CN114875857B - Device and method suitable for comprehensive treatment of debris flow after burning of traces of land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method suitable for comprehensive treatment of debris flow after burning of a track. Domatic safeguard procedures utilizes unmanned aerial vehicle or manpower to sow grass seeds to the upstream domatic in burnt track mud-rock flow basin, and artifical tree planting reduces soil erosion and water loss. Meanwhile, the simple slope surface blocking device is manufactured by utilizing the trunks and treetops of the logs, so that slope surface erosion is weakened. The material source cleaning measures aim at the whole area of the debris flow of the burned land, and branches and trunks of the burned trees are transferred to a safety zone to prevent the branches and trunks from participating in the starting of the debris flow. In the branch ditch blocking measures, a log residue blocking device is arranged in an upstream ditch to block most of dry branches and fallen leaves in the ditch; the simple check dam is arranged on the main ditch and the branch ditch at the middle upstream in the flow field to intercept most solid matters in the middle upstream. The downstream treatment measures of the main ditch adopt conventional debris flow treatment methods, including a sand blocking dam and a grit chamber. The method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate and easy to understand, most engineering raw materials can be obtained on site, the construction difficulty is low, the cost is saved, and the method is green and environment-friendly.

Description

Device and method suitable for comprehensive treatment of debris flow after burning of traces of land

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of prevention and control of post-fire debris flow disasters, in particular to a device and a method suitable for comprehensive treatment of post-fire debris flow in a burned area.

Background

The post-fire debris flow is a common geological disaster which occurs after forest fire in mountainous areas with thick vegetation, and is closely related to fire behavior in terms of disaster mechanism, easiness in development evaluation and development characteristics. Forest fires often improve the possibility that debris flow is burst in trenches in burned areas, and form great threat to villages, roads and buildings at the trench openings. The first rainy season after forest fire is usually the period in which debris flow is most prone to happening after fire, so that the prevention and treatment of the debris flow after fire need to be as rapid as possible. The conventional debris flow treatment measures and the implementation method have the advantages that the time required by design and construction is long, the restriction by the terrain is large, and the research on the treatment measures of the debris flow after the burning track is burned is less. Therefore, it becomes important to research rapid and efficient measures for treating the debris flow after the fire.

The conventional debris flow treatment measures comprise methods such as blocking, draining and dredging, silt stopping and the like. The method is mainly determined based on the debris flow channel form and the threatened object, wherein the treatment measures aiming at the channel bank slope are less, and the construction difficulty is extremely high in the area with larger slope and complex terrain; in addition, forest fires often occur 1-2 months before the beginning of a rainy season, which results in the work of treating the debris flow after the fire is often urgent.

In conclusion, the conventional debris flow treatment measures have long treatment period and are difficult to quickly, timely and efficiently prevent and treat debris flow after the burning out of the ground; and the conventional treatment measures are mainly arranged aiming at downstream channels and groove openings, so the interception and drainage pressure of the measures such as a sand dam, a drainage groove and the like is higher, the construction cost is higher, and the use of the conventional building materials also can cause certain environmental pollution problems. Therefore, it is very important to develop environmental protection, rapid and efficient treatment measures for the debris flow after fire in the current stage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing measures for preventing and treating the debris flow after the fire, the invention provides a device and a method suitable for comprehensively treating the debris flow after the fire on the track to quickly, timely and efficiently prevent and treat the debris flow after the fire on the track.

Device suitable for mud-rock flow synthesizes and administers behind burnt track ground fire includes:

arranging a slope log intercepting device on an upstream slope of a debris flow basin, arranging a log slag blocking device on the upstream of a main ditch and on the middle upstream of partial branch ditch channels, arranging a simple check dam on the middle upstream of the main ditch and on the middle downstream of the branch ditch, and arranging a sand blocking dam and a grit chamber at the ditch opening of the main ditch;

a slope log blocking device is characterized in that a blocking log is transversely arranged along the slope contour line, two branch wood tips are inserted before the blocking log is blocked on the slope to prevent the blocking log from rolling, two ends of the blocking log are overlapped by log saw blades and are fixed by steel nails, so that two ends of the blocking log are closed. The intercepting logs and the log saw blades jointly form a simple intercepting system;

