CN114872405A - 一种耐候、抗老化的po光伏背板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐候、抗老化的po光伏背板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114872405A CN114872405A CN202210348849.2A CN202210348849A CN114872405A CN 114872405 A CN114872405 A CN 114872405A CN 202210348849 A CN202210348849 A CN 202210348849A CN 114872405 A CN114872405 A CN 114872405A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08K5/134—Phenols containing ester groups
- C08K5/1345—Carboxylic esters of phenolcarboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板及其制备方法,其结构包括第一PO层和第二PO层,第一PO层的原料包括PE基料、紫外线吸收剂、抗老化剂,第二PO层的原料包括O基料、光稳定剂、抗氧剂、填料、偶联剂,将第一PO层和第二PO层制备原料挤出造粒,造粒挤出后在第一PO层一侧施加胶水并压合第二PO层,得到背板。通过特定PO基料组成的PO结构层,在其他助剂的协同作用下,有效提升了聚烯烃光伏背板的机械强度、耐水解性能、耐候性以及抗老化性能,扩展了该光伏背板的使用范围。同时采用自合成的聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂将所得PO层进行粘结,所得光伏背板的粘结性强,不易出现胶层失效、脱层、分裂等现象,延长了光伏背板的使用年限,提高了其可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏背板的制备领域,H01L31/049,尤其涉及一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板及其制备方法。
背景技术
光伏背板是光伏组件的一种封装材料,主要用于阻断外界中水蒸气、湿气汽、氧及其他颗粒物质对光伏组件性能的影响,而且光伏背板是暴露与空气中,所以需要其具备优异的耐候、耐老化性能。
专利CN201810024797.7公开了一种光伏组件用超高耐候聚烯烃胶膜以及制备方法,将紫外光稳定剂和抗氧剂利用多孔材料吸附得到抗老化/多孔材料,然后与钛白粉、聚烯烃聚合物、缚酸剂、成核剂、增韧剂、增强剂混合熔融挤出,处理后即得,解决了光伏背板膜材料老化后容易撕裂的问题,但是所得聚烯烃胶膜的耐水解性能、耐候。耐老化性能较差。专利CN201610649820.2公开了一种太阳能光伏背板及其制备方法,太阳能光伏背板包括四层结构,由内向外分别为粘结膜层、胶水层、中间PET层和外层PET层,外层PET层主要有PET树脂、 PP树脂、抗氧化剂、偶联稳定剂、抗水解剂、光稳定剂、阻燃剂组成,使得太阳能光伏背板具有良好的机械性能、耐水解性能、耐高温性能。但是其耐水解性能还可以进一步提高,而且容易发生脱层现象。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种耐候、抗老化的PO(聚烯烃)光伏背板及其制备方法,解决了现有技术中独权能解决的技术问题,实现了技术效果。
本发明第一方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其结构包括第一 PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为100-200μm;第二PO层的厚度为 200-300μm;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述第一PO层为内层,第二PO层为外层;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计, PE基料96-100份,紫外线吸收剂0.05-1份,抗老化剂0.1-2份。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述PE(聚乙烯)基料选自UHMWPE(超高分子量聚乙烯)、HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)、LDPE(低密度聚乙烯)、LLDPE(线性低密度聚乙烯)中的至少一种;优选地,所述PE基料为LLDPE;进一步优选地,所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为0.5-4g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g;更进一步优选地,所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述紫外吸收剂选自2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮 (UV-9)、2-(2-羟基-4-苯甲酰氧苯基)-5-氯苯并三氮唑(UV-366)、2-(2-羟基 -3,5-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑(UV-327)、2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮 (UV-531)、2-(4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-5-辛氧基酚 (UV-1164)、双-乙基己氧苯酚甲氧苯基三嗪(UV-627)中的至少一种;优选地,所述紫外吸收剂为UV-366和UV-1164;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:(0.4-3);优选地,所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:1.9;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述抗老化剂选自受阻酚类、硫代酯类、亚磷酸酯类、复合类中的至少一种;优选地,所述抗老剂为受阻酚类和亚磷酸酯类;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述受阻酚类包括β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯、四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、N, N-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺、N,N-双[β-(3,5- 二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰]肼;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述亚磷酸酯类包括三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二叔丁基苯酚)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述抗老化剂为受阻酚β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4- 羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述β-(3.5-二叔丁基,4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为(1.5~3):1;优选地,所述β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为2:1。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计, PO基料84-100份,光稳定剂0.01-1份,抗氧剂0.01-1份,填料2-10份,偶联剂0.5-2份。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述PO基料选自PP(聚丙烯)、PE(聚乙烯)、 EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)、POE(乙烯-辛烯共聚物)中的至少一种;优选地,所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为(3~5): (1.5~2.5):(4~6);优选地,所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为4:2:5;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为10-45g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为20-40MPa;优选地,所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为34g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为25.5MPa;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为2-14g/10min,断裂伸长率为900-1300%;优选地,所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为5.0g/10min,断裂伸长率为1100%;
