CN114903940B - 一种荆防制剂的降血糖新用途 - Google Patents
一种荆防制剂的降血糖新用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114903940B CN114903940B CN202110196485.6A CN202110196485A CN114903940B CN 114903940 B CN114903940 B CN 114903940B CN 202110196485 A CN202110196485 A CN 202110196485A CN 114903940 B CN114903940 B CN 114903940B
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Abstract
本发明提供了荆防制剂用于降血糖的新用途，并通过实验证明其对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型的血糖有降低作用，能升高四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型的糖耐量，可用于制备治疗或预防糖尿病的药物或降血糖的保健食品。同时，口服荆防制剂的安全性高，毒副作用小，兼具散风解表，祛风胜湿，通利关节，活血行气，疏风宣肺，祛痰止咳，健脾利湿止痛等作用，可促进体内器官协调运转，增强人体免疫力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域，具体涉及一种荆防制剂在制备治疗或预防糖尿病的药物或保健品中的用途。
背景技术
荆防颗粒的处方出自明朝张时彻《摄生众妙方》中所载荆防败毒散，由荆芥、防风、柴胡、川芎、羌活、独活、前胡、茯苓、桔梗、枳壳、甘草共11味中药组成。
荆防败毒散是由人参败毒散去人参加荆芥、防风而成。人参败毒散最早出自宋代官方成药医籍《太平惠民和剂局方》，药物组成为柴胡、甘草、桔梗、人参、川芎、茯苓、枳売、前胡、羌活、独活，长于治疗疫病。原书记载“治伤寒时气”。《类证活人书》和《小儿药证直诀》均言其“治瘟疫……瘟疫时行……此药不可缺也”。明未清初医家喻昌对此方十分推崇，指出“人感三气两病，病而死，其气互传，乃至十百千万，传为疫矣。倘病者日服此药二三剂，所受疫邪，不复留于胸中，讵不快哉”。还称赞“昌鄙见三气门中，推此方为第一，以其功之著也”。提出人参败毒散诸药辛平，乃“治疫第一方”，可称为“活人败毒散”。
荆防败毒散方中去人参败毒散中温补的人参，故无助邪化毒之弊，加“去风邪、散淤血、破结气、消疮毒的荆芥，“治风通用”的“风药中润剂”防风，治疗范围从“伤寒时气、伤风、瘟疫、风湿”之类，扩展到“伤寒外感、多种疾病、痘疹疮疡、痈脓肿痛、瘀毒流注”等。
荆防败毒散方中荆芥微温而发散，善散风解表；防风辛散甘缓微温，为治风通用药，善祛风胜湿、发表止痛。二者相须为用药力更强，治外感风寒或兼湿邪者功著，故为君药。羌活辛温苦燥，主入膀胱经，善除在上在表之风寒湿邪；独活辛散苦燥，主入肾经，主散在里在下之风寒湿邪；两药相合，既解表散寒，又散一身上下之风湿，通利关节而止痹痛。川芎辛温行散，善活血行气、祛风止痛。三药合用，助君药散风寒、祛风湿、止痹痛，故为臣药。柴胡苦泄辛散微寒，善解表退热；前胡辛散苦泄微寒，善疏风宣肺；桔梗辛散苦泄而平，善开宣肺气、祛痰止咳；茯苓甘淡渗利而平，善健脾利湿；枳壳苦泄辛散微寒，善理气行滞，气畅则湿散。五药合用，可助君臣药解表散寒、祛风胜湿、止痛，故为佐药。甘草甘平，调和诸药，为使药。诸药配伍，辛温燥散，共奏解表散寒、祛风胜湿之功，故善治外感风寒挟湿所致的感冒。
大多数医家认为荆防败毒散味辛性温，用于风寒外感轻证。但《麻疹活人书》、《麻疹备要方论》均言荆防败毒散为“辛平之药”。吴澄《不居集》中将荆防败毒散列于“辛平解表剂”下。综合吴澄《不居集》、王肯堂《证治准绳》、虞抟《医学正传·痘疹》、郑玉坛《彤园医书》、任赞《保赤新编》等医家的记载，荆防败毒散用于治疗感受风热、风寒、风湿的呼吸系统、消化系统、皮肤疾病等属于壅毒致病者，且非辛温之剂，而是性擅透邪败毒的辛散平和之方。现代医家同样运用荆防败毒散治疗多种传染性疾病，如小儿流行性感冒、急性病毒性上呼吸道感染、甲型H1N1流感、流行性腮腺炎、水痘、登革热等。荆防败毒散不仅能够治疗各种感冒，预防瘟疫，而且对牙疼、乳腺结节、皮肤疾病、头痛身疼都具有十分显著的疗效。同时，2021年荆防颗粒还被多省市指定为防治新冠肺炎推荐用药。
