4 is a second gravity shaft, 5 is a second gravity press block, 6 is a first water turbine, 7 is a first sealing baffle door, 8 is a second water turbine, 9 is a second sealing baffle door, 10 is a movable clapboard, 11 is a driving screw rod, 12 is a second deformable rubber film, 13 is a first deformable rubber film, 14 is a first air sealing baffle door, 15 is a first telescopic sealing baffle door, 16 is a second air sealing baffle door, 17 is a second telescopic sealing baffle door, 18 is a first communicating channel, 19 is a second communicating channel, 20 is a first deflation port, 21 is a second deflation port, 21 is a pressure balancing sealing baffle door, 22 is a pressure balancing port, 23 is an accommodating cavity, 24 is a driving motor, and 25 is a driving screw rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the gravity energy storage system of the present invention includes a water tank 1, a first gravity shaft 2, a second gravity shaft 4, a movable partition 10 and an air compression device, wherein the movable partition 10 is disposed in the water tank 1, the side and bottom of the movable partition 10 are hermetically connected to the water tank 1 and can move relatively, the movable partition 10 is connected to a driving mechanism for driving the movable partition to move, a preset distance is left between the top of the movable partition 10 and the top of the water tank 1, chambers located at two sides of the movable partition 10 in the water tank 1 are a first chamber and a second chamber, and a first sealing structure capable of shutting off the first sealing chamber and a second sealing structure capable of shutting off the second chamber are respectively disposed at two sides of the upper end of the movable partition 10 on the water tank 1; the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively provided with a deformable first separation layer and a deformable second separation layer for separating air and water interfaces; the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively provided with a first air release port 20 and a second air release port 21 at positions above the first partition layer and the second partition layer; the lower end of the water tank 1 is respectively communicated with a first gravity shaft 2 and a second gravity shaft 4 through a first communicating channel 18 and a second communicating channel 19, a first gravity pressing block 3 and a second gravity pressing block 5 are respectively arranged in the first gravity shaft 2 and the second gravity shaft 4, and a first water turbine 6 is arranged on the first communicating channel 18; the second communication channel 19 is provided with a second water turbine 8; the top of the water tank 1 is sealed and communicated with a compressed air outlet of an air compression device, and a pressure balance structure for balancing water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber is arranged on the movable partition plate 10.
The working principle and the process of the gravity energy storage system are as follows:
when the generated energy of the thermal power generating unit is excessive or the electric energy generated by new energy needs to be consumed:
opening the pressure balance structure to balance the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, adjusting the position of the movable partition plate 10 in the water tank 1 according to a preset pressure grade (as the direction shown in fig. 1, the movable partition plate 10 can move left and right), so that the first chamber and the second chamber reach a preset flow area, and closing the pressure balance structure after the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber is balanced, wherein the resultant force borne by the water in the first chamber and the resultant force borne by the water in the second chamber are related to the flow area under the condition that the compressed air above the water tank 1 is the same due to the fact that the flow areas of the first chamber and the second chamber are different, and the larger the flow area is, the larger the resultant force is, so that the energy with different pressure grades can be stored in the first gravity shaft 2 and the second gravity shaft 4;
the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are opened, and the first air release opening 20 and the second air release opening 21 are closed; the air compression device is driven to work by electric energy generated by surplus generated energy or new energy of a thermal power generating unit, high-pressure air of the air compression device enters the upper part of an inner cavity of the water tank 1 to compress liquid level in the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first separation layer and the second separation layer are arranged in the first chamber and the second chamber and can isolate the compressed air from water to prevent the air from being pressed into the water to be dissolved; the water in the first chamber flows into the first gravity shaft 2 through the first communication channel 18 and drives the first water turbine 6 to work in the process, power generation can be carried out, and the water entering the first gravity shaft 2 lifts the first gravity pressing block 2 to ascend so as to store energy; the water in the second chamber flows into the second gravity shaft 4 through the second communicating channel 19 and drives the second water turbine 8 to work in the process, power generation can be carried out, and the water entering the second gravity shaft 4 lifts the second gravity pressing block 4 to store energy; after the energy storage is finished, the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are closed, so that the first cavity and the second cavity are sealed, and the energy is stored in the gravity energy storage system;