光伏背板作为光伏组件的最外层屏障,对于光伏组件的耐候性、抗老化性具有重要影响。传统的PET背板存在着(1)PET材料容易水解;(2)背板在环境应力作用下容易开裂脱层;(3)材料难于回收,不环保等问题。PO光伏背板能够有效改善光伏背板的耐水解性,使光伏背板在严苛环境下仍然能够发挥保护作用,但是聚烯烃背板如果采用胶水粘合方式进行覆合加工,在严苛户外环境条件下仍然存在易脱层的问题,局限了聚烯烃背板在光伏组件中的应用。
本申请人经过实验探索发现,采用特定的PO结构层替代PET,能够在聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂的配合下极大程度地提升聚烯烃背板的环境耐受性。尤其是当采用熔融指数为2-14g/10min,断裂伸长率为900-1300%的POE作为第二PO层基料,配合特定的PE、PP作用,能够形成稳固的三维网状结构,一方面和第一 PO层稳固结合,致密的外层分子结构在高温/低温变化下分子间作用力最大程度保持,背板结构中的碳-碳分子主链中均匀分散着小分子极性分子作为支撑,且光照条件下聚合物分子链被自由基进攻引发的化学键断裂趋势被显著抑制,背板的机械性能保持率有效提升。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述光稳定剂选自无机填料、邻羟基二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类、三嗪类、水杨酸酯类中的至少一种;优选地,所述光稳定剂为苯并三唑类;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述苯并三唑类包括2-(2-羟基-3,5-二枯基苯基)苯并三唑(UV-234)、2-(3-叔丁基-2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑(UV-326)、 2-(2-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑(UV-327)、2-(2-羟基-5-特辛基苯基)苯并三唑(UV-5411)、2-[2-羟基-3,5-二(1,1-二甲基丙基苯基)]-2H- 苯并三唑(UV-328);优选地,所述苯并三唑类为326;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述抗氧剂选自抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂626、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂HBT、抗氧剂9228、抗氧剂245中的至少一种;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述填料选自氮化硅晶须、钛白粉、碳化硅、二氧化钛、氧化铝、氮化铝、硫酸铝、硅酸铝、碳酸镁、硫酸钡中的至少一种;优选地,所述填料为钛白粉;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述钛白粉的压实密度为60-180g/L,平均粒径为15-30nm;优选地,所述钛白粉的压实密度为130g/L,平均粒径为21nm;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述偶联剂选自乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-硫基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油醚氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、异丙基三(二辛基磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯、异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯、单烷氧基不饱和脂肪酸钛酸酯、双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯、异丙基二油酸酰氧基(二辛基磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯中的至少一种;优选地,所述偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:(1~2);优选地,所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:1.3。
本发明第二方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述胶水选自环氧树脂类胶黏剂、聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶黏剂中的至少一种;优选地,所述胶水为聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂采用丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇与固化剂在溶剂中反应得到;
但是采用胶水粘合方式对聚烯烃背板进行覆合加工时,在严苛户外环境条件下仍然存在胶层失效、易脱层的问题。意外发现,当采用聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂,尤其是丙烯酸多元醇与N3300固化剂反应得到的胶粘剂时,胶粘剂一方面能够形成有序致密的三维联结层,另一方面胶层与第一PO层、第二PO层的结合力提升,赋予背板优异的耐候性,胶层不易失效、脱层,背板的耐水汽透过能力明显提升,且能够应对高温/低温的环境变化,还能够抵御暴晒、蒸煮、湿冻等严苛环境条件的考验,光伏背板的耐候性、抗老化性显著提升,背板可靠性增强,能够有效保障光伏组件的使用寿命。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为(4~5):(3~4):1:(8~10);优选地,所述丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为4.5:3:1:9;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述丙烯酸多元醇25℃时的粘度为粘度 2000-5500Cp;OH值为2~8mgKOH/g;优选地,所述丙烯酸多元醇25℃时的粘度为粘度2800-4500Cp;OH值为3~6mgKOH/g;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为200~500mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.03mol/kg;优选地,所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为270~470mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.01mol/kg;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述固化剂的NCO含量为15~25%,25℃时的粘度为2000~3500mPa·s;优选地,所述固化剂的NCO含量为21.5~22.1%,25℃时的粘度为2500mPa·s;
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
有益效果:
