CN114892424A - 一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于纺织面料染色领域,具体公开了一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液及其应用,该染色液包括一种或多种液体分散染料、重量百分比为0.5%~2.5%的防水剂以及0.2%~1.5%的防泳移剂;其中,液体分散染料包括20%~30%原分散染料和2%~10%乳化分散剂,乳化分散剂为异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和马丙共聚物中的一种或多种;防水剂按重量百分比包括:5%~15%丙烯酸十八酯、5%~15%全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯和2%~10%乳化剂,乳化剂为多元醇、异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、季铵盐1831和季铵盐1631中的一种或多种。本发明染色液可用于防水同浴轧染,染色效果好,防水性能佳,达到免水洗的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料染色技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液及其应用。
背景技术
纺织印染是典型的高能耗、高水耗行业,废水排放量巨大。如今很多纺织面料被要求具有优良的防水性,但目前工业生产过程中染色与防水整理是两个独立的工序,即先染色再整理的二步法加工方法,同时为了达到好的防水效果,进行防水整理前要求染色后出缸的面料进行充分的水洗,导致加工流程较长,能源消耗较大。
中国专利文献CN110344262A公开了一种涤纶织物染色与防水整理同浴一步加工方法,包括室温入染,将涤纶待染物浸入工作液中,逐步升温至工作温度后保温,使染色和防水整理同时进行,接着降温完成染色和防水功能整理,对织物依次进行还原清洗、酸中和、水洗、焙烘,即可。该方法采用缸染,对工作液的成分、浴比、工作温度和时间都有一定限制,且防水同浴缸染后还需要进行还原清洗、酸中和、水洗步骤,操作繁琐,且增加了废水的排放。
苏州大学罗永平的硕士学位论文《基于液体分散染料的柔软或防水同浴的热溶染色技术研究》研究了防水剂/液体分散黑MP染料同浴热溶染色工艺的可行性,薄型涤纶织物采用实验室自制的液体分散黑MP和常州喜莱维公司的防水剂F2710或D14的同浴加工,优化的加工条件为液体分散黑MP 8.0%,防水剂10%。该论文中报道的防水剂用量较高,可能是由于液体分散染料的适用性差,而防水剂用量大会造成生产成本高,限制了防水同浴染色技术在工厂中的实际应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液及其应用,旨在解决现有防水同浴染色方法步骤繁琐、成本高等问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液,包括一种或多种液体分散染料、重量百分比为0.5%~2.5%的防水剂以及重量百分比为0.2%~1.5%的防泳移剂;
其中,所述液体分散染料包括重量百分比为20%~30%的原分散染料和重量百分比为2%~10%的乳化分散剂,所述乳化分散剂为异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和马丙共聚物中的一种或多种;
所述防水剂按重量百分比包括:5%~15%丙烯酸十八酯、5%~15%全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯和2%~10%乳化剂,所述乳化剂为多元醇、异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、季铵盐1831和季铵盐1631中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述原分散染料为分散橙30、分散橙31、分散橙61、分散橙288、分散红145、分散红153、分散红167、分散红343、分散蓝54、分散蓝56、分散蓝60、分散蓝79、分散蓝183:1、分散蓝291:1、分散紫93、分散黄114和分散黄211中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述液体分散染料还包括保湿剂、杀菌剂和消泡剂中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述保湿剂的重量百分比为1%~5%,所述杀菌剂的重量百分比为0.1%~0.3%,所述消泡剂的重量百分比为0.1%~0.3%。
优选地,所述液体分散染料的含固量为30%~35%。
优选地,所述防泳移剂为聚丙烯酸类化合物且为阴离子型。
优选地,所述防泳移剂为浙江传化公司生产的防泳移剂TF-392B、TF-312D、TF-312NW和TF-312FA中的一种或多种。
按照本发明的另一方面,还提供了一种上述染色液在对面料进行防水同浴轧染中的应用。
优选地,所述应用包括将面料浸入所述染色液中进行浸轧,然后一次定型发色,即可直接加工成成品。
优选地,所述面料为涤纶梭织面料。
总体而言,通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明染色液利用特定的液体分散染料和防水剂,复配性好,且防水剂在同浴中的添加量不超过2.5%,即可达到优良的防水性能,同浴轧染后无需水洗,染色工序简单,解决了现有染色方案污水排放的问题,极大降低了染色成本,兼具经济性与性能优势。