the device comprises a log slag blocking device and a plurality of slag blocking logs, wherein two slag blocking clamping grooves suitable for placing the slag blocking logs are respectively arranged on bank slopes on two sides of a channel, the slag blocking logs are sequentially clamped into the slag blocking clamping grooves, the used slag blocking logs are gradually lengthened from bottom to top so as to be matched with the shape of the upstream channel, meanwhile, wood piers are clamped between the slag blocking logs, a certain distance is ensured between the adjacent slag blocking logs, so that water and small-particle solid matters are allowed to pass through, most branches and large-block stones in the upstream channel are blocked, and the blocking pressure of the downstream simple check dam is reduced;

the simple check log dam comprises check logs and soil and stone stacking gunny bag braided bodies, and the multistage check logs are clamped into the grooves of the check dam on the two banks of the trench to play a role in blocking and fixing the soil and stone stacking gunny bag braided bodies; the soil and stone piling gunny bag weaving body is formed by weaving gunny bags filled with gravel soil into a whole through steel wires, and is arranged in a double-trapezoid layered mode. The simple check dam is used as a gravity type blocking body to block most solid matters in the upstream channel, and prevent the solid matters from converging into the main channel to participate in debris flow movement;

the sand blocking dam is arranged at a narrow part of a ditch opening, most solid matters in the main ditch are blocked by the gravity type concrete dam body, the front dam protection is assisted in front of the dam to reduce the scouring effect, the sand content of water flow passing through the overflow opening and the water drainage hole is reduced by using the grit chamber, and the pollution to a downstream water source is reduced.

The method suitable for comprehensive treatment of debris flow after burning of the traces of land comprises the following steps:

and (3) taking a material source cleaning measure:

step 1, identifying an object source: in burned plots, burnt branches and fallen leaves which are easy to participate in debris flow movement, slope ash and loose soil are selected as cleaning objects, and cleaning is performed on the insides of trenches and bank slopes of the trenches emphatically.

Step 2, clearing a transfer source: the gentle topography in the search burn area can be placed after the incomplete branch fallen leaves are tied up with the rope made of hemp after burning, and small-size rubble and ashes can be collected and stack after, and the accumulation body slope guarantees to need to be less than the bank slope natural gradient, reduces its possibility of participating in the mud-rock flow motion as far as possible.

Slope log intercepting measures:

step 1, selecting points and embedding wood tips: selecting a place with serious vegetation burning as a preset place in a debris flow circulation area of a burned land, selecting two point positions with constant height on a slope surface, and respectively digging two pits with the diameter smaller than that of a wood tip and the depth more than half of the length of the wood tip; selecting branches nearby, sharpening one end into a wood tip, inserting the wood tip into the pit and tamping.

Step 2, placing logs: intercepting logs with strength and toughness kept after being cut down and burned nearby at a preset position are transversely placed behind two embedded wood tips, so that the intercepting logs are horizontally placed as much as possible, and the placed intercepting logs are hammered downwards to ensure that the intercepting logs are firmly embedded into the ground.

Step 3, sealing two ends of the log: two log saw blades are sawn at two ends of an intercepting log transversely respectively, the two ends of the intercepting log are nailed and fixed by steel nails in an overlapping way, then the log saw blades are hammered downwards to ensure that the log saw blades are firmly embedded into the ground, the two ends are sealed, and the scouring is weakened; and (3) repeating the step (1) on the outer sides of the log saw blades at the two ends of the nailed part, and burying the wood tips for tamping, thereby enhancing the strength of the two ends.

Vegetation slope protection measures:

step 1, selecting a concave terrain with a relatively slow gradient in a debris flow circulation area of a burned land, and manually or unmanned sowing grass seeds and tree seeds;

and 2, digging a pit at a position with a steep slope in a debris flow circulation area of the burned track, and manually carrying the small saplings to carry out manual tree planting, so that the scouring effect of rainfall on the slope surface is weakened, and the water and soil loss is reduced.

The log residue blocking device comprises:

step 1, trench bank slope grooving: an upstream channel with a V-shaped channel shape is selected, two slag blocking clamping grooves with the width slightly smaller than the diameter of the slag blocking log are respectively dug at the same positions of bank slopes on two sides in the channel, and the slag blocking log can be firmly embedded into two banks.