本申请中通过特定物性参数PO基料组成的PO结构层,在其他助剂的协同作用下,有效提升了聚烯烃光伏背板的机械强度、耐水解性能、耐候性以及抗老化性能,扩展了该光伏背板的使用范围。同时采用自合成的聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂将所得PO层进行粘结,所得的光伏背板的粘结性强,不易出现胶层失效、脱层、分裂等现象,延长了光伏背板的使用年限,提高了其可靠性。而且制备工艺简单,经济实用,应用前景广阔。
具体实施方式
实施例1.
本发明第一方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其结构包括第一 PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为150μm;第二PO层的厚度为230μm;所述第一PO层为内层,第二PO层为外层;
所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PE基料98份,紫外线吸收剂 0.5份,抗老化剂1份。
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述紫外吸收剂为UV-366和UV-1164;所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:1.9;
所述抗老化剂为受阻酚β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;所述β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为2:1。
所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PO基料95份,光稳定剂0.5 份,抗氧剂0.4份,填料6份,偶联剂1份。
所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE;所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为4: 2:5;
所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为34g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为25.5MPa(韩国LG R7700);
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为5.0g/10min,断裂伸长率为1100%(美国陶氏POE 8207);
所述光稳定剂为苯并三唑类;所述苯并三唑类为326(BASF Tinuvin 326);
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂9228;
所述填料为钛白粉;所述钛白粉的压实密度为130g/L,平均粒径为21nm(赢创德固赛,型号:AEROXIDE P25);
所述偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯;
所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:1.3。
本发明第二方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
所述胶水为聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂;
所述聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂采用丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇与固化剂在溶剂中反应得到;
所述丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为4.5:3:1: 9;
所述丙烯酸多元醇25℃时的粘度为粘度2800-4500Cp;OH值为 3~6mgKOH/g(海明斯德谦,型号FS-2050);
所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为270~470mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.01mol/kg(济南汇锦川商贸有限公司,型号:DL-4000D);
所述固化剂的NCO含量为21.5~22.1%,25℃时的粘度为2500mPa·s(拜耳,型号:N3300);
所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
实施例2.
本发明第一方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其结构包括第一 PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为120μm;第二PO层的厚度为250μm;所述第一PO层为内层,第二PO层为外层;
所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PE基料100份,紫外线吸收剂1份,抗老化剂2份。
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述紫外吸收剂为UV-366和UV-1164;所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:1.9;
所述抗老化剂为受阻酚β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;所述β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为2:1。
所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PO基料100份,光稳定剂1 份,抗氧剂1份,填料10份,偶联剂2份;
所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE;所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为4: 2:5;
所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为34g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为25.5MPa(韩国LG R7700);
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为5.0g/10min,断裂伸长率为1100%(美国陶氏POE 8207);
所述光稳定剂为苯并三唑类;所述苯并三唑类为326(BASF Tinuvin 326);
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂9228;
所述填料为钛白粉;所述钛白粉的压实密度为130g/L,平均粒径为21nm(赢创德固赛,型号:AEROXIDE P25);
所述偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯;
所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:1.3。
本发明第二方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
所述胶水为聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂;
所述聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂采用丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇与固化剂在溶剂中反应得到;
所述丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为4.5:3:1: 9;
所述丙烯酸多元醇25℃时的粘度为粘度2800-4500Cp;OH值为 3~6mgKOH/g(海明斯德谦,型号FS-2050);
所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为270~470mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.01mol/kg(济南汇锦川商贸有限公司,型号:DL-4000D);
所述固化剂的NCO含量为21.5~22.1%,25℃时的粘度为2500mPa·s(拜耳,型号:N3300);
所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
对比例1.