when the demand of the power grid is high: and (3) opening the first air release port 20 and the second air release port 21, and sending high-pressure air of the first chamber and the second chamber out for power generation, wherein water drives the first water turbine 6 and the second water turbine 8 to work. In the gravity energy storage system, the first water turbine 6 and the second water turbine 8 can do work outwards when storing and releasing energy, so that the energy utilization rate is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the pressure balance structure comprises a pressure balance sealing baffle door 21, a driving motor 24, a driving screw 25 and a pressure balance port 22 formed on the movable partition 10, and in conjunction with fig. 1, the pressure balance port 22 is located at a position below the liquid level of the first chamber and the second chamber (i.e. the pressure balance port 22 is located at a position lower than the middle or lower end of the movable partition 10 in fig. 2, which can ensure that the pressure balance port 22 is located at a position below the liquid level of the first chamber and the second chamber), and the pressure balance port 22 can communicate the first chamber and the second chamber with each other; a containing cavity 22 for placing a pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 is arranged above a pressure balance opening 22 in a movable partition plate 10, the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 can move up and down in the containing cavity 22, the containing cavity 22 ensures that the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 can avoid the pressure balance opening 22 after moving upwards to ensure the pressure balance between a first chamber and a second chamber, a driving motor 24 is arranged at the top of the movable partition plate 10, a driving screw rod 25 is arranged in the movable partition plate 10, a central hole for placing the driving screw rod 25 is longitudinally arranged in the movable partition plate 10, the upper end of the driving screw rod 25 is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 24, the lower end of the driving screw rod 25 is in threaded connection with the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21, a threaded hole matched and connected with the driving screw rod 25 is arranged in the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21, and the threaded hole extends downwards from the top of the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 for a certain distance, when the pressure balance seal flapper door 21 moves upward, the lower end of the drive screw 25 extends into the interior of the pressure balance seal flapper door 21, the drive screw 25 being longitudinally non-displaceable; the driving screw rod 25 can drive the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 to move downwards along the accommodating cavity 22 and block the pressure balance port 22, and after the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 moves to the pressure balance port 22, the pressure balance port 22 can be completely blocked, so that the first chamber and the second chamber can store energy according to respective pressure levels during energy storage. A sealing structure is arranged between the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 and the pressure balance opening 22, for example, a sealing structure such as a sealing ring and a sealing strip is arranged on the pressure balance opening 22 at the contact part of the pressure balance opening 22 and the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable partition 10 is provided with a sealing ring at its outer edge, and the movable partition 10 is hermetically connected to the water tank 1 through the sealing ring. As shown in fig. 1, the structure is similar to a horizontal piston structure, the movable partition 10 is equivalent to a piston, and the water tank 1 is equivalent to a cylinder, so that the sealing performance between the movable partition 10 and the water tank 1 can be ensured, and the relative movement between the movable partition 10 and the water tank 1 can be ensured, so as to meet the requirements of adjusting the flow areas of the first chamber and the second chamber and pure high-pressure energy in the invention. The driving mechanism connected to the movable partition 10 and used for driving the movable partition to move can enable the movable partition 10 to move left and right as required, and meanwhile, the movable partition 10 can be stabilized at a preset position, so that the stability of the position of the movable partition 10 in the processes of energy storage and energy release is ensured. In addition, the upper edge of the movable partition board 10 can also be arranged in a hollow structure of the movable partition board 10, the hollow structure can realize circulation between gases above the first cavity and the second cavity, and meanwhile, a longitudinal (mainly downward) support is provided for the movable partition board 10, so that unreliable sealing between the lower end of the movable partition board 10 and the bottom of the water tank 1 due to the fact that the pressure in the first cavity and the pressure in the second cavity are large is prevented. As another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the inner wall of the water tank 1 is configured as a concave cavity in the front-back direction of the movable partition 10 (i.e. the direction perpendicular to the paper in fig. 1), and the width of the part of the water tank 1 above the cavity in the front-back direction of the movable partition 10 is smaller than the width of the movable partition 10 in the front-back direction, so that a step is formed above the cavity and in front of the cavity, and the upper end of the movable partition 10 is limited by the step, thereby preventing the unreliable sealing between the lower end of the movable partition 10 and the bottom of the water tank 1 due to the higher pressure in the first chamber and the second chamber.