CN114887001B - 一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,该中药组合物包括如下组分,以质量份计,太子参15‑20g,炒白术10‑12g,当归10‑15g,浮小麦25‑30g,麻黄根15‑20g,糯稻根15‑20g,瘪桃干12‑15g,防风10‑12g,桑叶10‑12g;其汤剂制备方法为:将中药组合物混合均匀,先后各加入600‑800ml水,煎煮2次,合并煎液,浓缩获得100‑200ml的汤剂,即获得所述汤剂;本发明采用中药配方,利用各中药成分各自的功效,并相互配合,对多汗症患者进行有效控制,且本发明中药配方成本低廉、疗效显著,安全性好,副作用小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗多汗症的中药配方组合物及其制备方法,属于中药配方技术领域。
背景技术
多汗症(Hyperidrosis),临床表现主要为在平静状态下,不受温度、心理、精神的因素干扰,而出现大量异常汗出,或全身性汗出,或局限于局部的汗出的一种病症[1]。多汗症主要是由于汗出异常而表现为汗出过多,甚至影响日常生活和工作,属于祖国医学“汗证”的范畴。汗证,其主要是因为机体内部阴阳、气血和脏腑功能发生障碍或失调而导致津液外泄而致周身或局部出汗异常过多为主要症状的一类疾病[2]。
对于“汗”的剖析,中医学的相关记载、追本溯源,可回顾到《黄帝内经》时期,《素问·宣明五气》曰:“五脏化液,心为汗”,明确指出汗为心之液,为心所主。汗液又是人体内津液正常生理活动中分泌的产物,《素问·经脉别论》说:“饮入于胃,游溢精气,上输于脾,脾气散精,上归于肺,通调水道,下输膀胱,水精四布,五经并行,合于四时五藏阴阳,揆度以为常也。”概括了津液的生成、输布、排泄的过程,需要仰赖脾的运化、肺的宣发肃降、肾的蒸腾气化作用等,同时也阐明了饮食水谷是津液生成的物质基础。心主血是心的生理功能之一,而《灵枢·决气》“中焦受气取汁,变化而赤,是谓血。”阐明血的生成是以中焦水谷精微为物质基础,可见血与汗生成的物质来源均取决于饮食水谷,因此有“血汗同源”、“夺血者无汗”、“夺汗者无血”之说。可见,汗为心之液,心之所藏,在内为血,在外为汗。汗由精气所化,不可多泄,汗与心的生理功能密切关联[3]。同时,汗不仅仅与肺的宣发肃降关系密切,更为重要的是,“肺主身之皮毛”。唐容川《医经精义》曰:“皮毛属肺,肺多孔窍以行气,而皮毛尽是孔窍,所以宣肺气,使出于皮毛以卫外也。”而“孔窍”即是汗出的通路。肺气宣发于外,顾护于外,使卫气处于皮毛成为抵御外邪、保护机体的防线。《灵枢·本脏》曰:“卫气者,所以温分肉,充皮肤,肥腠理,司开阖者也。”卫气司汗孔之开合,掌控汗液之排泄,这均是在肺气的宣发作用下实现的。肺宣发作用正常,则汗孔开阖有度,汗液排泄正常,若宣发太过则汗大泄,宣发不及则汗不出,故肺的宣发功能对于汗出起着决定性的作用[4]。汗液的正常与否与五脏功能密切相关,但是从汗液的生成和排泄角度来看,与其关系最为密切的当属心肺二脏。
现代医学将多汗症分为原发性多汗症和继发性多汗症,目前现代医学对于继发性多汗症主要针对其原发病治疗,而对于原发性多汗症有手术治疗和非手术治疗两大类。但手术治疗不仅风险高,且术后也存在可能无法有效改善汗出,而非手术治疗尽管安全性高,但是较易反复,同时也会出现药物副作用等。因此,运用中医手段,尤其是中药汤剂这种操作简单、价格低廉的方法来治疗多汗症,不仅能够有效缓解症状、解决病人的痛苦,更能够被大多数人所接受。
心气虚不能固摄、肺气虚腠理开合失司则汗液外泄,汗液外泄过多则更加伤津耗气,久之形成气阴两虚之象,愈虚则汗愈易泄。不仅在日常生活中给多汗症的患者造成诸多不便,长此以往,脏腑功能失调而,则易变生他病。根据30余年临床观察,大多数来就诊的患者,多属于气阴两虚而引起的汗出异常,临床表现为盗汗,常伴自汗,心烦少寐,寐后汗多,或伴低热,口干,手足心热。因此治疗上当从心肺入手,采取益气养阴,固表止汗的治疗方法。
发明内容