本发明第一方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其结构包括第一 PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为150μm;第二PO层的厚度为230μm;所述第一PO层为内层,第二PO层为外层;
所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PE基料98份,紫外线吸收剂 0.5份,抗老化剂1份。
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述紫外吸收剂为UV-366和UV-1164;所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:1.9;
所述抗老化剂为受阻酚β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;所述β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为2:1。
所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PO基料95份,光稳定剂0.5 份,抗氧剂0.4份,填料6份,偶联剂1份。
所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE;所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为4: 2:5;
所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为34g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为25.5MPa(韩国LG R7700);
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为5.0g/10min,断裂伸长率为550%(美国陶氏POE 7447);
所述光稳定剂为苯并三唑类;所述苯并三唑类为326(BASF Tinuvin 326);
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂9228;
所述填料为钛白粉;所述钛白粉的压实密度为130g/L,平均粒径为21nm(赢创德固赛,型号:AEROXIDE P25);
所述偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯;
所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:1.3。
本发明第二方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
所述胶水为聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂;
所述聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂采用丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇与固化剂在溶剂中反应得到;
所述丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为4.5:3:1: 9;
所述丙烯酸多元醇25℃时的粘度为粘度2800-4500Cp;OH值为 3~6mgKOH/g(海明斯德谦,型号FS-2050);
所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为270~470mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.01mol/kg(济南汇锦川商贸有限公司,型号:DL-4000D);
所述固化剂的NCO含量为21.5~22.1%,25℃时的粘度为2500mPa·s(拜耳,型号:N3300);
所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
对比例2.
本发明第一方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其结构包括第一 PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为150μm;第二PO层的厚度为230μm;所述第一PO层为内层,第二PO层为外层;
所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PE基料98份,紫外线吸收剂 0.5份,抗老化剂1份。
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述紫外吸收剂为UV-366和UV-1164;所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:1.9;
所述抗老化剂为受阻酚β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;所述β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为2:1。
所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PO基料95份,光稳定剂0.5 份,抗氧剂0.4份,填料6份,偶联剂1份。
所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE;所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为4: 2:5;
所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为8.0g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为25.5MPa(韩国LG R3450);
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为5.0g/10min,断裂伸长率为1100%(美国陶氏POE 8207);
所述光稳定剂为苯并三唑类;所述苯并三唑类为326(BASF Tinuvin 326);
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂9228;
所述填料为钛白粉;所述钛白粉的压实密度为130g/L,平均粒径为21nm(赢创德固赛,型号:AEROXIDE P25);
所述偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯;
所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:1.3。
本发明第二方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
所述胶水为聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂;
所述聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂采用丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇与固化剂在溶剂中反应得到;
所述丙烯酸多元醇、聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为4.5:3:1: 9;
所述丙烯酸多元醇25℃时的粘度为粘度2800-4500Cp;OH值为 3~6mgKOH/g(海明斯德谦,型号FS-2050);
所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为270~470mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.01mol/kg(济南汇锦川商贸有限公司,型号:DL-4000D);
所述固化剂的NCO含量为21.5~22.1%,25℃时的粘度为2500mPa·s(拜耳,型号:N3300);
所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
对比例3.