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism of the movable partition 10 is a screw nut mechanism, the screw nut mechanism includes a screw and a nut cooperatively connected with the screw, the nut is fixedly connected with the water tank 1, one end of the screw is connected with a screw driving mechanism, and the other end of the screw extends into the water tank 1 and is rotatably connected with the movable partition 10. The driving mechanism of the structure is relatively simple and convenient to operate, and particularly, as shown in fig. 1, when the water tank is used, the screw driving mechanism is utilized to drive the screw to rotate forwards and backwards, so that the screw extends into the water tank 1 or withdraws from the water tank 1, and correspondingly, the movable partition plate 10 moves rightwards or leftwards. More specifically, the lead screw-nut mechanism should be arranged with consideration for the stability of the movable partition 10. As shown in fig. 1, the rear screws are respectively disposed at positions above and below the liquid level, and the two screws are vertically symmetrical with respect to the movable partition 10, so as to ensure that the movable partition 10 moves left and right or does not skew due to water pressure, thereby preventing the sealing failure between the movable partition 10 and the side wall of the water tank.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first sealing structure adopts a first retractable sealing baffle door 15, the first retractable sealing baffle door 15 is arranged on the water tank 1, one end of the first retractable sealing baffle door 15 is connected with a first baffle door driving mechanism, one end of the first retractable sealing baffle door 15 can extend into the first chamber and is in sealing connection with the movable partition plate 10 and the water tank 1, so that the upper end of the first chamber is sealed, and the first baffle door driving mechanism can drive the first retractable sealing baffle door 15 to extend into the first chamber or withdraw from the first chamber; the second sealing structure adopts a second telescopic sealing baffle door 17, the second telescopic sealing baffle door 17 is arranged on the water tank 1, one end of the second telescopic sealing baffle door 17 is connected with a second baffle door driving mechanism, one end of the second telescopic sealing baffle door 17 can extend into the second chamber and is in sealing connection with the movable partition plate 10 and the water tank 1, the upper end of the second chamber is sealed, and the second baffle door driving mechanism can drive the second telescopic sealing baffle door 17 to extend into the second chamber or withdraw from the second chamber. The first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are telescopic sealing baffle door structures, on one hand, the sealing baffle door structures can bear larger pressure, so that the whole structure is stable, and the sealing performance is guaranteed, on the other hand, by taking the figure 1 as an example, the movable partition plate 10 can move left and right, namely, the distances between the left side and the right side of the movable partition plate 10 and the left side and the right side walls of the water tank 1 are different, and the telescopic sealing baffle door structures can adapt to the left and right movement of the movable partition plate 10, so that the sealing of the first chamber and the second chamber can be guaranteed when the movable partition plate 10 is at any position.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable partition 10 is provided with grooves into which the first retractable sealing flapper door 15 and the second retractable sealing flapper door 17 are fitted, the grooves being provided with seals capable of sealing between the first retractable sealing flapper door 15 and the movable partition 10, and seals capable of sealing between the second retractable sealing flapper door 17 and the movable partition 10. In this embodiment, the provision of the groove and the seal member firstly ensures the sealing requirement, and secondly, the edges of the first retractable sealing flapper door 15 and the second retractable sealing flapper door 17 can be fitted into the groove, thereby improving the sealing ability of the first retractable sealing flapper door 15 and the second retractable sealing flapper door 17 during high-pressure sealing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first deformable rubber film 13 and a second deformable rubber film 12 which are flexible are respectively adopted as the first separation layer and the second separation layer, the edge of the first deformable rubber film 13 is connected with the water tank 1 and the movable partition 10 in a sealing way, and the edge of the second deformable rubber film 12 is connected with the water tank 1 and the movable partition 10 in a sealing way. The first deformable rubber film 13 and the second deformable rubber film 12 can satisfy the requirement of isolating compressed air from water, while being deformable by their elasticity.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first air-tight flapper door 14 for shutting off or conducting the first air discharge opening 20 is provided at the first air discharge opening 20, and the second air-tight flapper door 16 for shutting off or conducting the first air discharge opening 21 is provided at the second air discharge opening 21.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first communicating channel 18 is provided with a third sealing structure for shutting off the first communicating channel 18; a fourth sealing structure for shutting off the second communication passage 19 is arranged on the second communication passage 19; the third seal structure employs a first sealing flapper door 7, and the fourth seal structure employs a second sealing flapper door 9. After the third sealing structure and the fourth sealing structure are closed, the third sealing structure and the fourth sealing structure can be respectively used for pressure maintaining of the first gravity shaft 2 and the second gravity shaft 4 after energy storage, and slow leakage of stored pressure is prevented or slowed down. The third and fourth sealing structures may be opened when the energy is released.