汗证气阴两虚型的患者,多平素体虚,遇邪易感,身体抵抗力较差,在治疗时,除了益气养阴以外,还应当从其体虚易感的体质入手固表敛汗,以标本兼治。本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗效果好、副作用小、使用方便的治疗多汗症的中药组合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
首先,本申请提供了一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物,包括以下质量的组分:
太子参15-20g;
炒白术10-12g;
当归10-15g;
浮小麦20-30g;
麻黄根15-20g;
糯稻根15-20g;
瘪桃干12-15g;
防风10-12g;
桑叶10-12g。
太子参,益气健脾、生津润肺。又名孩儿参、童参,其品味甘苦,性平偏凉,药效平和,为“轻补”之品。相较于人参大补元气而言,太子参具有益气生津之功效,更适用于气阴两虚之人。《饮片新参》言:“补脾肺之气,止汗生津,定虚悸。”太子参作用于脾、肺二经,脾气旺则气血生化功能强盛,水谷精微充盛,土能生金,脾旺则肺气足,肺气足则表固卫实。太子参为君药,奏益气生津、止汗补虚之功。
白术,健脾益气、燥湿利水、止汗、安胎。叶天士:“《本经》不分苍、白,功用正同。宋元以来始分用,谓白术苦甘气和,补中焦,除脾胃湿,用以止汗。”在《药性解》有云“有汗因脾虚,故能止之。”肺卫不固,腠理疏松,汗孔开,故汗出过多,气虚不能固摄津液,故动辄汗出。脾主四肢肌肉,肺主甚至皮毛。脾为肺之母,母旺则子盛。白术为臣药,培土生金,固表止汗。太子参、白术同用,共补肺脾之气,肺脾健则肌表充实,汗不易泄。
当归,补血活血、调经止痛、润肠通便。其性甘、辛、温,归肝、心、脾经。汗血同源,夺汗者无血,汗泄过多,则血亦不足。汗为心之液,肺主皮毛司腠理开合,肝藏血,当归归心、肺、肝经,补血活血和血,叶天士《本草经解》“肝为风,心为火,风火为阳,但热不寒者为温疟;风火乘肺,肺主皮毛,寒热洗洗在皮毛中,肺受风火之邪,不能固皮毛也。当归入心入肝,肝血足则风定,心血足则火息,而皮毛中寒热自愈。”其为臣药,与太子参、白术合用,津血双补,气阴同调,共奏益气养阴,津血双补之功。
浮小麦,益气、止汗、除热;性甘,凉。入心经。止虚汗盗汗,生津液,为止汗专药。《本草纲目》言其可“益气除热,止自汗盗汗,骨蒸虚热,妇人劳热。”可用于体虚多汗,专敛虚汗[5]。麻黄根,固表止汗。《本草正义》言:“能使外发之汗敛而不出。”故为固表止汗之要药。糯稻根,固表止汗、退虚热、益胃生津;性甘、平,归肺、胃、肾经。瘪桃干,生津止渴、养胃除烦,收敛止汗,专奏止汗之功。以上四味药共为佐药,治疗体虚汗出,止汗效著。
防风,祛风解表、胜湿止痛、止痉。桑叶,疏散风热、清肺润燥、清肝明目。防风、桑叶方中共为使药。防风走表以祛风邪,防风又被称为是“风中之润剂”,药性平和,微温不燥,甘缓不峻,祛风又不伤津。《本草经解》“防风气温,禀天春和风木之气,入足厥阴肝经;味甘无毒,得地中正之土味,入足太阴脾经。气味俱升,阳也。”不仅祛风,还有生生之气。桑叶亦能走表入太阳经,《神农本草经》和《本草经集注》均言其:“主除寒热,出汗。”其性味甘、苦、寒,叶天士在《本草经解》中提到“桑叶入太阳,苦能清,甘能和,故除寒热。汗者心之液,得膀胱气化而出者;桑叶入膀胱而有燥湿之性,所以出汗也。”因此不仅能够解决太阳病寒热问题,还能够止出汗。同时其归肺经,清肺润燥,与防风一起共为使药,配伍太子参、白术,使卫强而腠理固密,汗止而外无所扰。
全方选药,益气养阴,固表止汗。临床用于治疗多汗症疗效高,同时具有价格便宜、用药方便、毒副作用低的优点,值得进一步临床推广。
其次,本申请还提供了如上述中药组合物的制备方法,具体如下:按照上述重量份称取各类药材混合均匀,先后各加入600-800ml水,煎煮2次,合并煎液,浓缩获得100-200ml的汤剂,即得所述中药汤剂。
在具体实践中,如上所述的汤剂的使用方法为:共取100-200ml上述汤剂,视患者承受程度,早晚各服用50-100ml。所述中药的用药疗程为30d一疗程,巩固治疗需要2-3个疗程,在病发和治疗过程中可以根据病情需要使用,无毒副作用。