Step 2, placing logs: selecting the residue blocking logs with sequentially increasing lengths, embedding two ends of each residue blocking log into the bank slope residue blocking clamping grooves from bottom to top, and transversely placing wood piers between the adjacent logs in the residue blocking clamping grooves for tamping in order to ensure that a certain distance exists between the adjacent residue blocking logs.

Simple check dam:

step 1, digging grooves and placing logs: selecting a middle upstream channel with a V-shaped channel shape, reserving an enhanced operation space for restoration after the channel is full of the warehouse, and respectively digging two check grooves of the check dam with the width slightly smaller than the diameter of the check log at the same positions of bank slopes on two sides in the channel to ensure that the check log can be firmly embedded into two banks; the blocking logs with strength and toughness are kept after the fire is cut down on site, and the blocking logs with the longer length are sequentially and tightly placed along the dug check grooves of the check dam from bottom to top.

Step 2, manufacturing a gunny bag woven body: selecting gravel soil on site, putting the gravel soil into a gunny bag, and tightening and compacting the gravel soil; and laying a steel wire woven net at the bottom of the ditch, then placing a gunny bag filled with soil and stones on the woven net, and drawing the steel wire woven net in to weave a layer of gunny bag woven body. Before the second layer of gunny bags are placed, the steel wires of the hooping gunny bags of the second layer are woven with the steel wires of the first layer. By analogy, the steel wires of every two adjacent layers are buckled by the ring, so that the sacks are woven into an integral dam shape, the simple check dam body is in a double-trapezoid shape, namely the front view is in an inverted trapezoid shape from top to bottom, and the side view is in a regular trapezoid shape from top to bottom;

step 3, enhancing and repairing after the debris flow outbreak: and (3) after the simple check dam is fully silted up, taking the solid matters intercepted at the upstream of the simple check dam as gunny bag fillers, and then repeating the step (1) and the step (2), continuously building a new check dam in front of the original check dam, so that the new check dam and the original dam form a whole, and the simple check dam is prevented from forming a collapse blockage point when the next debris flow outbreak occurs.

Treatment measures of the trench opening:

step 1, selecting a field and designing and calculating: selecting a narrow part of the trench as a dam site, and calculating design parameters such as the flow velocity, the impact force and the like of the debris flow at the narrow part according to corresponding design specifications; and designing a proper dam shape size.

Step 2, construction and arrangement: according to the design content, a concrete gravity type sand blocking dam is built at the dam site, and meanwhile, a dam front apron and a grit chamber are arranged in front of the dam, so that most solid matters in the main ditch are intercepted, the water flow gravity passing through an overflow port and a drain hole is reduced, ash and sandy soil are deposited, and the downstream water source is prevented from being polluted.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention adopts emergency and permanent treatment measures aiming at the slope and the channel in the burned land debris flow field, has strong pertinence and covers the universe; the method has the following specific advantages:

firstly, a material source cleaning measure is used for cleaning an easily started animal source in a burnt area in the first step, so that the forming condition of debris flow is weakened;

secondly, vegetation slope protection measures and slope log intercepting devices are used, so that the recovery of a burned land ecological system is accelerated, the slope erosion intensity and the water and soil loss amount are reduced, the possibility that ash and loose silt flow into a main ditch to increase the volume weight of debris flow is reduced, and the outbreak probability of the debris flow after fire is reduced;

thirdly, in the slope surface log protection measure, the log is prevented from rolling by using the wood tips, and meanwhile, the two ends are sealed by using the saw blades, so that the strength and the silt interception capability of the slope surface log are improved;

fourthly, the log residue blocking device is used for blocking the residual branches and fallen leaves in the upstream channel, so that the pressure of a series of treatment measures at the downstream is reduced, and the possibility of channel blockage and collapse is reduced;

fifthly, the simple check dam is used, the log and gunny bag braided bodies are utilized to intercept debris flow rushing-out objects in the channel, so that debris flow rushing-out amount is reduced, destructive power of the debris flow is weakened, and meanwhile, a repairing and reinforcing means after the debris flow is erupted and silted is adopted, so that the reservoir capacity is cleaned, and meanwhile, the dam body is reinforced, and the debris flow is prevented from becoming a plugging and collapsing point in the debris flow eruption process;

in the permanent treatment measures, a traditional debris flow sand dam is arranged at the downstream of the main ditch to block solid matters which are not intercepted in the upstream emergency measures; the grit chamber is arranged in front of the sand blocking dam, so that the sand content of overflowed water flow is reduced, and pollution caused when the overflowed water flow is converged into a river is avoided;

and seventhly, most engineering materials mentioned in treatment measures can be directly obtained on site, so that the construction and transportation pressure is reduced, the cost is saved, and the method is green and environment-friendly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slope log intercepting apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a branch trench log retention measure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a simple check dam;