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first communicating channel 18 and the second communicating channel 19 have the same cross section, the first gravity shaft 2 and the second gravity shaft 4 have the same cross section, and the first gravity pressing block 3 and the second gravity pressing block 5 have the same cross section.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, following the above technical solution, the gravity energy storage system of this embodiment includes a water tank 1, a first gravity shaft 2, a first gravity block 3, a second gravity shaft 4, a second gravity block 5, a first hydraulic turbine 6, a first airtight bulkhead door 7, a second hydraulic turbine 8, a second airtight bulkhead door 9, a movable partition 10, a drive screw 11, a second deformable rubber film 12, a first deformable rubber film 13, a first airtight bulkhead door 14, a first retractable airtight bulkhead door 15, a second airtight bulkhead door 16, and a second retractable airtight bulkhead door 17. The lower end of the water tank 1 is communicated with the first gravity shaft 2 and the second gravity shaft 4 through a first communication channel 18 and a second communication channel 19 respectively, and a first hydraulic turbine 6 and a first sealing baffle door 7 are arranged on the first communication channel 18; a second water turbine 8 and a second sealing baffle door 9 are arranged on the second communication channel 19; the first gravity block 3 is arranged in the first gravity shaft 2, and the second gravity block 5 is arranged in the second gravity shaft 4. A movable partition plate 10 is arranged in the water tank 1, the movable partition plate 10 is rotatably connected with two driving screw rods 11, the two driving screw rods 11 are respectively positioned above and below the liquid level, and the movable partition plate is driven to move left and right by the driving screw rods. The water tank 1 is divided into two sides by a movable partition 10, and a first deformable rubber film 13 and a second deformable rubber film 12 are respectively arranged on the water surfaces of the two sides, and the rubber films can be compressed, stretched and moved up and down to separate air media from water. The chamber of the tank 1 above the movable partition 10 is in communication. A first retractable and sealable flapper door 15 and a second retractable and sealable flapper door 17 are disposed at the upper end of the movable partition 10 so as to be automatically extended and shortened in accordance with the movement of the partition. The outlet at the upper end of the sink 1 is provided with two air outlets, the left and right air outlets being provided with a first air-tight flapper door 14 and a second air-tight flapper door 16, respectively. The movable partition 10 is provided with a pressure balance structure for balancing water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, as shown in fig. 2, the pressure balance structure comprises a pressure balance sealing baffle door 21, a driving motor 24, a driving screw 25 and a pressure balance port 22 formed on the movable partition 10, the pressure balance port 22 is positioned below the liquid level of the first chamber and the second chamber, and the pressure balance port 22 can communicate the first chamber and the second chamber with each other; an accommodating cavity 22 for placing a pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 is arranged above a pressure balance opening 22 in the movable partition plate 10, a driving motor 24 is arranged at the top of the movable partition plate 10, a driving screw 25 is arranged in the movable partition plate 10, the upper end of the driving screw 25 is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 24, the lower end of the driving screw 25 is in threaded connection with the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21, and a threaded hole in fit connection with the driving screw 25 is formed in the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21; the drive screw 25 is able to drive the pressure-equalizing sealing flapper door 21 down the receiving cavity 22 and block the pressure-equalizing port 22.
The working method of the gravity energy storage system comprises the following processes:
when the generated energy of the thermal power generating unit is excessive or the new energy electricity needs to be consumed, the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 is moved upwards to balance the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, then the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 is moved downwards to seal the pressure balance opening 22, and the system is started to convert the electric energy into high-pressure air to be sent into the gravity energy storage system. Firstly, a first telescopic sealing baffle door 15 and a second telescopic sealing baffle door 17 are opened, a first air sealing baffle door 14 and a second air sealing baffle door 16 are closed, a first sealing baffle door 7 and a second sealing baffle door 9 are opened, high-pressure air is sent to the upper part of a water tank, the liquid level of the water tank is continuously and slowly compressed, water in the water tank continuously flows into a first gravity shaft 2 and a second gravity shaft 4 through a first water turbine and a second water turbine, and the first water turbine and the second water turbine are driven to rotate to generate power in the process. Along with the continuous increase of the water quantity, the water side lifts the first gravity pressing block 3 and the second gravity pressing block 5 to slowly rise, the residual electric energy is stored, the first telescopic sealing baffle door 15, the second telescopic sealing baffle door 17, the first sealing baffle door 7 and the second sealing baffle door 9 are closed, and all the energy is sealed in the system.