上述配方中药组合物中还可以添加一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂的药物组合物,制备成蜜丸、胶囊、颗粒冲剂等其他药剂形式。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明采用中药配方,利用各中药成分各自的功效,并相互配合,对多汗症患者进行有效控制,且本发明中药配方成本低廉、安全性好,副作用小。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例,详细说明本发明的具体实施方式:
实施例1:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参20g,炒白术12g,当归15g,浮小麦30g,麻黄根20g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干12g,防风10g,桑叶10g。
实施例2:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参15g,炒白术12g,当归10g,浮小麦30g,麻黄根20g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干12g,防风10g,桑叶10g。
实施例3:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参15g,炒白术10g,当归12g,浮小麦30g,麻黄根20g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干12g,防风10g,桑叶10g。
实施例4:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参12g,炒白术12g,当归10g,浮小麦20g,麻黄根20g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干12g,防风10g,桑叶10g。
实施例5:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参12g,炒白术10g,当归15g,浮小麦30g,麻黄根18g,糯稻根20g,瘪桃干12g,防风10g,桑叶12g。
实施例6:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参20g,炒白术12g,当归15g,浮小麦30g,麻黄根16g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干12g,防风12g,桑叶12g。
实施例7:一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物及其汤剂制备方法,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参15g,炒白术12g,当归10g,浮小麦25g,麻黄根15g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干15g,防风10g,桑叶12g。
将上述实施例1-7中的任一组分混合后,先后各加入600-800ml水,煎煮2次,合并煎液,最终浓缩获得100-200ml汤剂,获得即得所述中药汤剂。其使用方法为:共取100-200ml上述汤剂,视患者承受程度,早晚各服用50-100ml。
实施例8:中药组合物对多汗症患者临床治疗的效果
试验方法:选取西医诊断符合多汗证,中医诊断符合自汗、盗汗范畴患者进行临床疗效试验。
关于多汗症的诊断标准,2004年美国皮肤病协会组织,由来自不同国家的20多个单位的专家组成的协作小组制定[6]:
①身体两侧多汗部位呈对称性分布;
②每周都会发作一次及以上;
③初次发病年龄<25岁;
④有家族史;
⑤睡眠时多无汗;
⑥影响正常的工作和学习。
无明显诱因情况下出现肉眼可见的汗腺分泌亢进持续6个月以上并符合以上条件中任意两项即可确诊为多汗症。
自汗、盗汗中医诊断依据,参照《中医病证诊断疗效标准》:
①不因外界环境影响,在头面、颈胸、或四肢全身出汗者。
②昼日汗出溱溱,动则益甚为自汗,醒后汗止者为盗汗。