FIG. 4 is a schematic layered view of a braided body of a sack;

FIG. 5 is a side view of a simple check dam;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a gully dam and a grit chamber;

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the treatment of burned areas.

Note that: 11: intercepting logs, 111: steel nail, 112: log saw blade, 12: wood tip, 13: interception of the sludge body, 131: sludge bottom width, 132: sludge length, 21: waste-blocking log, 22: wood pier, 23: slag blocking clamping groove, 24: upstream channel, 31: retaining logs, 32: check groove of check dam, 33: gunny bag (filling soil stone), 34: steel wire, 35: intermediate upstream channel, 41: sand dam, 411: overflow port, 412: drain hole, 413: dam front apron, 42: grit chamber, 43: groove, 51: debris flow field, 511: main trench channel, 512: trench, 52: simple check dam, 53: log trash device, 54: log slope surface intercepting device.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

The set of measures for treating the debris flow after the burning of the traces of the fire comprises emergency measures and permanent measures, wherein the emergency measures comprise slope surface protection measures, source cleaning measures and middle and upstream simple blocking devices, the permanent measures comprise the traditional debris flow treatment projects of arranging a sand blocking dam, a grit chamber and the like at the main ditch mouth, and the schematic plan layout of all measures is shown in figure 7.

The slope protection measures comprise a slope log intercepting device and vegetation slope protection measures.

As shown in fig. 1, the slope log intercepting device is generally placed on a slope in a debris flow basin, a trunk burnt by fire but keeping strength and toughness is cut down nearby a preset point, the intercepting logs 11 are transversely placed along a slope contour line, two branch wood tips 12 are inserted in front of the slope of the intercepting logs 11 to prevent the intercepting logs 11 from rolling, the two ends of the intercepting logs 11 are overlapped by log saw blades 112 and are nailed by steel nails 111, so that the two ends of the intercepting logs 11 are more closed. The intercepted logs 11 and the log saw blades 112 jointly form a simple blocking system, a blocking sludge body 13 is formed after the logs 11 are intercepted, the bottom width 131 of the sludge body is close to the length of the two log saw blades 112, and the length 132 of the sludge body is close to the length of the intercepted logs 11, so that the erosion amount of a slope surface is reduced, partial slope surface ash and soil loose layers are prevented from converging into a main ditch, the difficulty of forming high-sand-content debris flow is increased, and the possibility of carrying larger stones is reduced.

The vegetation slope protection measures comprise measures of manual work, unmanned aerial vehicle grass seed sowing, manual tree planting and the like. The seeds of the plants with stronger root system tensile strength are sown manually or by an unmanned aerial vehicle at the position where the slope of the burned area is slower, and for recovering the vegetation coverage area as soon as possible in a severe burning area, the trees are planted manually, so that the water and soil loss is reduced.

The material source cleaning measures comprise cleaning of burned tree branches in the slope surface and the channel, emphatically cleaning of the residual branches, leaves and ash in the channel and the bank slope, and arranging the relatively complete branches at the position with a relatively slow slope in the burning area after being tied and fixed by hemp ropes. And collecting and stacking the ash and the loose soil at a position with a relatively slow slope, and simultaneously ensuring that the slope of a stacking body is smaller than a natural slope angle. In conclusion, the debris flow starting source amount is reduced through source cleaning, and hidden danger points of blockage in the channel are reduced.

The middle-upstream simple blocking device consists of a log residue blocking device and a simple check dam.