荆防颗粒或荆防合剂功能主治：发汗解表、散风祛湿。用于风寒感冒、头痛身痛、恶寒无汗、鼻塞清涕、咳嗽白痰。尚未有研究报道其降血糖方面的应用。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种荆防制剂在制备治疗或预防糖尿病的药物或保健品中的降血糖用途。
优选的，所述治疗或预防糖尿病的药物可以是荆防颗粒、荆防合剂、荆防丸剂、荆防滴丸、荆防糖浆、荆防散剂、荆防冲剂。
优选的，所述荆防制剂可以与其他药物联合使用治疗或预防糖尿病。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂包括以下成分：荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、柴胡、前胡、川穹、枳壳、茯苓、桔梗、甘草以及其他药剂学上可接受的辅料。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂为颗粒剂、合剂、丸剂、滴丸剂、糖浆剂、散剂或冲剂。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂按照本领域的常规方法制备获得。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂为颗粒剂。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂为合剂。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂的辅料中不含糖类。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防制剂的辅料中不含蔗糖。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防颗粒剂的处方及制备方法可以参照卫生部标准WS3-B-0328-90。
优选的，本发明所述的荆防合剂的处方及制备方法可以参照卫生部标准WS3-B-1377-93；
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供了荆防制剂用于降血糖的新用途，并通过实验证明其对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型的血糖有降低作用，能升高四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型的糖耐量，可用于制备治疗或预防糖尿病的药物或降血糖的保健食品。同时，荆防制剂的安全性高，毒副作用小，兼具散风解表，祛风胜湿，通利关节，活血行气，疏风宣肺，祛痰止咳，健脾利湿止痛等作用，可促进体内器官协调运转，增强人体免疫力。
具体实施方式
下面通过一些实施例来进一步说明本发明，应当理解的是，以下实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案，并不用来限制本发明的保护范围。
一、荆防制剂的来源
荆防颗粒(含糖)，每袋15g，山东新时代药业有限公司；荆防颗粒(不含糖)，每袋15g，参照卫生部标准WS3-B-0328-90制备，用糊精代替蔗糖；荆防合剂，每支装10mL，鲁南厚普制药有限公司。
二、动物实验
1、材料
动物：SD大鼠，SPF级；数量100只，雌雄各半；体重190～220g；来源：济南朋悦实验动物繁育有限公司，生产许可证号SCXK(鲁)20190003。
试剂：四氧嘧啶，美国sigma公司。
2、剂量
荆防颗粒(含糖或无糖型)口服推荐剂量为15g，以60Kg体重计算，折合剂量为0.25g/kg BW，设置低和高两个剂量组，分别为2.5g/kg BW、5g/Kg BW(相当于人体推荐剂量的10倍、20倍)。荆防合剂口服推荐剂量为10mL，以60Kg体重计算，折合剂量为0.17mL/KgBW，设置低和高两个剂量组，分别为1.7mL/Kg BW、3.4mL/Kg BW。
3、方法