③必要时作X线胸部摄片,痰涂片找抗酸杆菌以及作抗“O”、血沉、粘蛋白、T3、T4基础代谢等检查以排除肺痨、风湿痹、甲亢等。
《中医病证诊断疗效标准》:
治愈:汗止,其他症状消失;
好转:汗出明显减少,其他症状改善;
未愈:出汗及其他症状均无变化。
参照以上诊断标准,选定符合标准,且以汗出过多、活动后尤甚,怕风、平素易感为主要临床表现的多汗症患者共120例,采用随机、单盲、对照研究的试验方法,将其随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例。
治疗组服用一种治疗多汗症的中药配方组成,每剂中包括以下质量的组分:太子参15g,炒白术12g,当归15g,浮小麦30g,麻黄根20g,糯稻根15g,瘪桃干12g,防风12g,桑叶10g。
混合后,加入600ml水,煎煮2次,合并煎液,最终浓缩获得200ml汤剂,获得即得所述中药汤剂。其使用方法为:共取200ml上述汤剂,早晚各服用100ml。
对照组给予谷维素治疗。
2组均连续服药30d为1个疗程,每7d复诊1次,观察时间为1个疗程。治疗1个疗程后,观察2组治疗前后症状缓解情况。具体结果见表1:
表1两组治疗前后疗效比较(例,%)
注:与对照组比较,△P<0.01
表1研究结果显示:治疗组治愈率为51.25%,有效率为91.25%,明显优于对照组治愈率(19.23%)及有效率(46.15%),均具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。说明一种治疗多汗症的中药配方可以有效缓解患者汗出过多、怕风、易感,倦怠乏力等症状,对提高患者生活质量起重要作用。
本发明采用中药配方,利用各中药成分各自的功效,并相互配合,对多汗症患者进行症状的有效控制,且本发明中药配方成本低廉、安全性好,副作用小。
以上已以较佳实施例公开了本发明,然其并非用以限制本发明,凡采用等同替换或者等效变换方式所获得的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
参考文献:
[1]Bahar R,Chou P,Liu Y,et al.The prevalence of anxiety anddepression in patients with or whithout hyperhidrosis(HH).JAm AcadDermatol.2016;75(6):1126-1133.
[2]杨雨翔.敛汗方治疗阴虚火旺型中老年汗证患者的机理及临床研究[D].南京中医药大学,2020.
[3]程绍民,喻松仁.浅析《内经》从脏腑论汗[J].上海中医药杂志,2008(11):62-63.
[4]张星,马月香.基于“肺主皮毛”探析汗与肺的相关性[J].山东中医药大学学报,2021,45(3):331-335
[5]杨浩宇,张莉莉,顾成娟,仝小林.黄芪、浮小麦、煅牡蛎治疗虚汗多经验——仝小林三味小方撷萃[J].吉林中医药,2020,40(04):425-427.DOI:10.13463/j.cnki.jlzyy.2020.04.002.
[6]虞瑞尧.多汗症诊断和治疗进展[J].实用皮肤病学杂志,2008,(01):6-7+61。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗多汗症的中药组合物,其特征在于,该中药组合物包括以下重量比的中药成分:
太子参15-20g;
炒白术10-12g;
当归10-15g;
浮小麦20-30g;
麻黄根15-20g;
糯稻根15-20g;
瘪桃干12-15g;
防风10-12g;
桑叶10-12g。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述治疗多汗症的中药组合物的汤剂制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:将所述中药组合物混合均匀,先后各加入600-800ml水,煎煮2次,合并煎液,浓缩获得100-200ml的汤剂,即获得所述治疗多汗症的中药组合物汤剂。
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