The log residue blocking device is shown in figure 2 and is composed of a plurality of residue blocking logs 21 and is generally placed in a debris flow upstream channel 24, two residue blocking clamping grooves 23 suitable for being placed in logs are dug in bank slopes on two sides of the upstream channel 24 respectively, the residue blocking logs 21 with proper diameters are selected and sequentially clamped into the residue blocking clamping grooves 23, meanwhile, wood piers 22 are clamped between the residue blocking logs 21, a certain gap is guaranteed between adjacent logs, so that water and partial solid matters are allowed to pass through, most dead branches, fallen leaves and broken stones in branch channels are blocked, the dead branches, fallen leaves and broken stones are prevented from converging into a main channel to participate in debris flow movement, and the blocking pressure of a downstream simple check dam is reduced.

The simple check dam is shown in fig. 3, the layered display of the sack-woven body is shown in fig. 4, the side view of the simple check dam is shown in fig. 5, the simple check dam is composed of check logs 31 and earth and stone accumulation sack-woven bodies, the simple check dam is generally placed in an upstream channel 35 in debris flow, and the multi-stage check logs 31 are clamped into grooves 32 of check dams at two banks of the channel to be closely arranged to block and fix the earth and stone accumulation sack-woven bodies. The earth and stone piled jute bag knitted body is knitted by jute bags 33 filled with gravel soil through steel wires 34, a steel wire 34 knitted net is laid at the bottom of a ditch, the jute bags 33 filled with earth and stone are placed, and the steel wire 34 net is furled to knit a layer of jute bag knitted body. Before the second layer of sacks 33 is placed, the steel wires 34 of the hooping sacks 33 on the second layer are woven with the steel wires 34 on the first layer, and so on, the steel wires on every two adjacent layers are buckled with each other to form an integral dam shape, and then the sacks are placed in a double-trapezoid shape according to the width and the depth of the channel. The check dam is integrally used as a gravity type blocking body to block most solid matters wrapped by the debris flow at the middle upstream, so that the solid matters are prevented from converging into the main ditch to participate in the movement of the debris flow, and the volume weight of the debris flow and the capability of carrying the lump stones are further reduced.

The treatment measures of the gully comprise a sand blocking dam and a grit chamber, as shown in fig. 6, the sand blocking dam 41 is arranged at the gully 43 of the main gully, most solid matters in the main gully are blocked by a gravity type concrete dam body, and a flat guard 413 and a grit chamber 42 are additionally arranged in front of the dam, so that the volume weight of water flow passing through an overflow port 411 and a drain hole 412 is reduced, and the pollution to river water is reduced.

The treatment of the burned land is arranged on the plane as shown in fig. 7, a slope log intercepting device 54 is arranged on the upstream slope of the debris flow basin 51, a log slag blocking device 53 is arranged on the upstream of the main ditch 511 and in part of the branch ditch 512, a simple check dam 52 is arranged on the downstream of the main ditch 511 and in the branch ditch 512, and a sand blocking dam 41 and a grit chamber 42 are arranged at the ditch mouth of the main ditch.

The invention relates to an application method of a comprehensive treatment measure suitable for debris flow after burning a fire, which comprises the following steps of:

and (3) taking a material source cleaning measure:

step 1, identifying an object source: the method is characterized in that burnt branches and fallen leaves which are easy to participate in debris flow movement, slope ash and loose soil are selected as cleaning objects in a burned land, and the inside of a channel and the position of a channel bank slope are emphatically cleaned.

Step 2, clearing a transfer source: the gentle topography in the search burned land can be placed after the incomplete branch fallen leaves are tied up with the rope made of hemp after burning, and small-size rubble and ashes can be collected and stack after, and the accumulation body slope guarantees to need to be less than the bank slope natural gradient, guarantees it as far as possible not to participate in the mud-rock flow motion.

Slope log intercepting measures:

step 1, selecting points and embedding wood tips: selecting a place with serious vegetation burning as a preset place in a debris flow circulation area of a burned land, selecting two point positions with constant height on a slope surface, and respectively digging two pits with the diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the wood tip 12 and the depth exceeding half of the length of the wood tip 12; branches with higher strength are selected nearby, and one end of each branch is sharpened into a wood tip 12 which is inserted into a pit for tamping.

Step 2, placing logs: the intercepting logs 11 with strength and toughness kept after the fire is cut down nearby at the preset position are transversely placed behind two embedded wood tips 12, so that the intercepting logs 11 are horizontally placed as much as possible, the placed intercepting logs 11 are hammered downwards, and the intercepting logs 11 are firmly embedded into the ground.