(2)本发明选用特定的防泳移剂,疏水性好,与本发明染色液中的液体分散染料和防水剂的复配性均较好,增稠效率好,防泳移效果佳。
(3)本发明防水同浴轧染后的摩擦牢度不低于4级,不存在染料浮色,避免染色时产生沾辊、后道印花时渗色、存储过久后牢度下降等问题;且水泡牢度高,水洗基本不掉色,达到免水洗的要求。
(4)本发明防水同浴轧染工艺适用于各种常规的梭织面料,应用范围广,已有许多实际应用的成功案例。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供的一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液,其包括一种或多种液体分散染料、重量百分比为0.5%~2.5%的防水剂以及重量百分比为0.2%~1.5%的防泳移剂;其中,所述液体分散染料包括重量百分比为20%~30%的原分散染料和重量百分比为2%~10%的乳化分散剂,所述乳化分散剂为异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和马丙共聚物中的一种或多种;所述防水剂按重量百分比包括:5%~15%丙烯酸十八酯、5%~15%全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯和2%~10%乳化剂,所述乳化剂为多元醇、异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、季铵盐1831和季铵盐1631中的一种或多种。
一些实施例中,所述原分散染料为分散橙30、分散橙31、分散橙61、分散橙288、分散红145、分散红153、分散红167、分散红343、分散蓝54、分散蓝56、分散蓝60、分散蓝79、分散蓝183:1、分散蓝291:1、分散紫93、分散黄114和分散黄211中的一种或多种。
一些实施例中,所述液体分散染料还包括保湿剂、杀菌剂和消泡剂中的一种或多种。所述保湿剂可采用乙二醇和/或甘油。所述杀菌剂例如但不限于采用卡松。所述消泡剂可采用KMZ-7752、F-01(无硅消泡剂)和聚醚消泡剂中的一种或多种。优选地,在各液体分散染料中,所述保湿剂的重量百分比为1%~5%,所述杀菌剂的重量百分比为0.1%~0.3%,所述消泡剂的重量百分比为0.1%~0.3%。
作为优选实施例,所述液体分散染料的含固量为30%~35%。
防泳移剂通常为防止某种分子较小的染料(分散染料、还原染料、涂料等)在染色加工、轧染、烘干、热熔等过程中出现泳移现象所添加的物质。本发明防水同浴轧染工艺中所添加的防泳移剂的类型没有特殊限定,优选疏水性好、与染色液中的防水剂和液体分散染料的复配性好、增稠效率好、防泳移效果好的防泳移剂产品,通常为聚丙烯酸类化合物且为阴离子型,例如但不限于浙江传化公司生产的防泳移剂TF-392B、TF-312D、TF-312NW、TF-312FA等。
本发明还提供本发明上述染色液在对面料进行防水同浴轧染中的应用。
传统的染色方案为:前处理—缸染—还原清洗—防水整理—其他至成品;
现行的轧染方案为:前处理—轧染—轻度还原清洗—防水整理—其他至成品;
本发明改良后的防水同浴轧染方案为:前处理或特殊场景免处理—防水同浴轧染—其他至成品。
在本发明染色工艺中,将待染色的面料浸入染色液中进行浸轧,然后一次定型发色,即可直接加工成成品。即防水同浴轧染后无需水洗和再一次防水定型,即可达到防水效果100分,节省了加工步骤,节约了成本。
本发明防水同浴轧染工艺适用于所有常规的梭织面料,尤其适用于涤纶梭织面料,例如但不限于春亚纺、涤塔夫、箱包布等。
以下结合具体实施例,对上述技术方案详细说明。
根据不同的染色液配比,选用不同的液体分散染料(配方参见表1)、防水剂(配方参见表2)和防泳移剂,调配出不同组分的用于防水同浴轧染的染色液,配方见表3。
表1不同实施例的液体分散染料配方(按重量百分比计)
表2不同实施例的防水剂配方(按重量百分比计)
表3不同实施例用于防水同浴轧染的染色液配方(按重量百分比计)
液体分散染料 | 防水剂 | 防泳移剂 | 去离子水 | |
实施例1 | 橙:3.81%;蓝:4.3%;红:0.88% | 2% | TF-392B 0.6% | 余量 |
实施例2 | 橙:3.81%;红:0.88%;黄:4.2% | 0.5% | TF-392B 0.2% | 余量 |
实施例3 | 橙:3.81%;蓝:0.77%;红:3.5% | 1.0% | TF-312D1.2% | 余量 |
实施例4 | 蓝:2% | 0.8% | TF-392B 0.8% | 余量 |
实施例5 | 蓝:4.44%;红:0.86%;紫:3.2% | 2.2% | TF-312D 0.6% | 余量 |
实施例6 | 橙:4.25%;蓝:0.55%;黄:3.5% | 1.6% | TF-312NW1.5% | 余量 |
实施例7 | 红:0.88%;黄:4.2% | 1.2% | TF-312NW1.0% | 余量 |
实施例8 | 蓝:3.3%;紫:4.0% | 2.5% | TF-312FA 0.5% | 余量 |
对比例1 | 橙:3.81%;蓝:4.3%;红:0.88% | 2% | TF-392B 0.6% | 余量 |
对比例2 | 橙:4.85%;蓝:4.5%;红:0.7% | 2% | TF-392B 0.6% | 余量 |
对比例3 | 橙:4.85%;蓝:4.5%;红:0.7% | 2.5% | TF-392B 0.6% | 余量 |