3.1实验性四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型的建立
取大鼠100只，禁食24小时后(不禁水)，每只大鼠腹腔注射四氧嘧啶(空白对照组除外)，剂量为120mg/kg BW，24小时后第二次给药，腹腔注射四氧嘧啶，剂量为100mg/kgBW，并分别于给四氧嘧啶后2.5h和5h灌胃25％葡萄糖1mL/100g BW。末次给药后72小时，检验空腹血糖，高于11.1mmol/L以上者作为糖尿病大鼠。空白对照组给与等量的蒸馏水。
3.2荆防制剂对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型空腹血糖的影响
取高血糖大鼠随机分成7组，每组10只；空白对照组，正常大鼠10只。空白对照组，给予蒸馏水2mL；模型组，给予蒸馏水2mL；荆防颗粒(含糖型)-高剂量组，给予5g/kg BW；荆防颗粒(含糖型)-低剂量组，给予2.5g/kg BW；荆防颗粒(无糖型)-高剂量组，给予5g/kgBW；防颗粒(无糖型)-低剂量组，给予2.5g/kg BW；荆防合剂-高剂量组，给予3.4mL/kg BW；荆防合剂-低剂量组，给予1.7mL/kg BW。所需剂量的荆防颗粒用2mL蒸馏水溶解、荆防合剂用蒸馏水稀释至2mL，连续灌胃给药30天，每天1次，每次2mL。于末次给药6h后每只大鼠尾静脉取血，测定空腹血糖。
统计方法：Excel统计软件，计量资料采用均值±标准差(x±s)表示，比较组间差异，P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义，P<0.01，表示有显著差异。
试验结果如表1所示。
表1荆防制剂对大鼠血糖的影响
注：与模型组比较▲P<0.05，▲▲P<0.01；与给药前比较*P<0.05，**P<0.01；与空白对照组比较□P<0.05，□□P<0.01。
由表1可知，与空白对照组比较，造模后大鼠的空腹血糖值明显升高，差异具有显著性(□P<0.05，□□P<0.01)，说明高血糖大鼠模型成立。与模型组比较，连续给予荆防制剂30天后，各剂量组大鼠空腹血糖均低于模型对照组，差异具有显著性(▲P<0.05，▲▲P<0.01)，说明荆防制剂对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型有降低空腹血糖的作用。与给药前相比，给药后，各剂量组大鼠的血糖下降，差异具有显著性(*P<0.05，**P<0.01)。
3.3荆防制剂对四氧嘧啶高血大鼠模型耐糖量的影响
高血糖模型大鼠连续给药30天后(模型组给予同体积蒸馏水)，末次给药后禁食6h，各组经口给予50％的葡萄糖2.0g/kg，分别于给葡萄糖0h、0.5h、2h后，尾静脉取血，测定血糖值。观察受试制剂对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠模型耐糖量的影响。
试验结果如表2所示。
表2荆防制剂对大鼠口服耐糖量的影响
注：与模型组比较▲P<0.05，▲▲P<0.01。
连续给予不同剂量的荆防制剂30天，各剂量组大鼠给葡萄糖后0h、0.5h、2h血糖值均低于模型对照组，差异具有显著性(▲P<0.05，▲▲P<0.01)，表明给与荆防制剂对高血糖大鼠模型有升高糖耐量的作用。
Claims (4)
1.一种荆防制剂的新用途，其特征在于，所述荆防制剂用于制备治疗或预防糖尿病的药物；所述荆防制剂由以下成分制成：荆芥、防风、羌活、独活、柴胡、前胡、川芎、枳壳、茯苓、桔梗、甘草以及其他药剂学上可接受的辅料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的荆防制剂的用途，其特征在于，所述荆防制剂为颗粒剂、合剂、丸剂、糖浆剂或散剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的荆防制剂的用途，其特征在于，所述荆防制剂为颗粒剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的荆防制剂的用途，其特征在于，所述荆防制剂为合剂。
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