Step 3, sealing two ends of the log: two log saw blades 112 are sawn at two ends of the intercepting log 11 respectively in a transverse mode, the log saw blades 112 are nailed and fixed at two ends of the intercepting log 11 in an overlapping mode through steel nails 111, then the wood tip 12 is hammered downwards, the fact that the wood tip is firmly embedded into the ground is guaranteed, two ends are closed, and scouring is weakened; step 1 is repeated outside the log blades 112 at both ends of the nail, and the embedded wood tips 12 are tamped, thereby enhancing the strength at both ends.

Vegetation slope protection measures:

step 1, selecting a concave terrain with a relatively slow gradient in a debris flow circulation area of a burned land, and manually or unmanned sowing grass seeds and tree seeds;

and 2, digging a pit at a position with a steep slope in a debris flow circulation area of the burned track, and manually carrying the small saplings to carry out manual tree planting, so that the scouring effect of rainfall on the slope surface is weakened, and the water and soil loss is reduced.

Log trash device:

step 1, trench bank slope grooving: an upstream channel 24 with a V-shaped channel shape is selected, two slag blocking clamping grooves 23 with the width slightly smaller than the diameter of the slag blocking log 21 are dug at the same positions of bank slopes on two sides in the channel respectively, and the slag blocking log 21 can be firmly embedded into two banks.

Step 2, placing logs: selecting the slag-blocking logs 21 with sequentially increasing lengths, embedding two ends of each slag-blocking log 21 into the bank slope slag-blocking clamping groove 23 from bottom to top, and transversely placing wood piers 22 between the adjacent logs in the slag-blocking clamping grooves 23 for tamping in order to ensure that a certain distance exists between the adjacent slag-blocking logs 21.

Simple check dam:

step 1, grooving and placing logs: selecting a middle upstream channel 35 with a V-shaped channel shape, reserving an operation space for restoration and reinforcement after the storage is full, and respectively digging two check grooves 32 of the check dam with the width slightly smaller than the diameter of the check log 31 at the same positions of bank slopes on two sides in the channel to ensure that the check log 31 can be firmly embedded into two banks; the blocking logs 31 with strength and toughness are kept after the local cutting and burning, and the blocking logs 31 with longer length are sequentially and tightly placed along the dug check groove 32 of the check dam from bottom to top.

Step 2, manufacturing a gunny bag woven body: selecting gravels soil on site, putting into a gunny bag 33, and tightening and compacting; and laying a steel wire 34 woven net at the bottom of the ditch, then placing a gunny bag 33 filled with soil and stones on the woven net, and drawing the steel wire 34 woven net to weave a layer of gunny bag woven body. Before placing the second layer of sacks, the steel wires 34 of the second layer of hooping sacks are woven together with the steel wires 34 of the first layer. By analogy, the steel wires 34 of every two adjacent layers are buckled with each other in a ring mode, so that the sacks are woven to form an integral dam shape, the simple check dam body is in a double-trapezoid shape, namely the front view is in an inverted trapezoid shape from top to bottom, and the side view is in a regular trapezoid shape from top to bottom.

Step 3, enhancing and repairing after the debris flow outbreak: and (3) after the simple check dam is fully silted up, taking the solid matters intercepted at the upstream of the simple check dam as gunny bag fillers, then repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and continuously building a new check dam in front of the original check dam so that the new check dam and the original dam form a whole, thereby preventing the simple check dam from forming a collapse point when the debris flow is burst next time.

Treatment measures of the trench opening:

step 1, selecting a field and designing and calculating: selecting a narrow part of the trench 43 as a dam site, and calculating design parameters such as the flow velocity, the impact force and the like of the debris flow at the narrow part according to corresponding design specifications; and designing a proper dam shape size.

Step 2, construction and arrangement: according to the design content, a concrete gravity type sand blocking dam 41 is built at the dam site, and a dam front apron 413 and a grit chamber 42 are additionally arranged in front of the dam, so that most solid matters in the main ditch are intercepted, the water flow gravity passing through the overflow port 411 and the water drainage hole 412 is reduced, ash and sand are deposited, and the downstream water source is prevented from being polluted.