分别用实施例与对比例的提供的染色液对不同梭织面料进行防水同浴轧染。
工艺流程如下:坯布准备(退浆-烘干)—一浸一轧—定型发色—打卷—压光—涂层。
坯布要求:布面清洁,浆料、油剂、杂质、前处理残留的表面活性剂及布面pH(要求6-7)都会影响最终防水效果;且在浸轧前需保证坯布的干燥,避免出现持续性差的问题。
浸轧要求:均匀轧车的左中右压力要求均匀,避免产生布面左中右色差;轧车压力大于1.5kg,布面待液率控制小于50%;轧槽不小于100kg,保证布面吃液充分;轧辊表面均匀,避免产生布面瑕疵。
定型发色要求:选择10到14节烘箱的定型机,确保能充分发色;定型机风速均匀,温度稳定,发色温度200~220℃,车速不高于80码,使布面发色充分,得色达到预期深度,布面牢度佳,且不产生白边。
定型机下机要求:测试干摩擦牢度不低于4级,水泡牢度不低于3.5级,初期防水效果不低于95分,要求免水洗效果达到还原清洗后上防水的效果,不能对后道工序产生影响。
染色后检测结果如表4所示。其中面料的防水效果依据标准《AATCC22-2017表面抗湿性》进行检测。
表4不同实施例防水同浴轧染的效果
面料 | 布面染色状况 | 初期防水效果 | |
实施例1 | 春亚纺 | 均匀 | 100分 |
实施例2 | 春亚纺 | 均匀 | 100分 |
实施例3 | 涤塔夫 | 均匀 | 95分 |
实施例4 | 涤塔夫 | 均匀 | 95分 |
实施例5 | 涤塔夫 | 均匀 | 100分 |
实施例6 | 箱包布 | 均匀 | 100分 |
实施例7 | 箱包布 | 均匀 | 95分 |
实施例8 | 箱包布 | 均匀 | 100分 |
对比例1 | 春亚纺 | 均匀性差 | 低于50分 |
对比例2 | 春亚纺 | 均匀性差 | 低于80分 |
对比例3 | 春亚纺 | 均匀性差 | 低于70分 |
由表4可以看出,利用本发明实施例提供的染色液进行防水同浴轧染,初期防水效果好,染色后一次定型发色即可加工成成品,免水洗,节省了一道水洗和一道定型的工序;而对比例采用的染色液无法达到染色与防水同浴一步加工的效果,初期防水效果差。
对比例4
1、调配染色液配方
2、连续染色工艺
工艺流程如下:春亚纺坯布准备(退浆-烘干)—一浸一轧—定型发色—还原洗—防水定型—打卷—压光—涂层。
本发明实施例的染色工艺与对比例4相比,要达到同样的染色、防水效果,节约了一道水洗和一道定型的成本。
本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于防水同浴轧染的染色液,其特征在于:包括一种或多种液体分散染料、重量百分比为0.5%~2.5%的防水剂以及重量百分比为0.2%~1.5%的防泳移剂;
其中,所述液体分散染料包括重量百分比为20%~30%的原分散染料和重量百分比为2%~10%的乳化分散剂,所述乳化分散剂为异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和马丙共聚物中的一种或多种;
所述防水剂按重量百分比包括:5%~15%丙烯酸十八酯、5%~15%全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯和2%~10%乳化剂,所述乳化剂为多元醇、异构醇、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、季铵盐1831和季铵盐1631中的一种或多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的染色液,其特征在于:所述原分散染料为分散橙30、分散橙31、分散橙61、分散橙288、分散红145、分散红153、分散红167、分散红343、分散蓝54、分散蓝56、分散蓝60、分散蓝79、分散蓝183:1、分散蓝291:1、分散紫93、分散黄114和分散黄211中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的染色液,其特征在于:所述液体分散染料还包括保湿剂、杀菌剂和消泡剂中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的染色液,其特征在于:所述保湿剂的重量百分比为1%~5%,所述杀菌剂的重量百分比为0.1%~0.3%,所述消泡剂的重量百分比为0.1%~0.3%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的染色液,其特征在于:所述液体分散染料的含固量为30%~35%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的染色液,其特征在于:所述防泳移剂为聚丙烯酸类化合物且为阴离子型。
7.根据权利要求6所述的染色液,其特征在于:所述防泳移剂为浙江传化公司生产的防泳移剂TF-392B、TF-312D、TF-312NW和TF-312FA中的一种或多种。
8.权利要求1-7任一所述的染色液在对面料进行防水同浴轧染中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于:包括将面料浸入所述染色液中进行浸轧,然后一次定型发色,即可直接加工成成品。
10.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于:所述面料为涤纶梭织面料。
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