本发明第一方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其结构包括第一 PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为150μm;第二PO层的厚度为230μm;所述第一PO层为内层,第二PO层为外层;
所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PE基料98份,紫外线吸收剂 0.5份,抗老化剂1份。
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述紫外吸收剂为UV-366和UV-1164;所述UV-366和UV-1164的重量比为1:1.9;
所述抗老化剂为受阻酚β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯;所述β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯和亚磷酸一本二异辛酯的重量比为2:1。
所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PO基料95份,光稳定剂0.5 份,抗氧剂0.4份,填料6份,偶联剂1份。
所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE;所述PP、PE和POE的重量份之比为4: 2:5;
所述PP的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔体流动速率为34g/10min,屈服拉伸强度为25.5MPa(韩国LG R7700);
所述PE基料为LLDPE;所述LLDPE的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,落镖冲击强度≥50g(扬子石化YLF-1802);
所述POE的测试条件为230℃,2.16kg时熔融指数为5.0g/10min,断裂伸长率为1100%(美国陶氏POE 8207);
所述光稳定剂为苯并三唑类;所述苯并三唑类为326(BASF Tinuvin 326);
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂9228;
所述填料为钛白粉;所述钛白粉的压实密度为130g/L,平均粒径为21nm(赢创德固赛,型号:AEROXIDE P25);
所述偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯;
所述乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和双(二辛氧基焦磷酸酯基)乙撑钛酸酯的重量份之比为1:1.3。
本发明第二方面提供了一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
所述胶水为聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂;
所述聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂采用聚醚多元醇与固化剂在溶剂中反应得到;
所述聚醚多元醇、固化剂、溶剂的重量份之比为3:1:9;
所述聚醚多元醇25℃的粘度为270~470mPa·s,不饱和值≤0.01mol/kg(济南汇锦川商贸有限公司,型号:DL-4000D);
所述固化剂的NCO含量为21.5~22.1%,25℃时的粘度为2500mPa·s(拜耳,型号:N3300);
所述溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
性能测试:
1、拉伸强度:依据标准ISO 1184对实施例及对比例所得光伏背板极性测试;
2、UV测试:依据标准GB/T 31034 2014,对实施例及对比例所得光伏背板进行测试;测试条件为50kWh·m-2,120h;记录光伏背板的断裂伸长率的初始值和保持率k于表1。
3、耐水解测试:依据标准GB/T 31034 2014,对实施例及对比例所得光伏背板进行测试;测试条件为沸水(98±2℃)中煮24h,每组实施例设置10个平行样品,观察并记录沸水煮过后出现分层、起泡、变色、裂纹、胶层发黏的样品个数M1于表1。
4、冷热循环测试:根据标准GB/T 31034 2014,对实施例及对比例所得光伏背板进行测试;测试条件为-40℃~85℃,8h/周期,400周期。
每组实施例设置10个平行样品,观察并记录冷热循环后出现分层、起泡、变色、裂纹、胶层发黏的样品个数M2于表1。
表1实施例及对比例测试结果
Claims (10)
1.一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,结构包括第一PO层和第二PO层,其中第一PO层的厚度为100-200μm;第二PO层的厚度为200-300μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述第一PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PE基料96-100份,紫外线吸收剂0.05-1份,抗老化剂0.1-2份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述PE基料选自UHMWPE、HDPE、LDPE、LLDPE中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述PE基料为LLDPE。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述紫外吸收剂选自2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-(2-羟基-4-苯甲酰氧苯基)-5-氯苯并三氮唑、2-(2-羟基-3,5-二叔苯基)-5-氯化苯并三唑、2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、2-(4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-5-辛氧基酚、双-乙基己氧苯酚甲氧苯基三嗪中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述第二PO层的原料包括:按照重量份计,PO基料84-100份,光稳定剂0.01-1份,抗氧剂0.01-1份,填料2-10份,偶联剂0.5-2份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述PO基料选自PP、PE、EVA、POE中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板,其特征在于,所述PO基料为PP、PE和POE。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,其特征在于,具体操作为:
(1)分别将第一PO层、第二PO层的制备原料采用高速混合机混合均匀,然后使用双螺杆挤出机造粒,得到第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料;
(2)将第一PO层粒料和第二PO层粒料分别加入到2台挤出机中熔融挤出,得到第一PO层、第二PO层;
(3)将第一PO层一侧施加胶水后,压合第二PO层,得到背板。
10.根据权利要求所述9所述的一种耐候、抗老化的PO光伏背板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述胶水选自环氧树脂类胶黏剂、聚醚型聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶黏剂中的至少一种。
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