Claims (2)

1. Device suitable for mud-rock flow synthesizes behind burnt track ground fire administers, its characterized in that includes:

slope log blocking devices (54) are arranged on the upstream slope of a debris flow basin (51), log blocking devices (53) are arranged on the upstream of a main ditch channel (511) and in part of the middle upstream of a branch ditch channel (512), simple check dam (52) are arranged on the middle upstream of the main ditch channel (511) and in the middle downstream of the branch ditch channel (512), and a sand blocking dam (41) and a grit chamber (42) are arranged at the ditch mouth of the main ditch;

the slope log intercepting device (54) comprises intercepting logs (11) which are transversely arranged along the contour line of the slope, two branch wood tips (12) are inserted into the front of the intercepting logs (11) to prevent the intercepting logs (11) from rolling, two ends of the intercepting logs (11) are overlapped by log saw blades (112) and are nailed by steel nails (111) to seal two ends of the intercepting logs (11); the intercepting log (11) and the log saw blade (112) form a simple blocking system together;

the log slag blocking device (53) comprises a plurality of slag blocking logs (21), two slag blocking clamping grooves (23) suitable for placing the slag blocking logs (21) are respectively arranged on bank slopes on two sides of a trench, the slag blocking logs (21) are sequentially clamped into the slag blocking clamping grooves (23), the used slag blocking logs (21) are gradually lengthened from bottom to top so as to fit the shape of an upstream trench (24), meanwhile, wood piers (22) are clamped between the slag blocking logs (21), a certain distance is ensured between adjacent slag blocking logs (21), water and small-particle solid matters are allowed to pass through, most branches and large stones in the upstream trench (24) are blocked, and the blocking pressure of a downstream check dam is reduced;

the simple check dam (52) comprises check logs (31) and earth and stone accumulation gunny bag woven bodies, and the multi-stage check logs (31) are clamped into check grooves (32) of check dams at two banks of the trench to play a role in blocking and fixing the earth and stone accumulation gunny bag woven bodies; the soil and stone stacking gunny bag weaving body is formed by weaving and fixing gunny bags (33) filled with gravel soil through steel wires (34) into a whole and is arranged in a double-trapezoid layered manner; the simple check dam is used as a gravity type blocking body to block most solid matters in the middle upstream channel (35) and prevent the solid matters from converging into the main channel to participate in debris flow movement;

the sand blocking dam (41) is arranged at the narrow part of the ditch opening (43), most solid matters of the main ditch are blocked by a gravity type concrete dam body, a dam front apron (413) is additionally arranged in front of the dam to reduce the scouring effect, and the sand content of water flow passing through the overflow opening (411) and the drain hole (412) is reduced by using the grit chamber (42), so that the pollution to a downstream water source is reduced.

2. The method for comprehensively treating the debris flow after the burn land is characterized by utilizing the device suitable for comprehensively treating the debris flow after the burn land according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

and (3) material source cleaning measures:

step 1, identifying an object source: selecting burnt branches and fallen leaves which are easy to participate in debris flow movement, slope ash and loose soil as cleaning objects in a burned area, and mainly cleaning the interior of a trench and a trench bank slope;

step 2, clearing a transfer source: finding a gentle terrain in a burnt land, binding and fixing residual branches and fallen leaves after burning by using hemp ropes, and then placing the residual branches and fallen leaves, wherein small-sized broken stones and ash can be collected and stacked, the gradient of a stacking body is ensured to be smaller than the natural gradient of a bank slope, and the possibility of participating in the movement of a debris flow is reduced as much as possible;

slope log intercepting measures:

step 1, selecting points and embedding wood tips: selecting a place with serious vegetation burning as a preset place in a debris flow circulation area of a burned land, selecting two point positions with constant height on a slope surface, and respectively digging two pits with the diameter smaller than that of the wood tip (12) and the depth more than half of the length of the wood tip (12); selecting branches nearby, sharpening one end into a wood tip (12), inserting the wood tip into the pit and tamping;

step 2, placing logs: the method comprises the following steps that (1) intercepting logs (11) with strength and toughness are kept after the fire is cut down nearby at a preset position, the intercepting logs (11) are transversely placed behind two embedded wood tips (12), the intercepting logs (11) are kept horizontally placed as much as possible, and the placed intercepting logs (11) are hammered downwards to ensure that the intercepting logs are firmly embedded into the ground;