When the demand of the power grid is high, the first air sealing baffle door 14 and the second air sealing baffle door 16 are opened, high-pressure air is sent out for power generation, in the process, along with continuous sending of air, the liquid level in the water tank 1 continuously rises, the first gravity pressing block 3 and the second gravity pressing block 5 slowly decrease, the potential energy of the gravity pressing blocks is converted into the kinetic energy of water, and the first water turbine and the second water turbine are pushed to rotate for power generation. The liquid level in the water tank rises continuously, and the air above the water tank is extruded continuously, so that constant-pressure air is output, and stable power generation at the air side is ensured.
When the outside needs compressed air with different pressure grades, the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 moves upwards to balance the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, the movable partition plate 10 is driven by the two driving screws 11 to move the movable partition plate 10 left and right to change the flow area of the chambers on the left side and the right side of the movable partition plate 10, then the pressure balance sealing baffle door 21 moves downwards to seal the pressure balance opening 22, so that high-pressure air is classified, energy stored on the two sides is different, gravity pressing blocks on the two sides have height deviation, the gravity pressing block with large stored energy is high, and the gravity pressing block with small stored energy is low.
According to the scheme, the invention can meet the requirements of high energy storage efficiency and wide application range of the compressed air. The problem that compressed air exists at present can thoroughly be solved, let compressed air combine the pumped storage for energy storage system is high-efficient and stable.
Claims (10)
1. A gravity energy storage system is characterized by comprising a water tank (1), a first gravity shaft (2), a second gravity shaft (4), a movable partition plate (10) and an air compression device, the movable clapboard (10) is arranged in the water tank (1), the side edge and the bottom of the movable clapboard (10) are connected with the water tank (1) in a sealing way and can move relatively, the movable partition plate (10) is connected with a driving mechanism for driving the movable partition plate to move, a preset distance is reserved between the top of the movable partition plate (10) and the top of the water tank (1), chambers positioned on two sides of the movable partition plate (10) in the water tank (1) are respectively a first chamber and a second chamber, and a first sealing structure capable of shutting off the first sealing chamber and a second sealing structure capable of shutting off the second chamber are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the movable partition plate (10) on the water tank (1); the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively provided with a deformable first separation layer and a deformable second separation layer for separating air and water interfaces; the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively provided with a first air release opening (20) and a second air release opening (21) at positions above the first partition layer and the second partition layer;
the lower end of the water tank (1) is respectively communicated with a first gravity vertical shaft (2) and a second gravity vertical shaft (4) through a first communicating channel (18) and a second communicating channel (19), a first gravity pressing block (3) and a second gravity pressing block (5) are respectively arranged in the first gravity vertical shaft (2) and the second gravity vertical shaft (4), and a first water turbine (6) is arranged on the first communicating channel (18); a second water turbine (8) is arranged on the second communication channel (19);
the top of the water tank (1) is sealed and is communicated with a compressed air outlet of the air compression device, and a pressure balance structure for balancing water pressure between the first cavity and the second cavity is arranged on the movable partition plate (10).
2. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure balancing structure comprises a pressure balancing sealed baffle door (21), a driving motor (24), a driving screw (25) and a pressure balancing port (22) formed in the movable partition (10), the pressure balancing port (22) is located below the liquid level of the first chamber and the second chamber, and the pressure balancing port (22) can communicate the first chamber and the second chamber with each other; a containing cavity (22) for placing a pressure balance sealing baffle door (21) is arranged above a pressure balance opening (22) in the movable partition plate (10), a driving motor (24) is installed at the top of the movable partition plate (10), a driving screw rod (25) is arranged in the movable partition plate (10), the upper end of the driving screw rod (25) is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (24), the lower end of the driving screw rod (25) is in threaded connection with the pressure balance sealing baffle door (21), and a threaded hole in fit connection with the driving screw rod (25) is formed in the pressure balance sealing baffle door (21); the driving screw rod (25) can drive the pressure balance sealing baffle door (21) to move downwards along the accommodating cavity (22) and block the pressure balance opening (22).
3. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism of the movable partition (10) is a screw-nut mechanism, the screw-nut mechanism comprises a screw and a nut in fit connection with the screw, the nut is fixedly connected with the water tank (1), one end of the screw is connected with a screw driving mechanism, and the other end of the screw extends into the water tank (1) and is rotatably connected with the movable partition (10).
4. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first sealing structure employs a first retractable sealing flapper door (15), the first retractable sealing flapper door (15) is disposed on the water tank (1), one end of the first retractable sealing flapper door (15) is connected to a first flapper door driving mechanism, one end of the first retractable sealing flapper door (15) can extend into the first chamber and is connected with the movable partition (10) and the water tank (1) in a sealing manner, so that the upper end of the first chamber is sealed, and the first retractable sealing flapper door driving mechanism can drive the first retractable sealing flapper door (15) to extend into or withdraw from the first chamber;
the second sealing structure adopts a second telescopic sealing baffle door (17), the second telescopic sealing baffle door (17) is arranged on the water tank (1), one end of the second telescopic sealing baffle door (17) is connected with a second baffle door driving mechanism, one end of the second telescopic sealing baffle door (17) can stretch into the second cavity and is in sealing connection with the movable partition plate (10) and the water tank (1), the upper end of the second cavity is sealed, and the second baffle door driving mechanism can drive the second telescopic sealing baffle door (17) to stretch into the second cavity or withdraw from the second cavity.
5. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein the movable partition (10) is provided with a recess into which the first retractable sealing flapper door (15) and the second retractable sealing flapper door (17) fit, the recess being provided with a seal capable of sealing between the first retractable sealing flapper door (15) and the movable partition (10) and a seal capable of sealing between the second retractable sealing flapper door (17) and the movable partition (10).
6. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first and second separation layers are flexible first and second deformable rubber membranes (13, 12), respectively, the edge of the first deformable rubber membrane (13) is in sealing connection with the water tank (1) and the movable partition (10), and the edge of the second deformable rubber membrane (12) is in sealing connection with the water tank (1) and the movable partition (10).
7. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first air-tight damper (14) is arranged at the first air outlet (20) for switching off or on the first air outlet (20), the second air-tight damper (16) is arranged at the second air outlet (21) for switching off or on the first air outlet (21), the outer edge of the movable partition (10) is provided with a sealing ring, and the movable partition (10) is connected with the water tank (1) in a sealing way through the sealing ring.
8. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first communication channel (18) is provided with a third sealing structure for shutting off the first communication channel (18); a fourth sealing structure for closing the second communication channel (19) is arranged on the second communication channel (19); the third sealing structure adopts a first sealing baffle door (7), and the fourth sealing structure adopts a second sealing baffle door (9).
9. A gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first communication channel (18) and the second communication channel (19) are of the same cross section, the first gravity shaft (2) and the second gravity shaft (4) are of the same cross section, and the first gravity briquetting (3) and the second gravity briquetting (5) are of the same cross section.
10. A gravity energy storage method, wherein the gravity energy storage method is performed by using the gravity energy storage system of any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
when the generated energy of the thermal power generating unit is excessive or the electric energy generated by new energy needs to be consumed:
opening the pressure balance structure to balance the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber, adjusting the position of the movable partition plate (10) in the water tank (1) according to a preset pressure grade to enable the first chamber and the second chamber to reach a preset flow area, and closing the pressure balance structure after the water pressure between the first chamber and the second chamber is balanced;
the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are opened, and the first air release opening (20) and the second air release opening (21) are closed; the air compression device is driven to work by electric energy generated by excess generated energy or new energy of a thermal power generating unit, high-pressure air of the air compression device enters the upper part of an inner cavity of the water tank (1) to compress liquid level in the first cavity and the second cavity, water in the first cavity flows into the first gravity vertical shaft (2) through the first communication channel (18) and drives the first water turbine (6) to work in the process, and the water entering the first gravity vertical shaft (2) lifts the first gravity pressing block (2) to ascend so as to store energy; the water in the second chamber flows into the second gravity shaft (4) through the second communication channel (19) and drives the second water turbine (8) to work in the process, and the water entering the second gravity shaft (4) lifts the second gravity pressing block (4) to ascend so as to store energy; after the energy storage is finished, closing the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure to seal the first cavity and the second cavity;
when the demand of the power grid is high: and (3) opening the first air release port (20) and the second air release port (21) to send high-pressure air of the first chamber and the second chamber out to generate electricity, and in the process, water drives the first water turbine (6) and the second water turbine (8) to work.
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| WO2021143349A1 (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-22 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Gravity-compressed air energy storage system and working method therefor |
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| CN214780438U (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Gravity type compressed air energy storage vertical shaft |
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| WO2021143349A1 (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-22 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Gravity-compressed air energy storage system and working method therefor |
| CN214780438U (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Gravity type compressed air energy storage vertical shaft |
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