step 3, sealing two ends of the log: two log saw blades (112) are sawn at two ends of the intercepting log (11) transversely respectively, the log saw blades (112) are nailed at two ends of the intercepting log (11) in an overlapping mode by using steel nails (111), then the log saw blades (112) are hammered downwards, the firm embedding of the log saw blades into the ground is guaranteed, two ends are sealed, and scouring is weakened; repeating the step 1 on the outer side of the log saw blade (112) at the two ends of the nail, and tamping the embedded wood tip (12) so as to enhance the strength of the two ends;

vegetation slope protection measures:

step 1, selecting a concave terrain with a slow gradient in a debris flow circulation area of a burned area, and manually or unmanned sowing grass seeds and tree seeds;

step 2, digging out pits at the position with a steep slope in a debris flow circulation area of the burned-out-of-track land, manually carrying small saplings for manual tree planting, weakening the scouring effect of rainfall on the slope surface, and reducing the loss of water and soil;

log trash device:

step 1, trench bank slope grooving: selecting an upstream channel (24) with a V-shaped channel shape, and respectively digging two slag blocking clamp grooves (23) with the width slightly smaller than the diameter of the slag blocking log (21) at the same positions of bank slopes on two sides in the channel to ensure that the slag blocking log (21) can be firmly embedded into two banks;

step 2, placing logs: selecting the slag blocking logs (21) with sequentially increasing lengths, embedding two ends into the bank slope slag blocking clamp groove (23) from bottom to top respectively, and transversely placing wood piers (22) between the adjacent logs in the slag blocking clamp groove (23) for tamping in order to ensure a certain distance between the adjacent slag blocking logs (21);

simple check dam:

step 1, grooving and placing logs: selecting a middle upstream channel (35) with a V-shaped channel shape, reserving an operation space for restoration and reinforcement after the channel is filled with a warehouse, and respectively digging two check grooves (32) of the check dam with the width slightly smaller than the diameter of the check log (31) at the same positions of bank slopes on two sides in the channel to ensure that the check log (31) can be firmly embedded into two banks; the blocking logs (31) with strength and toughness kept after being cut down and burned nearby on site are sequentially and tightly placed along the dug check groove (32) of the check dam from bottom to top, and the length of the blocking logs (31) is lengthened;

step 2, manufacturing a gunny bag woven body: selecting gravelly soil on site, putting the gravelly soil into a gunny bag (33), and tightening and compacting the gravelly soil; laying a steel wire (34) woven net at the bottom of the ditch, then placing a gunny bag (33) filled with soil and stones on the woven net, and drawing the steel wire (34) woven net to weave a layer of gunny bag woven body; before the second layer of gunny bags are placed, the steel wires (34) of the hooping gunny bags of the second layer are woven with the steel wires (34) of the first layer; by analogy, the steel wires (34) of every two adjacent layers are buckled with each other in a ring mode, so that the sacks are woven to form an integral dam shape, the simple check dam body is in a double-trapezoid shape, namely the front view is in an inverted trapezoid shape from top to bottom, and the side view is in a regular trapezoid shape from top to bottom;

step 3, enhancing and repairing after the debris flow outbreak: after the simple check dam is fully silted up, taking solid matters intercepted at the upstream of the simple check dam as gunny bag fillers, then repeating the step 1 and the step 2, and continuously building a new check dam before the original check dam so as to form a whole with the original dam and prevent the simple check dam from forming a collapse point when the next debris flow outbreak occurs;

treatment measures of the trench opening:

step 1, selecting a field and designing and calculating: selecting a narrow part of the ditch (43) as a dam site, and calculating debris flow velocity and impact force design parameters according to corresponding design specifications; designing a proper dam shape size;

step 2, construction and arrangement: according to the design content, a concrete gravity type sand blocking dam (41) is built at the dam site, and a dam front apron (413) and a grit chamber (42) are additionally arranged in front of the dam, so that most solid matters in the main ditch are intercepted, the water flow gravity passing through the overflow port (411) and the drain hole (412) is reduced, ash and sand are deposited, and the downstream water source is prevented from being polluted.

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